Drop hammer seismic source device and drop hammer seismic source vehicle for urban active fault exploration

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drop hammer vibration source device and a drop hammer vibration source vehicle for urban active fault exploration. The drop hammer vibration source device comprises a drop hammer, a base plate and a lifting mechanism for lifting the drop hammer, an electromagnet is arranged in the center of the interior of the base plate, the electromagnet is powered on when the drop hammer falls, and the electromagnet is used for achieving suction of the drop hammer while the drop hammer impacts the base plate, preventing secondary impact of the drop hammer and effectively controlling the rebound problem of the drop hammer. The lifting mechanism is connected with the drop hammer in an electromagnetic chuck mode to form a double-magnetic type drop hammer vibration source system, so that the drop hammer can be lifted at any height, and the excitation energy can be effectively adjusted. And through the arrangement of the graphite metal sliding block and the replaceable sliding rail, the falling resistance of the drop hammer is greatly reduced, and maintenance is convenient. And the drop hammer and the base plate are integrally formed by adopting a casting process, so that the drop hammer is durable, reliable and long in service life. And the vehicle body is moved by adopting a universal forklift, and the stability and balance of the forklift are used for reference, so that the device is convenient to move, good in stability and suitable for urban active fault exploration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of urban active fault detection technology, and in particular to a drop hammer seismic source device and drop hammer seismic source vehicle for urban active fault exploration. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic exploration is one of the most precise and accurate methods for detecting active faults in cities. It utilizes the principle of seismic wave reflection at different soil / lithological interfaces to trace the spatial distribution of underground strata. Urban seismic exploration field data acquisition includes the excitation and reception of artificial seismic waves. The accuracy of active fault detection is determined by whether high-energy, highly stable seismic waves can be generated.

[0003] Currently, artificial seismic waves are generated in seismic exploration using various methods, including explosives, seismic guns, electric sparks, controlled seismic sources, and drop hammer seismic sources. Among these, explosive seismic sources use detonators or small-volume explosions in shallow holes to generate seismic waves (Sharp, 1942). Because explosive-generated seismic waves have a wide spectrum and rich high-frequency components, and their energy can be controlled by changing the amount of explosive, exploration depths can reach several kilometers or even tens of kilometers, making it a commonly used and effective seismic source in high-resolution seismic exploration. Seismic guns fire projectiles into water-filled or moist shallow holes, using the impact or explosion of the projectile to generate seismic waves. Since seismic guns fire projectiles vertically downwards into the hole, they provide directional firing, which facilitates the downward propagation of the generated energy. However, both explosives and seismic guns can damage road surfaces and are not suitable for detecting active faults in urban areas.

[0004] Controlled seismic sources primarily transmit a series of continuously vibrating scanning signals into the ground via a reaction mechanism using a vibrating plate tightly coupled to the earth. However, their structure is relatively complex and their cost is high. Drop hammer seismic sources, on the other hand, generate vibrations by lifting a heavy object to a certain height and then dropping it to impact the ground. They are more economical; for example, under the same excitation energy conditions, the cost of a drop hammer seismic source is generally no more than one-fifth that of a controlled seismic source. Furthermore, drop hammer seismic sources have a series of advantages, including high energy, good repeatability, no damage to the road surface, and easy mobility, making them suitable for use in urban environments.

[0005] However, the existing drop hammer source devices still have some obvious drawbacks: (1) Due to the large mass of the drop hammer, it is still inconvenient to lift and move, and the safety is poor; (2) The drop hammer and the pad itself have high strength requirements. Most of the existing drop hammers and pads are composite structures. They are prone to damage and have a short service life due to the huge instantaneous impact generated by the drop hammer; (3) The stability of the drop hammer is generally poor during the drop process, and it is easy to rebound when it contacts the hard ground or the pad, causing secondary excitation and affecting the exploration results.

[0006] It is evident that the existing drop hammer seismic source devices still have inconveniences and shortcomings, and urgently need further improvement. How to create a new drop hammer seismic source device and vehicle for urban active fault exploration, capable of solving the problems of easy damage to the seismic source device under high-energy impact conditions and the rebound problem caused by the falling hammer, while improving the stability and mobility of the falling hammer, has become a pressing goal for the industry. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a drop hammer seismic source device for urban active fault exploration, which can solve the problem of easy damage to the seismic source device under high energy impact conditions, as well as the problem of rebound generated by the drop hammer, and improve the stability and mobility of the drop hammer, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of existing drop hammer seismic source devices.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a drop hammer seismic source device for urban active fault exploration, including a drop hammer and a pad plate for being placed directly below the drop hammer, as well as a lifting mechanism for lifting the drop hammer. An electromagnet is provided at the center of the pad plate. The electromagnet is energized when the drop hammer falls, so as to attract the drop hammer while it impacts the pad plate, thereby preventing secondary impacts from the drop hammer.

[0009] In a further improvement, the lifting mechanism includes a gantry, an electromagnetic chuck, a chuck fixing plate, and a lifting cylinder. The gantry includes two opposing gantry posts and multiple U-shaped connecting rods connecting the two gantry posts. The drop hammer is located between the two gantry posts. The electromagnetic chuck is fixed to the bottom of the chuck fixing plate, which is located between the two gantry posts and fixedly connected to the extended end of the lifting cylinder. When the electromagnetic chuck is energized, the top of the drop hammer is attracted by the electromagnetic chuck and, under the action of the lifting cylinder, is lifted to a predetermined height along with the chuck fixing plate. When the electromagnetic chuck is de-energized, the drop hammer falls vertically along the gantry posts.

[0010] In a further improvement, the lifting mechanism also includes a pulley and a lifting chain. The central axis of the pulley is fixedly connected to the extended end of the lifting cylinder. One end of the lifting chain is connected to the suction cup fixing plate, and the other end of the lifting chain passes around the pulley and is connected to the U-shaped connecting rod at the bottom of the gantry. Thus, the pulley moves up and down with the extension and retraction of the lifting cylinder, and the lifting chain drives the suction cup fixing plate to move up and down with the movement of the pulley.

[0011] In a further improvement, the lifting cylinder includes two cylinders, which are respectively located next to the doorpost. The extended ends of the two lifting cylinders are provided with connecting frames, and the two ends of the connecting frames are respectively provided with pulleys, and the pulleys are respectively provided with lifting chains.

[0012] In a further improvement, detachable slide rails are embedded on opposite sides of the two gateposts, and slide grooves matching the slide rails are provided on both sides of the drop hammer.

[0013] In a further improvement, the slide rail adopts a semi-cylindrical structure, the slide groove adopts a concave arc-shaped groove, and a graphite metal slider is embedded on the arc-shaped inner wall of the slide groove, the graphite metal slider being in contact with the slide rail.

[0014] In a further improvement, the drop hammer is integrally formed using a casting process, and the inner walls of the slide grooves on both sides are provided with embedding grooves for embedding graphite metal sliders.

[0015] In a further improvement, the pad is integrally formed by casting process. The bottom of the pad is provided with a groove for installing the electromagnet. The two sides of the pad are provided with connecting through holes. The connecting through holes at both ends of the pad are respectively movably connected to the lower part of the two doorposts by chain ropes.

[0016] In a further improvement, a lifting cylinder is provided on the lower outer side of the two gateposts. The lifting cylinder drives the chain rope to achieve lifting action, thereby causing the pad to descend to the ground when in use or to detach from the ground when moving.

[0017] As a further improvement of this utility model, this utility model also provides a falling hammer seismic source vehicle for urban active fault exploration. The falling hammer seismic source vehicle includes a mobile vehicle body and the aforementioned falling hammer seismic source device. The mobile vehicle body adopts a forklift structure, and the falling hammer seismic source device is fixed to the front of the forklift structure mobile vehicle body.

[0018] With this design, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The present invention relates to a falling hammer vibration source device, which embeds an electromagnet inside a pad, so that when the falling hammer falls onto the pad, it can achieve attraction with the pad, effectively preventing the falling hammer from rebounding, thereby avoiding secondary excitation caused by the falling hammer rebounding and effectively solving the problem of falling hammer rebound.

[0020] 2. Furthermore, the lifting mechanism is connected to the drop hammer via an electromagnetic chuck, forming a dual magnetic drop hammer vibration source system. This system can not only meet the requirement of lifting the drop hammer to any height and effectively adjust the excitation energy of the drop hammer, but also effectively solve the problem of drop hammer rebound.

[0021] 3. Furthermore, by making the slide rail a replaceable structure, it is easy to replace the slide rail, facilitates maintenance, and extends service life; and by using a graphite metal slider contact between the slide rail and the drop hammer, the sliding resistance is greatly reduced, making it easier to control the impact force of the drop hammer.

[0022] 4. Furthermore, by using a casting process to integrally mold both the drop hammer and the pad, it becomes a durable and reliable impact component, avoiding the defects of existing combinations where the connection between the drop hammer and the pad breaks under continuous impact and has a short service life.

[0023] 5. Furthermore, by using chain ropes to achieve the movable connection between the pad and the gatepost, and by setting up lifting cylinders, the pad can be easily raised to the lower edge of the gatepost as the seismic source vehicle moves, and lowered to the ground before the seismic source vehicle is activated. This is flexible, convenient, and easy to operate.

[0024] 6. This utility model of a drop hammer seismic source vehicle adopts the mobile body of an existing general-purpose forklift, drawing on the stability and balance of the forklift itself, which facilitates the transport of the drop hammer seismic source device and the excitation of seismic waves when the drop hammer falls and impacts the ground, thereby improving the stability of the drop hammer and the ease of movement, making it suitable for urban active fault exploration. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The above is merely an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model, the following describes this utility model in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drop hammer vibration source device in this embodiment.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the falling hammer structure in the falling hammer source device of this embodiment.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the graphite metal slider in the drop hammer source device of this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0030] See attached document Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the drop hammer seismic source vehicle is used for urban active fault exploration. It includes a mobile vehicle body 1 and a drop hammer seismic source device 2 located at the front of the vehicle body. The mobile vehicle body 1 adopts a forklift structure, and the drop hammer seismic source device is fixed to the front of the forklift structure mobile vehicle body.

[0031] In this embodiment, the mobile vehicle body 1 adopts the mobile vehicle body part of an existing general-purpose forklift structure. It can draw on the stability and balance of the forklift itself to meet the lifting balance of the drop hammer in the drop hammer source device, and can meet the transportation of the overall drop hammer source device with a heavy drop hammer (more than 1 t), thus improving the convenience of movement. Of course, the mobile vehicle body can also adopt other vehicle body structures with mobility functions.

[0032] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 As shown, the falling hammer seismic source device 2 includes a falling hammer 21, a pad 22 positioned directly below the falling hammer 21, and a lifting mechanism for raising the falling hammer 21. When the falling hammer seismic source device 2 is moved by the mobile vehicle 1 to the location to be surveyed, the lifting mechanism raises the falling hammer 21 to a predetermined height. With the pad 22 on the ground, the lifting mechanism releases the falling hammer 21, causing it to impact the pad 22 and generate shock waves to the ground. The height at which the falling hammer 21 is raised can be set according to user needs to adjust the magnitude of the excitation energy.

[0033] The improvement in this embodiment is that an electromagnet 23 is provided at the center of the pad 22. The electromagnet 23 is energized when the hammer 21 falls, so as to attract the hammer 21 while it impacts the pad 22, preventing secondary impacts and effectively controlling the hammer's rebound.

[0034] In this embodiment, the pad 22 is integrally formed by casting process. The bottom of the pad 22 is provided with a groove 221 for installing the electromagnet 23, and the two sides of the pad 22 are provided with connecting through holes 222.

[0035] The lifting mechanism described in this embodiment includes a mast 24, an electromagnetic chuck 25, a chuck fixing plate 26, a lifting cylinder 27, a lifting chain 28, and a pulley 29. The mast 24 adopts a frame structure formed by two opposing masts 241 and multiple U-shaped connecting rods 242 connecting the two masts 241, and is used to fix it to the front of the mobile vehicle body 1 to replace the original forklift forks.

[0036] The drop hammer 21 is located between the two doorposts 241. The electromagnetic chuck 25 is fixed to the bottom of the suction cup fixing plate 26, which is also located between the two doorposts 241 and connected to the extended end of the lifting cylinder 27. When the electromagnetic chuck 25 is energized, the top of the drop hammer 21 can be attracted by the electromagnetic chuck 25, that is, it can be lifted to a predetermined height along with the suction cup fixing plate 26. When the electromagnetic chuck 25 is de-energized, the drop hammer 21 is released, causing the drop hammer 21 to fall vertically along the doorposts 241.

[0037] Specifically, there are two lifting cylinders 27, each positioned next to the gantry 241. Each of the two lifting cylinders 27 has a connecting frame 30 at its extended end. Each end of the connecting frame 30 has a pulley 29, and each pulley 29 has a corresponding lifting chain 28. One end of the lifting chain 28 is connected to the suction cup fixing plate 26, and the other end of the lifting chain 28 passes around the pulley 29 and connects to the U-shaped connecting rod 242 at the lower part of the gantry. The pulley 29 moves up and down with the extension and retraction of the lifting cylinders 27. Since the lower end of the lifting chain 28 is fixed by the U-shaped connecting rod 242, its upper end relies on the rolling of the pulley 29 to drive the lifting and lowering of the suction cup fixing plate 26.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, slide rails 31 are embedded on opposite sides of both gateposts 241, and slide grooves 211 matching the slide rails 31 are provided on both sides of the drop hammer 21. The cooperation between the slide rails 31 and the slide grooves 211 ensures that the drop hammer 21 falls vertically, avoids deviation and accidents, and improves safety.

[0039] Specifically, the slide rail 31 adopts a hollow semi-cylindrical structure, with its flat side inserted into the recessed groove of the door post 241, and its arc-shaped side opposite to the slide groove 211. The slide groove 211 adopts an inwardly concave arc-shaped groove that matches the arc-shaped side of the slide rail 31. Preferably, the slide rail 31 can be freely inserted and removed along the recessed groove, forming a detachable slide rail, which facilitates the replacement of the slide rail and is convenient for maintenance.

[0040] To reduce frictional resistance during the fall of the hammer, graphite metal sliders 32 are embedded in the arc-shaped inner walls of the slide grooves 211. These graphite metal sliders 32 contact the slide rails 31, significantly reducing the resistance as the hammer slides down. In this embodiment, the hammer 21 is integrally formed using a casting process, greatly improving its impact resistance. The inner walls of the slide grooves 211 on both sides of the hammer 21 are provided with embedding grooves 212 for embedding the graphite metal sliders 32, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 and 3 As shown.

[0041] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 As shown, the two ends of the pad 22 are movably connected to the bottom ends of the two gateposts 241 via chains 33. Specifically, in this embodiment, lifting cylinders 34 are provided on the outer sides of the bottom ends of the two gateposts 241. The lifting cylinders 34 can drive the chains 33 to achieve lifting and lowering, thereby causing the pad 22 to descend to the ground when in the survey state, and to detach from the ground for easy movement when the seismic source vehicle moves.

[0042] The complete vibration source excitation process of this novel falling hammer vibration source vehicle is as follows:

[0043] (1) The mobile vehicle 1 moves the drop hammer source device 2 to the required survey location, the extended end of the lifting cylinder 34 is retracted, and the pad 22 is lowered to the ground;

[0044] (2) When the suction cup fixing plate 26 moves down under the action of the lifting cylinder 27 and contacts the drop hammer 21, the electromagnetic suction cup 25 is energized, attracts the top of the drop hammer 21, and lifts the drop hammer 21 under the drive of the lifting cylinder 27.

[0045] (3) After the drop hammer 21 reaches the predetermined height, the electromagnetic chuck 25 is de-energized, and at the same time the electromagnet 23 in the pad 22 is energized. The drop hammer 21 falls and impacts the pad 22 and attracts the pad 22, generating high-energy seismic waves.

[0046] (4) When the electromagnet 23 is de-energized, repeat steps (2) and (3) above to complete the next excitation.

[0047] This utility model of a drop hammer seismic source vehicle is perfectly compatible with existing general-purpose forklifts. By drawing on the stability and balance of the forklift itself, it can improve the mobility of the drop hammer seismic source device and enhance the stability of the drop hammer impacting the ground, making it suitable for urban active fault exploration.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes or alterations made by those skilled in the art using the above-disclosed technical content shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A drop hammer seismic source device for urban active fault exploration, characterized in that, It includes a drop hammer and a pad plate positioned directly below the drop hammer, as well as a lifting mechanism for lifting the drop hammer. An electromagnet is provided at the center of the pad plate. The electromagnet is energized when the drop hammer falls, so as to attract the drop hammer while it impacts the pad plate, thus preventing secondary impacts from the drop hammer.

2. The falling hammer seismic source device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes a gantry, an electromagnetic chuck, a chuck fixing plate, and a lifting cylinder. The gantry includes two opposing gantry posts and multiple U-shaped connecting rods connecting the two gantry posts. The drop hammer is located between the two gantry posts. The electromagnetic chuck is fixed to the bottom of the chuck fixing plate, which is located between the two gantry posts and fixedly connected to the extended end of the lifting cylinder. When the electromagnetic chuck is energized, the top of the drop hammer is attracted by the electromagnetic chuck and, under the action of the lifting cylinder, is lifted to a predetermined height along with the chuck fixing plate. When the electromagnetic chuck is de-energized, the drop hammer falls vertically along the gantry posts.

3. The falling hammer seismic source device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism also includes a pulley and a lifting chain. The central axis of the pulley is fixedly connected to the extended end of the lifting cylinder. One end of the lifting chain is connected to the suction cup fixing plate, and the other end of the lifting chain passes around the pulley and is connected to the U-shaped connecting rod at the bottom of the gantry. The pulley moves up and down with the extension and retraction of the lifting cylinder, and the lifting chain drives the suction cup fixing plate to move up and down with the movement of the pulley.

4. The falling hammer seismic source device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lifting cylinder includes two cylinders, which are respectively arranged next to the door post. The extended ends of the two lifting cylinders are provided with connecting frames, and the two ends of the connecting frames are respectively provided with pulleys, and the pulleys are respectively provided with lifting chains.

5. The falling hammer seismic source device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two gateposts are each fitted with a detachable slide rail on opposite sides, and the drop hammer is provided with a slide groove on each side that matches the slide rail.

6. The falling hammer seismic source device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The slide rail adopts a semi-cylindrical structure, the slide groove adopts a concave arc-shaped groove, and a graphite metal slider is embedded on the arc-shaped inner wall of the slide groove, the graphite metal slider is in contact with the slide rail.

7. The falling hammer seismic source device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drop hammer is integrally formed by casting process, and the inner walls of the slide grooves on both sides are provided with embedding grooves for embedding graphite metal sliders.

8. The falling hammer vibration source device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pad is integrally formed by casting process. The bottom of the pad is provided with a groove for installing the electromagnet. The two sides of the pad are provided with connecting through holes. The connecting through holes at both ends of the pad are respectively movably connected to the lower part of the two gateposts by chain ropes.

9. The falling hammer seismic source device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lower outer side of the two gateposts is also equipped with a lifting cylinder, which drives the chain rope to achieve lifting action, thereby driving the pad to descend to the ground when in use or to detach from the ground when moving.

10. A drop hammer seismic source vehicle for urban active fault exploration, characterized in that, The device includes a mobile vehicle body and a drop hammer source device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the mobile vehicle body adopts a forklift structure and the drop hammer source device is fixed to the front of the mobile vehicle body with the forklift structure.

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