Desert and saline-alkali land treatment system
By preparing and remotely transporting coal gangue solid-liquid mixtures, the problems of high water consumption and environmental pollution in desert and saline-alkali land management have been solved, enabling soil improvement and efficient application operations, and providing an economical and environmentally friendly management solution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520177549.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-27
AI Technical Summary
Traditional methods for desert and saline-alkali land management suffer from high water consumption, high costs, environmental pollution, and insignificant soil improvement effects, making them difficult to promote on a large scale.
Solid-liquid mixtures are prepared using coal gangue and spread onto the surface of deserts and saline-alkali lands via a remote conveying system. The mineral elements in the mixtures improve soil quality, and the spreading is carried out efficiently using pressurized roll-up and unroll-down equipment and trenching spreaders.
This approach enables the resource utilization of coal gangue, improves soil fertility and physical properties, reduces environmental pollution, and enhances treatment efficiency and quality, aligning with the concept of sustainable development.
Smart Images
Figure CN223758719U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to desert and saline-alkali land management, and more particularly to a desert and saline-alkali land management system. Background Technology
[0002] Desertification and saline-alkali land are serious environmental challenges facing the world today, severely impacting ecological balance, land resource utilization, agricultural production, and human life. Desert areas, due to sparse vegetation, poor soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and frequent wind and sand activity, experience gradual land degradation, resulting in extremely low usability. Saline-alkali land, on the other hand, suffers from excessively high salt content, inhibiting normal plant growth, leading to large tracts of land abandonment, sharp declines in crop yields, and posing a significant threat to food security.
[0003] Traditional methods for desert and saline-alkali land management have many limitations. For example, in desert management, simple afforestation is often constrained by factors such as water scarcity and insufficient soil fertility, resulting in low survival rates and difficulty in forming stable vegetation communities. While physical sand control measures, such as sand barriers, can slow down wind and sand movement to some extent, their long-term effects on improving soil quality and the ecological environment are not ideal. In saline-alkali land management, commonly used water conservancy improvement methods (such as combined irrigation and drainage) consume large amounts of freshwater resources, and soil salinization is common over time. Chemical improvement methods may introduce new chemical substances, potentially causing negative impacts on the soil's ecological environment, and are also costly, making large-scale application difficult.
[0004] Coal gangue, a solid waste generated during coal mining and washing, not only occupies land resources when it accumulates in large quantities, but also causes environmental problems such as dust pollution, soil pollution, and groundwater pollution. However, coal gangue possesses certain characteristics that make it potentially useful in the remediation of deserts and saline-alkali lands. Coal gangue contains certain amounts of mineral elements such as silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, and magnesium. After appropriate treatment, these elements can provide nutrients to the soil and improve its fertility. Its relatively stable particle structure can increase soil porosity, improve soil aeration and permeability, and facilitate water infiltration and retention, thereby improving the harsh physical properties of desert and saline-alkali soils to a certain extent.
[0005] Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to developing a system for using coal gangue to manage deserts and saline-alkali lands. Utility Model Content
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model first provides a desert and saline-alkali land management system, including a coal gangue solid-liquid mixture preparation system set up in a first workshop, a coal gangue solid-liquid mixture application system set up in a second workshop, and a long-distance solid-liquid mixture transport rigid pipe system connecting the first and second workshops; wherein, the first workshop is set up at the coal gangue stockpile of a coal mine; the second workshop is set up in the desert and saline-alkali land to be managed; the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture preparation system includes a coal gangue crushing system, a reagent addition and solid-liquid mixing system; the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture application system includes a transport hose, a pressurized winding and unwinding system, and a towing hose.
[0007] Furthermore, in the first plant, the crusher crushes the coal gangue to obtain coal gangue powder, which is then added to the feeding hopper and conveyed to the storage tank via a conveyor belt. At the same time, various reagents are transported to the reaction tank, mixed and reacted, and then transported to the storage tank. Water is transported to the storage tank to form a coal gangue solid-liquid mixture.
[0008] Furthermore, multiple storage tanks are provided, and each storage tank is equipped with a stirring device.
[0009] Furthermore, at the second plant, the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture is transported remotely to the second plant via a pipeline system, and then the rigid pipe is replaced by a flexible hose. The flexible hose is connected to the trenching and spreading vehicle via a pressurized winding and unwinding device that can wind and unwind the solid-liquid mixture during transportation, serving as its towing hose. The trenching and spreading vehicle carries the towing hose to carry out trenching and spreading operations, spreading the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture pumped by a booster pump inside the hose onto the surface of desert or saline-alkali land.
[0010] Furthermore, the towing hose is installed on one side of the trenching spreader via a swivel joint.
[0011] Furthermore, the remote delivery rigid pipe system has a flushing pipe installed parallel to the solid-liquid mixed fluid delivery pipe, and flushing branch pipes connecting the two are installed at intervals between the solid-liquid mixed fluid delivery pipe and the flushing pipe, with flushing valves installed on the flushing branch pipes.
[0012] Furthermore, the flushing valve is equipped with a drive mechanism that enables instantaneous movement of the valve core: the drive mechanism includes a motor; the output gear of the motor meshes with a large gear; the outer end of a coil spring is fixed to the large gear; the inner end of the coil spring is fixedly connected to the shaft of a worm gear; the worm gear meshes with a small gear; one end of the small gear is connected to the valve core, and the other end is connected to a rocker arm; the rocker arm has four rod heads spaced 90° apart; the drive mechanism also includes at least one limiting block, which is provided with a limiting groove for accommodating the rod heads; the limiting groove has a front protrusion and a rear protrusion on both sides, and the height of the rear protrusion is greater than that of the front protrusion.
[0013] This invention prepares coal gangue into a solid-liquid mixture for desert and saline-alkali land management, and has significant technical effects in several aspects:
[0014] (I) Resource utilization of coal gangue
[0015] It effectively solved the problems of land resource occupation and environmental pollution caused by the large accumulation of coal gangue, such as dust pollution, soil pollution and groundwater pollution.
[0016] This has enabled the resource-based reuse of waste, transforming previously discarded coal gangue into resources for desertification and saline-alkali land management, which aligns with the concept of sustainable development.
[0017] (II) Desertification Control Effects
[0018] The mineral elements in coal gangue can provide nutrients to desert soil, improve soil fertility, and help vegetation growth.
[0019] Its stable granular structure increases soil porosity, improves aeration and water permeability, enhances soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and is conducive to the formation and stability of desert vegetation communities.
[0020] (III) Effects of Saline-Alkali Land Treatment
[0021] Coal gangue can neutralize saline-alkali soil, regulate soil pH, and create suitable conditions for plant growth.
[0022] Improving soil physical properties lays the foundation for vegetation restoration and agricultural production in saline-alkali land.
[0023] (iv) Advantages of solid-liquid mixture preparation and transportation
[0024] The first processing plant is set up near the coal mine to prepare solid-liquid mixtures, reducing transportation costs and the risk of secondary pollution to the environment from coal gangue.
[0025] The long-distance transport rigid pipe system ensures the long-distance transport of solid-liquid mixtures. The installation of flushing pipes and related flushing devices can prevent the accumulation of deposits in the pipeline and ensure smooth transport.
[0026] (V) Optimization of application operations
[0027] The pressurized winding and unwinding equipment works in conjunction with the trenching and spreading vehicle to synchronize the length of the towed hose with the travel of the trenching and spreading vehicle, ensuring continuous and efficient spreading operations.
[0028] The rotary joint is used to install the towing hose and for specific steering operations of the trenching and spreading vehicle, avoiding hose tangling and damage to the already worked area, reducing pipeline friction and minimizing the impact on the ground.
[0029] (vi) Advantages of the overall governance system
[0030] The system is comprehensively designed, covering the preparation, transportation, and application stages, with each stage working closely together to improve treatment efficiency and quality.
[0031] It provides an economical, environmentally friendly, and effective solution for the management of deserts and saline-alkali land, and has broad application prospects and promotional value.
[0032] The following will further explain the concept, specific structure and technical effects of this utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of this utility model. Attached Figure Description
[0033] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the anti-deposition solid-liquid mixed fluid transport pipeline system of this utility model;
[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view;
[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Composition diagram of the valve core drive mechanism;
[0037] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A view of some of the components;
[0038] Figure 6 This is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the connection between the pressurized winding and unwinding device and the ditching and spreading vehicle's towing hose. Detailed Implementation
[0039] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates several preferred embodiments of the present invention to make its technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.
[0040] In the accompanying drawings, components with the same structure are indicated by the same numerical designation, and components with similar structures or functions are indicated by similar numerical designations. The dimensions and thicknesses of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrary, and this invention does not limit the dimensions and thicknesses of each component. To make the illustrations clearer, the thickness of some components has been appropriately exaggerated in the drawings.
[0041] Using coal gangue to manage deserts and coal gangue mainly involves three steps: preparing coal gangue into a solid-liquid mixture near the coal mine, transporting the solid-liquid mixture to the desert or saline-alkali land remotely, and applying coal gangue powder to the surface of the desert or saline-alkali land.
[0042] Preparation of coal gangue solid-liquid mixture
[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, at the first plant 100, an excavator 104 digs coal gangue from a coal gangue stockpile 101 and puts it into a crusher 103. The crusher 103 crushes the coal gangue to obtain a coal gangue powder stockpile 102. The excavator 104 adds the coal gangue powder to a feeding hopper 106. The coal gangue powder in the feeding hopper 106 is then conveyed to a storage tank 111 via a conveyor belt 107. Simultaneously, various reagents 105 are conveyed to a reaction tank 110 for mixing and reaction before being conveyed to the storage tank 111. Groundwater collected by a deep well lifting device 108 is lifted to a reservoir 109. The water in the reservoir 109 is conveyed to the storage tank 111, forming a coal gangue solid-liquid mixture. In other embodiments, the water may also come from other sources, such as industrial water. Multiple storage tanks 111 can be provided, and stirring equipment can be installed in the storage tanks. The first processing plant 100 is preferably located near a coal mine. The coal gangue solid-liquid mixture prepared in the first processing plant 100 is remotely transported to the second processing plant 200 via a transfer pump 112 and a transfer pipeline system 300.
[0044] Long-distance transportation of coal gangue solid-liquid mixtures
[0045] To prevent the accumulation of sediments in the pipeline during the long-distance transportation of coal gangue solid-liquid mixtures through a 300-meter pipeline system, this utility model also provides a method such as... Figure 2-5 The diagram shows a coal gangue solid-liquid mixture transport pipeline system designed to prevent sedimentation.
[0046] like Figure 2-3 As shown, according to the anti-deposition coal gangue solid-liquid mixed fluid conveying pipeline system of this utility model, a flushing pipe 2 is provided next to the solid-liquid mixed fluid conveying pipe 1. The flushing pipe 2 is preferably set parallel to the solid-liquid mixed fluid conveying pipe 1, and contains a flushing fluid, generally water. Flushing branch pipes 3 are provided at intervals between the solid-liquid mixed fluid conveying pipe 1 and the flushing pipe 2. A one-way shut-off valve 4 is provided between the solid-liquid mixed fluid conveying pipe 1 and the flushing pipe 2. The one-way shut-off valve 4 is maintained in a normally closed state by a torsion spring 6. A flushing valve is provided on the flushing branch pipe 3. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the flushing valve has a valve core 5, and the valve can be opened or closed by rotating the valve core 5 by 90°.
[0047] like Figure 4-5As shown, to ensure the impact of the flushing water flow, this utility model equips the flushing valve with a drive mechanism that enables the valve core 5 to move instantaneously. This drive mechanism includes a motor 7. The output gear 8 of the motor 7 engages with a large gear 9. The outer end of a coil spring 10 is fixed to the large gear 9. The inner end of the coil spring 10 is fixedly connected to the shaft of a worm gear 11. The worm gear 11 engages with a small gear 12. One end of the small gear 12 is connected to the valve core 5, and the other end is connected to a rocker arm 13. In this embodiment, the rocker arm 13 has four rod heads 21 spaced 90° apart. The drive mechanism also includes at least one limiting block 14, but preferably two limiting blocks 14 are arranged symmetrically at 180° as in this embodiment. The limiting block 14 is provided with a limiting groove 22 for accommodating the rod heads 21. The limiting groove 22 has a front protrusion 15 and a rear protrusion 16 on both sides, and the height of the rear protrusion 16 is greater than that of the front protrusion 15. The limiting block 14 is telescopically mounted on the limiting block seat 19 via a spring 18 and a screw knob 17. The tension of the spring 18 can be adjusted via the screw knob 17, thereby adjusting the elastic force that needs to be overcome to retract the limiting block 14.
[0048] When flushing is required, motor 7 rotates, driving large gear 9 to rotate. As large gear 9 rotates, coil spring 9 is tightened and stores power, simultaneously applying torque to worm gear 11. Worm gear 11 then transfers the torque to rocker arm 13 via pinion gear 12. When the torque generated by coil spring 9 is sufficient to overcome the resistance of the rear protrusion 16 of limiting groove 22, rocker arm 13 disengages from limiting groove 22, rocker arm 13 rotates 90°, and rocker arm 14 overcomes the resistance of the front protrusion 15, re-entering the limiting position. Simultaneously, pinion gear 12 drives valve core 5 to rotate 90°, causing valve core 5 to open rapidly. This allows the flushing water flow from flushing pipe 2 to open one-way shut-off valve 4 and enter solid-liquid mixed fluid conveying pipe 1, forming an impact water flow to flush away solid deposits. When worm gear 11 rotates, coil spring 9 is also released. When motor 7 continues to rotate, the above process occurs again, and rocker arm 14 rotates 90° again, causing valve core 5 to close. Due to the self-locking of the worm gear 11, the drive mechanism will not reverse. The rotation of the motor 7 is controlled by a controller, and cleaning is performed periodically. The controller is networked and can be centrally controlled from a remote control room. Solar panels 20 can be used to power the drive mechanism. Multiple flushing branch pipes 3 with intermittently staggered valves can flush the sediment in the conveying pipe without significantly affecting the proportion of the conveyed medium. Because the coal gangue solid-liquid mixed fluid conveying pipe 1 and flushing pipe 2 of the conveying pipe system 300 need to complete long-distance transmission tasks, rigid pipes are preferred.
[0049] Application of coal gangue solid-liquid mixture
[0050] See also Figure 1 See also Figure 6The coal gangue solid-liquid mixture is remotely transported to the second plant 200 via a pipeline system 300, where it is then transported via a flexible hose 204 instead of a rigid pipe. The second plant 200 is typically located near the treatment area in deserts or saline-alkali lands. The flexible hose 204 is connected to a trenching and spreading vehicle 202 via a pressurized winding and unwinding device 201, which can wind and unwind the solid-liquid mixture during transport, serving as its towing hose 205. The trenching and spreading vehicle 202 carries the towing hose 205 to perform trenching and spreading operations, spreading the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture pumped by a booster pump 203 from the hose 204 onto the surface of the desert or saline-alkali land.
[0051] like Figure 1 , 6 As shown, during application, the trenching and spreading vehicle 202 reciprocates along the working direction w between the upper working line m and the lower working line n. Simultaneously, the pressurized winding and unwinding device 201 rotates its reel, ensuring that the length of the towed hose is synchronized with the stroke of the trenching and spreading vehicle 202. Furthermore, the towed hose 205 is installed on one side of the trenching and spreading vehicle 202 via a swivel joint. To prevent the hose 204 from tangling or damaging the already treated area during reciprocating operations, the trenching and spreading vehicle 202 makes a 180° turn each time it reaches the upper working line m or the lower working line n. This ensures that the towed hose 205 always travels in the same direction as the trenching and spreading vehicle 202 in the treated area, reducing friction and minimizing impact on the ground. The pressurized winding and unwinding device 201 also moves along the working direction w as the trenching and spreading vehicle 202 progresses.
[0052] The preferred embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of this utility model without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of this utility model through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims
1. A desert and saline land reclamation system characterized in that, The application relates to a coal gangue solid-liquid mixture preparation system arranged at a first work site, a coal gangue solid-liquid mixture spraying system arranged at a second work site and a solid-liquid mixture remote conveying hard pipe system connecting the first work site and the second work site; wherein the first work site is arranged at a coal gangue stockyard of a coal mine; the second work site is arranged at a desert or a saline-alkali land to be treated; the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture preparation system comprises a coal gangue crushing system, a medicament adding and solid-liquid mixing system; the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture spraying system comprises a ditching spraying vehicle, a pressure belt winding and unwinding system and a towed hose.
2. The desert and salinity land management system of claim 1, wherein, At the first work site, a crusher crushes coal gangue to obtain coal gangue powder, the coal gangue powder is added into a feeding bin and then conveyed into a storage tank through a conveying belt; meanwhile, multiple medicaments are conveyed into a reaction tank for mixing reaction and then conveyed into the storage tank; water is conveyed into the storage tank to form a coal gangue solid-liquid mixture.
3. The desert and salinity land treatment system of claim 2, wherein, The storage tank is provided with multiple stirring devices.
4. The desert and salinity land management system of claim 1, wherein, At the second work site, the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture fluid is remotely conveyed to the second work site through the conveying pipe system and then conveyed through a hose instead of a hard pipe; the hose is connected to the ditching spraying vehicle through the pressure belt winding and unwinding device which can wind and unwind the hose when conveying the solid-liquid mixture fluid, and serves as a towed hose of the ditching spraying vehicle; the ditching spraying vehicle carries the towed hose to perform ditching and spraying operation, and sprays the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture in the hose pumped by a booster pump on the surface layer of the desert or the saline-alkali land.
5. The desert and salinity land management system of claim 1, wherein, The towed hose is installed on one side of the ditching spraying vehicle through a swivel joint.
6. The desert and salinity land management system of claim 1, wherein, The remote conveying hard pipe system is provided with a flushing pipe parallel to the solid-liquid mixture fluid conveying pipe, a flushing branch pipe connecting the solid-liquid mixture fluid conveying pipe and the flushing pipe is arranged at intervals between the solid-liquid mixture fluid conveying pipe and the flushing pipe, and a flushing valve is arranged on the flushing branch pipe.
7. The desert and salinity land management system of claim 1, wherein, The flushing valve is provided with a driving mechanism capable of achieving instantaneous action of a valve core: the driving mechanism comprises a motor; an output gear of the motor and a large gear are matched; an outer end of a coil spring is fixed on the large gear; an inner end of the coil spring is fixedly connected with a shaft of a worm; the worm is matched with a small gear; one end of the small gear is connected to the valve core, and the other end is connected to a swing rod; the swing rod has four rod heads spaced at an interval of 90 degrees; the driving mechanism further comprises at least one limiting block, the limiting block is provided with a limiting groove for accommodating the rod head; the limiting groove is flanked by a front protrusion and a rear protrusion, and the height of the rear protrusion is greater than that of the front protrusion.