Laser processing head

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a laser processing head which comprises a shell, a shaping lens set, a wedge-shaped lens, a driving mechanism and a nozzle used for emitting laser beams, and the shaping lens set and the wedge-shaped lens are sequentially arranged in the shell in the propagation direction of the laser beams. The driving mechanism and the wedge-shaped lens are arranged in parallel at an interval, the driving mechanism comprises an annular motor, and the annular motor, the shaping lens group and the wedge-shaped lens are arranged on the same optical axis; wherein the wedge-shaped mirror is connected with a motor rotor of the annular motor, so that the wedge-shaped mirror can rotate around an optical axis under the cooperation of the motor rotor and a motor stator of the annular motor, and therefore, the working range of laser beams can be expanded; the driving mechanism and the wedge-shaped mirror are arranged in parallel at an interval, so that extra space is prevented from being arranged in the shell, and the size and the weight of the whole laser processing head can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to a laser processing head. Background Technology

[0002] Laser processing is a modern processing technology that utilizes the interaction between a high-energy laser beam and materials to remove, join, or modify the surface of materials through thermal or photochemical effects.

[0003] Specifically, laser processing generally uses a laser generator to produce a laser beam, which is then transmitted to a laser processing head. The laser processing head can shape the laser beam to facilitate welding or cladding. A typical laser processing head includes a shaping mirror assembly, a wedge mirror, and a drive mechanism. The laser beam passes through the shaping mirror assembly along its initial direction. After being collimated by the shaping mirror assembly, the laser beam passes through the wedge mirror. When the laser beam passes through the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge mirror, it deviates from its initial direction. After the angle is adjusted by the parallel surface of the wedge mirror, the laser beam exits the wedge mirror in a direction parallel to its initial direction. The wedge mirror rotates under the action of the drive mechanism, thus making the laser trajectory emitted from the laser processing head circular, thereby expanding the working range of the laser beam.

[0004] However, most current driving methods involve the combination of motors and gear assemblies, which increases the size and weight of the laser processing head, easily increasing the burden on operators or mechanical clamping equipment.

[0005] Therefore, the above problems urgently need to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser processing head that saves on the size and weight of the entire laser processing head.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A laser processing head includes a housing, a shaping mirror assembly, a wedge mirror, and a nozzle for emitting a laser beam. The shaping mirror assembly and the wedge mirror are sequentially disposed inside the housing along the propagation direction of the laser beam.

[0009] The laser processing head also includes a drive mechanism that is parallel and spaced apart from the wedge mirror. The drive mechanism includes a ring motor, and the ring motor, the shaping mirror group, and the wedge mirror are arranged on the same optical axis.

[0010] The wedge mirror is connected to the motor mover of the ring motor so that the wedge mirror can rotate around the optical axis under the cooperation of the motor mover and the motor stator of the ring motor, thereby deflecting the laser beam.

[0011] Preferably, the drive mechanism further includes:

[0012] A mounting frame, connected to the housing, has a propagation channel for propagating the laser beam, and the motor stator is mounted on the mounting frame;

[0013] The lens barrel is rotatably disposed inside the housing, the wedge-shaped mirror is disposed inside the lens barrel, and the motor actuator is connected to the lens barrel.

[0014] Preferably, the inside of the lens barrel is provided with a stepped surface that abuts against the wedge-shaped mirror;

[0015] The drive mechanism further includes a thrust member disposed inside the lens barrel and configured to keep the wedge-shaped lens in contact with the stepped surface.

[0016] Preferably, the thrust member is an elastic pressure ring, which is supported inside the lens barrel and abuts against the side of the wedge-shaped lens away from the stepped surface.

[0017] Preferably, the nozzle is provided with mounting holes, and bolts are fitted into the mounting holes with clearance, the bolts passing through the mounting holes and being screwed into the housing.

[0018] An adjustment mechanism is provided between the nozzle and the housing, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the coaxiality between the nozzle and the laser beam.

[0019] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of adjustment components, which are evenly distributed around the periphery of the nozzle, and any one of the adjustment components is configured to push against the nozzle to adjust the position of the bolt within the mounting hole.

[0020] Preferably, the adjustment component includes:

[0021] An extension plate, one end of which is connected to the housing, and the other end of which extends to the nozzle;

[0022] An adjusting nut is screwed into and passes through the other end of the extension plate and abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle.

[0023] Preferably, the shaping lens assembly includes a lens mount, a plurality of focusing lenses and a plurality of collimating lenses. The lens mount is detachably disposed inside the housing and has a plurality of spaced mounting slots. The plurality of focusing lenses and the plurality of collimating lenses are sequentially disposed in the mounting slots along the propagation direction of the laser beam.

[0024] Preferably, the laser processing head further includes a wire feeding mechanism, which is rotatably disposed on the nozzle and can be maintained in any rotational position. The wire feeding mechanism is used to deliver the welding wire to a preset position.

[0025] Preferably, a protective mirror is provided on the downstream side of the wedge mirror along the propagation direction of the laser beam.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0027] The laser processing head of this invention can control the wedge mirror to rotate around the optical axis under the action of the motor mover and the motor stator, thereby expanding the working range of the laser beam. Compared with driving the wedge mirror to rotate through the cooperation of the motor and gear assembly, setting the drive mechanism and the wedge mirror parallel and spaced apart can avoid setting extra space inside the housing, thereby saving the size and weight of the entire laser processing head. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser processing head in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the laser processing head in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle and adjustment mechanism in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 1. Shell;

[0035] 2. Orthopedic lens assembly; 21. Lens mount; 22. Focusing lens; 23. Collimating lens;

[0036] 3. Wedge mirror;

[0037] 4. Nozzle; 41. Mounting hole;

[0038] 5. Drive mechanism; 51. Motor stator; 52. Motor mover; 53. Fixture; 531. Transmission channel; 54. Lens barrel; 55. Thrust member; 56. Ball bearing;

[0039] 6. Adjusting mechanism; 61. Adjusting assembly; 611. Extension plate; 612. Adjusting nut;

[0040] 7. Wire feeding mechanism; 8. Connecting frame; 9. Protective mirror. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0042] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0044] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0045] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment proposes a laser processing head, including a housing 1, a shaping mirror group 2, a wedge mirror 3, and a nozzle 4 for emitting a laser beam. Along the propagation direction of the laser beam, the shaping mirror group 2 and the wedge mirror 3 are sequentially arranged inside the housing 1.

[0046] To improve the working range of the laser beam, the laser processing head also includes a drive mechanism 5 that is parallel and spaced apart from the wedge mirror 3. The drive mechanism 5 includes a ring motor, which includes a motor stator 51 and a motor mover 52, both of which are ring-shaped. The ring motor, the shaping mirror group 2, and the wedge mirror 3 are arranged on the same optical axis, that is, the motor stator 51, the motor mover 52, the shaping mirror group 2, and the wedge mirror 3 are arranged on the same optical axis. The wedge mirror 3 is connected to the motor mover 52 so that the wedge mirror 3 can rotate around the optical axis under the cooperation of the motor mover 52 and the motor stator 51.

[0047] Understandably, the wedge mirror 3 can be controlled to rotate around the optical axis by the motor mover 52 and the motor stator 51, thereby expanding the working range of the laser beam. Compared with driving the wedge mirror 3 to rotate by the cooperation of the motor and gear assembly, setting the drive mechanism 5 and the wedge mirror 3 in parallel intervals can avoid setting extra space inside the housing 1, thereby saving the size and weight of the entire laser processing head.

[0048] It should be noted that, to facilitate the propagation of the laser beam inside the housing 1, the housing 1 is hollow and has an inlet and an outlet. An optical fiber connection assembly is located at the inlet, and the nozzle 4 is located at the outlet. The laser beam can enter the housing 1 through the optical fiber connection assembly, sequentially passing through the shaping mirror group 2, the wedge mirror 3, and the outlet to perform laser processing on the workpiece. The nozzle 4 serves as a welding head for welding operations on the workpiece, or as a cladding head for cladding operations on the workpiece.

[0049] Furthermore, the drive mechanism 5 is positioned between the shaping mirror assembly 2 and the wedge mirror 3. Logically, the drive mechanism 5 can be mounted within the area between the shaping mirror assembly 2 and the wedge mirror 3 inside the housing 1, thus eliminating the need for an additional area for mounting the drive mechanism 5 and further saving on the overall size of the laser processing head.

[0050] Preferably, the drive mechanism 5 further includes a fixed frame 53 and a lens barrel 54. The fixed frame 53 is connected to the housing 1 and has a propagation channel 531 for propagating the laser beam. The motor stator 51 is disposed on the fixed frame 53. The lens barrel 54 is rotatably disposed inside the housing 1, and the wedge mirror 3 is disposed inside the lens barrel 54. The motor mover 52 is connected to the lens barrel 54. It can be understood that the motor stator 51 can generate a magnetic field around itself after being energized, and the direction of the magnetic field changes periodically with the change of current, forming a rotating magnetic field. The motor mover 52 is provided with a magnet, which can cause the motor mover 52 to rotate under the action of the magnetic field, thereby driving the lens barrel 54 to rotate, and in turn driving the wedge mirror 3 to rotate.

[0051] In addition, the lens barrel 54 is rotatably mounted inside the housing 1 via a ball bearing 56, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the lens barrel 54 during rotation.

[0052] Specifically, the mounting bracket 53 is barrel-shaped, the motor stator 51 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the mounting bracket 53, and the motor mover 52 is disposed outside the motor stator 51, and the motor mover 52 and the motor stator 51 are coaxially arranged.

[0053] In this embodiment, the interior of the lens barrel 54 is provided with a stepped surface that abuts against the wedge-shaped mirror 3; the driving mechanism 5 also includes a thrust member 55, which is disposed inside the lens barrel 54 and configured to keep the wedge-shaped mirror 3 abutting against the stepped surface. It is understood that the wedge-shaped mirror 3 can be clamped by the cooperation of the thrust member 55 and the stepped surface, thereby preventing the wedge-shaped mirror 3 from shifting during the rotation of the lens barrel 54, and thus preventing the laser beam from shifting during propagation, thereby ensuring the working quality of the laser processing head.

[0054] Preferably, the thrust stop 55 is an elastic pressure ring, which is supported inside the lens barrel 54 and abuts against the side of the wedge mirror 3 opposite to the stepped surface. It is understood that the elastic pressure ring and the lens barrel 54 have an interference fit. In practical applications, after the wedge mirror 3 is placed in the lens barrel 54, it abuts against the stepped surface. After the elastic pressure ring is placed in the lens barrel 54 and pushed to the position abutting against the wedge mirror 3, the elastic pressure ring, under its own elasticity, can prevent its position from changing, thus fixing the wedge mirror 3. This design facilitates the installation of the wedge mirror 3.

[0055] In this embodiment, mounting holes 41 are evenly distributed on the nozzle 4. Bolts are fitted into the mounting holes 41 with clearance, and the bolts pass through the mounting holes 41 and are screwed into the housing 1. An adjustment mechanism 6 is provided between the nozzle 4 and the housing 1. The adjustment mechanism 6 is used to adjust the coaxiality between the nozzle 4 and the laser beam. It can be understood that when installing or replacing the nozzle 4, the nozzle 4 is aligned with the housing 1, and then the coaxiality between the nozzle 4 and the laser beam is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 6. After the adjustment is completed, the bolts pass through the mounting holes 41 and are screwed into the housing 1 to complete the installation of the nozzle 4. This arrangement can avoid interference between the laser beam and the nozzle 4.

[0056] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism 6 includes multiple adjustment components 61, which are evenly distributed around the nozzle 4. Each adjustment component 61 is configured to push against the nozzle 4 to adjust the position of the bolt within the mounting hole 41. It is understood that when the nozzle 4 is aligned with the housing 1, each adjustment component 61 can abut against the nozzle 4. When adjusting the position of the nozzle 4, by pushing the nozzle 4 with one adjustment component 61, the adjustment component 61 on the opposite side can make way for the nozzle 4 and remain in contact with it, thereby adjusting the coaxiality between the nozzle 4 and the laser beam.

[0057] Preferably, the adjusting assembly 61 includes an extension plate 611 and an adjusting nut 612. One end of the extension plate 611 is connected to the housing 1, and the other end extends to the nozzle 4. The adjusting nut 612 is screwed through the other end of the extension plate 611 and abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle 4. It is understood that, under the action of the thread, the length of the adjusting nut 612 extending through the extension plate 611 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut 612, thereby pushing the nozzle 4 to move or making way for the nozzle 4. This arrangement improves the convenience of adjusting the coaxiality between the nozzle 4 and the laser beam.

[0058] For example, four adjustment components 61 are provided, which are distributed at 90° to the outer periphery of the nozzle 4. The adjustment nuts 612 of the four adjustment components are named the first nut, the second nut, the third nut, and the fourth nut, respectively. The first nut and the third nut are directly opposite each other, and the second nut and the fourth nut are directly opposite each other. When the first nut pushes against the nozzle 4, the third nut makes way, and vice versa. When the second nut pushes against the nozzle 4, the fourth nut makes way, and vice versa.

[0059] In this embodiment, the shaping lens assembly 2 includes a lens mount 21, a plurality of focusing lenses 22, and a plurality of collimating lenses 23. The lens mount 21 is detachably disposed inside the housing 1 and has a plurality of spaced mounting slots. The plurality of focusing lenses 22 and collimating lenses 23 are sequentially disposed in the mounting slots along the propagation direction of the laser beam. It is understood that the focusing lenses 22 can focus the laser beam, thereby adjusting the diameter of the laser beam, and the collimating lenses 23 can convert the laser beam into a parallel beam, maintaining the collimation of the beam, thereby ensuring the working quality of the laser beam. Distributing all the focusing lenses 22 and collimating lenses 23 within the same lens mount 21 facilitates the replacement of the focusing lenses 22 and collimating lenses 23 and further saves space inside the housing 1.

[0060] Furthermore, a protective mirror 9 is provided downstream of the wedge mirror 3 along the propagation direction of the laser beam. The protective mirror 9 can prevent dust and other contaminants from entering the interior of the housing 1, thereby protecting the shaping mirror assembly 2 and the wedge mirror 3 inside the housing 1 from contamination or damage, and thus improving the service life of the laser processing head.

[0061] In this embodiment, the laser processing head also includes a wire feeding mechanism 7, which is rotatably mounted on the nozzle 4 and can be maintained in any rotational position. The wire feeding mechanism 7 is used to feed the welding wire to a preset position. In practical applications, the wire feeding mechanism 7 is rotatably mounted on the nozzle 4 via a connecting frame 8, and a locking element is provided between the connecting element and the nozzle 4. The locking element is preferably a locking bolt. It can be understood that the angle between the wire feeding mechanism 7 and the nozzle 4 is adjusted by the connecting frame 8. When the wire feeding mechanism 7 is adjusted to the correct position, the locking element can lock the connecting frame 8, thereby preventing the wire feeding mechanism 7 from shifting during the laser processing head, and further ensuring the working quality of the laser processing head.

[0062] It should be noted that the wire feeding mechanism 7 is preferably a wire feeding structure in the prior art, which will not be elaborated here.

[0063] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser processing head, comprising a housing (1), a shaping mirror group (2), a wedge-shaped mirror (3) and a nozzle (4) for emitting a laser beam, the shaping mirror group (2) and the wedge-shaped mirror (3) being sequentially arranged inside the housing (1) along the propagation direction of the laser beam; characterized in that the laser processing head further comprises a driving mechanism (5) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from the wedge-shaped mirror (3), the driving mechanism (5) comprising a ring motor, the ring motor, the shaping mirror group (2) and the wedge-shaped mirror (3) being arranged on the same optical axis; wherein the wedge-shaped mirror (3) is connected with a motor rotor (52) of the ring motor, so that the wedge-shaped mirror (3) can rotate around the optical axis under the cooperation of the motor rotor (52) and a motor stator (51) of the ring motor, thereby deflecting the laser beam. The driving mechanism (5) further comprises:

2. The laser machining head of claim 1, wherein, a fixed frame (53) connected with the housing (1) and having a propagation channel (531) for propagating the laser beam, the motor stator (51) being arranged in the fixed frame (53); a lens barrel (54) rotatably arranged inside the housing (1), the wedge-shaped mirror (3) being arranged inside the lens barrel (54), and the motor rotor (52) being connected with the lens barrel (54). The inside of the lens barrel (54) is provided with a stepped surface abutting against the wedge-shaped mirror (3); 3. The laser machining head of claim 2, wherein, The driving mechanism (5) further comprises a thrust piece (55) arranged inside the lens barrel (54), and the thrust piece (55) is configured to keep the wedge-shaped mirror (3) abutting against the stepped surface. The thrust piece (55) is an elastic compression ring supported inside the lens barrel (54) and abutting against the side of the wedge-shaped mirror (3) away from the stepped surface.

4. The laser machining head of claim 3, wherein The nozzle (4) is uniformly provided with mounting holes (41), and bolts are clearance-fitted in the mounting holes (41), the bolts being screwed with the housing (1) after penetrating the mounting holes (41); 5. The laser machining head of claim 1, wherein, An adjusting mechanism (6) is arranged between the nozzle (4) and the housing (1), and the adjusting mechanism (6) is used for adjusting the coaxiality between the nozzle (4) and the laser beam. The adjusting mechanism (6) comprises a plurality of adjusting assemblies (61), the plurality of adjusting assemblies (61) being uniformly distributed on the peripheral side of the nozzle (4), and any adjusting assembly (61) is configured to push against the nozzle (4) to adjust the position of the bolt in the mounting hole (41).

6. The laser machining head of claim 5, wherein, The adjusting assembly (61) comprises:

7. The laser machining head of claim 6, wherein, an extension plate (611) having one end connected with the housing (1) and the other end extending to the nozzle (4); an adjusting nut (612) screwed and penetrating the other end of the extension plate (611) and abutting against the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle (4). ​ 8. The laser machining head of claim 1, wherein, The shaping mirror group (2) comprises a mirror seat (21), a plurality of focusing mirrors (22) and a plurality of collimating mirrors (23), the mirror seat (21) is detachably arranged in the inside of the shell (1) and has a plurality of mounting grooves arranged at intervals, the plurality of focusing mirrors (22) and the plurality of collimating mirrors (23) are sequentially arranged in the mounting grooves along the propagation direction of the laser beam.

9. The laser machining head of claim 1, wherein, The laser processing head further comprises a wire feeding mechanism (7) which is rotationally arranged on the nozzle (4) and can be kept in any rotational position, and the wire feeding mechanism (7) is used for conveying a welding wire to a preset position.

10. The laser machining head of claim 1, wherein, Along the propagation direction of the laser beam, a protective mirror (9) is arranged on the downstream side of the wedge-shaped mirror (3).

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