Ridging and compacting machine for greenhouse vegetables

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ridging and compacting machine for greenhouse vegetables. The ridging and compacting machine comprises a rack; the suspension mechanism is mounted on the rack and is used for hanging an agricultural tractor; the soil covering mechanism is installed at the front end of the rack and used for collecting and guiding soil to achieve uniform distribution, the soil covering mechanism comprises a soil covering disc, and the soil collecting amount and range are controlled by adjusting the angle of the soil covering disc; the soil leveling mechanism is mounted on the rack, is positioned behind the soil covering mechanism, and is used for leveling the soil collected by the soil covering mechanism and providing proper soil conditions for subsequent operation; the compacting mechanism is mounted at the rear end of the rack and is used for compacting soil into convex surfaces and concave surfaces, so that the compaction degree and the flatness of each convex surface are kept consistent, and the energy consumption is reduced; and the land wheel driving mechanism is connected with the compacting mechanism, provides a rotating torque for the compacting mechanism and drives the compacting mechanism to compact the ridge body.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a facility vegetable ridging and compacting machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] In facility agriculture and open field planting, ridging is an important link to improve soil structure and optimize crop root growth environment, and the soil water-holding capacity and the stability of the ridge can be improved through compacting. The existing ridging and compacting machines generally have insufficient operation performance, such as fixed tools that are difficult to adapt to different soil and crop requirements, and compacting mechanisms that are not suitable for the soil of facility vegetable greenhouses, resulting in unstable operation effect. In addition, when operating in a land block with high soil resistance, the energy consumption of the equipment increases significantly, and the efficiency decreases.

[0003] The existing ridging and compacting machines have complex overall structures, most of which are field operation modes and cannot adapt to the operation conditions of facility vegetable greenhouses. The efficiency is low, and the machine usually includes a fixed ridging knife, a ridging mechanism, a compacting mechanism, a transmission mechanism, etc. The function is single and the adjustment ability is limited, which cannot meet the diversified planting needs of facility vegetables. Most of the existing tools are equipped with rotary tillage knives to complete soil tillage, but the soil in the facility vegetable greenhouse has usually been pre-processed by a rotary tiller. Therefore, the structure of the rotary tillage knife is not suitable for the soil in the facility vegetable greenhouse that has been rotary tilled, so the device cost increases, the energy consumption increases, the failure rate increases, and the maintenance difficulty is large, which is not conducive to convenient use. For the consistency and consistency of the ridge surface, the existing compacting equipment often causes uneven compaction effect of the ridge surface due to the shape of the compacting wheel or the soil state during operation, which is difficult to meet the high requirements of facility vegetable planting on the consistency of the ridge surface. The compacting mechanism has insufficient function, and the compacting wheel is usually smooth or has a simple texture structure, which cannot well adapt to the soil hardness and ground surface conditions in the facility vegetable greenhouse, and is prone to cause uneven compacting effect and poor soil firmness, which brings difficulties to subsequent mechanical harvesting, especially in wet and soft soil, which is prone to compacting slip. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model solves the technical problem in the prior art, and provides a facility vegetable ridging and compacting machine.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a facility vegetable ridging and compacting machine, which comprises:

[0006] A frame;

[0007] A suspension mechanism installed on the frame, the suspension mechanism is connected with an agricultural tractor;

[0008] A soil covering mechanism is installed at the front end of the frame, which collects and guides the soil to achieve uniform distribution, and includes a soil covering disc, the angle of which is adjusted to control the amount and range of collected soil;

[0009] A soil leveling mechanism is installed on the frame behind the soil covering mechanism, which levels the soil collected by the soil covering mechanism;

[0010] A soil compacting mechanism is installed at the rear end of the frame, which compacts the soil into convex and concave surfaces, and each convex surface has uniform compactness and flatness; and

[0011] A ground wheel driving mechanism is connected to the soil compacting mechanism and provides rotational torque to the soil compacting mechanism to drive it to compact the ridge.

[0012] The facility vegetable ridging and compacting machine described above further includes a furrow opener installed on the frame in front of the soil compacting mechanism.

[0013] The facility vegetable ridging and compacting machine described above, wherein the soil covering disc is installed on a fixed support, the fixed support is installed on the frame through an adjusting fixed ring, and the angle of the soil covering disc is adjusted through the adjusting fixed ring.

[0014] The facility vegetable ridging and compacting machine described above, wherein the adjusting fixed ring includes a fixed plate and a perforated round pipe with welded nuts, and the fixed support is fixed on the welded nuts of the perforated round pipe through bolts.

[0015] The facility vegetable ridging and compacting machine described above, wherein the amount of soil collected by the soil covering mechanism is Q=k·ρ·S·V m ;

[0016] wherein Q is the amount of soil collected by the soil covering disc, with a unit of kg / s, k is the efficiency coefficient of the soil covering disc, which is affected by the inclination angle θ and the friction coefficient μ of the soil covering disc, ρ is the soil density with a unit of kg / m 3 , S is the effective action area of the soil covering disc, S=π·R 2 ·sinθ, V m is the forward speed of the machine, with a unit of m / s.

[0017] The facility vegetable ridging and compacting machine described above, wherein the soil leveling mechanism includes a soil leveling plate, which includes a soil leveling plate surface, a soil scraping plate, and an adjusting lug, the soil scraping plate is connected to the soil leveling plate surface and is perpendicular to the soil leveling plate surface, the soil leveling plate surface and the soil scraping plate cooperate to push the soil flat, and the adjusting lug is provided on the soil scraping plate and is hinged to the frame.

[0018] The ridge forming and compacting machine for facility vegetables, wherein the land leveling mechanism further comprises an adjusting screw rod, and the land leveling mechanism adjusts the inclination angle and working depth of the land leveling plate through the adjusting screw rod.

[0019] The ridge forming and compacting machine for facility vegetables, wherein the furrow opener comprises an adjusting frame, a furrow forming column and left and right symmetrical furrow forming shovels, the furrow forming column is installed on the frame through the adjusting frame, the furrow forming shovels are installed at the lower ends of the furrow forming column, and the adjusting frame controls the furrow forming depth according to the working requirement.

[0020] The ridge forming and compacting machine for facility vegetables, wherein the furrow forming shovels are made of wear-resistant material.

[0021] The ridge forming and compacting machine for facility vegetables, wherein the compacting mechanism comprises a connecting frame, a compacting roller, compacting end discs, a compacting shaft head and a hydraulic cylinder, the compacting end discs are arranged at the two ends of the compacting roller, the two ends of the compacting roller are installed and supported on the connecting frame through the compacting shaft head, the ground wheel driving mechanism is connected with the compacting shaft head through chain transmission, the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the connecting frame and the frame respectively, and the roller surface of the compacting roller is uniformly provided with a plurality of tooth-shaped structures for forming the convex surface and the concave surface.

[0022] The technical effect of the utility model lies in:

[0023] The utility model discloses a ridge forming and compacting machine for facility vegetables, which does not need rotary tillage knives, optimizes energy utilization, simplifies the structure of machines and tools, reduces equipment cost and use difficulty, and is more suitable for the actual demand of facility vegetable cultivation environment.

[0024] The utility model will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments, but not as the limitation of the utility model. DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is structure schematic diagram of the earth covering mechanism of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 It is earth covering disc angle adjusting schematic view of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 It is land leveling plate structure schematic view of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5The utility model discloses a flat soil board angle adjusting schematic view of one embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 The utility discloses a furrow opener structure schematic view of one embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 The utility discloses a pressing mechanism structure schematic view of one embodiment of the utility model.

[0032] Among them, the reference sign

[0033] 1 suspension mechanism

[0034] 2 covering mechanism

[0035] 21 fixed support

[0036] 22 adjusting fixed ring

[0037] 23 covering disc

[0038] 3 flat soil mechanism

[0039] 31 adjusting lead screw

[0040] 32 flat soil board

[0041] 321 flat soil board surface

[0042] 322 scraping board

[0043] 323 adjusting lifting lug

[0044] 4 furrow opener

[0045] 41 adjusting frame

[0046] 42 furrow upright

[0047] 43 furrow shovel

[0048] 5 pressing mechanism

[0049] 51 pressing roller

[0050] 52 pressing end disc

[0051] 53 pressing shaft head

[0052] 54 hydraulic cylinder

[0053] 55 connecting frame

[0054] 6 land wheel driving mechanism

[0055] 7 rack DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The structure principle and working principle of the utility model are described in detail as follows in combination with the drawings:

[0057] Referring toFigure 1 , Figure 1 The facility vegetable ridging and compacting machine comprises a rack 7, a suspension mechanism 1 installed on the rack 7 and used for hanging an agricultural tractor, a soil covering mechanism 2 installed at a front end of the rack 7 and used for collecting and guiding soil to realize uniform distribution, the soil covering mechanism 2 comprising a soil covering disc 23, an angle of the soil covering disc 23 being adjusted to control the amount and range of the collected soil, a soil leveling mechanism 3 installed on the rack 7 and located behind the soil covering mechanism 2 and used for leveling the soil collected by the soil covering mechanism 2 to provide suitable soil conditions for subsequent ditching and compacting operations, a compacting mechanism 5 installed at a rear end of the rack 7 and used for compacting the soil into convex surfaces and concave surfaces so that the compactness and flatness of each convex surface are kept consistent and energy consumption is reduced, and a land wheel driving mechanism 6 connected with the compacting mechanism 5 and providing a rotating torque for the compacting mechanism 5 to drive the compacting mechanism 5 to compact the ridge body.

[0058] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 The soil covering mechanism 2 of the utility model is a structure diagram of an embodiment of the utility model, Figure 3 The soil covering disc 23 is installed on the fixed support column 21, the fixed support column 21 is installed on the rack 7 through the adjusting fixed ring 22, and the soil covering disc 23 is adjusted at an inclination angle θ through the adjusting fixed ring 22. The fixed support column 21 is used for supporting the soil covering disc 23 and ensuring that the soil covering disc 23 stably works during operation. The adjusting fixed ring 22 is bolted with the rack 7, the bolt is loosened during adjustment, the bolt is fastened again after being adjusted at a set angle, and then quick adjustment and fixation can be realized. The adjusting fixed ring 22 has the functions of fixing and adjusting the angle of the soil covering disc 23, comprises a fixed plate and a perforated round pipe of a welded nut, the soil covering disc 23 is connected to the fixed support column 21, the fixed support column 21 is fastened and connected to the welded nut of the perforated round pipe through two bolts, the bolt is loosened to adjust the fixed support column 21 to a required angle and fasten the bolt when the angle of the soil covering disc 23 needs to be adjusted.

[0059] The amount of the soil collected by the soil covering disc 23 is mainly affected by the inclination angle θ of the soil covering disc 23, the diameter D of the soil covering disc 23 and the forward speed V of the machine m, and soil physical properties such as density p, friction coefficient m, etc. The amount of soil collected by the covering mechanism 2 is preferably:

[0060] Q=k-p-S-V m ;

[0061] Wherein, Q is the amount of soil collected by the covering disc 23, unit is kg / s, k is the efficiency coefficient of the covering disc 23, affected by the inclination angle of the covering disc 23 and the friction coefficient m, p is the soil density, unit is kg / m 3 , S is the effective action area of the covering disc 23, S=π-R 2 sinθ, V m is the forward speed of the machine, unit is m / s. When the inclination angle of the covering disc 23 increases, the amount of soil collected gradually increases, but when it exceeds a certain range, the soil sliding phenomenon increases, and the collection efficiency decreases. The selection of the optimal angle θ needs to be determined in combination with the soil hardness, humidity and other characteristics of the work site.

[0062] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 is a structure schematic diagram of the land leveling plate 32 of an embodiment of the utility model, Figure 5 is an angle adjustment schematic diagram of the land leveling plate 32 of an embodiment of the utility model. The land leveling mechanism 3 of the embodiment comprises a land leveling plate 32, which comprises a land leveling plate surface 321, a land scraping plate 322 and an adjustment lug 323. The land scraping plate 322 is connected with the land leveling plate surface 321 and is perpendicular to the land leveling plate surface 321. The land leveling plate surface 321 and the land scraping plate 322 cooperate to push the soil flat. The adjustment lug 323 is arranged on the land scraping plate 322 and is hinged with the frame 7, so that it has a certain degree of freedom during operation to adapt to the terrain undulation of different plots. In order to realize the inclination angle and height adjustment of the land leveling plate 32 and realize the leveling treatment of the soil surface, the land leveling mechanism 3 can adjust the inclination angle and working depth of the land leveling plate surface 321 through the adjustment screw rod 31 to adapt to different soil conditions. According to the soil hardness and the running speed of the machine, the position and angle of the land leveling plate surface 321 can be optimized to ensure that the surface flatness meets the agronomic requirements. The adjustment screw rod 31 comprises a screw rod feeding pipe and a screw rod, which are connected with the frame 7 and the land leveling plate 32 through upper and lower hinge points respectively. Rotating the screw rod feeding pipe can lengthen the adjustment screw rod 31. Since the adjustment screw rod 31 is hinged on the land leveling plate 32, the adjustment screw rod 31 can drive the land leveling plate surface 321 to change its inclination angle when the adjustment screw rod 31 is lengthened or shortened. Adjusting the inclination angle of the land leveling plate surface 321 from the initial 90° to 30° can make the working depth change from deep to shallow.

[0063] During the operation, the soil is pushed flat under the cooperation of the flatting plate 321 and the scraping plate 322, so as to avoid uneven soil distribution or hindering the operation of the subsequent furrow opener 4. The flexible adjustment can be realized by adjusting the lead screw 31, so as to ensure the flatting effect under different operation requirements. The angle adjustment of the flatting plate 32 needs to consider the soil fluidity and the target flatness, and too small angle may cause soil accumulation, and too large angle may affect the flatting effect.

[0064] Referring to Figure 6 , Figure 6 The structure schematic diagram of the furrow opener 4 in an embodiment of the utility model. In the embodiment, the furrow opener 4 is installed on the frame 7 and located in front of the pressing mechanism 5, is used for providing a good operation basis for the subsequent gear-shaped pressing mechanism 5, opens a groove with a set depth and shape, makes the pressing mechanism 5 more easily contact with the soil and apply pressure, so as to ensure the flatness after pressing, reduce the pressing resistance, improve the operation efficiency and reduce the operation energy consumption. The furrow opener 4 includes an adjusting frame 41, a furrow column 42 and left and right symmetrical furrow shovels 43, the furrow column 42 is installed on the frame 7 through the adjusting frame 41, the furrow shovels 43 are installed at the lower end of the furrow column 42, and the adjusting frame 41 is used for controlling the furrowing depth according to the operation requirement, so as to ensure that the shape of the groove is accurately matched with the tooth-shaped concave surface of the pressing roller 51. The furrow shovels 43 are wear-resistant material pieces, can be composed of two rhombic high-manganese wear-resistant steel plates in the vertical wing structure, the tail part is higher than the head part, forms an upward shape, can effectively guide the cut soil to move to both sides of the groove, and avoid soil accumulation in the groove. The furrow shovels 43 can reduce the soil resistance, improve the operation efficiency, reduce the power consumption of the tractor and optimize the overall operation performance. During the operation, the furrow shovels 43 are driven by the tractor to advance the machine tool, and the furrow shovels 43 are deeply inserted into the soil to perform the furrowing operation. The furrow opener 4 cooperates with the gear-shaped pressing mechanism 5, the shape of the groove opened by the furrow opener 4 is optimized, so that the tooth-shaped concave surface of the pressing roller 51 can more smoothly embed into the soil to perform the operation. In the cooperative operation with the pressing mechanism 5, since the groove opened by the furrow opener 4 can reduce the pressing resistance and operation energy consumption, effectively avoids the hindering of soil accumulation to pressing, improves the pressure distribution of the pressing mechanism 5 on the bottom of the groove, and improves the pressing effect and the soil compaction quality.

[0065] Referring to Figure 7 , Figure 7The utility model discloses a structure schematic drawing of the pressing mechanism 5 of one embodiment. The pressing mechanism 5 of the embodiment includes connecting frame 55, the pressing roller 51, the pressing end disc 52, the pressing shaft head 53 and the hydraulic cylinder 54, the pressing end disc 52 is arranged at both ends of the pressing roller 51, both ends of the pressing roller 51 are installed and supported on the connecting frame 55 through the pressing shaft head 53, and the ground wheel drive mechanism 6 is connected with the pressing shaft head 53 through chain transmission. The hydraulic cylinder 54 is connected with the connecting frame 55 and the rack 7 respectively, and is used for providing constant or real-time adjustable pressing force for the pressing roller 51, for example, the pressing force of the hydraulic cylinder 54 on the pressing mechanism 5 can be adjusted in real time by using an electric control system. A plurality of tooth-shaped structures for forming the convex surface and the concave surface are uniformly distributed on the roller surface of the pressing roller 51, and the compaction degree of the ridge surface and the soil air permeability are balanced by adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 54. The constant pressing force provided by the hydraulic cylinder 54 compacts the soil into a concave-convex cross-sectional shape, ensures that the ridge surface has good compaction degree and consistency, adapts to the hardness and compaction degree of the facility vegetable operation plot soil, ensures that the soil is uniformly compacted, the ridge surface is flat, and the problem of inconsistent pressing effect caused by uneven ground surface is avoided.

[0066] The v-shaped trench opened by the furrow opener 4 matches the concave surface of the tooth-shaped structure of the pressing roller 51 in width and depth, so that the pressing mechanism 5 can smoothly embed into the trench for operation. The stable pressure provided by the hydraulic cylinder 54 is uniformly distributed on the trench bottom and side wall, optimizes the pressing force distribution, and improves the soil compaction quality. The overall cooperative arrangement of the furrow opener 4 and the pressing mechanism 5 ensures the consistency and firmness of the ridge surface, significantly reduces the energy consumption, and meets the agronomic needs of facility vegetable planting. According to the agronomic standard, facility vegetables, especially leaf vegetables, need 300-500kPa of pressing force to compact the ridge surface, so the hydraulic cylinder 54 of the embodiment provides stable 300-500kPa pressing force, so that the pressing mechanism 5 is in close contact with the soil surface, and continuous compaction is realized by the contact between the tooth top of the tooth-shaped structure of the pressing roller 51 and the trench. The ground wheel drives the pressing roller 51 to rotate through the transmission sprocket, ensuring that it can uniformly compact the soil during the advancing process. In order to achieve the best compaction effect, the relationship between soil compaction degree and pressing force in the pressing mechanism 5 needs to be considered as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Wherein, D c is the pressing force, the unit is kPa; F is the vertical force provided by the hydraulic cylinder 54, the unit is N; A is the projection area of the tooth-shaped structure of the pressing roller 51 in contact with the soil, the unit is m 2The roller 51 is optimized according to the parameters required by the facility vegetable ridge surface to ensure the uniform compaction effect of the soil surface. To adapt to different soil types, the roller mechanism 5 can also adjust the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 54 to ensure that the ridge surface reaches a balance between compaction degree and soil permeability, meeting the agronomic requirements of facility vegetables.

[0069] In operation, the facility vegetable ridging and rolling machine is hung on an agricultural tractor through the suspension mechanism 1, and starts to work after being started. During operation, the tractor drives the facility vegetable ridging and rolling machine to advance, the covering mechanism 2 collects and transports soil to the soil leveling plate 32, the soil leveling plate 32 uniformly levels the soil, the furrow opener 4 completes the furrowing operation to reduce the rolling resistance, then the hydraulic cylinder 54 provides sufficient rolling pressure, and the ground wheel driving mechanism 6 provides rotary torque for the rolling mechanism 5 through the chain wheel transmission to drive the rolling mechanism 5 to compact the ridge, completing the integrated operation of ridging and rolling. One operation can complete covering, leveling, furrowing and rolling, which is efficient and meets the agronomic requirements, providing a good working environment for subsequent mechanical harvesting.

[0070] In this embodiment, the facility vegetable ridging and rolling machine is hung on an agricultural tractor through the suspension mechanism 1, and starts to work after being started; the tractor drives the facility vegetable ridging and rolling machine to advance, the covering mechanism 2 collects and transports soil according to the set soil amount; the soil leveling mechanism 3 uniformly levels the soil collected and transported by the covering mechanism 2, the furrow opener 4 opens a trench of a set depth and shape to reduce the rolling resistance and operation energy consumption; and the ground wheel driving mechanism 6 drives the rolling mechanism 5 to compact the soil into convex and concave surfaces under constant rolling pressure or real-time adjusted rolling pressure, so that the compaction degree and flatness of each convex surface are consistent and energy consumption is reduced, completing the integrated operation of ridging and rolling.

[0071] Under the conditions of uniform working environment, consistent soil properties, stable trench depth and shape, constant rolling pressure is adopted to ensure the working efficiency of the rolling mechanism 5 and the uniform compaction degree of the soil, which is suitable for large-area, soil-consistent facility vegetable planting sites, and can simplify the operation and reduce the complexity of the equipment. Real-time adjustment of rolling pressure is used in complex soil conditions or variable ridge shape scenarios. The electric control system dynamically adjusts the pressure or flow output by the hydraulic pump according to sensor data such as soil hardness, trench depth and machine forward speed. The soil hardness sensor is used to detect the compression resistance, the depth sensor ensures the consistency of the working depth, and the speed sensor optimizes the rolling pressure according to the machine speed. Through real-time detection and adjustment of these parameters, the compaction quality and consistency of the ridge shape are further improved.

[0072] The higher the pressure provided by the hydraulic cylinder 54, the tighter the gaps between the soil particles are compressed, and the higher the compaction degree, but the air permeability decreases; on the contrary, when the pressure is low, the air permeability of the soil is enhanced, but it may not be able to provide sufficient supporting force. By adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 54, dynamic control of the compaction degree and air permeability can be achieved.

[0073] The relationship between the soil compaction degree and the pressure is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] wherein D is the density of the compacted soil, in g / cm 3 , D0 is the original soil density, in g / cm 3 , P is the pressure applied by the hydraulic cylinder 54, in kPa, and E is the elastic modulus of the soil, in kPa, which is related to the properties of the soil.

[0076] The air permeability of the soil can be represented by the porosity, which is related to the density as follows:

[0077]

[0078] wherein φ is the porosity, D is the current soil density, in g / cm 3 , D P is the density of the soil particles, in g / cm 3 , preferably 2.65 g / cm 3 ; by detecting and adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 54, the compaction degree D of the soil can be controlled, thereby indirectly affecting the air permeability φ.

[0079] The facility vegetables generally require a ridge distance of 120-150 cm, a ridge surface width of 110-120 cm, a trench bottom width of 20 cm, and a ridge height of 15 cm-20 cm. The ridge distance of the tooth-shaped structure of the rolling presser 51 is preferably 126 cm, the ridge surface width is preferably 110 cm, the trench bottom width is preferably 20 cm, and the ridge height is preferably 15 cm, all within the range of the agricultural standards. The rolling presser 51 is provided with a tooth-shaped structure to ensure matching with the trench bottom width and the ridge height, and the concave-convex tooth-shaped structure can reduce soil accumulation and enhance the trench compaction effect, thereby forming a regular ridge surface shape. The utility model is driven by the ground wheel, and the tooth-shaped structure of the rolling presser 51 divides the ridge surface into convex surfaces and concave surfaces to form a ridge surface similar to a rack, which can ensure that the firmness and flatness of each convex surface are consistent, and can reduce energy consumption.

[0080] Of course, the utility model can also have other various embodiments, and the skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the utility model without departing from the spirit and essence of the utility model, but these corresponding changes and deformations should all belong to the protection scope of the claims attached to the utility model.

Claims

1. A ridging and pressing machine for greenhouse vegetables, characterized in that, include: frame; A suspension mechanism is mounted on the frame and is connected to an agricultural tractor. A soil covering mechanism is installed at the front end of the frame. The soil covering mechanism collects and guides the soil to achieve uniform distribution. The soil covering mechanism includes a soil covering disc. By adjusting the angle of the soil covering disc, the amount and range of soil collected can be controlled. A soil leveling mechanism is installed on the frame and located behind the soil covering mechanism. The soil leveling mechanism levels the soil collected by the soil covering mechanism. A compaction mechanism is installed at the rear end of the frame. The compaction mechanism compacts the soil into raised and recessed surfaces, and the compaction degree and flatness of each raised surface are consistent. as well as A ground wheel drive mechanism is connected to the compaction mechanism and provides rotational torque to the compaction mechanism to drive the compaction mechanism to compact the ridge.

2. The greenhouse vegetable ridging and pressing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a trencher, which is mounted on the frame and located in front of the pressing mechanism.

3. The greenhouse vegetable ridging and pressing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The soil covering plate is mounted on a fixed support, which is mounted on the frame via an adjusting ring. The angle of the soil covering plate is adjusted via the adjusting ring.

4. The greenhouse vegetable ridging and pressing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting and fixing ring includes a fixed plate and a perforated round tube with a welding nut. The fixing support is fixed to the welding nut of the perforated round tube by bolts.

5. The greenhouse vegetable ridging and pressing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of soil collected by the soil covering mechanism is: Q = k·ρ·S·V m ; Where Q is the amount of soil collected by the cover plate in kg / s, k is the cover plate efficiency coefficient, which is affected by the cover plate tilt angle θ and the friction coefficient μ, and ρ is the soil density in kg / m³. 3 S is the effective area of ​​the soil cover, S = π·R 2 ·sinθ,V m The forward speed of the machine is expressed in m / s.

6. The greenhouse vegetable ridging and pressing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The leveling mechanism includes a leveling plate, which includes a leveling plate surface, a scraper, and an adjusting lug. The scraper is connected to and perpendicular to the leveling plate surface. The leveling plate surface and the scraper cooperate to level the soil. The adjusting lug is set on the scraper and is hinged to the frame.

7. The greenhouse vegetable ridging and pressing machine as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The leveling mechanism also includes an adjusting screw, which allows the leveling mechanism to adjust the tilt angle and working depth of the leveling plate.

8. The greenhouse vegetable ridging and pressing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The trencher includes an adjusting frame, trenching columns, and trenching shovels arranged symmetrically on the left and right. The trenching columns are mounted on the frame via the adjusting frame, and the trenching shovels are mounted at the lower end of the trenching columns. The adjusting frame controls the trenching depth according to operational requirements.

9. The greenhouse vegetable ridging and pressing machine as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The trenching shovel is made of wear-resistant material.

10. The greenhouse vegetable ridging and pressing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing mechanism includes a connecting frame, a pressing roller, a pressing end plate, a pressing shaft head, and a hydraulic cylinder. The pressing end plate is disposed at both ends of the pressing roller. The two ends of the pressing roller are mounted and supported on the connecting frame through the pressing shaft head. The ground wheel drive mechanism is connected to the pressing shaft head through chain drive. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the connecting frame and the machine frame respectively. The pressing roller has multiple toothed structures evenly distributed on its roller surface to form the raised and recessed surfaces.

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