Vacuum contact system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of steam turbines, and discloses a vacuum connection system which comprises a main machine vacuum system and a small machine vacuum system. A main machine condenser is arranged in the main machine vacuum system; a small machine condenser is arranged in the small machine vacuum system; the device further comprises a connecting pipe. One end of the connecting pipe is communicated with an air exhaust main pipe of the main machine condenser, and the other end of the connecting pipe is communicated with an air exhaust main pipe of the small machine condenser; a valve is arranged on the connecting pipe; and the valve is used for controlling on-off of airflow in the connecting pipe. The vacuum system can be used for solving the technical problem that an existing vacuum system is unstable, and the operation stability and reliability of the vacuum system are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of steam turbine technology, and specifically to a vacuum communication system. Background Technology

[0002] The main turbine vacuum system and the auxiliary turbine vacuum system are key subsystems commonly found in large steam turbine units. The main turbine vacuum system primarily maintains a high vacuum in the main condenser. Through multi-stage jet pumps and jet heat exchangers, it effectively extracts non-condensable gases from the condenser, reducing exhaust pressure and thus improving the turbine's thermal efficiency and overall performance. The auxiliary turbine vacuum system serves auxiliary equipment, such as the small turbine for the feedwater pump. It also maintains the required vacuum level through jet pumps and heat exchangers, ensuring the efficient operation of these auxiliary devices. The main turbine vacuum system mainly includes the turbine's sealing devices, three water ring vacuum pumps, and corresponding valves, pipelines, and other equipment and components. During normal operation, two water ring vacuum pumps are running, with one as a standby. The auxiliary turbine vacuum system mainly includes the small turbine's sealing devices, two water ring vacuum pumps, and corresponding valves, pipelines, and other equipment and components. During normal operation, one water ring vacuum pump is running, with the other as a standby. These two systems complement each other in large steam turbine units, jointly ensuring the stability and economy of the entire unit. Through reasonable system design and optimization, the operating efficiency and reliability of steam turbine units can be significantly improved, energy consumption and maintenance costs can be reduced, and the needs of modern power production can be met.

[0003] The vacuum system plays a crucial role in steam turbine units. Its primary function is to remove air from the condenser, aiding in the condensation of exhaust steam. During startup, the vacuum system must rapidly establish a vacuum in the condenser and continuously remove any air leaking into the condenser during unit operation. If the vacuum system fails to remove air from the condenser effectively and in a timely manner, leading to air accumulation, the air will not condense and will displace steam. When this accumulation reaches a certain level, it will severely degrade the condenser's vacuum level. Furthermore, the presence of large amounts of air increases the oxygen content in the condensate, exacerbating corrosion of low-pressure equipment and pipelines, which is extremely detrimental to the safe operation of the unit. Currently, most power plant vacuum systems suffer from numerous defects and insufficient redundancy, frequently resulting in unplanned unit shutdowns due to vacuum system failures, severely impacting power generation efficiency and economic benefits. Therefore, optimizing the design of the vacuum system and improving its reliability is one of the important measures to enhance the overall performance of the steam turbine unit. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a vacuum communication system to solve the technical problem of instability in existing vacuum systems and to effectively improve the operational stability and reliability of vacuum systems.

[0005] The basic solution provided by this utility model is as follows: a vacuum communication system, including a main vacuum system and a small vacuum system; the main vacuum system is equipped with a main condenser; the small vacuum system is equipped with a small condenser; it also includes a communication pipe; one end of the communication pipe is connected to the main exhaust pipe of the main condenser, and the other end of the communication pipe is connected to the main exhaust pipe of the small condenser; a valve is provided on the communication pipe; the valve is used to control the gas flow in the communication pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the main condenser includes a first condenser located on the turbine side of the turbine unit and a second condenser located on the generator side of the turbine unit; the connecting pipe is connected to the extraction main pipe of the first condenser.

[0007] Furthermore, the small turbine condenser is also connected to the small turbine vacuum pump unit; the main turbine condenser is also connected to the main turbine vacuum pump unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the main exhaust pipe of the main condenser is also connected to the vacuum injection system.

[0009] Furthermore, the power source for the vacuum jet system is auxiliary steam.

[0010] Furthermore, the vacuum injection system is a three-stage injection system; the vacuum injection system is equipped with an injection pump; the auxiliary steam is used to drive the injection pump; the injection pump includes a first injection pump, a second injection pump, and a third injection pump connected in series; the first injection pump includes injection pump A and injection pump B; injection pump A is connected to one side of the main condenser's extraction header, and injection pump B is connected to the other side of the main condenser's extraction header.

[0011] Furthermore, the vacuum jetting system is also equipped with a jetting heat exchanger and a hot well; the jetting heat exchanger includes a first jetting heat exchanger, a second jetting heat exchanger, and a third jetting heat exchanger; the first jetting pump is connected to the inlet of the first jetting heat exchanger; the second jetting pump is connected to the inlet of the second jetting heat exchanger; the third jetting pump is connected to the inlet of the third jetting heat exchanger; and the first jetting heat exchanger, the second jetting heat exchanger, and the third jetting heat exchanger are each connected to a hot well; the hot well is used to recover condensate.

[0012] Furthermore, the vacuum jet system is also equipped with a condensate pump and a shaft seal heater.

[0013] The working principle and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] During turbine unit operation, a vacuum jet system can be activated to assist the condenser in establishing and maintaining a vacuum. When the vacuum jet system is operating, working steam (auxiliary steam) with a certain pressure is injected into the mixing chamber of the jet pump at supersonic speed through the nozzles of the jet pump after pressure reduction and acceleration. This process creates a local vacuum, generating a suction effect. After pressure reduction, the steam mixes with the pumped gas and enters the diffuser chamber of the jet pump. Through multi-stage injection and multi-stage condensation, the overall heat recovery and the discharge of non-condensable gases at room temperature are achieved. Furthermore, during turbine unit operation, if the small turbine vacuum system malfunctions, the valve on the connecting pipe can be opened to switch to the vacuum jet system. The main vacuum pump unit in the main turbine vacuum system will then operate to assist in improving and maintaining the stability of the small turbine vacuum system.

[0015] This invention discloses a vacuum interconnection system. Based on the main unit vacuum system and the auxiliary unit vacuum system of a steam turbine unit, a connecting pipe and a vacuum injection system are added to synergistically improve the overall stability and reliability of the vacuum system. Specifically, by adding the vacuum injection system, the main unit vacuum system and the auxiliary unit vacuum system can establish and maintain a high vacuum level, which helps the steam in the condenser to condense into water more effectively, reduces steam loss, and improves thermal energy utilization. It also reduces the condenser exhaust pressure, thereby keeping the turbine back pressure at a low level. Low back pressure can increase the steam expansion ratio, increase the turbine's work capacity, and thus improve the overall thermal efficiency of the unit.

[0016] By adding connecting pipes and valves, communication between the main vacuum system and the auxiliary vacuum system can be flexibly achieved, thereby increasing the safety and stability of both systems. Furthermore, the addition of connecting pipes also simultaneously addresses the potential redundancy in the main vacuum system that might arise from the addition of a vacuum jet system. This redundancy can then serve as a backup for the auxiliary vacuum system, contributing to improved system energy efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the vacuum communication system of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a first partial schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the vacuum communication system of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a second partial schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the vacuum communication system of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vacuum jet system structure of an embodiment of the vacuum communication system of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following detailed explanation illustrates the specific implementation methods:

[0022] The markings in the attached drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. First condenser; 2. Second condenser; 3. No. 1 extraction header; 4. Condenser vacuum pump group; 5. Small turbine condenser; 6. No. 2 extraction header; 7. Small turbine condenser vacuum pump group; 8. Connecting pipe; 9. Valve.

[0023] Jet pump A10, jet pump B11, second jet pump 12, third jet pump 13, first jet heat exchanger 14, second jet heat exchanger 15, third jet heat exchanger 16, condensate pump 17, shaft seal heater 18.

[0024] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown: A vacuum communication system includes a main unit vacuum system, a secondary unit vacuum system, and a communication pipe 8.

[0025] The main unit vacuum system includes a main unit condenser; the secondary unit vacuum system includes a secondary unit condenser 5; one end of the connecting pipe 8 is connected to the main exhaust pipe of the main unit condenser, and the other end of the connecting pipe 8 is connected to the exhaust pipe of the secondary unit condenser 5; a valve 9 is provided on the connecting pipe 8; the valve 9 is used to control the airflow in the connecting pipe 8. In this embodiment, the valve 9 can be a manual valve 9 or an electrically controlled valve 9.

[0026] Specifically, the main condenser includes a first condenser 1 located on the turbine side of the turbine unit and a second condenser 2 located on the generator side of the turbine unit; the connecting pipe 8 is connected to the extraction main pipe of the first condenser 1.

[0027] The small turbine condenser 5 is also connected to the small turbine vacuum pump group; the main turbine condenser is also connected to the main turbine vacuum pump group. The small turbine vacuum pump group consists of two small turbine condenser vacuum pump groups 7; the main turbine vacuum pump group consists of three condenser vacuum pump groups 4.

[0028] The main extraction pipe of the main condenser is also connected to the vacuum injection system. The vacuum injection system is powered by auxiliary steam and is a three-stage injection system. Figure 4 As shown, the vacuum jetting system includes a jet pump, a jet heat exchanger, and a heat well. The overall vacuum jetting system does not contain rotating equipment, requires minimal maintenance, consumes no electricity, reduces plant power consumption, and further improves the economic efficiency of unit operation.

[0029] The auxiliary steam is used to drive the ejector pumps; the ejector pumps include a first ejector pump, a second ejector pump 12, and a third ejector pump 13 connected in series; the first ejector pump includes ejector pump A10 and ejector pump B11; ejector pump A10 is connected to one side (turbine side) of the main condenser's extraction header, and ejector pump B11 is connected to the other side (motor side) of the main condenser's extraction header. Specifically, ejector pump A10 and ejector pump B11 are arranged in parallel. Ejector pump A10 is connected to the extraction header of the first condenser 1 located on the turbine side of the turbine unit; ejector pump B11 is connected to the extraction header of the second condenser 2 located on the motor side of the turbine unit.

[0030] The jet heat exchanger includes a first jet heat exchanger 14, a second jet heat exchanger 15, and a third jet heat exchanger 16. The first jet pump is connected to the inlet of the first jet heat exchanger 14; the second jet pump 12 is connected to the inlet of the second jet heat exchanger 15; and the third jet pump 13 is connected to the inlet of the third jet heat exchanger 16. The first jet heat exchanger 14, the second jet heat exchanger 15, and the third jet heat exchanger 16 are each connected to a heat well; the heat well is used to recover condensate. The gas mixture after three stages of treatment is discharged into the atmosphere through the vent pipe connected to the third jet heat exchanger 16.

[0031] The vacuum jetting system is also equipped with a condensate pump 17 and a shaft seal heater 18. The condensate pump 17 and the shaft seal heater 18 are arranged sequentially and located at the bottom of the vacuum jetting system. They are used to recover condensate and leaked steam and convert them into hot water for other uses.

[0032] In practical applications, during turbine unit operation, a vacuum injection system can be activated to assist the condenser in establishing and maintaining a vacuum. When the vacuum injection system is operating, working steam (auxiliary steam) with a certain pressure is injected into the mixing chamber of the injection pump at supersonic speed through the nozzles of the injection pump after pressure reduction and acceleration. This process creates a local vacuum, generating a suction effect. After pressure reduction, the steam mixes with the pumped gas and enters the diffuser chamber of the injection pump. Through multi-stage injection and multi-stage condensation, the overall heat recovery and the discharge of non-condensable gases at room temperature are achieved. The vacuum injection system can assist the main turbine vacuum system and the auxiliary turbine vacuum system in establishing and maintaining a high vacuum, which helps the steam in the condenser condense into water more effectively, reduces steam loss, and improves thermal energy utilization. It can also reduce the condenser exhaust pressure, thereby keeping the turbine back pressure at a low level. Low back pressure can increase the steam expansion ratio, increase the turbine's work capacity, and thus improve the overall thermal efficiency of the unit.

[0033] Furthermore, during the operation of the turbine unit, when the vacuum system of the small turbine malfunctions, valve 9 on the connecting pipe 8 can be opened to switch to the vacuum injection system, and the main vacuum pump unit in the main vacuum system will operate to help improve and maintain the stability of the small turbine vacuum system.

[0034] This embodiment provides a vacuum communication system that can solve the technical problem of instability in existing vacuum systems and effectively improve the operational stability and reliability of vacuum systems.

[0035] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are knowledgeable of all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Therefore, those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A vacuum communication system comprising a main vacuum system and a small vacuum system; characterized in that, The main vacuum system is provided with a main condenser; the small machine vacuum system is provided with a small machine condenser; further comprising a communication pipe; one end of the communication pipe is communicated with the gas extraction main pipe of the main condenser, and the other end of the communication pipe is communicated with the gas extraction main pipe of the small machine condenser; the communication pipe is provided with a valve; the valve is used for controlling the air flow of the communication pipe.

2. A vacuum interlock system according to claim 1, wherein The main condenser comprises a first condenser arranged on the steam turbine side of the steam turbine unit and a second condenser arranged on the motor side of the steam turbine unit; the communication pipe is communicated with the gas extraction main pipe of the first condenser.

3. The vacuum interlock system of claim 1, wherein, The small machine condenser is further connected with a small machine vacuum pump group; the main condenser is further connected with a main machine vacuum pump group.

4. The vacuum interlock system of claim 1, wherein, The gas extraction main pipe of the main condenser is further connected with a vacuum injection system.

5. A vacuum interlock system according to claim 4, wherein, The power source of the vacuum injection system adopts auxiliary steam.

6. A vacuum interlock system according to claim 5, wherein, The vacuum injection system is a three-stage injection system; the vacuum injection system is provided with an injection pump; the auxiliary steam is used for driving the injection pump to operate; the injection pump comprises a first injection pump, a second injection pump and a third injection pump connected in series; the first injection pump comprises an injection pump A and an injection pump B; the injection pump A is connected with one side of the gas extraction main pipe of the main condenser, and the injection pump B is connected with the other side of the gas extraction main pipe of the main condenser.

7. A vacuum interlock system according to claim 6, wherein The vacuum injection system is further provided with an injection heat exchanger and a hot well; the injection heat exchanger comprises a first injection heat exchanger, a second injection heat exchanger and a third injection heat exchanger; the first injection pump is connected with the inlet of the first injection heat exchanger; the second injection pump is connected with the inlet of the second injection heat exchanger; the third injection pump is connected with the inlet of the third injection heat exchanger; and the first injection heat exchanger, the second injection heat exchanger and the third injection heat exchanger are respectively connected with a hot well; the hot well is used for recycling condensate.

8. A vacuum interlock system according to claim 7, wherein, The vacuum injection system is further provided with a condensate pump and a shaft seal heater.

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