Battery pack thermal runaway derived disaster control system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack thermal runaway derived disaster control system. The system includes an eruption handling device including a fire retardant catalytic section. The flame-retardant catalytic section comprises a retarding filler with a plurality of retarding pore channels, the diameter of the pore channels is smaller than the maximum experimental safety gap of combustible gas, and a radially protruding retarding locking piece is arranged on the shell or the retarding filler; the blocking and urging filler or the shell is provided with a blocking and urging locking channel and a blocking and urging clamping groove, wherein the blocking and urging locking channel corresponds to the blocking and urging locking piece and is used for the blocking and urging locking piece to slide in and assemble in the axial direction, and the blocking and urging clamping groove is used for clamping and fixing the blocking and urging locking piece. The utility model aims to avoid and delay the occurrence of derivative disasters when the battery pack is in thermal runaway, and reduce the influence and loss of the derivative disasters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrochemical energy storage power batteries, and more specifically to a battery pack thermal runaway derivative disaster control system. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochemical energy storage power batteries, mainly lithium-ion batteries, have been widely used in mobile vehicles, ships, mechanical devices, and stationary energy storage systems. Although the manufacturing technology of lithium-ion battery systems has become increasingly mature, it is not possible to completely avoid thermal runaway and thermal diffusion of battery packs under certain conditions.

[0003] Thermal runaway refers to the phenomenon where the temperature of a battery rises uncontrollably due to a chain reaction of exothermic reactions within a single battery cell. Thermal runaway refers to the phenomenon where thermal runaway of one battery cell triggers subsequent thermal runaway of other battery cells within a battery pack or system; it is also known as battery pack thermal runaway.

[0004] Thermal runaway is typically induced by a combination of factors, either individually or in combination, including mechanical, electrical, thermal, and internal short circuits. The development of thermal runaway involves: decomposition of the SEI film, reaction between the electrolyte and the negative electrode, membrane melting, positive electrode decomposition, electrolyte decomposition, binder decomposition, and electrolyte combustion. During thermal runaway, complex electrochemical reactions occur between the components within the battery cell, generating large amounts of gas and releasing significant heat. The heated gas generates high pressure, causing the explosion-proof valve on the battery cell casing to rupture, ejecting high-temperature, high-pressure substances, including solid, liquid, and gaseous components. Combustible substances are ignited during the ejection, producing high-temperature smoke and releasing even more heat. This entire chain reaction occurs within a very short time.

[0005] When the high temperature caused by thermal runaway becomes uncontrollable, it will trigger thermal diffusion, causing more battery cells to eject more high-temperature and high-pressure substances. After the explosion-proof valve on the battery pack casing is activated, these substances are ejected outside the battery pack in a jet-like manner. The combustibles in the ejected substances will burn violently upon contact with air, forming jet-like high-temperature flames and smoke.

[0006] During thermal runaway, the oxygen released from the positive electrode is insufficient to completely burn the flammable electrolyte. Therefore, combustion does not occur inside the individual battery cells during thermal runaway. Because the oxygen content within the battery pack is limited, combustible materials ejected into the pack will not burn completely; they will only combust violently upon contact with oxygen in the outside air when ejected from the pack, forming high-temperature flames and smoke.

[0007] Battery pack thermal runaway-related disasters refer to the high-temperature, high-pressure substances generated by the thermal runaway of the battery pack being ejected outside the battery pack in a jet-like manner through the explosion-proof valve of the outer casing. The combustibles in the jet burn violently upon contact with oxygen in the outside air, forming jet-like high-temperature flames and smoke. In addition to the damage to the battery pack, it is also very easy to cause derivative disasters such as fires and environmental pollution.

[0008] For portable vehicle battery packs, the explosion-proof valve of the outer casing is located at the bottom of the vehicle. High-temperature flames and smoke often directly scorch the vehicle body, igniting the vehicle itself in a very short time and causing a fire. The high-temperature flames and smoke can also ignite nearby combustibles or vehicles, causing the fire to spread. The large amount of high-temperature toxic smoke produced by the combustion spreads to the surrounding area, threatening personnel evacuation and fire fighting and rescue. Especially in indoor places such as underground garages where vehicles are densely parked, the spread of the fire can easily lead to significant property damage to vehicles and buildings, as well as casualties.

[0009] For stationary energy storage battery packs, the explosion-proof valves on their outer shells lead to the energy storage cabinets or prefabricated compartments. High-temperature flames and smoke fill the energy storage cabinets or prefabricated compartments, which can, at best, directly damage equipment, cables, pipes, etc., within the same energy storage cabinet or prefabricated compartment, or trigger the automatic fire sprinkler system to spray water, causing further damage to non-waterproof equipment. At worst, it can lead to cascading thermal runaway of adjacent battery packs, ultimately causing a large-scale fire or even an explosion in the energy storage cabinet or prefabricated compartment, resulting in direct and significant property losses due to the burning of high-value energy storage equipment. The loss of power supply capability of the energy storage system will also lead to certain indirect losses.

[0010] In addition, the high-temperature and high-pressure substances generated by the thermal runaway of the battery pack contain certain toxic and harmful components, such as toxic gases like HF and CO, which can threaten the health of firefighters. Furthermore, the solid particulate matter containing a large amount of metal elements can be inhaled and harm the health of firefighters, and can also enter the air, soil, and rivers during the firefighting process, causing long-term environmental pollution.

[0011] Current research and measures regarding thermal runaway primarily focus on preventing thermal runaway from occurring and stopping its progression into thermal propagation. This is concentrated on material improvements, monitoring and early warning systems, and thermal management, without addressing the necessary measures to prevent derivative disasters after thermal runaway occurs. Although technological advancements have reduced the probability of thermal runaway, the rapid increase in the use of power batteries across various sectors will likely lead to an increase in the absolute number of thermal runaway events, resulting in substantial property damage, casualties, and environmental pollution.

[0012] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field to control the derivative disasters of battery pack thermal runaway in order to avoid or delay their occurrence and mitigate their impact and losses. This will buy more time for personnel evacuation, fire fighting and rescue, and prevent significant property and personnel losses such as vehicle burning, building damage, casualties, and damage to high-value energy storage devices, as well as long-term environmental pollution. Utility Model Content

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery pack thermal runaway derivative disaster control system, so as to avoid or delay the occurrence of derivative disasters and reduce the impact and losses of derivative disasters when the battery pack experiences thermal runaway.

[0014] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a method for controlling a disaster arising from thermal runaway of a battery pack. The method includes guiding the ejected material from the thermal runaway of the battery pack above the equipment carrying the battery pack through a guide tube and discharging it outwards, and reducing, blocking, catalyzing, extinguishing, and cooling the ejected material from the thermal runaway of the battery pack during the guiding process.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment, the composition and order of the above-mentioned reduction, flame arrest, catalysis, fire extinguishing, and cooling treatments are not unique or fixed, and can be adjusted as needed.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment, the reduction process is configured to prevent the combustibles in the solid and liquid substances from coming into contact with the outside air and being ignited and burning violently by separating, intercepting, filtering, and adsorbing the solid and liquid substances in the ejecta.

[0017] In another preferred embodiment, the reduction process includes primary interception and secondary filtration of the ejecta for different particle sizes.

[0018] In another preferred embodiment, the primary interception is configured to employ a device such as a cyclone separator to separate and intercept solid and liquid ejected particles with larger particle sizes using centrifugal force and gravity.

[0019] In another preferred embodiment, the secondary filtration is configured to filter and adsorb small-particle solid and liquid ejecta using a filter layer made of non-combustible fibrous material (e.g., aluminosilicate-based centrifugal glass fiber, basalt fiber, ceramic fiber, etc.).

[0020] In another preferred embodiment, the flame-retardant and catalytic treatment is configured to block flames entrained in the ejecta by a flame-retardant filler having multiple flame-retardant channels, thereby preventing the flames from igniting combustibles in the ejecta during emission, and to catalytically convert gaseous toxic and harmful substances in the ejecta into non-toxic substances by a catalyst sprayed on the surface of the flame-retardant channels, thereby reducing the emission of toxic and harmful substances.

[0021] In another preferred embodiment, the catalyst-inhibiting filler is made of non-combustible materials such as ceramics or metals.

[0022] In another preferred embodiment, the diameter of the catalytic barrier channel is smaller than the maximum experimental safe gap (MESG) for combustible gases.

[0023] In another preferred embodiment, the diameter of the catalyst channel is 0.3-1 mm.

[0024] In another preferred embodiment, the fire extinguishing process is configured to extinguish flames and / or fire nuclei mixed in with the ejecta and to reduce the temperature of the ejecta so as to prevent it from igniting combustibles in the ejecta during discharge and causing violent combustion.

[0025] In another preferred embodiment, the fire extinguishing process includes extinguishing the fire with built-in fire extinguishing filler or extinguishing the fire by spraying in an extinguishing agent.

[0026] In another preferred embodiment, the fire extinguishing filler is a solid material cast from fire extinguishing material and having multiple fire extinguishing channels. As the ejected material passes through the fire extinguishing channels, it extinguishes the flames and / or fire cores in the ejected material through physical and chemical reactions that ablate the fire extinguishing filler.

[0027] In another preferred embodiment, the fire extinguishing packing contains fire extinguishing agent pellets. During the ablation of the fire extinguishing packing, the fire extinguishing agent pellets are gradually exposed, heated, and rupture to release the fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing.

[0028] In another preferred embodiment, the diameter of the extinguishing agent pellets is 1-10 mm.

[0029] In another preferred embodiment, the fire extinguishing filler reacts chemically with the toxic and harmful substances in the ejected material to transform them into non-toxic and harmless substances.

[0030] In another preferred embodiment, the cooling process includes indirect cooling and direct cooling, wherein the indirect cooling includes heat exchange cooling through a cooling jacket surrounding at least a portion of the guide tube and water spray cooling of the battery pack to reduce the temperature and pressure of the ejected material; the direct cooling includes water spray cooling at the outlet of the guide tube.

[0031] In another preferred embodiment, the coolant in the cooling jacket may be unidirectional flowing fire water for fixed equipment (e.g., energy storage cabinet, energy storage prefabricated cabin, etc.) or a coolant circulating in a liquid cooling system for mobile equipment (e.g., electric vehicle, etc.).

[0032] In another preferred embodiment, the liquid cooling system may be a liquid cooling system for a drive motor, a liquid cooling system for a battery pack temperature control system, a heat dissipation system for an air conditioner, a liquid cooling system for a liquid-cooled supercharging pile, etc.

[0033] In another preferred embodiment, the water used for cooling, either spray or sprinkler water, is supplied through a fire-fighting water supply cooling system.

[0034] A second aspect of this invention provides a system for controlling battery pack thermal runaway-related disasters, the system comprising:

[0035] A guide pipe connected to the explosion-proof valve of the battery pack via an access pipe, the discharge port of which is located above the housing of the equipment using the battery pack, the discharge port being used to limit the upward emission of thermal runaway ejecta and its flame fumes from the battery pack; and

[0036] The ejecta treatment device installed on the guide tube includes a filtration section, a flame-retardant catalytic section, and a fire-extinguishing and cooling section, which is used to reduce the amount of ejecta from the battery pack during thermal runaway, and to perform flame-retardant, catalytic, fire-extinguishing, and cooling treatments.

[0037] A third aspect of this utility model provides a system for controlling battery pack thermal runaway-related disasters, the system comprising:

[0038] A guide tube connected to the explosion-proof valve of the battery pack; and

[0039] A projectile treatment device is installed on the guide tube;

[0040] The ejecta treatment device includes a flame-arresting catalytic section, which is used to prevent flame propagation and to catalytically convert combustible and toxic gases in the ejecta from the battery pack into non-combustible and non-toxic gases. The combustible gases include H2, CO, and CH4; the toxic gases include HF.

[0041] The flame-retardant catalytic section includes a flame-retardant packing material with multiple flame-retardant channels. The diameter of the flame-retardant channels is smaller than the Maximum Experimental Safe Gap (MESG) for combustible gases. The flame-retardant catalytic section is fixed in a housing. One of the housing and the flame-retardant packing material is provided with at least one radially protruding flame-retardant locking member. The other of the housing and the flame-retardant packing material is provided with at least one flame-retardant locking channel corresponding to the flame-retardant locking member for axially sliding into the flame-retardant locking member, and a flame-retardant locking groove radially connected to the flame-retardant locking channel for engaging and fixing the flame-retardant locking member.

[0042] In another preferred embodiment, the system for controlling thermal runaway-derived hazards of the battery pack is used to perform the method for controlling thermal runaway-derived hazards of the battery pack.

[0043] In another preferred embodiment, the method for controlling battery pack thermal runaway-derived disasters is implemented based on the system for controlling battery pack thermal runaway-derived disasters.

[0044] In another preferred embodiment, during the assembly process, the catalytic inhibitor locking channel of the axially arranged catalytic inhibitor filler is inserted into the housing. After axial positioning, the catalytic inhibitor filler is rotated circumferentially, and the catalytic inhibitor locking member and the catalytic inhibitor engaging groove engage, thus completing the assembly of the catalytic inhibitor filler.

[0045] In another preferred embodiment, during the assembly of the catalyst-resistant filler into the housing, the catalyst-resistant locking member on the inner wall of the housing is first aligned with the catalyst-resistant locking channel on the outer circumferential surface of the catalyst-resistant filler, and the catalyst-resistant filler is pushed into the housing. After the catalyst-resistant filler is axially in place, the catalyst-resistant filler is rotated so that the catalyst-resistant engaging groove of the catalyst-resistant filler engages with the catalyst-resistant locking member of the housing, thereby axially fixing the catalyst-resistant filler in the housing.

[0046] In another preferred embodiment, the guide tube is connected to the explosion-proof valve of the battery pack via an access tube.

[0047] In another preferred embodiment, the catalyst of the catalyst-resistant filler can be a noble metal catalyst such as platinum, palladium, or rhodium, or it can be a metal oxide catalyst.

[0048] In another preferred embodiment, the catalytic locking channel is an axially penetrating channel disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the catalytic packing or on the inner peripheral wall of the housing.

[0049] In another preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the locking channel is as small as possible. The cross-sectional area of ​​a single locking channel is 10-25 square millimeters.

[0050] In another preferred embodiment, the catalytic locking channel is a non-axially penetrating channel disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the catalytic packing or on the inner peripheral wall of the housing.

[0051] In another preferred embodiment, the anti-catalytic locking channel extends from the inlet for the anti-catalytic locking member to slide axially into a position that is radially connected to the anti-catalytic engagement groove, forming a channel similar to the number "7".

[0052] In another preferred embodiment, the surface of the catalyst-resistant channel is coated with a catalyst.

[0053] In another preferred embodiment, the axial direction of the catalytic channel is consistent with or substantially consistent with the flow direction of the ejected material.

[0054] In another preferred embodiment, the retaining locking element is a circular protrusion.

[0055] In another preferred embodiment, the angle between the axial direction of the resistive engagement groove and the circumferential direction of the resistive packing or the shell is 0-12 degrees; preferably, 10 degrees.

[0056] In another preferred embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the catalyst-resistant filler is provided with a plurality of radially outwardly protruding shoulders spaced apart, and a catalyst-resistant locking channel is formed between adjacent shoulders. Each shoulder is provided with a catalyst-resistant engaging groove, and the catalyst-resistant engaging groove is connected to the catalyst-resistant locking channel. The inner wall of the housing is provided with a protruding catalyst-resistant locking member corresponding to at least one of the catalyst-resistant engaging grooves of the shoulder. The catalyst-resistant engaging groove engages with the catalyst-resistant locking member on the inner wall of the housing (i.e., axial engagement and fixation are achieved by circumferential rotation) to axially fix the catalyst-resistant filler in the housing.

[0057] In another preferred embodiment, the circumferential length of the anti-catalytic locking member does not exceed the circumferential length of the anti-catalytic locking channel, and the height of the anti-catalytic locking member does not exceed the height of the anti-catalytic shoulder.

[0058] In another preferred embodiment, one end (inlet end and / or outlet end) of the flame-retardant packing is provided with an inclined sealing surface, which abuts against the inclined surface on the wall of the flame-retardant catalytic section of the shell, thereby sealing the flame-retardant packing with the shell.

[0059] In another preferred embodiment, a sealing gasket is provided between the sealing surface of the catalyst-inhibiting packing and the inclined structure of the housing to enhance the seal between them.

[0060] It should be noted that the above-mentioned arrangement of the catalyst inhibitor packing and the shell can be interchanged, as long as the locking and fixing between the catalyst inhibitor packing and the shell can be achieved.

[0061] In another preferred embodiment, the catalyst-blocking filler is divided into a solid structure region and a catalyst-blocking channel region. The solid structure region forms supporting ribs, which improve the strength and rigidity of the catalyst-blocking filler and prevent deformation. Multiple catalyst-blocking channels are distributed in the catalyst-blocking channel region, through which the ejected material flows.

[0062] In another preferred embodiment, a locking blind hole is provided on the solid structure region, and the catalyst packing is locked and fixed by rotating the locking blind hole.

[0063] In another preferred embodiment, the ejecta treatment device includes a fire extinguishing and cooling section, which is provided with a porous fire extinguishing packing. The axial direction of the pores of the fire extinguishing packing is the same as the axial direction of the ejecta treatment device. The fire extinguishing packing is arranged inside the housing. One of the housing and the fire extinguishing packing is provided with at least one radially protruding fire extinguishing locking member. The other of the housing and the fire extinguishing packing is provided with at least one fire extinguishing locking channel corresponding to the fire extinguishing locking member for axial sliding assembly and a fire extinguishing locking groove radially connected to the fire extinguishing locking channel for engaging and fixing the fire extinguishing locking member.

[0064] In another preferred embodiment, the fire extinguishing and cooling section is located downstream of the fire-retardant catalytic section.

[0065] In another preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​a single extinguishing and locking channel is 2-5 square centimeters.

[0066] In another preferred embodiment, the height of a single extinguishing and locking channel is approximately 5-10 mm; the width is approximately 30-50 mm.

[0067] In another preferred embodiment, during the assembly process, the extinguishing and locking channel of the fire extinguishing packing is inserted into the housing along the axial direction. After axial positioning, the fire extinguishing packing is rotated circumferentially, and the extinguishing and locking member and the extinguishing and locking groove engage, thus completing the assembly of the fire extinguishing packing.

[0068] In another preferred embodiment, the extinguishing and locking channel is an axially penetrating channel provided on the outer peripheral wall of the extinguishing packing or on the inner peripheral wall of the shell.

[0069] In another preferred embodiment, multiple peripheral channels are formed between the shell and the fire extinguishing packing material through a plurality of the extinguishing and locking channels. These peripheral channels also serve to circulate the ejected material, functioning similarly to the orifices. The presence of these peripheral channels maximizes the contact area between the fire extinguishing packing material and the ejected material, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing packing material and the cooling jacket.

[0070] In another preferred embodiment, the locking element is a circular protrusion.

[0071] In another preferred embodiment, the angle between the axial direction of the extinguishing groove and the circumferential direction of the extinguishing filler or the shell is 0-20 degrees; preferably, 3-10 degrees; more preferably, 6-8 degrees.

[0072] In another preferred embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the fire extinguishing packing is provided with a plurality of protruding shoulders, and an extinguishing and locking channel is formed between adjacent shoulders. Each shoulder is provided with at least one extinguishing and locking groove that circumferentially penetrates the shoulder. The extinguishing and locking groove and the extinguishing and locking channel are connected. The inner wall of the shell is provided with a protruding extinguishing and locking member corresponding to at least one extinguishing and locking groove of the extinguishing shoulder. The extinguishing and locking groove and the extinguishing and locking member are axially engaged and fixed by circumferential rotation, so as to axially fix the fire extinguishing packing in the shell and form an outer circumferential channel at the extinguishing and locking channel.

[0073] In another preferred embodiment, during the assembly of the fire extinguishing packing into the housing, the extinguishing locking member on the inner wall of the housing is first aligned with the extinguishing locking channel on the outer circumferential surface of the fire extinguishing packing. The fire extinguishing packing is then pushed into the housing. After the fire extinguishing packing is axially in place, it is rotated so that the extinguishing engagement groove of the fire extinguishing packing engages with the extinguishing locking member of the housing, thereby axially fixing the fire extinguishing packing within the housing and forming an outer circumferential channel at the extinguishing locking channel.

[0074] It should be noted that the above-mentioned installation methods of fire extinguishing packing and shell can be interchanged, as long as the locking and fixing between the fire extinguishing packing and shell can be achieved.

[0075] In another preferred embodiment, the circumferential length of the extinguishing and locking member does not exceed the circumferential length of the extinguishing and locking channel, and the height of the extinguishing and locking member does not exceed the height of the extinguishing and locking shoulder.

[0076] In another preferred embodiment, the fire extinguishing filler contains fire extinguishing agent pellets. The fire extinguishing agent in the pellets is a liquid at normal temperature and pressure (such as perfluorohexanone, formulated fire extinguishing aqueous solution, etc.), and there is space inside the pellets for the fire extinguishing agent to vaporize. When a certain temperature is exceeded, the pellets rupture and release the fire extinguishing agent.

[0077] In another preferred embodiment, the outlet end of the fire extinguishing packing is provided with a top support plate with multiple holes. The top support plate is fixed to the shell and is tightly bonded to the fire extinguishing packing. It is used to disperse the impact force of the ejected material on the fire extinguishing packing, so that the fire extinguishing packing can maintain the integrity of the multi-channel morphology during the ablation process. The holes on the top support plate correspond one-to-one with the channels of the fire extinguishing packing, and the diameter of the holes is larger than the diameter of the channels.

[0078] In another preferred embodiment, a plurality of notches are provided along the outer periphery of the top support plate, the notches corresponding one-to-one with the outer peripheral channels, and the area of ​​the notches is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the outer peripheral channels.

[0079] In another preferred embodiment, a plurality of extinguishing and lowering engagement grooves and / or locking elements (which are fixed to the top support orifice plate by connecting pieces) are provided from the outer periphery of the top support orifice plate toward the extinguishing filler in the axial direction. The top support orifice plate is engaged and fixed to the housing by the snap-fit ​​engagement of the extinguishing and lowering engagement grooves with the locking elements on the housing and / or by the snap-fit ​​engagement of the locking elements with the extinguishing and lowering engagement grooves on the housing.

[0080] In another preferred embodiment, the outer periphery of the top support plate extends and flips from the bottom to the shoulder, where a locking groove is provided, and it engages and is fixed with a locking member on the inner wall of the housing.

[0081] In another preferred embodiment, one end of the access pipe is an enlarged diameter pipe section that is sealed to the outer shell of the battery pack. The enlarged diameter pipe section surrounds the explosion-proof valve of the battery pack and provides space for the valve plate of the explosion-proof valve to move and for the ejected material to pass through.

[0082] In another preferred embodiment, the second end of the access pipe leads to the ejecta treatment device.

[0083] In another preferred embodiment, if there are multiple explosion-proof valves in the battery pack, then the inlet pipe is a manifold with multiple corresponding first ends.

[0084] In another preferred embodiment, the second end of the access pipe is connected to the ejecta treatment device after being collected by a collection pipe.

[0085] In another preferred embodiment, the system includes an initial interception device disposed upstream of the ejecta treatment device and in fluid communication with the guide tube, the initial interception device being a cyclone separator.

[0086] In another preferred embodiment, the initial interception device is used to separate and intercept solid and liquid substances with larger particle sizes in the ejected material, and has a large space to accommodate the sediment. The particle size intercepted by the initial interception device is 10 μm or larger.

[0087] In another preferred embodiment, the discharge port of the guide tube is located above the housing of the device using the battery pack, and the discharge port is used to limit the emission of thermal runaway ejecta and its flame fumes from the battery pack into the upper atmosphere.

[0088] In another preferred embodiment, the ejecta treatment device includes a filtration section having a filter layer through which ejecta from the thermal runaway of the battery pack are filtered.

[0089] In another preferred embodiment, solid and liquid substances with a particle size of 1 μm or larger are filtered through the filter layer.

[0090] In another preferred embodiment, the filter layer is a fire-resistant filter element; when the ejected material passes through the filter layer, the smaller solid and liquid substances are intercepted and adsorbed, and retained in the oxygen-deficient diffusion cavity.

[0091] In another preferred embodiment, the filter layer is filled between the porous manifold and the breathable protective layer.

[0092] In another preferred embodiment, the guide tube extends into the housing.

[0093] In another preferred embodiment, the guide tube has one or more air outlets on the outer peripheral surface of a portion of the housing for the passage of the ejected material.

[0094] In another preferred embodiment, the filter layer in the filter section divides the space within the filter section of the housing into a diffusion cavity and a confluence cavity.

[0095] In another preferred embodiment, the ejected material filtered by the filter layer is collected through a manifold.

[0096] In another preferred embodiment, where the portion of the guide tube in the housing is located outside the space enclosed by the filter layer, the manifold is the internal space of a manifold with multiple through holes around its perimeter.

[0097] In another preferred embodiment, where the portion of the guide tube in the housing is disposed within the space enclosed by the filter layer, the manifold is the space between the filter layer and the housing.

[0098] In another preferred embodiment, the space between the guide tube and the filter layer in the filter section within the housing is a diffusion cavity. That is, when the portion of the guide tube in the housing is located outside the space enclosed by the filter layer, the diffusion cavity is the space between the filter layer and the housing; when the portion of the guide tube in the housing is located inside the space enclosed by the filter layer, the diffusion cavity is the internal space enclosed by the filter layer.

[0099] In another preferred embodiment, the filter layer surrounds the entire outer periphery of the manifold.

[0100] In another preferred embodiment, a protective layer is provided around the outer periphery of the filter layer. The protective layer is a wire mesh, which is used to keep the filter layer intact when the ejected material penetrates it.

[0101] In another preferred embodiment, the filter section is disposed within the housing.

[0102] In another preferred embodiment, the ejecta treatment device is an enlarged diameter pipe section.

[0103] In another preferred embodiment, the flame-retardant catalytic section is disposed downstream of the filtration section.

[0104] In another preferred embodiment, the discharge end of the guide tube is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port including a discharge port spray head, through which water is sprayed (in a mist) to cover the discharge material sprayed from the outlet of the guide tube;

[0105] The discharge port also includes an inner metal mesh covering the guide pipe opening and an outer metal mesh disposed on the opposite side of the discharge port spray head, such that the water mist sprayed from the discharge port spray head is retained in the space between the inner metal mesh and the outer metal mesh.

[0106] In another preferred embodiment, the discharge nozzle is connected to a water supply pipe.

[0107] In another preferred embodiment, the guide tube opening has an outwardly expanding structure.

[0108] In another preferred embodiment, the inner metal mesh is an outwardly convex curved metal surface.

[0109] In another preferred embodiment, the body of the discharge port extends outward from the flared end of the guide pipe.

[0110] In another preferred embodiment, the exhaust spray head, the outer metal mesh, and optionally the inner metal mesh are all fixed to the exhaust body.

[0111] In another preferred embodiment, the ejecta treatment device includes a cooling jacket surrounding the outer periphery of the ejecta treatment device, wherein the ejecta is cooled by the flow of coolant within the cooling jacket.

[0112] In another preferred embodiment, the cooling jacket surrounds part or the entire guide tube.

[0113] In another preferred embodiment, the coolant in the cooling jacket may be unidirectional flowing fire water for fixed equipment, or coolant circulating in a liquid cooling system for mobile equipment.

[0114] In another preferred embodiment, the fire-fighting water is accessed through the fire-fighting water supply and cooling system.

[0115] In another preferred embodiment, the system includes a fire-fighting water supply and cooling system, which includes an outlet spray head disposed at the outlet, a fire-fighting water supply quick-connect interface for connection to an external fire protection system, and a water supply pipe for connecting the outlet spray head and the fire-fighting water supply quick-connect interface; the fire-fighting water supply quick-connect interface is located on the housing of the device using the battery pack in an easily accessible and operable position; the outlet spray head is located between the inner and outer metal meshes of the outlet.

[0116] In another preferred embodiment, the temperature sensing component activates when a certain temperature is exceeded, and the exhaust spray head is used to spray a large amount of water mist to isolate the air and evaporate and cool it.

[0117] In another preferred embodiment, the fire-fighting water supply and cooling system is installed inside the equipment carrying the battery pack.

[0118] In another preferred embodiment, the fire water supply quick interface refers to a connection device that can complete the connection and sealing of water pipes with only simple plugging, unplugging, and rotating operations.

[0119] In another preferred embodiment, the exhaust spray head is located close to the outlet of the guide tube, and the dense water mist sprayed out isolates the air at the outlet of the guide tube, preventing the combustibles in the ejected material from being ignited or continuing to burn after contact with air, and rapidly cooling the emissions or flame smoke.

[0120] In another preferred embodiment, the fire-fighting water supply cooling system further includes battery pack spray nozzles located on the battery pack (e.g., the top or upper sidewall of the battery pack) to cool the battery pack by spraying water onto its surface.

[0121] In another preferred embodiment, the fire-fighting water supply cooling system further includes a water supply pipe for connecting the battery pack sprinkler head and the fire-fighting water supply quick interface.

[0122] In another preferred embodiment, each battery pack is provided with one or more water spray nozzles. When the temperature at the water spray nozzle of the battery pack rises to a set value, the water spray nozzle automatically sprays water to cool the battery pack.

[0123] It should be understood that, within the scope of this utility model, the above-described technical features of this utility model and the technical features specifically described below (such as in the embodiments) can be combined with each other to form new or preferred technical solutions. Due to space limitations, they will not be described in detail here. Attached Figure Description

[0124] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0125] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway-derived disaster control system based on an energy storage cabinet, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0126] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Longitudinal cross-sectional view of the horizontally mounted ejecta treatment device.

[0127] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA section diagram.

[0128] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB cross-section diagram.

[0129] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 CC section diagram.

[0130] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fire extinguishing ball in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0131] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection port at the junction of the access pipe and the battery pack in one embodiment of this utility model.

[0132] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the fire extinguishing packing and the top support orifice plate in one embodiment of this utility model.

[0133] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional view of the catalyst-inhibiting packing in one embodiment of this utility model.

[0134] Figure 10 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle discharge port (top discharge).

[0135] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway-derived disaster control system based on a prefabricated energy storage compartment, according to one embodiment of this utility model.

[0136] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vertically mounted ejecta treatment device.

[0137] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 DD cross-section diagram.

[0138] Figure 14 yes Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle discharge port (side discharge).

[0139] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system based on an electric minivan, as an example of this utility model.

[0140] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system based on an electric large bus, as an example of this utility model.

[0141] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system based on an electric large truck, as an example of this utility model.

[0142] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system based on an example of this utility model.

[0143] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system based on an electric bicycle / motorcycle, as an example of this utility model.

[0144] The labels in each of the attached figures are as follows:

[0145] 1-Battery pack; 2-Inlet pipe; 3-Ejection treatment device; 4-Guide pipe; 5-Swirl separator; 6-Discharge port; 7-Discharge port spray head; 8-Battery pack spray head; 9-Fire water supply quick interface; 10-Water supply pipe; 11-Collection box; 12-Combination pipe; 3a-Diffusive chamber; 3b-Merging chamber; 3c-Inhibition chamber; 3d-Extinguishing chamber; 3e-Discharge chamber; 3f-Inlet chamber; 3g-Discharge cooling chamber; 301-Outer shell; 302-Front end plate; 303-Rear end plate; 304-Cooling jacket; 305-Partition plate; 306-Merging pipe; 307-Coolant jacket; 308-Coolant interface; 31-Filter section; 311-Air outlet; 312-Sediment; 313-Merging flow hole; 314-Protective layer; 315-Filter layer; 31 6-Connecting hole; 317-Supporting foot; 32-Flame-arresting catalytic section; 320-Flame-arresting catalytic packing; 321-Solid structure area; 322-Flame-arresting catalytic channel area; 323-Locking blind hole; 324-Sealing gasket; 325-Flame-arresting catalytic locking element; 326-Flame-arresting catalytic locking groove; 327-Sealing surface; 328-Flame-arresting catalytic locking channel; 33-Fire extinguishing and cooling section; 330-Fire extinguishing packing; 33 1-Channel; 332-Shoulder; 333-Outer peripheral channel; 334-Top support orifice plate; 335-Extinguishing agent ball; 335a-Spherical shell; 335b-Gas chamber; 335c-Extinguishing agent; 336-Extinguishing and lowering locking element; 337-Extinguishing and lowering locking groove; 338-Flanged edge; 339-Hole; 61-Guide pipe opening; 62-Inner metal mesh; 63-Outer metal mesh; 64-Drainage pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0146] Through extensive and in-depth research and screening, the inventors have developed for the first time a control system for derivative disasters caused by thermal runaway in battery packs. This invention aims to address various derivative disasters, including fires and environmental pollution, caused by thermal runaway. It employs organized emission of thermal runaway ejecta, along with measures such as reduction, flame arrest, catalysis, extinguishing, and cooling, as well as fire-fighting water spray cooling. These measures prevent the ejected ejecta from burning or reduce its combustion intensity and the range of influence of flames and smoke, thereby avoiding derivative disasters caused by thermal runaway. This invention is based on these principles.

[0147] the term

[0148] As used in this article, ejected material refers to the substance ejected from the individual battery cell's explosion-proof valve during thermal runaway, and subsequently from the battery pack's explosion-proof valve; emitted material refers to the substance discharged from the emission port after being treated by the discharge pipe system. As used in this article, the Maximum Experimental Safe Gap (MESG) is an important parameter used to assess the explosion hazard of gases or vapors, primarily used to determine whether an explosive gas mixture will propagate or diffuse through a gap. It refers to the maximum gap through which a flame cannot penetrate a gas mixture under certain conditions, typically measured in millimeters (mm). When the gap width is smaller than this gap, the flame will not propagate through it, thus helping to prevent the explosion from spreading. MESG values ​​vary for different gas and vapor mixtures.

[0149] As used herein, the terms “shell” and “outer shell” are used interchangeably.

[0150] The main advantages of this utility model include:

[0151] Unlike existing battery pack explosion-proof valves that open directly to the atmosphere without any guidance or treatment measures for the high-temperature, high-pressure substances ejected after activation, which often lead to thermal runaway and subsequent disasters such as fires and environmental pollution, the system for controlling the derivative disasters of battery pack thermal runaway reduces, blocks, catalyzes, extinguishes, and cools the ejected high-temperature substances before guiding them in an organized manner to be discharged into the air above the equipment carrying the battery pack. The system uses a fire-fighting water supply cooling system to spray water at the discharge outlet and to cool the battery pack, as well as a cooling jacket to cool the ejected material. These measures can prevent the combustion of combustible materials in the emissions or reduce their combustion intensity, reduce the temperature and range of the flames and smoke, and reduce the toxic and harmful substances in the smoke, thereby preventing thermal runaway from causing derivative disasters or reducing their harm.

[0152] According to experimental data on thermal runaway of lithium-ion battery cells, the internal temperature of a thermally runaway battery cell can reach 800-1000℃. At this high temperature, components such as the positive electrode, negative electrode, separator, electrolyte, and aluminum current collector decompose, melt, and vaporize, resulting in ejected materials containing solid, liquid, and gaseous substances, with the solid material primarily consisting of solid particles. The stages and concentrations of different gases produced during thermal runaway vary. In lithium iron phosphate battery cells, H2 accounts for approximately 70% of the gas produced during thermal runaway, followed by CO2 at approximately 13%. The combustion of flammable ejected materials during lithium-ion battery thermal runaway typically includes the following categories: combustion of solid materials (e.g., graphite as fuel in the negative electrode material), combustion of liquid materials (organic electrolyte as fuel), combustion of gases (gas products from separator decomposition and other side reactions as fuel), and combustion of metals (aluminum current collectors and internal lithium intercalation as fuel).

[0153] Based on the analysis of the four conditions for flaming combustion (i.e., combustible material, oxidizer, ignition source, and uninhibited chain reaction free radicals during combustion) and the specific situation of battery pack thermal runaway, the battery pack thermal runaway derivative disaster control system has control measures with multiple functional segments.

[0154] The battery pack thermal runaway-related disaster control system has functional sections including primary interception, secondary filtration, flame arrestor catalysis, and fire extinguishing and cooling. The primary interception and secondary filtration sections intercept, filter, and adsorb solid and liquid substances of different particle sizes in the ejected material. Combustible materials are retained and prevented from being released into the atmosphere and ignited or further burned, thus reducing the intensity of combustion and the temperature of the flames and smoke. The flame arrestor catalysis section blocks the flame in the ejected material, preventing it from igniting combustible materials and producing high-temperature flames and smoke during emission. It also catalytically converts combustible gases (H2, CO, CH4, etc.) and toxic gases (HF, etc.) in the ejected material, reducing their quantity. This reduces the amount of combustible gas in the emissions, which helps to reduce the intensity and temperature of the flames and smoke after emission. It also helps to reduce the toxic side effects of high-temperature smoke and mitigate derivative disasters caused by toxic smoke. The fire extinguishing and cooling section uses fire extinguishing agents released by fire extinguishing fillers and fire extinguishing agent balls to extinguish flames and / or fire cores through complex physicochemical reactions and reduce the temperature of the ejected material. This can prevent the flames and / or fire cores from igniting combustibles in the emissions and can also reduce the pressure and velocity of the ejected material during emission, thereby reducing the range of influence of the flames and smoke.

[0155] It is worth noting that the extinguishing agent pellets in the extinguishing packing are released one by one as the extinguishing packing is eroded by heat. This can adapt to the characteristic of multiple eruptions when a single lithium battery cell experiences thermal runaway, and does not require a complex control system.

[0156] The cooling jacket of the fire suppression system is connected in series with the fire water supply cooling system. When external water supply is received, the fire water first flows through the cooling jacket and then sprays out from the spray head, thus carrying away heat and indirectly cooling and depressurizing the ejected material. In vehicle-mounted scenarios, when electric vehicles have a liquid-cooled drive motor cooling system, the cooling jacket can also be connected to this cooling system to dissipate heat in the event of thermal runaway. For prefabricated energy storage compartments equipped with automatic fire sprinkler systems, the cooling jacket is connected to the fire sprinkler pipes inside the compartment. When the spray head at the discharge outlet is activated, the fire water first flows through the cooling jacket.

[0157] By using various methods such as fire extinguishing packing and cooling jackets to reduce the temperature of the ejected material, its pressure is also reduced. This reduces the speed at which the material is discharged from the outlet, thereby reducing the range of influence of the high-temperature flame smoke.

[0158] The system for controlling the resulting disasters from battery pack thermal runaway uses an exhaust port to discharge the high-temperature flames and fumes generated by the flammable ejecta from the battery pack into the air above the equipment carrying the battery pack. This prevents the high-temperature flames from igniting the equipment itself and avoids affecting other combustibles within the flame and fumes' range, thus reducing the probability of secondary fires. For vehicle-mounted battery packs, the exhaust port is located at the front of the vehicle or on either side of the front fenders, discharging upwards. This reduces the probability of the flames completely destroying the vehicle and does not hinder evacuation and rescue efforts. For energy storage battery packs, discharging directly into the air from a high position prevents the flames and fumes from threatening nearby battery packs within the energy storage cabinet or prefabricated compartment, thus avoiding secondary thermal runaway. It also reduces the amount of combustibles within the energy storage cabinet or compartment, lowering the probability of deflagration or explosion within the storage cabinet or compartment.

[0159] The fire-fighting water supply and cooling system includes: exhaust nozzles, battery pack sprinklers, fire-fighting water supply quick connectors, and water supply pipes. The exhaust nozzles are installed at the exhaust outlet and automatically spray a mist of water around the guide pipe opening when high-temperature flames and smoke pass through, thus isolating air to suppress combustion and cooling the high-temperature flames, smoke, and exhaust outlet.

[0160] For mobile vehicle-mounted scenarios and fixed energy storage cabinet scenarios without built-in dedicated automatic sprinkler systems, in the early stages of thermal runaway, upon receiving early warning or detecting signs, the fire-fighting water supply cooling system can be connected to a nearby fire-fighting water system via a quick-connect interface to obtain a water supply for prevention and control. If there is no nearby fire-fighting water system or if it is not detected and connected in time, firefighters or professionals with specialized protective equipment can still quickly access the fire-fighting water supply or vehicle-mounted fire-fighting water system upon arrival at the scene, and then use the fire-fighting water supply cooling system for targeted cooling and fire suppression.

[0161] The battery pack sprinkler heads are positioned above the battery pack and automatically activate to spray water to cool it down when the temperature rises to a set level. This allows a portion of the fire-fighting water supplied via the quick-connect fire water supply interface to be directed to the battery pack experiencing thermal runaway, thus solving the problem of insufficient water coverage during firefighting operations due to obstruction from vehicle bodies, energy storage cabinets, and other equipment, preventing comprehensive cooling of the thermally runaway battery pack and hindering heat dissipation within the battery pack.

[0162] In mobile vehicle scenarios, when electric vehicles enter indoor locations such as underground parking garages, a temporary connection to fire-fighting water can be made via a quick-connect interface as a safety precaution. In the event of thermal runaway, the spray nozzles can automatically activate and spray as high-temperature flames and smoke pass through, significantly reducing the probability of secondary disasters, especially when unattended operation prevents timely detection and response in the early stages of thermal runaway.

[0163] For prefabricated energy storage cabins that have already been equipped with dedicated automatic fire sprinkler systems, it is not necessary to install a separate quick-connect interface for fire water supply; the spray heads and sprinkler heads can be connected to the automatic fire sprinkler system inside the energy storage cabin.

[0164] Installing a fire-fighting water supply and cooling system is an efficient and low-cost measure to prevent thermal runaway from developing into a fire, and can greatly reduce the possibility of derivative disasters.

[0165] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are schematic diagrams, and therefore the device and apparatus of the present invention are not limited to the size or scale of the schematic diagrams.

[0166] It should be noted that in the claims and specification of this patent, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0167] Example 1

[0168] refer to Figure 1-10 This demonstrates a battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system applied to an energy storage cabinet.

[0169] The battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system in this embodiment includes: a heat dissipation pipe system and a fire water supply and cooling system.

[0170] The guide pipe system includes an inlet pipe 2, a cyclone separator 5, an ejecta treatment device 3, a guide pipe 4, and an outlet 6.

[0171] The first end of the inlet pipe 2 is an enlarged diameter pipe section that is sealed to the outer shell 301 of the battery pack 1. The first end is an inlet cavity 3f, which contains the explosion-proof valve of the battery pack and provides space for the valve plate to move and for the ejected material to pass through. If there are multiple explosion-proof valves in the battery pack 1, there will also be multiple first ends of the inlet pipe 2. The second end of the inlet pipe 2 is collected by the converging pipe 12 and then leads to the ejected material treatment device 3 via the cyclone separator 5.

[0172] The cyclone separator 5 separates and intercepts solid and liquid substances with larger particle sizes in the ejected material, and is equipped with a collection box 11 to contain sediment 312.

[0173] The ejecta treatment device 3 includes, in sequence according to the ejecta flow path, functional sections such as a filtration section 31, a flame-arresting catalyst section 32, and a fire-extinguishing and cooling section 33. In addition, the ejecta treatment device 3 also includes a cooling jacket 304. The filtration section 31, the flame-arresting catalyst section 32, and the fire-extinguishing and cooling section 33 are arranged sequentially within a cylindrical outer shell 301. The inlet end of the outer shell 301 is closed by a front end plate 302, and the outlet end is closed by a rear end plate 303. A partition 305 is located in the middle. The filtration section 31 is located between the partition 305 and the front end plate 302, and the flame-arresting catalyst section 32 and the fire-extinguishing and cooling section 33 are located between the partition 305 and the rear end plate 303.

[0174] The filter section 31 is an enlarged-diameter hollow pipe section, in which the filter layer 315 divides the internal space of the pipe section into a diffusion chamber 3a and a confluence chamber 3b. The filter layer 315 consists of a confluence pipe 306 with multiple confluence orifices 313 and a breathable protective layer 314, filled with a fire-resistant filter core. When the ejected material passes through the filter layer 315, smaller solid and liquid particles are intercepted and adsorbed, and retained in the oxygen-deficient diffusion chamber 3a. This prevents combustible materials from being ignited or further burned upon contact with air after emission, thus avoiding the release of more heat and the generation of more high-temperature flue gas.

[0175] The ejected material filtered by the filter section 31 is collected in the manifold 3b and then flows to the flame-retardant catalyst section 32.

[0176] The flame-retardant catalytic section 32 is an enlarged-diameter hollow tube section containing a flame-retardant packing with numerous flame-retardant channels. The surface of these channels is coated with a catalyst. The diameter of the flame-retardant channels is smaller than the Maximum Experimental Safe Gap (MESG) for combustible gases, effectively blocking flames in the ejected material and preventing flames from igniting combustibles during emission. The catalyst attached to the surface of the flame-retardant channels catalyzes the conversion of combustible gases (H2, CO, CH4, etc.) and toxic gases (HF, etc.) in the ejected material into non-flammable and non-toxic substances such as CO2 and H2O. This reduces the amount of combustible gases in the emissions, helping to lower the intensity and temperature of the flame and flue gas after emission. It also helps to reduce the amount of toxic and harmful substances in the emissions and high-temperature flue gas, mitigating their harm to human health and the environment.

[0177] Preferably, the flame-retardant catalytic section 32's flame-retardant catalytic packing 320 is made of ceramic or metal.

[0178] The inlet end of the flame-retardant catalytic packing 320 is provided with an inclined sealing surface 327. The flame-retardant catalytic packing 320 is fixed at the inlet end by abutting against the inclined structure on the pipe wall of the flame-retardant catalytic section 32 of the shell. A sealing gasket 324 is provided between the sealing surface 327 of the flame-retardant packing 320 and the inclined structure of the shell to enhance the seal between the two.

[0179] The catalyst-resistant packing 320 is divided into a solid structure region 321 and a catalyst-resistant channel region 322. The solid structure region 321 forms supporting ribs to improve the rigidity of the catalyst-resistant packing 320. Multiple catalyst-resistant channels are distributed in the catalyst-resistant channel region 322, through which the ejected material flows. Locking blind holes 323 are provided in the solid region 321, allowing the catalyst-resistant packing 320 to be rotated and locked in place.

[0180] The outer casing 301 is provided with a plurality of radially protruding anti-catalytic locking elements 325 evenly spaced circumferentially. The anti-catalytic packing 320 is provided with an axially penetrating anti-catalytic locking channel corresponding to each anti-catalytic locking element 325. The anti-catalytic packing 320 is also provided with an anti-catalytic engaging groove 326 that is radially connected to the anti-catalytic locking channel 328 for engaging and fixing the anti-catalytic locking element 325.

[0181] During the process of assembling the catalyst-resistant filler 320 into the housing 301, the catalyst-resistant locking member 325 on the inner wall of the housing 301 is first aligned with the catalyst-resistant locking channel 328 on the outer circumferential surface of the catalyst-resistant filler 320. The catalyst-resistant filler 320 is then pushed into the housing 301. After the catalyst-resistant filler 320 is axially in place, the catalyst-resistant filler 320 is rotated so that the catalyst-resistant engaging groove 326 of the catalyst-resistant filler 320 engages with the catalyst-resistant locking member 325 of the housing 301, thereby axially fixing the catalyst-resistant filler 320 inside the housing 301.

[0182] The fire extinguishing and cooling section 33 is an enlarged-diameter hollow pipe section containing a fire extinguishing packing 330 (shaped like a honeycomb briquette) with multiple channels 331. A certain number of fire extinguishing agent pellets 335 are embedded within the fire extinguishing packing 330. The fire extinguishing agent 335c in the pellets 335 is a liquid (such as perfluorohexanone, formulated fire extinguishing aqueous solution, etc.) at normal temperature and pressure. The pellets 335 contain a vaporization space for the fire extinguishing agent, i.e., a gas chamber 335b. When the temperature exceeds a certain level, the shell 335a of the pellets 335 ruptures, releasing the fire extinguishing agent 335c. As the high-temperature, high-pressure ejected material passes through the channels 331 of the fire extinguishing packing 330, the gradual ablation and evaporation of the packing 330, and the release of the fire extinguishing agent 335c from the ruptured shell 335a, undergo complex physicochemical reactions to lower the temperature of the flowing high-temperature, high-pressure material (mainly gaseous at this point), thus extinguishing the flame and / or fire core.

[0183] The fire extinguishing packing 330 is cast with dry powder extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing packing 330 contains inorganic refractory fibers and has an integral moisture-proof layer on its outer surface. The outlet end is equipped with a top support plate 334 with holes 339. The top support plate 334 disperses the impact force of the ejected material on the fire extinguishing packing 330, allowing it to maintain its porous structure during ablation. The holes 339 on the top support plate 334 are concentric with the channels 331 of the fire extinguishing packing 330, and their diameter is larger than that of the channels 331. The outer periphery of the top support plate 334 has a flange 338 that extends from the bottom and flips to the shoulder 332. Each flange 338 has a extinguishing locking groove 337, which engages and is fixed to the extinguishing locking element 336 on the pipe section wall.

[0184] When the fire extinguishing packing 330 is assembled with the pipe section wall of the outer casing 301, the outer circumference of the side of the fire extinguishing packing 330 also has a protruding shoulder 332. The shoulder 332 is provided with a fire extinguishing locking groove 337 that cooperates with the fire extinguishing locking member 336 on the pipe section wall. When the fire extinguishing packing 330 is rotated, the fire extinguishing locking groove 337 and the fire extinguishing locking member 336 are engaged. At this time, the outer circumference of the fire extinguishing packing 330 and the pipe section wall are in point contact through the fire extinguishing locking member 336, which supports and fixes the fire extinguishing packing 330 and also forms an outer circumferential channel 333.

[0185] It should be noted that the number and order of the various functional sections of the convection tube system can be adjusted according to the emission characteristics of the individual battery cells, the battery pack capacity, and the requirements and capabilities for handling the ejected material.

[0186] The cooling jacket 304 is arranged around the outer shell 301 of the ejecta treatment device 3, and the cooling jacket 304 is provided with a coolant inlet 308. The cooling jacket 304 is connected in series to the fire water supply cooling system through the coolant inlet 308. When external water supply is obtained, the fire water first flows through the coolant jacket 307 between the cooling jacket 304 and the outer shell 301, and then sprays out from the spray head. The flowing fire water can carry away heat and cool and depressurize the ejecta.

[0187] In another preferred embodiment, for mobile vehicle scenarios, when an electric vehicle has a liquid-cooled drive motor cooling system, the cooling jacket 304 can also be connected to the cooling system to dissipate heat when thermal runaway occurs.

[0188] In another preferred embodiment, for a prefabricated energy storage compartment equipped with an automatic fire sprinkler system, the cooling jacket 304 is connected to the fire sprinkler pipe inside the compartment. When the spray head 7 at the discharge port is activated to spray water, the fire water will first flow through the cooling jacket 304.

[0189] The discharge port 6 is located above the equipment casing of the battery pack 1 without affecting personnel evacuation and fire fighting and rescue. The discharge port 6 can limit the discharge of thermal runaway ejected materials and flame smoke from the battery pack 1 into the air. In this way, on the one hand, the air can be used to cool the high temperature flame smoke, and on the other hand, the probability of there being combustibles above the equipment is small, greatly reducing the probability of the flame igniting the equipment itself and nearby combustibles, causing a derivative fire.

[0190] Preferably, the discharge port 6 is equipped with a sealing cover. When closed, the sealing cover prevents water and foreign objects from entering the drainage pipe system, and is pushed open by the high-temperature and high-pressure discharge in the event of thermal runaway.

[0191] In another preferred embodiment, for the energy storage battery pack, the discharge port 6 can be located on the top of the energy storage cabinet or energy storage compartment (e.g., Figure 10 As shown), and the high position on the back or side (assuming the door side is the front), this can prevent high-temperature flame smoke from being emitted into the energy storage cabinet or prefabricated compartment, which could lead to secondary thermal runaway of the adjacent battery pack 1, and prevent the accumulation of combustible gas in the cabinet and prefabricated compartment, which could cause deflagration or explosion.

[0192] The fire-fighting water supply and cooling system includes a fire-fighting water supply quick interface 9, a discharge outlet spray head 7, a battery pack spray head 8, and a water supply pipe 10.

[0193] The fire water supply quick interface 9 is used to quickly connect to an external fire water source to supply water to the exhaust nozzle 7 and the battery pack nozzle 8. The fire water supply quick interface 9 is located away from the high-temperature flue gas influence range of the exhaust outlet 6, making it a relatively safe and easily accessible location for operation.

[0194] In another preferred embodiment, for energy storage cabinets that do not have an internal automatic fire sprinkler system, the fire water supply quick interface 9 can be located on the front of the cabinet.

[0195] The exhaust spray head 7 is located at the inlet 61 of the guide pipe of the exhaust pipe system. When the high-temperature flame and flue gas flow through it and the temperature rises to the set temperature, it can automatically spray a mist of water around the inlet 61 of the guide pipe, which can isolate air to inhibit combustion and cool the high-temperature flame and flue gas and the exhaust port 6. The exhaust spray head 7 is connected to the water supply pipe 10. The exhaust port 6 is equipped with an inner metal mesh 62 and an outer metal mesh 63. The inner metal mesh 62, the outer metal mesh 63 and the exhaust port body 6 together form an exhaust cooling chamber 3g.

[0196] The battery pack sprinkler head 8 is located above the battery pack 1. When the temperature at the sprinkler head rises to the set temperature, it activates and sprays a portion of the fire water connected through the fire water supply quick interface 9 to the top of the battery pack 1 to cool it down.

[0197] In another preferred embodiment, each battery pack 1 is provided with a spray head for general coverage.

[0198] The method for controlling the disaster caused by thermal runaway of battery packs aims to use guide pipe 4 to guide the thermal runaway ejection of battery pack 1 to the outside of the equipment carrying the battery pack 1 and discharge it into the air. During the guidance process, the thermal runaway ejection of battery pack 1 is reduced, flame-blocked, catalyzed, extinguished and cooled. A fire-fighting water supply and cooling system is installed in the equipment carrying the battery pack 1 to spray and cool the discharge port 6 and spray the battery pack 1.

[0199] The system operation process in this embodiment is as follows:

[0200] When a single battery cell in battery pack 1 experiences thermal runaway, complex electrochemical reactions occur between its internal components, generating a large amount of gas and releasing a significant amount of heat. The heated gas generates high pressure, causing the explosion-proof valve on the battery cell casing to rupture, ejecting high-temperature, high-pressure substances including solid, liquid, and gaseous components. Combustible substances are ignited during ejection, producing high-temperature smoke and releasing even more heat. The pressure inside battery pack 1 rises rapidly. When a certain pressure is exceeded, the battery pack explosion-proof valve opens, and these ejected materials, in a high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-speed state, are guided through inlet pipe 2 to cyclone separator 5 for the first stage of separation and interception. Cyclone separator 5, similar to a cyclone dust collector, uses centrifugal force and gravity to achieve high interception efficiency for larger solid and liquid ejected materials. It also has a collection box 11 with a large capacity. For energy storage cabinets with a large number of battery packs 1, a large capacity is required under the most unfavorable conditions when there are many ejected materials.

[0201] After passing through the cyclone separator 5, the ejected material enters the ejected material treatment device 3, which includes functional sections for secondary filtration, flame arrestor catalysis, and fire extinguishing and cooling. The ejected material first enters the diffusion chamber 3a from the outlet 311 of the inlet pipe 2. On the one hand, the diffusion is slowed down, and on the other hand, the airflow in the diffusion chamber 3a is slowed down by mutual collisions, causing solid and liquid substances of a certain weight to gradually settle to the bottom of the diffusion chamber 3a. Some of the smaller solid and liquid particles enter the filter layer 315 with the airflow and are adsorbed in the filter layer 315, while the gaseous substances in the ejected material can pass through the filter layer 315 to the confluence chamber 3b. Then, the ejected material goes from the confluence chamber 3b to the flame arrestor catalysis chamber 3c, passes through the flame arrestor catalysis section 32 to the fire extinguishing chamber 3d, then passes through the fire extinguishing packing 330 to the discharge chamber 3e, and then through the guide pipe 4 to the discharge cooling chamber 3g of the discharge port 6, and then is discharged into the atmosphere outside the equipment.

[0202] In the ejecta treatment device 3, the filtration section 31 intercepts and adsorbs solid and liquid substances, with the vast majority of these substances remaining in the oxygen-deficient ejecta treatment device 3. The flame-arresting catalytic section 32's flame-arresting catalytic packing 320's flame-arresting channels can, on the one hand, block the flame in the ejecta, interrupting the combustion reaction; on the other hand, its surface catalyst can catalytically convert combustible gases (H2, CO, CH4, etc.) and toxic gases (HF, etc.) in the ejecta into non-toxic and harmless H2O, CO2, etc. The fire-extinguishing cooling section 33's fire-extinguishing packing 330 can extinguish the flame and / or fire nucleus in the ejecta flowing through its channels 331 and reduce its temperature. The ejected material has a high temperature, pressure and velocity. When it passes through the channels 331 of the fire extinguishing packing 330, the high temperature first melts the moisture-proof layer on the surface of the fire extinguishing packing 330, and then gradually erodes the channels 331 of the fire extinguishing packing 330. The dry powder extinguishing agent that makes up the fire extinguishing packing 330 gradually undergoes a physical and chemical reaction with the ejected material to extinguish the fire. The extinguishing agent pellets 335 embedded in the fire extinguishing packing 330 are gradually exposed to the ejected material. After reaching a certain temperature, they rupture and release the extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire.

[0203] After passing through the ejecta treatment device 3, the composition of the ejecta changes, and the temperature and pressure will decrease. It is then guided through the guide pipe 4 to the discharge port 6 for discharge into the air. At this time, the discharge velocity of the ejecta will also decrease, thereby reducing the influence range of the high-temperature flame smoke. At the same time, the air can also rapidly cool the high-temperature flame smoke.

[0204] When the fire water supply is obtained through the fire water supply quick interface 9 of the fire water cooling system, the spray head at the discharge outlet 6 can automatically spray a mist-like water curtain around the opening of the guide pipe 4 when the high-temperature flame and smoke flow through it. This serves to isolate the air, suppress combustion, and cool the high-temperature flame and smoke, as well as the discharge outlet 6. The inner metal mesh 62 and the outer metal mesh 63 at the discharge outlet 6 form a discharge cooling chamber 3g. The water mist sprayed from the spray head at the discharge outlet 6 will remain on the inner metal mesh 62 and the outer metal mesh 63, floating in the discharge cooling chamber 3g. This configuration, on the one hand, prevents the mist-like water curtain from dissipating due to wind and airflow, and on the other hand, retains water droplets to enhance cooling and save fire water. Moreover, the presence of the inner metal mesh 62 and the outer metal mesh 63 also makes it difficult for external foreign objects to enter the guide pipe.

[0205] To prevent water droplets from accumulating and entering the guide pipe 4, the inner metal mesh 62 is domed and arc-shaped. Most of the water droplets flow out of the pipe opening on the surface of the metal mesh. A drain pipe 64 is also provided at the bottom of the discharge port 6 to drain the accumulated water.

[0206] The water spray nozzle at battery pack 1 will automatically activate and spray water to cool down battery pack 1 when the temperature rises to the set temperature.

[0207] The cooling jacket 304 outside the ejecta treatment device 3 is connected in series in the fire water pipe. When external water supply is obtained, the fire water first flows through the cooling jacket 304 and then sprays out from the spray head 7 at the discharge port. This can cool and depressurize the ejecta while the spray head sprays and cools it, and at the same time, make full use of the fire water.

[0208] The exhaust port 6 is located on the top of the energy storage box and discharges into the air. Its flame and smoke basically only affect the air above. The spacing between the energy storage boxes can be appropriately reduced, so the total footprint of the energy storage system can be reduced.

[0209] Since the energy storage cabinet has a small capacity, it is generally not equipped with an automatic fire sprinkler system. When the energy storage cabinet is equipped with an automatic fire sprinkler system, the fire water supply quick interface 9 of the fire water supply and cooling system can be removed, and the relevant spray heads and cooling jackets 304 of the fire water supply and cooling system can be connected to the automatic fire sprinkler system.

[0210] Example 2

[0211] refer to Figure 11-14 This demonstrates a battery pack thermal runaway-derived disaster control system applied to a prefabricated energy storage module.

[0212] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, except that the number of battery packs 1 connected in this embodiment is greater, the ejecta treatment device 3 is vertically mounted, the fire extinguishing filler 330 and the cooling jacket 304 in the ejecta treatment device 3 are removed, and the discharge port 6 is a side discharge.

[0213] The prefabricated energy storage compartment contains a larger number of battery packs, typically divided into a certain number of battery clusters. Several battery clusters can share a single thermal runaway-related hazard control system to save on construction costs.

[0214] Since the prefabricated energy storage compartment is equipped with an automatic fire sprinkler system, the fire water supply quick interface 9 of the fire water supply and cooling system can be cancelled, and the relevant spray heads and sprinkler heads can be connected to the automatic fire sprinkler system.

[0215] Since both the fire extinguishing filler 330 and the cooling jacket 304 have relatively small fire extinguishing and cooling capabilities, they are suitable for providing limited initial fire extinguishing and cooling functions in mobile application scenarios without fire water supply. For systems equipped with automatic fire sprinkler systems that supply fire water to the discharge nozzles 7 and battery pack nozzles 8, enabling immediate fire extinguishing and cooling, both the fire extinguishing filler 330 and the cooling jacket 304 can be omitted.

[0216] The vertically mounted ejecta treatment device 3 is similar to the horizontally mounted ejecta treatment device 3, but differs in that the diffusion, settling, retention, and confluence mechanisms of the filter section 31 differ due to gravity. For the vertically mounted ejecta treatment device 3, the ejecta enters the diffusion chamber 3a from the exhaust port on the guide pipe 4 from bottom to top, then passes through the filter layer 315 to the outer confluence chamber 3b, and then enters the catalytic reduction chamber 3c through the connecting hole 316 on the partition plate 305. The partition plate 305 is fixed to the outer casing 301 by support feet 317. The airflow from multiple directions collides and decelerates within the diffusion chamber 3a, where some solid and liquid substances are adsorbed onto the filter layer 315, while others gradually deposit at the bottom of the diffusion chamber 3a under gravity.

[0217] The inner metal mesh 62 of the side discharge outlet 6 is flat, and there is no possibility of water accumulating and entering the guide pipe 4. At this time, the drain pipe 64 is cancelled.

[0218] Example 3

[0219] refer to Figure 15 This demonstrates a battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system applied to an electric minivan.

[0220] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, except that the coolant in the cooling jacket 304 is connected to the liquid cooling system of the drive motor, the discharge port 6 is on the top of the rear compartment of the cab, and the fire water supply quick interface 9 is on the right side of the vehicle body.

[0221] Moving vehicles may not always be able to obtain external fire water sources through the fire water supply quick interface 9. When the vehicle already has a liquid cooling system for its drive motor, the coolant in the cooling jacket 304 is connected to this system. Figure 15 (Not shown in the text) and controlled by the battery BMS system, it can automatically intervene to dissipate heat and cool down, try to avoid or delay the flame combustion at the emission port 6, and reduce the impact range of the flame smoke.

[0222] Since the side and rear of the van need to carry goods in and out, the exhaust port 6 is located on the top of the front of the van, so as not to affect personnel evacuation and fire fighting and rescue.

[0223] Since vehicles in my country drive on the right, a quick-connect fire hydrant 9 is installed on the right side of the vehicle for easy firefighting, and the quick-connect fire hydrant 9 should be located away from both the exhaust outlet 6 and the battery pack 1. Because the lower side space of a van is less restricted, the quick-connect fire hydrant 9 is located on the lower right side of the vehicle for easy firefighting.

[0224] Example 4

[0225] refer to Figure 16 This paper demonstrates a battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system applied to electric large buses.

[0226] This embodiment is similar to embodiment 3, except that in this embodiment, the exhaust port 6 is located at the top of the rear of the vehicle, and the fire water supply quick interface 9 is located at the rear right side of the vehicle.

[0227] Since passengers need to get on and off the bus at the front and middle of the right side of the vehicle, placing the exhaust outlet 6 at a high position at the rear of the vehicle will not affect personnel evacuation and fire fighting and rescue.

[0228] Since vehicles in my country drive on the right, a quick-connect fire water supply interface is installed on the rear right side of the vehicle to facilitate fire fighting, and the pipeline is short.

[0229] Example 5

[0230] refer to Figure 17 This demonstrates a battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system applied to an electric large truck.

[0231] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, except that the coolant in the cooling jacket 304 is connected to the liquid cooling system of the drive motor, and the fire water supply quick interface 9 is located on the right side of the battery box.

[0232] Since mobile vehicles may not always have access to external fire-fighting water sources, when the vehicle already has a liquid cooling system for its drive motor, the coolant in the cooling jacket 304 should be connected to this system. Figure 17 (Not shown in the text) and controlled by the battery BMS system, it can automatically intervene to dissipate heat and cool down, try to avoid or delay the flame combustion at the emission port 6, and reduce the impact range of the flame smoke.

[0233] Due to their high power, electric large trucks require large battery capacities. Instead of being installed under the truck, the battery box is mounted on the frame behind the cab, essentially functioning as a mobile energy storage unit. A quick-connect fire hydrant (number 9) is located on the right side of the battery box for easy fire suppression, with a short piping configuration.

[0234] Example 6

[0235] refer to Figure 18 This paper illustrates a battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system applied to electric mini-cars.

[0236] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 3, except that this embodiment does not include a cyclone separator 5, and the discharge port 6 is located on the top of the vehicle front, while the fire water supply quick interface 9 is located at the front wheel fender.

[0237] Due to space constraints, electric mini-cars with small battery packs may not require a cyclone separator 5 and can instead increase the volume of the filter section 31.

[0238] The exhaust outlet 6 is located on the top of the front of the vehicle, away from the doors, so as not to affect personnel evacuation and fire rescue. The fire water supply quick interface 9 is located on the right front wheel fender for easy fire fighting, and the pipeline is short.

[0239] Example 7

[0240] refer to Figure 19 This demonstrates a battery pack thermal runaway-induced disaster control system applied to electric bicycles / motorcycles.

[0241] This embodiment is similar to embodiment 6, except that it does not include a fire-fighting water supply cooling system, nor does it include an exhaust port 6, and the exhaust direction is diagonally upward from the rear of the vehicle. It also eliminates the cooling jacket 304 in the ejected material treatment device 3.

[0242] Due to space limitations in the installation of electric bicycles / motorcycles and the small capacity of battery pack 1, a fire-fighting water supply and cooling system is not installed. Because no fire-fighting water supply and cooling system is installed, no discharge outlet 6 is provided. The outlet of the guide pipe 4 discharges directly upwards and diagonally from the rear of the vehicle, making the probability of flammable materials being ignited within the area affected by the ejected material relatively low.

[0243] Since electric bicycles / motorcycles do not have a liquid cooling system, the cooling jacket 304 in the ejecta treatment device 3 has been removed.

[0244] All documents mentioned in this invention are incorporated herein by reference as if each document were individually incorporated by reference. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the foregoing teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to this invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack thermal runaway derivative hazard control system, comprising: The system comprises: a guide pipe in communication with the explosion-proof valve of the battery pack; and a discharge material treatment device arranged on the guide pipe; wherein the discharge material treatment device comprises a fire-retardant catalytic section for preventing the spread of fire and for catalytically converting combustible gases and toxic gases in the discharge material from the battery pack into non-combustible gases and non-toxic gases, the combustible gases including H2, CO and CH4, and the toxic gases including HF; wherein the fire-retardant catalytic section comprises a fire-retardant catalytic filler having a plurality of fire-retardant catalytic channels, the fire-retardant catalytic channels having a diameter smaller than the maximum experimental safe gap of combustible gases, the fire-retardant catalytic section being fixed in a shell, one of the shell and the fire-retardant catalytic filler being provided with at least one fire-retardant catalytic locking member protruding radially, the other of the shell and the fire-retardant catalytic filler being provided with at least one fire-retardant catalytic locking channel corresponding to the fire-retardant catalytic locking member and in radial communication with the fire-retardant catalytic locking channel, the fire-retardant catalytic locking channel being used for axially sliding assembly of the fire-retardant catalytic locking member, and a fire-retardant catalytic locking slot in radial communication with the fire-retardant catalytic locking channel and used for clamping fixation of the fire-retardant catalytic locking member.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The fire-retardant catalytic locking slot has an axial direction forming an angle of 0-12 degrees with the circumferential direction of the fire-retardant catalytic filler or the shell.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein, The fire-retardant catalytic filler is divided into a solid structure region and a fire-retardant catalytic channel region, the solid structure region forming a support rib, a plurality of fire-retardant catalytic channels being distributed in the fire-retardant catalytic channel region, and the discharge material passing through the fire-retardant catalytic channels; The solid structure region is provided with a locking blind hole, and the fire-retardant catalytic filler is locked and fixed by rotating the fire-retardant catalytic filler through the locking blind hole.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The discharge material treatment device comprises a fire extinguishing and temperature reducing section, the fire extinguishing and temperature reducing section being provided with a fire extinguishing filler having a plurality of channels, the channels of the fire extinguishing filler having the same axial direction as the axial direction of the discharge material treatment device, the fire extinguishing filler being arranged in the shell, one of the shell and the fire extinguishing filler being provided with at least one fire extinguishing and temperature reducing locking member protruding radially, the other of the shell and the fire extinguishing filler being provided with at least one fire extinguishing and temperature reducing locking channel corresponding to the fire extinguishing and temperature reducing locking member and in axial communication with the fire extinguishing and temperature reducing locking channel, the fire extinguishing and temperature reducing locking channel being used for axially sliding assembly of the fire extinguishing and temperature reducing locking member, and a fire extinguishing and temperature reducing clamping slot in radial communication with the fire extinguishing and temperature reducing locking channel and used for clamping fixation of the fire extinguishing and temperature reducing locking member.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein, The outlet end of the fire extinguishing filler is provided with a top support hole plate having a plurality of holes, the top support hole plate being fixed to the shell, the holes of the top support hole plate corresponding one-to-one to the channels of the fire extinguishing filler, and the diameter of the holes being greater than the diameter of the channels.

6. The system of claim 4, wherein, The fire extinguishing filler is embedded with fire extinguishing agent small balls.

7. The system of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The discharge material treatment device comprises a filtering section, the filtering section being provided with a filtering layer, and the discharge material from the thermal runaway of the battery pack being filtered through the filtering layer.

8. The system of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The system comprises an initial interception device arranged upstream of the discharge material treatment device and in fluid communication with the guide pipe, the initial interception device being a cyclone separator.

9. The system of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The discharge end of the guide pipe is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port comprising a discharge port spray head, water being sprayed out through the discharge port spray head to cover the discharge material sprayed out of the pipe opening of the guide pipe; The discharge port further comprises an inner metal mesh covering the nozzle of the guide pipe and an outer metal mesh arranged on the other side opposite to the inner metal mesh relative to the discharge port spray head, so that the water mist sprayed from the discharge port spray head is retained in the space between the inner metal mesh and the outer metal mesh.

10. The system of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The hair spray treatment device comprises a cooling jacket, which is arranged around the outer periphery of the hair spray treatment device, and the hair spray is cooled by the flow of cooling liquid in the cooling jacket.

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