Tooth changing mechanism based on machining center spindle box

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and discloses a gear changing mechanism based on a spindle box of a machining center, which comprises a transmission shaft, a gear assembly in axial sliding connection with the transmission shaft and an adjusting assembly for driving the gear assembly to slide along the transmission shaft, and the gear assembly is configured to rotate synchronously with the transmission shaft; the adjusting assembly comprises a connecting base and power for driving the connecting base to move in the axial direction of the transmission shaft. A rotating piece connected with the gear assembly is arranged on the connecting base, and the rotating piece and the gear assembly are connected in an axial limiting and circumferential rotating mode. The utility model has the beneficial effects of smooth adjustment, difficult clamping stagnation and good stability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to numerical control machine tool technical field especially, relates to a kind of variable tooth mechanism based on machining center spindle box. BACKGROUND

[0002] Spindle box is important component on machine tool, and the performance of spindle box directly influences the machining quality of machine tool.The inside of common spindle box is passed through multistage gear transmission power, and the reduction ratio between spindle box output end, output end is usually fixed and unadjustable, and the rotating speed demand of different workpieces is different when processing, and some parts processing need high-speed rotation of spindle, and some parts processing need low-speed rotation of spindle box.To meet the variable speed demand of spindle, some spindle boxes in prior art adopt moving gear to realize variable speed of spindle, but gear adjusting mechanism has insufficient stability, and there are problems such as jamming during moving process. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses to solve the above-mentioned problems in prior art, provide a kind of variable tooth mechanism based on machining center spindle box, and it is smooth to adjust, not easy to jam, and stability is good.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A kind of variable tooth mechanism based on machining center spindle box, including transmission shaft, the axial sliding connection of gear assembly with transmission shaft, the adjusting assembly of driving gear assembly along transmission shaft sliding, the gear assembly is configured to rotate synchronously with transmission shaft;The adjusting assembly includes connecting seat, the power of driving connecting seat along the axial movement of transmission shaft;Rotating piece connected with gear assembly is equipped on the connecting seat, and the rotating piece gear assembly is axially limited, and is connected in circumferential rotation.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme: power is connected with gear assembly by connecting seat, and gear assembly is slid along transmission shaft when power drives connecting seat to move along the axial direction of transmission shaft, so that gear assembly is engaged with different driven gears on the spindle of spindle box, to realize the variable speed of spindle;This kind of variable tooth mechanism is compact and stable, and it is more smooth, not easy to jam when using.

[0007] As preferred, the transmission shaft is configured as a spline shaft, the gear assembly comprises a first gear and a second gear, an end surface of the second gear is provided with a sliding sleeve sleeved on the spline shaft, the sliding sleeve and the second gear are configured as an integral structure, an inner wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with internal splines in sliding connection with the spline shaft, and the first gear is sleeved on the sliding sleeve and connected through keys.

[0008] As preferred, the rotating member is sleeved on the sliding sleeve to form a sliding connection, the sliding sleeve is provided with a lower gasket and an upper gasket at two ends of the rotating member respectively, and the upper end of the sliding sleeve is provided with a snap ring; the lower end surface of the first gear abuts against the second gear, the lower end of the lower gasket abuts against the end surface of the first gear, the upper end of the lower gasket abuts against the lower end of the rotating member, the lower end of the upper gasket abuts against the upper end of the rotating member, and the upper end of the upper gasket is limited by the snap ring. This arrangement enables the first gear and the second gear to be stably limited in the axial direction and have no relative displacement in the axial direction.

[0009] As preferred, the diameter of the first gear is greater than that of the second gear, and the diameter ratio of the first gear to the second gear is configured as 1.5-2.5. By reasonably setting the diameters of the first gear and the second gear, the rotational speed of the main shaft can be changed when the first gear and the second gear mesh with different output gears on the main shaft.

[0010] As preferred, the end of the connecting seat is provided with an arc-shaped groove for mounting the rotating member, the lower end of the arc-shaped groove is provided with a limiting stop, the rotating member is clamped into the arc-shaped groove, the upper end of the arc-shaped groove is provided with an arc-shaped limiting piece for limiting the upper end of the rotating member, and the arc-shaped limiting piece is bolted with the connecting seat. The rotating member is positioned by the arc-shaped groove, the limiting stop and the arc-shaped limiting piece, and the overall installation and disassembly are very convenient.

[0011] As preferred, the central angle of the arc surface of the arc-shaped groove is configured as 150°-180°. The arc-shaped groove is configured as a groove smaller than a semicircle, so that the connecting seat and the power can be quickly disassembled when the arc-shaped limiting piece is loosened, further improving the convenience of disassembly.

[0012] As preferred, the power is any one of an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder and an oil cylinder, and the axial direction of the power is parallel to the axis of the transmission shaft.

[0013] Therefore, the utility model has the beneficial effects of smooth adjustment, difficulty in jamming and good stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A structural schematic view of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 A schematic view after the gear assembly moves along the transmission shaft.

[0016] Figure 3 An exploded view of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial technical effects to be solved by the utility model more clear and obvious, the utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and multiple exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0018] It should be understood that, in this paper, the expressions "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor should it be understood as implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. The features with "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly indicated to include at least one feature.

[0019] As shown in Figures 1-3 A variable tooth mechanism based on machining center spindle box, characterized by comprising a transmission shaft 1, a gear assembly 2 connected with the axial sliding of the transmission shaft 1, an adjusting assembly 3 driving the gear assembly 2 to slide along the transmission shaft 1, the gear assembly 2 is configured to rotate synchronously with the transmission shaft 1; the adjusting assembly 3 comprises a connecting seat 30, a power 31 driving the connecting seat 30 to move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1; the connecting seat 30 is provided with a rotating part 32 connected with the gear assembly 2, the rotating part 32 and the gear assembly 2 are connected in the axial direction and the circumferential direction.

[0020] The transmission shaft 1 is configured as a spline shaft 10, the gear assembly 2 comprises a first gear 21 and a second gear 22, an end surface of the second gear 22 is provided with a sliding sleeve 220 sleeved on the spline shaft 10, the sliding sleeve 220 is configured in an integral structure with the second gear 22, an inner wall of the sliding sleeve 220 is provided with internal splines 221 in sliding connection with the spline shaft 10, and the first gear 21 is sleeved on the sliding sleeve 220 and connected through keys. The rotating member 32 is sleeved on the sliding sleeve 220 to form a sliding connection, the sliding sleeve 220 is provided with a lower gasket 23 and an upper gasket 24 at two ends of the rotating member 32 respectively, and the upper end of the sliding sleeve 220 is provided with a snap ring 25; the lower end surface of the first gear 21 is in abutment with the second gear 22, the lower end of the lower gasket 23 is in abutment with the end surface of the first gear 21, the upper end of the lower gasket 23 is in abutment with the lower end of the rotating member 32, the lower end of the upper gasket 24 is in abutment with the upper end of the rotating member 32, and the upper end of the upper gasket 24 is limited by the snap ring 25. The transmission member in the embodiment is configured as a bearing.

[0021] The end of the connecting seat 30 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 300 for mounting the rotating member 32, the lower end of the arc-shaped groove 300 is provided with a limiting baffle 301, the rotating member 32 is clamped into the arc-shaped groove 300, the upper end of the arc-shaped groove 300 is provided with an arc-shaped limiting piece 302 for limiting the upper end of the rotating member 32, and the arc-shaped limiting piece 302 is bolted between the connecting seat 30; in some embodiments, the central angle corresponding to the arc surface of the arc-shaped groove 300 is configured as 150°-180°, and the central angle corresponding to the arc surface of the arc-shaped groove in the embodiment is configured as 160°.

[0022] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first gear 21 is greater than that of the second gear 22, and the diameter ratio of the first gear 21 to the second gear 22 is configured as 1.5-2.5, and in the embodiment, the diameter ratio of the first gear 21 to the second gear 22 is configured as 2. In some embodiments, the power 31 is configured as any one of an electric cylinder, a gas cylinder and an oil cylinder, the axial direction of the power 31 is parallel to the axis of the transmission shaft 1, and the power in the embodiment adopts a gas cylinder.

[0023] The principle of the utility model is as follows in combination with the drawings: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the third gear 4 and the fourth gear 5 are output gears on the main shaft, Figure 1 The first gear is engaged with the third gear, at this time, since the diameter of the third gear is smaller than that of the first gear, the first gear and the third gear form a group of acceleration gear pairs, and the rotation speed of the main shaft is greater than that of the transmission shaft; when the power drives the gear assembly to move to Figure 2In the state shown, the first gear is disengaged from the third gear, and the second gear is engaged with the fourth gear. Since the diameter of the second gear is smaller than that of the fourth gear, the second and fourth gears form a reduction gear pair, and the rotational speed of the main shaft is less than that of the transmission shaft. By adjusting the positions of the first and second gears on the transmission shaft, the acceleration or deceleration of the main shaft can be achieved. The overall structure is stable, the adjustment is smooth, and it is not prone to jamming.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by up, down, left, right, inner end, outer end, one end, and the other end are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the purpose of more clearly describing the technical solution of this utility model, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0025] Although specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail herein, they are given for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Various substitutions, alterations, and modifications may be conceived without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable tooth mechanism based on a machining center spindle box, characterized by, The transmission shaft (1), the gear assembly (2) in axial sliding connection with the transmission shaft (1), and the adjusting assembly (3) driving the gear assembly (2) to slide along the transmission shaft (1), the gear assembly (2) is configured to rotate synchronously with the transmission shaft (1); The adjusting assembly (3) includes a connecting seat (30) and a power (31) driving the connecting seat (30) to move axially along the transmission shaft (1); the connecting seat (30) is provided with a rotating part (32) connected with the gear assembly (2), the rotating part (32) is axially limited and circumferentially rotatably connected between the gear assembly (2).

2. The tooth changing mechanism based on the spindle box of a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission shaft (1) is configured as a spline shaft (10), the gear assembly (2) includes a first gear (21) and a second gear (22), the end face of the second gear (22) is provided with a sliding sleeve (220) sleeved on the spline shaft (10), the sliding sleeve (220) and the second gear (22) are configured as an integral structure, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (220) is provided with internal splines (221) in sliding connection with the spline shaft (10), and the first gear (21) is sleeved on the sliding sleeve (220) and connected by keys.

3. The tooth changing mechanism based on the spindle box of a machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating part (32) is sleeved on the sliding sleeve (220) to form a sliding connection, the sliding sleeve (220) is provided with a lower gasket (23) and an upper gasket (24) at both ends of the rotating part (32), and the upper end of the sliding sleeve (220) is provided with a snap ring (25); The lower end face of the first gear (21) abuts against the second gear (22), the lower end of the lower gasket (23) abuts against the end face of the first gear (21), the upper end of the lower gasket (23) abuts against the lower end of the rotating part (32), the lower end of the upper gasket (24) abuts against the upper end of the rotating part (32), and the upper end of the upper gasket (24) is limited by the snap ring (25).

4. A tooth changing mechanism based on a spindle box of a machining center according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the first gear (21) is greater than that of the second gear (22), and the diameter ratio of the first gear (21) to the second gear (22) is configured to be 1.5-2.

5.

5. A tooth changing mechanism based on the spindle box of a machining center according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, The end of the connecting seat (30) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (300) for mounting the rotating part (32), the lower end of the arc-shaped groove (300) is provided with a limiting rib (301), the rotating part (32) is clamped into the arc-shaped groove (300), the upper end of the arc-shaped groove (300) is provided with an arc-shaped limiting piece (302) for limiting the upper end of the rotating part (32), and the arc-shaped limiting piece (302) is bolted with the connecting seat (30).

6. A tooth changing mechanism based on the spindle box of a machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that, The central angle of the arc surface of the arc-shaped groove (300) is configured to be 150°-180°.

7. The tooth changing mechanism based on the spindle box of a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power (31) is configured as any one of an electric cylinder, a gas cylinder and an oil cylinder, and the axial direction of the power (31) is parallel to the axis of the transmission shaft (1).

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