Online coating and annealing equipment for flexible perovskite solar cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses on-line coating and annealing equipment for a flexible perovskite solar cell. The equipment is used for processing a substrate and comprises an outer cover, a plurality of guide rollers extending horizontally are mounted in the outer cover, and the substrate enters the outer cover from the outside and penetrates out of the outer cover after being turned by the guide rollers; the base sequentially passes through the position close to a first coating die head, the position close to a first hot air knife, the position between a plurality of first heating lamp tubes, the position between a plurality of first cooling fans, the position close to a second coating die head, the position close to a second hot air knife, the position between a plurality of second heating lamp tubes and the position between a plurality of second cooling fans, wherein the first coating die head, the first hot air knife, the first heating lamp tubes and the second cooling fans are all installed in the outer cover. According to the online coating and annealing equipment for the flexible perovskite solar cell, equipment for coating and annealing processes of an absorption layer and a passivation layer is integrated into one equipment, so that the equipment has multiple functions, the manufacturing cost of the equipment is reduced, and the risk that the absorption layer is in contact with water and oxygen is avoided to a great extent.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a battery field especially relates to a kind of flexible perovskite solar cell on-line coating and annealing equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Perovskite solar cell is the third generation thin-film solar photovoltaic cell using semiconductor material similar to perovskite crystal structure as light-absorbing material, with high photoelectric conversion efficiency, flexible preparation, low cost and other outstanding advantages, is the most promising solar cell.

[0003] In the process of preparing perovskite solar cell by adopting wet process, solution (composed of solvent and solute) is usually coated on substrate to form wet film, solvent is volatilized or evaporated through drying process, and solute is formed into required dry film through annealing crystallization process.

[0004] As a deposition technology verified in laboratory and can be scaled up, slot coating meets the requirements of low cost, high quality and large-scale production due to its high coating uniformity, low solution waste, wide coating viscosity and high throughput speed, and is adopted to prepare perovskite absorption layer and passivation layer, which are core functional layers of flexible perovskite battery. The passivation layer is used to isolate water and oxygen to protect the absorption layer, and repair the surface defects of the absorption layer to reduce the non-radiative recombination of carriers and ensure the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell.

[0005] In the preparation process of flexible perovskite battery, the annealing process of perovskite film layer also greatly affects the microstructure and light absorption performance of perovskite thin film, and plays an important role in the photovoltaic performance of the battery. Generally, thermal annealing is used to evaporate solvent, and the solvent is driven away from the thin film by heat, so as to realize the nucleation and growth of perovskite grains, and realize the crystallization of perovskite film layer.

[0006] At present, the preparation of perovskite absorption layer, the annealing of perovskite absorption layer, the preparation of perovskite passivation layer and the annealing of perovskite passivation layer are completed by separate equipment, that is, absorption layer coating equipment, absorption layer annealing equipment, passivation layer coating equipment and passivation layer annealing equipment are used respectively, and the investment cost of equipment is high.

[0007] In addition, perovskite absorption layer has poor stability, especially in water and oxygen resistance. When the surface defect site and grain interface of perovskite absorption layer contact water and oxygen, decomposition is easy to occur. By using the current process, the absorption layer will be in contact with water and oxygen for a long time before the preparation of perovskite passivation layer, which may cause degradation of film layer material and finally form defects in the film layer, resulting in poor performance of solar cell. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a kind of flexible perovskite solar cell on -line coating and annealing equipment, it is integrated into a device by the coating of absorption layer and passivation layer and annealing sequence of equipment, make it have multiple functions, not only reduce the equipment manufacturing cost, still by reducing the time of absorption layer contact ambient atmosphere between two processes interval, largely avoid the risk of absorption layer contact water oxygen.

[0009] According to an aspect of the utility model, a kind of flexible perovskite solar cell on -line coating and annealing equipment is provided, for processing substrate, it is characterized by: including a cover, the inside of the cover is equipped with multiple horizontal extension guide rollers, the substrate enters the cover from outside and is changed direction after passing each guide roller and is worn to the outside of cover;

[0010] The substrate sequentially passes the vicinity of a first coating die, the vicinity of a first hot air knife, between multiple first heating lamp tubes, between multiple first cooling fans, the vicinity of a second coating die, the vicinity of a second hot air knife, between multiple second heating lamp tubes, between multiple second cooling fans, wherein the coating direction of the first coating die and the second coating die and the air outlet direction of the first hot air knife and the second hot air knife are all towards the substrate.

[0011] At least one air inlet is provided at the bottom of the cover, and at least one air outlet is provided at the top of the cover, and a water and oxygen filtering device is provided at each air inlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the substrate is made of PET material. Its advantage is that the substrate is made of flexible material, and the surface is used for coating to form a film layer.

[0013] In some embodiments, each guide roller is wrapped around in a vertical plane, and the substrate enters and exits from the same side of the cover. Its advantage is that the setting position and effect of each guide roller are described, and can also be adjusted appropriately according to process needs.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first coating die and the second coating die are both slot coating dies, and each first heating lamp tube and each second heating lamp tube are both infrared lamp tubes. Its advantage is that the types of each coating die and heating lamp tube are described.

[0015] In some embodiments, each first heating lamp tube, each first cooling fan, each second heating lamp tube and each second cooling fan are arranged in two rows, and the substrate passes between the two rows. Its advantage is that the specific arrangement of each heating lamp tube and cooling fan is described, which can be used for heating and cooling the film layer on the substrate, respectively.

[0016] In some embodiments, the bottom of the housing is provided with at least one air inlet, and the top of the housing is provided with at least one air outlet. It is beneficial to provide the air inlet for air intake and the air outlet for air intake.

[0017] In some embodiments, each of the air inlets is provided with a water and oxygen filtering device. It is beneficial to provide the water and oxygen filtering device to remove water and oxygen from the air entering the housing.

[0018] In some embodiments, the water and oxygen filtering device is provided with a molecular sieve and a reactive metal. It is beneficial to use the molecular sieve to remove water and the reactive metal to remove oxygen in the water and oxygen filtering device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a side view of a flexible perovskite solar cell online coating and annealing equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a side view of a coating-related structure of a flexible perovskite solar cell online coating and annealing equipment according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 1

[0021] Figure 3 Figure 3 is a side view of an annealing coating-related structure of a flexible perovskite solar cell online coating and annealing equipment according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 Figure 1 is a side view of a flexible perovskite solar cell online coating and annealing equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] As shown in Figure 1, the equipment includes a housing 2, and each related structure is mounted on the housing 2 for processing the substrate 1. Among them, the substrate 1 is made of flexible materials such as PET, and the surface is used for coating to form a film layer.

[0024] Figures 1-3 As shown in Figure 1, the equipment includes a housing 2, and each related structure is mounted on the housing 2 for processing the substrate 1. Among them, the substrate 1 is made of flexible materials such as PET, and the surface is used for coating to form a film layer.

[0025] A plurality of horizontally extending guide rollers 3 are installed inside the housing 2, and each guide roller 3 is used to keep the substrate 1 in a normal fixed position during the process, and plays a guiding and supporting role. Among them, the substrate 1 enters the housing 2 from the outside, changes direction through each guide roller 3, and finally penetrates out of the housing 2, and corresponding openings are provided at the positions of entering and penetrating out. ​​

[0026] Preferably, each guide roller 3 is roughly encircled in a vertical plane to make the substrate 1 enter and exit from the same side of the housing 2. The position of each guide roller 3 can also be adjusted as required by the process.

[0027] Inside the housing 2, a first coating die 4, a first hot air knife 5, a plurality of first heating lamp tubes 6, a plurality of first cooling fans 7, a second coating die 8, a second hot air knife 9, a plurality of second heating lamp tubes 10, and a plurality of second cooling fans 11 are further arranged. The substrate 1 passes through the first coating die 4, the first hot air knife 5, the plurality of first heating lamp tubes 6, the plurality of first cooling fans 7, the second coating die 8, the second hot air knife 9, the plurality of second heating lamp tubes 10, and the plurality of second cooling fans 11 in sequence.

[0028] The first coating die 4 and the second coating die 8 are both slot coating dies, and the coating direction is towards the substrate 1. Meanwhile, the air outlet direction of the first hot air knife 5 and the second hot air knife 9 is also towards the substrate 1.

[0029] Each first heating lamp tube 6 and each second heating lamp tube 10 is an infrared lamp tube, and each first heating lamp tube 6 and each second heating lamp tube 10 is arranged in two rows, and the substrate 1 passes between the two rows. Meanwhile, each first cooling fan 7 and each second cooling fan 11 is also arranged in two rows, and the substrate 1 passes between the two rows.

[0030] In addition, at least one air inlet 12 for air intake is arranged at the bottom of the housing 2, and at least one air outlet 13 for air exhaust is arranged at the top of the housing 2 (two are taken as examples in the figure). A water and oxygen filtering device 14 is arranged on each air inlet 12, which can perform water and oxygen removal treatment on the air entering the inside of the housing 2, such as arranging a molecular sieve for water removal and a active metal for oxygen removal

[0031] When the device is used for processing the substrate 1, the operation principle and method mainly include the following processes:

[0032] S1: The substrate 1 enters the inside of the housing 2, and passes through the above-mentioned structures under the steering action of each guide roller 3, and at the same time, air that has been subjected to water and oxygen removal treatment by the water and oxygen filtering device 14 is introduced from each air inlet 12 to the bottom of the housing 2, and is exhausted from each air outlet 13;

[0033] S2: When the substrate 1 passes through the first coating die 4, the first coating die 4 is used to uniformly apply a perovskite absorption layer solution to the substrate 1, and the perovskite absorption layer coating process is completed;

[0034] S3: When the substrate 1 passes through the first hot air knife 5, the first hot air knife 5 is used to pass hot air to the perovskite absorption layer on the substrate 1, and the perovskite absorption layer pre-drying process is completed;

[0035] S4: When the substrate 1 passes through each first heating lamp tube 6, each first heating lamp tube 6 is used to heat the perovskite absorption layer on the substrate 1, so that the crystal grains of the two film layers are nucleated and grown, and the annealing crystallization process of the absorption layer is realized;

[0036] S5: When the substrate 1 passes through each first cooling fan 7, each first cooling fan 7 is used to cool the substrate 1 and the perovskite absorption layer thereon, so that the temperature is reduced to a specific temperature;

[0037] S6: When the substrate 1 passes through the second coating die head 8, the second hot air knife 9, each second heating lamp tube 10 and each second cooling fan 11 in sequence, the corrections in S2-S5 are followed, and the perovskite passivation layer solution is uniformly coated on the substrate 1, and the perovskite passivation layer is pre-dried, annealed and crystallized, and cooled;

[0038] S7: The substrate 1 after completing each process is guided out of the outer cover 2 by the guide rollers 3.

[0039] The flexible perovskite solar cell online coating and annealing equipment in the utility model mainly has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The absorption layer coating equipment, the absorption layer annealing equipment, the passivation layer coating equipment and the passivation layer annealing equipment are integrated into one equipment, which has the functions of absorption layer preparation and annealing and passivation layer preparation and annealing, and the equipment manufacturing cost is greatly reduced;

[0041] 2. The absorption layer preparation process and the passivation layer preparation process are integrated into one equipment, which greatly reduces the time of the absorption layer contacting the ambient atmosphere between the two processes, and greatly avoids the risk of the absorption layer contacting water and oxygen;

[0042] 3. By introducing "water and oxygen removal" air into the outer cover 2 in real time, the risk of decomposition of the absorption layer contacting water and oxygen is further reduced.

[0043] The above only describes some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the creative concept of the utility model, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A flexible perovskite solar cell in-line coating and annealing apparatus for processing a substrate (1), characterized in that: The base (1) enters and exits the outer cover (2) from the same side. The base (1) sequentially passes through the vicinity of a first coating die head (4), the vicinity of a first hot air knife (5), between a plurality of first heating lamp tubes (6), between a plurality of first cooling fans (7), the vicinity of a second coating die head (8), the vicinity of a second hot air knife (9), between a plurality of second heating lamp tubes (10), and between a plurality of second cooling fans (11), all of which are installed inside the outer cover (2), wherein the coating directions of the first coating die head (4) and the second coating die head (8) and the air outlet directions of the first hot air knife (5) and the second hot air knife (9) are all towards the base (1).

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized by: The base (1) is made of PET material. 3.The online coating and annealing apparatus for flexible perovskite solar cells of claim 1, wherein: Each of the guide rollers (3) surrounds one turn in a vertical plane, and the base (1) enters and exits the outer cover (2) from the same side. 4.The online coating and annealing apparatus for flexible perovskite solar cells of claim 1, wherein: The first coating die head (4) and the second coating die head (8) are both slot coating die heads, and each of the first heating lamp tubes (6) and the second heating lamp tubes (10) is an infrared lamp tube. 5.The online coating and annealing apparatus for flexible perovskite solar cells of claim 1, wherein: Each of the first heating lamp tubes (6), the first cooling fans (7), the second heating lamp tubes (10), and the second cooling fans (11) is arranged in two rows, and the base (1) passes between the two rows. 6.The online coating and annealing apparatus for flexible perovskite solar cells of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the outer cover (2) is provided with at least one air inlet (12), and the top of the outer cover (2) is provided with at least one air outlet (13).

7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the device is characterized by: Each of the air inlets (12) is provided with a water and oxygen filtering device (14).

8. The device according to claim 7, wherein: The water and oxygen filtering device (14) is provided with a molecular sieve and a reactive metal.

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