Testing device for improving photocatalytic wastewater treatment efficiency

Abstract

The utility model discloses a testing device for improving photocatalytic wastewater treatment efficiency, and belongs to the technical field of photocatalysis. The problems that an existing photocatalytic wastewater treatment test device is low in treatment efficiency and / or the influence of main factors of photocatalytic treatment on the treatment effect is difficult to systematically research so as to find proper values of the factors are solved. The testing device comprises a mixer, a photocatalytic reactor and a waste liquid storage device, wherein the photocatalytic reactor comprises a main body reactor, a water inlet buffer unit and a plurality of one-way flow control plates; a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively formed in two ends of the main body reactor, the water inlet buffer unit is communicated with the water inlet, and the plurality of one-way flow control plates are sequentially arranged in the main body reactor in parallel from the water inlet to the water outlet. According to the utility model, the photocatalytic treatment efficiency is improved, the influence of main factors of photocatalytic treatment on the treatment effect can be systematically researched to find proper values of the factors, and efficient wastewater treatment is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photocatalysis technology, and in particular to an experimental device for improving the efficiency of photocatalytic wastewater treatment. Background Technology

[0002] Photocatalytic wastewater treatment offers numerous advantages, such as thorough pollutant degradation and the absence of secondary pollution, leading to its increasing importance in the wastewater treatment field in recent years. However, it faces several challenges in practical applications, particularly regarding treatment capacity and efficiency. For instance, static water treatment allows for longer contact times but has limited capacity, making it unsuitable for continuous treatment of large-scale wastewater. While dynamic water treatment can continuously treat large-scale wastewater, its efficiency is low, resulting in persistently high concentrations of harmful substances in the treated water, failing to meet discharge standards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a test device for improving the efficiency of photocatalytic wastewater treatment, in order to solve at least one of the following problems of existing test devices for photocatalytic wastewater treatment: (1) low treatment efficiency; (2) difficulty in systematically studying the influence of the main factors of photocatalytic treatment on the treatment effect in order to find the appropriate values ​​of these factors.

[0004] The objective of this utility model is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] This utility model provides an experimental device for improving the efficiency of photocatalytic wastewater treatment, including a mixer, a photocatalytic reactor, and a waste liquid storage tank; the mixer and the photocatalytic reactor are connected by a first liquid pump, and the photocatalytic reactor and the waste liquid storage tank are connected by a second liquid pump;

[0006] The photocatalytic reactor includes a main reactor, an inlet buffer unit, and multiple unidirectional flow control plates. A catalytic light source is located above the main reactor. The main reactor has an inlet and an outlet at both ends, and the inlet buffer unit is connected to the inlet. Multiple unidirectional flow control plates are arranged in parallel from the inlet to the outlet in the main reactor.

[0007] Each one-way flow control plate has a serrated edge on one side, and multiple one-way flow control plates are arranged alternately with the serrations facing down and up.

[0008] Furthermore, the height H1 of each unidirectional flow control plate and the height H2 of the main reactor satisfy the following condition: H1 / H2 = 1 / 2 to 2 / 3.

[0009] Furthermore, the multiple unidirectional flow control plates are divided into N groups. The first and last groups each contain one flow control plate, the middle N-2 groups each contain two adjacent flow control plates with a spacing of S1, and the spacing between adjacent groups of flow control plates in the entire N groups is S2, satisfying: S1 < S2.

[0010] Furthermore, S1 and S2 satisfy: S1 / S2 = 1 / 16 to 1 / 12.

[0011] Furthermore, the first group contains flow control plates with the serrations facing downwards, while the last group contains flow control plates with the serrations facing upwards. The inlet is located near the top of the main reactor, and the outlet is located near the bottom of the main reactor.

[0012] Furthermore, the serration angle on one side of the unidirectional flow control plate is ≥60°.

[0013] Furthermore, the water inlet buffer unit includes a diversion channel with water holes at the bottom. The water holes are closer to the water inlet than the flow control plate closest to the water inlet.

[0014] Furthermore, each unidirectional flow control plate has two oppositely arranged smooth sides including slots for detachable connection with connecting elements on the sidewall of the main reactor.

[0015] Furthermore, the mixer and the waste liquid storage tank are connected by a pipeline, which is equipped with a third liquid pump to be activated when necessary to achieve circulation processing.

[0016] Furthermore, the catalytic light source is a light source that can provide adjustable light intensity with a wavelength of 380-840 nm; and / or,

[0017] The diversion channel is cylindrical, with its axis parallel to the surface of the flow control plate. Water holes are evenly arranged at the bottom of the cylinder; and / or,

[0018] The mixer includes a pH meter.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) This invention improves the efficiency of photocatalytic wastewater treatment. It allows for a systematic study of the influence of key factors on the treatment effect to find suitable values ​​for these factors and achieve efficient wastewater treatment. By setting a unidirectional flow control plate, which includes multiple serrated baffles arranged alternately with the serrations facing down and up, the wastewater achieves unidirectional orderly flow in the main reactor. During the photocatalytic reaction, the reaction products and unreacted organic matter are immiscible, and there is no back-mixing of materials with different degrees of reaction, thereby improving the photocatalytic treatment efficiency of dynamic water. By setting a liquid pump between the mixer, the photocatalytic reactor, and the waste liquid storage tank, the water flow rate can be precisely controlled. The influence of the flow rate on the photocatalytic treatment effect can be systematically studied to find the optimal operating parameters and further improve the photocatalytic treatment efficiency.

[0021] (2) In some preferred embodiments, by controlling the spacing, position and serration angle of the flow control plate, it is helpful to better promote the unidirectional flow of wastewater and further improve the efficiency of photocatalytic treatment of dynamic wastewater.

[0022] (3) In some preferred embodiments, the present invention provides a diversion channel at the water inlet and a water hole at the bottom of the diversion channel. The diversion channel can reduce the impact of the incoming water and stabilize the liquid level. The water hole can ensure the position of the incoming water and improve the accuracy of the photocatalytic reaction test device. It can provide a solid foundation for system research and provide reliable technical support for industrial applications, thereby promoting the technological progress and application development of the entire field.

[0023] (4) In some preferred embodiments, the present invention, by adopting a detachable baffle design, not only increases the flexibility of the experiment and the maintainability of the device, but also helps to systematically study the catalytic efficiency of photocatalytic treatment of dynamic water under different baffle parameters (spacing, height), find the optimal baffle parameters, and further improve the efficiency and effect of photocatalytic treatment.

[0024] (5) In some preferred embodiments, the present invention achieves circulation processing by setting up a pipeline with a liquid pump between the mixer and the waste liquid storage tank, which increases flexibility. By controlling the pump, the circulation speed and number of cycles can be adjusted as needed to adapt to different processing requirements.

[0025] (6) In some preferred embodiments, by configuring an adjustable light source and a pH meter, this invention can be used to systematically study the catalytic efficiency of photocatalytic treatment of dynamic water under different light intensities and pH values, find the optimal operating parameters, and further improve the efficiency and effect of photocatalytic treatment.

[0026] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the embodiments described and the accompanying drawings, which are particularly pointed out. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test device provided by this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the water flow direction in the main reactor of the experimental device provided by this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the working principle of the experimental device provided by this utility model;

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 10-Mixer; 11-pH meter; 12-Agitator; 20-Photocatalytic reactor; 21-Main reactor; 21a-Inlet; 21b-Outlet; 22-Inlet buffer unit; 22a-Diverter tank; 22b-Water hole; 23-One-way flow control plate; 23a-One-way flow control plate with serrations facing down; 23b-One-way flow control plate with serrations facing up; 24-Catalytic light source; 30-Waste liquid storage tank; 40-First liquid pump; 50-Second liquid pump. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0034] Existing photocatalytic wastewater treatment devices suffer from low treatment efficiency when treating dynamic water. Even with improvements to the light source and photocatalyst, the photocatalytic efficiency remains unsatisfactory, and the treated wastewater still contains high levels of harmful substances, failing to meet discharge requirements.

[0035] The inventors discovered in their research that back-mixing of materials with different degrees of reaction is a significant factor contributing to low processing efficiency. Furthermore, improper selection or mismatch of operating parameters (such as light intensity, flow rate, and pH value) can also weaken processing efficiency and effectiveness.

[0036] Based on this, the present invention provides an experimental device for improving the efficiency of photocatalytic wastewater treatment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the experimental apparatus includes a mixer 10, a photocatalytic reactor 20, and a waste liquid storage tank 30; the mixer 10 and the photocatalytic reactor 20 are connected by a first liquid pump 40, and the photocatalytic reactor 20 and the waste liquid storage tank 30 are connected by a second liquid pump 50.

[0037] The photocatalytic reactor 20 includes a main reactor 21, an inlet buffer unit 22, and multiple unidirectional flow control plates 23. A catalytic light source 24 is provided above the main reactor 21. The main reactor 21 has an inlet 21a and an outlet 21b at both ends. The inlet buffer unit 22 is connected to the inlet 21a. Multiple unidirectional flow control plates 23 are arranged in parallel from the inlet 21a to the outlet 21b in the main reactor 21.

[0038] Each one-way flow control plate has a serrated edge on one side, and multiple one-way flow control plates are arranged alternately with the serrations facing down and up.

[0039] Compared with existing technologies, this invention improves the photocatalytic efficiency of dynamic water by incorporating a unidirectional flow control plate in the experimental device. This plate comprises multiple serrated baffles arranged alternately with the serrations facing downwards and upwards. The unidirectional flow control plate, consisting of multiple serrated baffles arranged alternately with the serrations facing downwards and upwards, ensures the orderly unidirectional flow of wastewater within the main reactor. During the photocatalytic reaction, this prevents the reaction products from mixing with unreacted organic matter and avoids backmixing of materials with different reaction rates. Furthermore, by installing a liquid pump between the mixer, photocatalytic reactor, and wastewater storage tank to precisely control the water flow rate, the impact of flow rate on the photocatalytic treatment effect can be systematically studied to find the optimal operating parameters and further improve the efficiency and effect of photocatalytic treatment. Finally, by installing an inlet buffer unit after the inlet, the inlet water is ensured to fall at the same position in the main reactor, reducing experimental errors and preventing large fluctuations in the liquid surface due to excessive flow rate, thus minimizing backmixing.

[0040] Specifically, according to the way the flow control plate is set in the main reactor, the unidirectional flow control plate 23 includes two types: unidirectional flow control plate 23a with the serrations facing down and unidirectional flow control plate 23b with the serrations facing up.

[0041] Preferably, the height H1 of each unidirectional flow control plate 23 and the height H2 of the main reactor 21 satisfy the following ratio: H1 / H2 = 1 / 2 to 2 / 3. For example, H1 / H2 = 10 / 19, 5 / 9, 10 / 17, 5 / 8. By carefully designing the ratio of the height of the main reactor to the height of the unidirectional flow control plate, the fluid dynamics within the reactor can be optimized, backmixing can be reduced, and the degradation kinetics of pollutants can be improved, thereby increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of photocatalytic treatment. It can be understood that the height of the flow control plate determines the height of the wastewater surface, which in turn affects the length of the water flow path and the distance between the surface and the light source. These factors work together to influence photocatalytic efficiency. The height of the flow control plate can be adaptively adjusted according to the water flow rate, the concentration of pollutants in the water, and the light intensity of the catalytic light source. Preferably, the multiple unidirectional flow control plates are divided into N groups, where the first and last groups each contain one flow control plate, the middle N-2 groups each contain two adjacent flow control plates with a spacing of S1, and the spacing between adjacent groups of flow control plates in the entire N groups is S2, satisfying: S1 < S2. This configuration, while maintaining cost-effectiveness, improves the performance of the photocatalytic wastewater treatment device, reduces backmixing, and enhances treatment efficiency and effectiveness. Specifically, using single plates in the first and last groups reduces turbulence and backmixing in the inlet and outlet regions, improving fluid stability in these areas; using double plates in the middle group extends the travel distance of wastewater within the reactor, increasing reaction time and thus improving treatment efficiency. By controlling the spacing S2 between adjacent groups to be greater than the spacing S1 between the two flow control plates in each group, the flow field distribution can be better controlled, dead zones reduced, and fluid dynamics efficiency improved, contributing to enhanced photocatalytic treatment efficiency and effectiveness.

[0042] More preferably, S1 and S2 satisfy: S1 / S2 = 1 / 16 - 1 / 12. For example, S1 / S2 = 1 / 15, 1 / 14, 1 / 13; such a setting helps to minimize material backmixing, can make fuller use of the capacity of the main reactor, and improve the processing capacity per unit volume.

[0043] In some preferred embodiments, the first set of flow control plates has downward-facing sawtooth patterns, while the last set has upward-facing sawtooth patterns. The inlet is located near the top of the main reactor, and the outlet is located near the bottom. This arrangement further improves treatment efficiency and effectiveness. Specifically, the downward-facing sawtooth patterns of the first set of flow control plates help disperse and mitigate the impact of the incoming water, thereby reducing the formation of bubbles and turbulence; the upward-facing sawtooth patterns of the last set of flow control plates help stabilize the effluent flow and reduce backmixing caused by hydrodynamics; the inlet's location near the top of the main reactor ensures that the water flows in directly above the inlet end, contributing to a more uniform water flow distribution; and the outlet's location near the bottom of the main reactor helps collect fully reacted wastewater, reducing the discharge of unreacted or partially reacted wastewater. The aforementioned preferred inlet / outlet layout and flow control plate configuration help improve the residence time distribution of wastewater within the reactor, increasing overall treatment efficiency and achieving optimal treatment results.

[0044] Preferably, the serration angle on one side of the unidirectional flow control plate is ≥60°. When processing materials with high viscosity and / or high surface tension, a serration angle of ≥60° can reduce the resistance of the fluid passing through the flow control plate, help prevent material deposition and scaling on the plate surface, help prevent fluid stratification, and increase turbulence near the flow control plate, thereby increasing the contact opportunities between pollutants in the wastewater and the photocatalyst. Through the combined effect of the above factors, it helps to improve the overall efficiency of the photocatalytic reaction and achieve better treatment results. Exemplarily, the serration angles are 62°, 65°, 67°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, and 80°.

[0045] In some possible designs, the angles on both sides of the sawtooth are the same to ensure that the fluid can pass through the flow control plate uniformly, thereby reducing turbulence and backmixing. The sawtooth angle usually refers to the inclination of the sawtooth, which is the angle relative to the line connecting the roots of the sawtooth (i.e., the baseline of the sawtooth).

[0046] It should be noted that the inlet buffer unit 22 includes a diversion channel 22a, and a water hole 22b is provided at the bottom of the diversion channel 22a. The water hole 22b is closer to the inlet 21a than the flow control plate that is closest to the inlet 21a. The diversion channel is used to reduce the impact of the water flow, prevent the water from splashing directly into the reaction zone of the second set of flow control plates when the flow velocity is too high, improve the stability of the water flow, reduce turbulence and back mixing, thereby improving the treatment efficiency and effect; the water hole is used for the water to flow out of the diversion channel, which is conducive to the water flowing in the same direction, ensuring the reliability, consistency and repeatability of the test.

[0047] In some possible designs, the diversion channel 22a is cylindrical, with its axis parallel to the surface of the flow control plate, and water holes evenly arranged at the bottom of the cylinder. The cylindrical diversion channel helps reduce material deposition inside the channel, effectively utilizes reactor space, and can withstand greater water pressure without deformation. The cylindrical axis parallel to the flow control plate helps guide water flow in a specific direction, enhancing the directionality of the flow, while the evenly arranged water holes help achieve uniform water distribution on the flow control plate, thereby improving photocatalytic reaction efficiency and treatment effect.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments, each unidirectional flow control plate has two oppositely arranged smooth sides including slots for detachable connection with connecting elements on the sidewall of the main reactor. By configuring detachable unidirectional flow control plates, the influence of flow control plate parameters (spacing, height, serration angle, etc.) on the photocatalytic treatment effect can be systematically studied to find the optimal flow control plate parameters and further improve the photocatalytic treatment efficiency and effect. Exemplarily, the slot is a groove extending along the length of the smooth side of the flow control plate, and the cross-section of the groove can be rectangular or dovetail-shaped; the connecting element is a flange precisely matched to the inner dimensions of the groove, and the groove and the flange are in a sliding fit.

[0049] In one possible design, the mixer 10 and the waste liquid storage tank 30 are connected by a pipeline equipped with a third liquid pump to initiate circulation treatment when necessary. Circulation treatment increases the contact opportunity between the wastewater and the photocatalyst, thereby improving the degradation efficiency of pollutants. When a single treatment fails to achieve the desired effect, the circulation system ensures that the wastewater is further treated until it meets discharge standards. The activation of the third liquid pump can be adjusted based on real-time monitoring results of the treatment effect, providing operational flexibility. As a backup solution, the circulation system can provide additional treatment capacity when there are short-term peaks in wastewater volume or pollutant concentration.

[0050] It should be noted that the catalytic light source is an adjustable power source, which can be used to systematically study the influence of operating parameters (under different light intensities) on the photocatalytic reaction rate, find the optimal operating conditions, and further improve the efficiency and effect of photocatalytic treatment. Preferably, the catalytic light source 24 is a light source that can provide adjustable light intensity with a wavelength of 380-840nm. It can be understood that when the water flow rate increases and / or the pollutant content in the water is high, the light source intensity can be increased to meet the treatment requirements; when the water flow rate decreases and / or the pollutant content in the water is low, the light source intensity can be appropriately reduced.

[0051] Specifically, the mixer 10 includes a pH meter 11 and a stirrer 12. The stirrer is used to mix the wastewater and photocatalyst; the pH meter is used to detect and adjust the pH value of the wastewater to the required value for the experiment, and to monitor the pH of the waste liquid in real time. The pH value of the wastewater has a significant impact on the photocatalytic efficiency. By configuring a pH meter, the influence of operating parameters (wastewater pH value) on the photocatalytic treatment effect can be systematically studied, the optimal operating parameters can be found, and the photocatalytic treatment efficiency and effect can be further improved.

[0052] To facilitate real-time observation of wastewater treatment and to facilitate photocatalytic reactions, preferably, the main reactor 21, the inlet buffer unit 22, and the multiple unidirectional flow control plates 23 are all made of plexiglass.

[0053] For example, the main reactor 21 is a cuboid, and the area at the bottom of the cuboid through which wastewater passes constitutes a photocatalytic reaction area. The photocatalytic reaction area is located below the catalytic light source 24, and the catalytic light source 24 covers at least the N-2 sets of flow control plates in the middle.

[0054] In one possible design, the dimensions of the main reactor 21 are 80cm:20cm:17cm (length:width:height). The catalytic light source is positioned close to the upper surface of the main reactor. The main reactor contains six sets of flow control plates. The first set consists of a single unidirectional flow control plate with its serrations facing downwards, the sixth set consists of a single unidirectional flow control plate with its serrations facing upwards, and the middle four sets each contain two adjacent unidirectional flow control plates with a spacing of S1 = 1cm. The spacing between adjacent sets is S2 = 14cm, and the height of each unidirectional flow control plate is 10cm. For example, S2 refers to the shortest straight-line distance between the flow control plate of one set and the flow control plate of the adjacent set.

[0055] It is understood that the waste liquid storage tank 30 is used to store the wastewater after the photocatalytic reaction for subsequent detection and reprocessing. The first liquid pump 40 and the second liquid pump 50 provide power for the water flowing from the mixer through the main reactor into the waste liquid storage tank during the photocatalytic process. The third liquid pump (not shown in the figure) provides power for recycling when necessary. Preferably, the liquid pumps are peristaltic pumps or metering pumps to precisely control the water flow rate, thereby systematically studying the water treatment effect at different flow rates.

[0056] The device provided by this invention improves the efficiency and effect of photocatalytic treatment by reducing the backmixing of materials with different reaction degrees. It can examine the water treatment effect under different operating and device parameter conditions. By systematically studying the influence of the main factors of photocatalytic treatment on the treatment effect, it can find the optimal value range of each factor, achieve the optimal matching between factors, obtain the best treatment effect, and achieve an optimized balance between treatment efficiency and effect.

[0057] See Figures 1-3The working principle of the device provided by this utility model is as follows: First, wastewater and photocatalyst are added to the mixer 10 and mixed evenly by the stirrer 12. The pH value is adjusted to the required value by the pH meter. Then, the first liquid pump and the second liquid pump are turned on, and their flow rates are set to 1:1 (e.g., 2L / min). The wastewater mixed with photocatalyst enters the main reactor 21 through the inlet 21a, the diversion tank 22a, and the water hole 22b in sequence. Figure 2 The flow path shown passes through multiple unidirectional flow control plates 23 in sequence, and then flows out from the outlet 21b into the waste liquid storage tank 30.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A test device for improving the efficiency of photocatalytic treatment of wastewater, characterized by, The device comprises a mixer, a photocatalytic reactor and a waste liquid reservoir; the mixer and the photocatalytic reactor are connected by a first liquid pump, and the photocatalytic reactor and the waste liquid reservoir are connected by a second liquid pump; The photocatalytic reactor comprises a main reactor, a water inlet buffer unit and a plurality of one-way flow control plates; the main reactor is provided with a catalytic light source above; the main reactor is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet at two ends respectively; the water inlet buffer unit is in communication with the water inlet; and the plurality of one-way flow control plates are arranged in the main reactor in parallel from the water inlet to the water outlet. Each one-way flow control plate is serrated on one side, and the plurality of one-way flow control plates are arranged alternately with the serrations downward and upward.

2. The test device of claim 1, wherein The height H1 of each one-way flow control plate and the height H2 of the main reactor satisfy H1 / H2 = 1 / 2-2 / 3.

3. The test device of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of one-way flow control plates are divided into N groups, wherein the first group and the last group each contain one flow control plate, and the N-2 intermediate groups each contain two adjacent flow control plates with a spacing S1, and the spacing between adjacent groups of the entire N groups of flow control plates is S2, satisfying S1<S2.

4. The test device of claim 3, wherein S1 and S2 satisfy S1 / S2 = 1 / 16-1 / 12.

5. The test device of claim 3, wherein The flow control plate contained in the first group has serrations downward, the flow control plate contained in the last group has serrations upward, the water inlet is located near the top of the main reactor, and the water outlet is located near the bottom of the main reactor.

6. The test device of claim 1, wherein The angle of the serrations on one side of the one-way flow control plate is ≥60°.

7. The test device of claim 1, wherein The water inlet buffer unit comprises a flow distribution groove, and the flow distribution groove is provided with water holes at the bottom; the water holes are closer to the water inlet than the flow control plate closest to the water inlet.

8. The test device of claim 1, wherein, Each one-way flow control plate comprises a clamping groove on two opposite smooth sides for detachable connection with a connecting element on the side wall of the main reactor.

9. The test device of claim 1, wherein, The mixer and the waste liquid reservoir are connected by a pipeline, and a third liquid pump is arranged on the pipeline to start the circulation process when necessary.

10. The test device of claim 7, wherein, The catalytic light source is a light source that can provide adjustable light intensity with a wavelength of 380-840 nm; and / or The flow distribution groove is a cylinder, the axis of the cylinder is parallel to the surface of the flow control plate, and the water holes are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the cylinder; and / or The mixer comprises a pH meter.

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