Self-adaptive backrest

Abstract

The self-adaptive backrest comprises a base and a waist supporting piece and / or a back supporting piece which are / is movably connected to the front face of the base, the waist supporting piece comprises a left waist piece and a right waist piece which are arranged left and right, and the close ends of the left waist piece and the right waist piece are hinged through a first hinge shaft; the middle parts of the left waist piece and the right waist piece are elastically connected with the base through first elastic pieces respectively; the back supporting piece comprises a left back piece and a right back piece which are arranged left and right, the close ends of the left back piece and the right back piece are hinged through a second hinge shaft, and the middle of the left back piece and the middle of the right back piece are elastically connected with the base through first elastic pieces respectively. The left waist piece and the right waist piece are hinged to each other and are elastically connected with the base at the same time, so that self-adaption of the left waist piece and the right waist piece to the body type of a user can be kept, the left waist piece or the right waist piece can be effectively prevented from twisting, it is guaranteed that the left waist piece and the right waist piece keep good postures for a long time, and the user experience is improved. The service life of the backrest is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of lumbar and back support technology, specifically relating to an adaptive backrest. Background Technology

[0002] A backrest, also known as a lumbar support, is a type of home furnishing designed to support the lower back. It can be used alone or in conjunction with a chair. Conventional backrests are fixed, and prolonged use can cause back muscle pain and insufficient lumbar support, leading to lower back discomfort. To address this, designers have created ergonomic backrests that use flexible materials such as mesh fabric to support the back and increase elasticity. They also incorporate a lumbar support feature to further enhance lumbar support, thereby reducing back muscle pain and lower back discomfort.

[0003] However, the adaptability of these ergonomic designs to users of different body types is still relatively poor. For example, the invention patent disclosed in CN 115067702 A, "An Ergonomic Backrest and Seat", has a lumbar support with forward-curved surfaces on both sides to wrap around the back of the waist and improve lumbar comfort. However, due to the lack of adjustment function, smaller users cannot experience the comfort brought by the design at all.

[0004] To improve the adaptability of ergonomic design to users of different body types, utility model patent CN 221153568 U discloses an ergonomic lumbar support with convenient leaf position adjustment. This lumbar support uses torsion springs on the back of each leaf, allowing the leaves to tilt inward or outward. This automatically adjusts the angle of the lumbar support to fit the user's body type, providing a comfortable feeling of support for both sides of the lower back. However, this lumbar support has drawbacks in practical application. Because the four leaves are separate, and users cannot maintain a proper sitting posture for extended periods, uneven stress occurs on each leaf. Each leaf is supported by a separate torsion spring, which can easily cause deformation at different angles, especially clockwise or counterclockwise twisting. This leads to changes in the support points for the lower back and back, causing discomfort. Therefore, this type of lumbar support lacks strength and has a short lifespan.

[0005] Furthermore, when a user leans against the lumbar support, the central part of the lumbar support collapses and wraps around the user's body, which can easily cause the user's clothes or part of their skin to get stuck between the two adjacent blades. When the user's back leaves the lumbar support, the repositioning of the two adjacent blades can cause the clothes or skin to be pinched, causing discomfort to the user. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an adaptive backrest that solves the problem of the backrest being separated from its left and right sides, causing torsion due to uneven force on the left and right sides, changing the support position of the backrest on the waist or back, and causing discomfort to the user.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: an adaptive backrest, including a base and lumbar support pieces and / or back support pieces respectively movably connected to the front of the base. The lumbar support pieces include left and right lumbar pieces arranged left and right, with their approaching ends hinged together by a first hinge axis, and the middle parts of the left and right lumbar pieces respectively elastically connected to the base by a first elastic element; the back support pieces include left and right back pieces arranged left and right, with their approaching ends hinged together by a second hinge axis, and the middle parts of the left and right back pieces respectively elastically connected to the base by a first elastic element.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the first elastic element is a spring or a rubber block, and the two first elastic elements on the waist support plate are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first hinge shaft and opposite to the side of the first hinge shaft; the two first elastic elements on the back support plate are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second hinge shaft and opposite to the side of the second hinge shaft.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the spring is a coil spring, with the coil spring on the waist support plate having an axial direction parallel to the axial direction of the first hinge axis, and the coil spring on the back support plate having an axial direction parallel to the axial direction of the second hinge axis; the steel wires at both ends of the coil spring extend outward along the tangent of the coil spring to form connecting ends, and the connecting ends are fixedly connected to the base, the waist support plate or the back support plate.

[0010] As a preferred option, the connecting end is bent into a U-shape.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the left waist plate and the right waist plate are each connected to the base by two coaxially arranged coil springs; the left back plate and the right back plate are also connected to the base by two coaxially arranged coil springs; the two coil springs on the left waist plate are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the right waist plate are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the left back plate are symmetrically arranged, and the two coil springs on the right back plate are symmetrically arranged.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the left and right back panels are hinged to the second hinge shaft via a hinge support located in the lower middle part of the left and right back panels, with the left and right back panels separated to form a gap; the edges of the left and right waist panels that are close to each other are joined together and flush on the front, and the back of the left and right waist panels are respectively provided with a male connector and a female connector that are hinged to each other, with the first hinge shaft passing through the male connector and the female connector to hinge the left and right waist panels together.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the proximal ends of the left and right lumbar ...

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the base includes a base plate and a first sliding beam and a second sliding beam vertically slidably connected to the front of the base plate. The first sliding beam and the second sliding beam are arranged vertically. A back support plate is connected to the second sliding beam, and a waist support plate is connected to the first sliding beam. The first sliding beam and the second sliding beam are respectively provided with adjustment and locking modules for locking and unlocking themselves.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, any adjustment and locking module includes a locking pin extending towards the substrate, a second elastic element that drives the locking pin to move towards the substrate, and an unlocking drive block that drives the locking pin to move away from the substrate. The substrate has multiple locking holes that mate with the locking pin, arranged discretely in a vertical direction. When the locking pin is inserted into a corresponding locking hole, the position of the adjustment and locking module relative to the substrate remains locked. The first sliding beam and the second sliding beam are provided with grooves for embedding the second elastic element. Both the second elastic element and the locking pin are embedded in the grooves. The bottom of the locking pin is enlarged and blocked by a blocking element to prevent it from disengaging from the groove. A radially extending slot is provided on one side of the locking pin. The inner wall of the slot on the side away from the substrate is an outwardly inclined pressure-bearing surface. The unlocking drive block is located on the side of the locking pin and opposite to the slot. The unlocking drive block is slidably connected to the first sliding beam or the second sliding beam. One end of the unlocking drive block faces the slot and is provided with a pressing surface that cooperates with the pressure-bearing surface. The pressing surface is also inclined. When the unlocking drive block is inserted into the slot, the pressing surface presses against the pressure-bearing surface of the slot and squeezes the locking pin against the second elastic member, causing the head of the locking pin to retract and separate from the lock hole to achieve unlocking. After the unlocking drive block is released, under the elastic force of the second elastic member, the locking pin pops out and inserts into the lock hole to achieve locking, and at the same time drives the unlocking drive block to reset.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the substrate has a through hole that is directly opposite the unlocking drive block. When the first sliding beam or the second sliding beam is connected to the substrate, one end of the unlocking drive block is inserted into the through hole.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By hinged together and elastically connected to the base, the left and right waist panels can maintain their adaptive shape to the user's body and effectively prevent twisting, ensuring that the left and right waist panels maintain a good posture over a long period and extending the service life of the backrest. Similarly, the left and right back panels achieve the same technical effect due to their hinged connection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0019] Figure 1 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of a specific embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural view of a specific embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the waist support plate described in a specific embodiment;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the first elastic element in a specific embodiment;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the adjustment and locking module described in a specific embodiment;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the unlocking driver block described in a specific embodiment;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the substrate described in a specific embodiment;

[0026] Figures 1-7 In the middle: 1. Base; 101. Base plate; 102. First sliding beam; 103. Second sliding beam; 2. Waist support plate; 201. Left waist plate; 202. Right waist plate; 3. Back support plate; 301. Left back plate; 302. Right back plate; 4. First hinge pin; 501. Connecting end; 5. First elastic element; 6. Second hinge pin; 7. Hinge support; 8. Male connector; 9. Female connector; 10. Raised part; 11. Adjustment and locking module; 11a. Locking pin; 11b. Second elastic element; 11c. Unlocking drive block; 12. Lock hole; 13. Insert groove; 14. Blocking element; 15. Slot; 16. Pressure inclined surface; 17. Pressing surface; 18. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The specific implementation scheme of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figures 1-4The adaptive backrest shown includes a base 1 and a lumbar support plate 2 and a back support plate 3, which are movably connected to the front of the base 1, respectively. The lumbar support plate 2 includes a left lumbar piece 201 and a right lumbar piece 202 arranged side by side. The near ends of the left lumbar piece 201 and the right lumbar piece 202 are hinged to each other by a first hinge pin 4. The surfaces of the left lumbar piece 201 and the right lumbar piece 202 that are in contact with the waist of the human body are closer together or further apart with respect to the first hinge pin 4. The middle portions of the left lumbar piece 201 and the right lumbar piece 202 are elastically connected to the base 1 by first elastic members 5. The back support plate 3 includes a left back plate 301 and a right back plate 302 arranged side by side. The near ends of the left back plate 301 and the right back plate 302 are hinged to each other by a second hinge pin 6. The surfaces of the left back plate 301 and the right back plate 302 that are in contact with the back of the human body are closer or further away from each other with the second hinge pin 6 as the center. The middle parts of the left back plate 301 and the right back plate 302 are elastically connected to the base 1 by a first elastic member 5.

[0029] The left waist panel 201 and right waist panel 202 are hinged together, and their middle portions are connected to the base via the first elastic element 5. This allows the right waist panel 202 to restrain the left waist panel 201's rotation via the first hinge pin 4 when the user tilts to the left and compresses the left waist panel 201, causing it to twist counterclockwise, thus maintaining the left waist panel 201's posture. The hinged connection of the left and right waist panels 201 and 202 does not affect adaptability to users of different body types. For example, if a smaller user leans between the left and right waist panels 201 and 202, the joint between them will indent towards the base 1, and the separated ends of the left and right waist panels 201 and 202 will converge inwards, thus wrapping around the user's waist. When the user is larger, the separated ends of the left and right waist panels 201 and 202 can be opened appropriately to expand the accommodating range and wrap around the user's waist.

[0030] The adaptive backrest described in this embodiment is equipped with both lumbar support plate 2 and back support plate 3. In actual application, users can selectively install either lumbar support plate 2 or back support plate 3 according to their actual needs.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first elastic element 5 is preferably a spring, but elastic rubber can also be used. Two first elastic elements 5 on the waist support plate 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first hinge pin 4 and opposite to the side surface of the first hinge pin 4; two first elastic elements 5 on the back support plate 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second hinge pin 6 and opposite to the side surface of the second hinge pin 6. This arrangement reduces the shear force on the first hinge pin 4 and the second hinge pin 6 when the waist support plate 2 and the left and right ends of the back support plate 3 swing under force.

[0032] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the spring in this embodiment is a coil spring. The coil spring on the waist support plate 2 is axially parallel to the axis of the first hinge pin 4, and the coil spring on the back support plate 3 is axially parallel to the axis of the second hinge pin 6. The steel wires at both ends of the coil spring extend outward along the tangent of the coil spring to form a connecting end 501, which is bent into a U-shape. The connecting end 501 is fixedly connected to the base 1, the waist support plate 2, or the back support plate 3.

[0033] By adopting this spring structure and setting direction, the displacement of the waist support plate 2 or the back support plate 3 in the radial direction of the spring can be reduced, and the spring can be used as a fulcrum to form a more effective swing.

[0034] In practical applications, the structure of the spring can be set in a certain direction and can be adjusted appropriately, with the most basic requirement being that the waist support plate 2 or the back support plate 3 can swing elastically.

[0035] In this embodiment, the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 are each connected to the base 1 via two coaxially arranged coil springs; the left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302 are also each connected to the base 1 via two coaxially arranged coil springs; the two coil springs on the left waist piece 201 are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the right waist piece 202 are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the left back piece 301 are symmetrically arranged, and the two coil springs on the right back piece 302 are symmetrically arranged. This arrangement of coil springs can effectively improve the swing stability of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202, and the left back piece 301 and the right back piece 302, and increase the torsional resistance.

[0036] The swinging described in this embodiment refers to the offset of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 around the first hinge axis 4 in the circumferential direction. The torsion described in this embodiment refers to the rotation of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202 along the arrangement direction of the left waist piece 201 and the right waist piece 202.

[0037] The left back panel 301 and the right back panel 302 are hinged to the second hinge shaft 6 via a hinge support 7. The hinge support 7 is located in the lower middle part of the left back panel 301 and the right back panel 302, and the left back panel 301 and the right back panel 302 are separated from each other to form a gap. The hinge support 7 is connected to the rear of the left back panel 301 and the right back panel 302, so that the user will not feel uncomfortable due to the influence of the hinge support 7 when leaning against the left back panel 301 and the right back panel 302.

[0038] The edges of the left waist panel 201 and the right waist panel 202, which are close to each other, are joined together and flush on the front. The backs of the left waist panel 201 and the right waist panel 202 are respectively provided with a male connector 8 and a female connector 9 that are hinged together. A first hinge pin 4 passes through the male connector 8 and the female connector 9, hinged the left waist panel 201 and the right waist panel 202 together. The interlocking of the left waist panel 201 and the right waist panel 202 prevents the user's clothing from getting caught between the left waist panel 201 and the right waist panel 202, especially when the user's waist is away from the left waist panel 201 and the right waist panel 202.

[0039] The left lumbar support 201 and the right lumbar support 202 are raised at their proximal ends to form a raised portion 10 for supporting the lumbar spine, thereby further improving the user's lumbar comfort.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the base 1 includes a base plate 101 and a first sliding beam 102 and a second sliding beam 103 vertically slidably connected to the front of the base plate 101. The first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103 are arranged vertically. The back support plate 3 is connected to the second sliding beam 103, and the waist support plate 2 is connected to the first sliding beam 102. The first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103 are respectively provided with adjustment and locking modules 11 for locking and unlocking themselves.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, two guide grooves 19 with opposing openings are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front side of the substrate 101. The two ends of the first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103 are slidably inserted into the two guide grooves 19, and the guide grooves 19 guide the first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103 to slide in the up and down direction.

[0042] In practical applications, there are various sliding connection structures. Any structure that can achieve both guiding and sliding connection can be used for sliding connection of the first sliding beam 102, the second sliding beam 103, and the substrate 101.

[0043] like Figures 5-7As shown, any adjustment and locking module 11 in this embodiment includes a locking pin 11a extending toward the substrate, a second elastic member 11b that drives the locking pin 11a to move toward the substrate 101, and an unlocking driving block 11c that drives the locking pin 11a to move away from the substrate 101. The substrate 101 has a plurality of locking holes 12 that cooperate with the locking pin 11a. The plurality of locking holes 12 are arranged discretely in the vertical direction. When the locking pin 11a is inserted into the corresponding locking hole 12, the position of the adjustment and locking module 11 and the substrate 101 remains locked. The first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103 are provided with grooves 13 for embedding the second elastic element 11b. The second elastic element 11b and the locking pin 11a are both embedded in the grooves 13. The bottom of the locking pin 11a is enlarged and blocked by the blocking element 14 to prevent it from falling out of the groove 13. A radially extending slot 15 is opened on one side of the locking pin 11a. The inner wall of the slot 15 away from the substrate 101 is an outwardly inclined pressure-bearing slope 16. The unlocking drive block 11c is disposed on one side of the locking pin 11a and opposite to the slot 15. The unlocking drive block 11c is slidably connected to the first sliding beam 102 or the second sliding beam 103. On the sliding beam 103, one end of the unlocking drive block 11c faces the slot 15 and is provided with a pressing surface 17 that cooperates with the pressure-bearing inclined surface 16. The pressing surface 17 is also inclined. When the unlocking drive block 11c is inserted into the slot 15, the pressing surface 17 presses against the pressure-bearing inclined surface 16 of the slot 15 and squeezes the locking pin 11a against the second elastic member 11b, causing the head of the locking pin 11a to retract and separate from the lock hole 12 to achieve unlocking. After the unlocking drive block 11c is released, under the elastic force of the second elastic member 11b, the locking pin 11a pops out and inserts into the lock hole 12 to achieve locking, and at the same time drives the unlocking drive block 11c to reset.

[0044] The substrate 101 has a through hole 18 that is directly opposite the unlocking drive block 11c. When the first sliding beam 102 or the second sliding beam 103 is connected to the substrate 101, one end of the unlocking drive block 11c is inserted into the through hole 18. In this way, the user can adjust the height of the first sliding beam 101 and the second sliding beam 102 from the back of the base 1, which provides a large operating space and makes adjustment more convenient.

[0045] In practical applications, such as Figure 5 As shown, two adjustment and locking modules 11 are provided on both the first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103. The two adjustment and locking modules 11 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the first sliding beam 102 and the second sliding beam 103. The slots 15 on the mutually symmetrical locking pins 11a are arranged back to back. The user can simultaneously press the mutually symmetrical unlocking drive block 11c with his thumb and forefinger to press the two locking pins 11a into the groove 13 to unlock.

[0046] The working process of this utility model is as follows: Figures 1-7When the adaptive backrest is in use, the user's back rests against the back support plate 3, and the lower back rests against the lumbar support plate 2. When the user's back is mainly against the first elastic elements 5 on both sides of the back support plate, the hinge joint of the left back plate 301 and the right back plate 302 moves towards the base 1, causing the left back plate 301 and the right back plate 302 to swing inward and converge around the first elastic elements 5, so that the left back plate 301 and the right back plate 302 more fully wrap around the user's back, providing more support, reducing local pressure on the back, and delaying fatigue of the back skin and muscles. The lumbar support plate 2 provides similar lumbar support to the back support plate 3. However, the middle part of the lumbar support plate 2 is a continuous structure, so it can support the spine, improve the lumbar support effect, and prevent clothing from getting caught between the left lumbar support plate 201 and the right lumbar support plate 202.

[0047] Because the left lumbar support 201 and the right lumbar support 202 are hinged together, and the left back support 301 and the right back support 302 are hinged together, no matter how the user's body tilts to the side, the left lumbar support 201 and the right lumbar support 202, and the left back support 301 and the right back support 302 will not be twisted, ensuring that the lumbar support 2 and the back support 3 maintain a stable posture and extending the service life of the backrest.

[0048] When a user's height changes and the height of the lumbar support plate 2 and the back support plate 3 needs to be adjusted, simply move the unlocking drive block 11c on the first sliding beam 102 or the second sliding beam 103 to unlock the unlocking drive block 11c, then push the first sliding beam 102 or the second sliding beam 103 up and down, and then release the unlocking drive block 11c to lock it. This way, it can accommodate users of different heights.

[0049] The adaptive backrest described in this embodiment is designed to adapt to users with different waist circumferences and back widths. For users of different heights, manual adjustment is still required.

[0050] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, as well as some examples of its application, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive backrest comprising a base (1) and a lumbar support sheet (2) and / or a back support sheet (3) movably connected to the front of the base (1) respectively, characterized in that, The waist supporting piece (2) comprises left and right waist pieces (201) and (202) arranged in left and right directions, the left and right waist pieces (201) and (202) are hingedly connected to each other at proximal ends thereof through a first hinge shaft (4), and middle portions of the left and right waist pieces (201) and (202) are elastically connected to the base (1) through first elastic members (5) respectively.

2. The self-adapting backrest according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first elastic members (5) are springs or rubber blocks, two first elastic members (5) on the waist supporting piece (2) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the first hinge shaft (4) and opposite to side surfaces of the first hinge shaft (4), and two first elastic members (5) on the back supporting piece (3) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the second hinge shaft (6) and opposite to side surfaces of the second hinge shaft (6).

3. The self-adapting backrest according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spring is a coil spring, an axial direction of the coil spring on the waist supporting piece (2) is parallel to an axial direction of the first hinge shaft (4), and an axial direction of the coil spring on the back supporting piece (3) is parallel to an axial direction of the second hinge shaft (6); steel wires at two ends of the coil spring extend outward along a tangential direction of the coil spring to form connecting ends (501), and the connecting ends (501) are fixedly connected to the base (1), the waist supporting piece (2) or the back supporting piece (3).

4. The self-adapting backrest according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting ends (501) are bent into U shapes.

5. The self-adapting backrest according to claim 3, characterized in that, The left and right waist pieces (201) and (202) are connected to the base (1) through two coaxially arranged coil springs respectively, the left and right back pieces (301) and (302) are also connected to the base (1) through two coaxially arranged coil springs respectively, the two coil springs on the left waist piece (201) are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the right waist piece (202) are symmetrically arranged, the two coil springs on the left back piece (301) are symmetrically arranged, and the two coil springs on the right back piece (302) are symmetrically arranged.

6. The self-adapting backrest of claim 1, wherein, The left and right back pieces (301) and (302) are hingedly connected to the second hinge shaft (6) through hinge supports (7) located at middle lower portions of the left and right back pieces (301) and (302), the left and right back pieces (301) and (302) are separated from each other to form a gap, and edges of proximal ends of the left and right waist pieces (201) and (202) are connected to each other and flush with each other in front view, the left and right waist pieces (201) and (202) are respectively provided with a male connector (8) and a female connector (9) hingedly connected to each other at back surfaces thereof, and the first hinge shaft (4) penetrates through the male connector (8) and the female connector (9) to hinge the left and right waist pieces (201) and (202) together.

7. The self-adapting backrest according to claim 6, characterized in that, Proximal ends of the left and right waist pieces (201) and (202) are raised to form raised portions (10) for supporting lumbar vertebrae.

8. The self-adapting backrest according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The base (1) comprises a base plate (101), a first sliding beam (102) and a second sliding beam (103) vertically slidingly connected to the front of the base plate (101), the first sliding beam (102) and the second sliding beam (103) are arranged in an up-down manner, a back supporting piece (3) is connected to the second sliding beam (103), a waist supporting piece (2) is connected to the first sliding beam (102), and an adjusting locking module (11) for locking and unlocking the first sliding beam (102) and the second sliding beam (103) is arranged on the first sliding beam (102) and the second sliding beam (103) respectively.

9. The self-adapting backrest according to claim 8, characterized in that, Any adjusting locking module (11) comprises a locking pin (11a) extending towards the base plate, a second elastic member (11b) driving the locking pin (11a) to move towards the base plate (101), and an unlocking driving block (11c) driving the locking pin (11a) to move away from the base plate (101), a plurality of lock holes (12) matched with the locking pin (11a) are arranged on the base plate (101), the plurality of lock holes (12) are arranged in a discrete manner along the up-down direction, when the locking pin (11a) is inserted into the corresponding lock hole (12), the position of the adjusting locking module (11) and the base plate (101) is locked; the first sliding beam (102) and the second sliding beam (103) are provided with an embedding groove (13) for embedding the second elastic member (11b), the second elastic member (11b) and the locking pin (11a) are embedded in the embedding groove (13), the bottom of the locking pin (11a) is enlarged and blocked by a blocking piece (14) to avoid disengaging from the embedding groove (13), a radially extending insertion slot (15) is arranged on one side of the locking pin (11a), the inner wall of the side of the insertion slot (15) away from the base plate (101) is an outwardly inclined pressure inclined surface (16), the unlocking driving block (11c) is arranged on one side of the locking pin (11a) and opposite to the insertion slot (15), the unlocking driving block (11c) is slidingly connected to the first sliding beam (102) or the second sliding beam (103), one end of the unlocking driving block (11c) is opposite to the insertion slot (15) and is provided with a pressure contact surface (17) matched with the pressure inclined surface (16), the pressure contact surface (17) is also arranged in an inclined manner, when the unlocking driving block (11c) is inserted into the insertion slot (15), the pressure contact surface (17) presses the pressure inclined surface (16) of the insertion slot (15) and extrudes the locking pin (11a) towards the second elastic member (11b), so that the head of the locking pin (11a) is retracted and separated from the lock hole (12) to realize unlocking; after the unlocking driving block (11c) is released, the locking pin (11a) is ejected and inserted into the lock hole (12) to realize locking under the elastic force of the second elastic member (11b), and the unlocking driving block (11c) is driven to reset.

10. The self-adapting backrest according to claim 9, characterized in that, A through hole (18) opposite to the unlocking driving block (11c) is arranged on the base plate (101), and one end of the unlocking driving block (11c) is inserted into the through hole (18) when the first sliding beam (102) or the second sliding beam (103) is connected to the base plate (101).

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