Robot feeding and discharging mechanism for PCB testing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a robot feeding and discharging mechanism for PCB testing. The robot feeding and discharging mechanism comprises a grabbing mechanism, a transferring mechanism arranged on the periphery of the grabbing mechanism and a detecting mechanism arranged in the middle of the transferring mechanism. The grabbing mechanism comprises a grabbing base and a rotating component arranged above the grabbing base. The transfer mechanism and the detection mechanism are distributed on one side of the grabbing base in a fan-shaped structure, and the rotating component is used for grabbing and moving a PCB; the moving mechanism comprises a discharging assembly and a feeding assembly opposite to the discharging assembly. The detection mechanism comprises an ICT detection assembly, and the ICT detection assembly is used for detecting electrical faults and element errors of the PCB. According to the PCB grabbing device, the PCB can be firmly sucked through the adsorption force generated by vibration, it is ensured that the PCB cannot fall off or be damaged in the transferring process, the grabbing mode is suitable for PCBs of different sizes and weights, and the stable grabbing effect can be kept in the complex testing environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of loading and unloading mechanisms, and more particularly to a robotic loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing. Background Technology

[0002] In the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) manufacturing industry, accurate testing of PCBs is a crucial step in ensuring product quality and performance. Traditional PCB testing often relies on manual handling for loading and unloading, which is not only inefficient but also prone to errors due to human factors. With the continuous development of automation technology, more and more companies are seeking automated solutions to improve testing efficiency and accuracy.

[0003] However, existing PCB testing robot loading and unloading mechanisms still have some design shortcomings. For example, some mechanisms, due to their single gripping method, often struggle to adapt to PCBs of different sizes and weights, leading to unstable gripping and a tendency for boards to fall off or be damaged during transport. Furthermore, some mechanisms have poorly designed transport mechanisms that cannot accurately adjust the position of the PCBs, thus affecting testing accuracy. For instance, the utility model patent application number 202320000919.5 describes a pneumatic testing mechanism for a robot CNC loading and unloading device, comprising a housing. A support body is fixedly connected to one side of the housing. Screws are threaded to both the front and rear sides of the support body. A clamp is rotatably connected to one side of the screws. A slide rod is fixedly connected to one side of the support body. The other side of the slide rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing. A U-shaped slider is slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide rod. Sliding columns are slidably connected to both the front and rear sides of the U-shaped slider, and a limit block is fixedly connected to one end of each sliding column.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve an existing robotic loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a robotic loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing, comprising: a gripping mechanism, a transfer mechanism disposed around the gripping mechanism, and a detection mechanism disposed in the middle of the transfer mechanism;

[0007] The gripping mechanism includes a gripping base and a rotating component disposed above the gripping base; the transfer mechanism and the detection mechanism are distributed in a fan-shaped structure on one side of the gripping base, and the rotating component is used to grip and move the PCB board;

[0008] The transfer mechanism includes a feeding component and a feeding component arranged opposite to the feeding component; the feeding component and the feeding component are arranged on both sides of the gripping base, and the detection mechanism is arranged between the feeding component and the feeding component;

[0009] The testing organization includes: ICT testing components, which are used to detect electrical faults and component errors on PCB boards.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it further includes an outer support frame. The gripping mechanism, the transfer mechanism, and the detection mechanism are all disposed inside the outer support frame. A control panel is provided on the outer support frame for controlling and viewing the detection of the PCB board.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating component includes a first rotating part, a second rotating part, a third rotating part, and a fourth rotating part disposed on the gripping base; the fourth rotating part is provided with a gripper, and the gripper is provided with a plurality of vibrating suction cups.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rotating motor is fixedly connected to the gripping base. The rotating motor is located on the top inner side of the gripping base, and the output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rotating part.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first rotating part includes a rotating rod and a rotating motor disposed inside the rotating rod; the rotating motor is disposed at one end of the rotating rod, and the first rotating part, the second rotating part, the third rotating part and the fourth rotating part have the same structure and are connected in sequence.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding assembly includes a feeding base, a frame disposed on the feeding base, and a conveying part disposed inside the frame; a conveying plate is slidably connected to the top of the frame, and the conveying part is used to drive the conveying plate to move back and forth.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding assembly includes a feeding base and a conveyor belt disposed on the feeding base; a feeding motor is disposed on one side of the conveyor belt, and the feeding motor is used to drive the conveyor belt.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conveying unit includes a conveying motor and a pulley connected to the conveying motor; the conveying plate is fixedly connected to the pulley.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the pulley assembly includes several synchronous pulleys and a synchronous belt connected to the synchronous pulleys; the synchronous pulleys are fixedly connected to the output shaft of the conveyor motor.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the synchronous belt is arranged in a ring shape, and the synchronous ground layer is fixedly connected to the conveyor plate.

[0019] This utility model solves the defects existing in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention provides a robotic loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing. Through a gripping base and rotating components, along with a transfer and detection mechanism arranged in a fan-shaped structure on one side of the gripping base, it achieves flexible and efficient gripping and transfer of PCB boards. The rotating components can move and rotate in multiple directions, precisely adjusting the position of the PCB board. Several vibrating suction cups on the fourth rotating part firmly grasp the PCB board through the suction force generated by vibration, ensuring that it will not fall off or be damaged during transfer. This gripping method is suitable not only for PCB boards of different sizes and weights but also maintains stable gripping performance in complex testing environments. Furthermore, through the real-time monitoring and feedback function of the control panel, operators can easily control the movement trajectory and speed of the gripping mechanism, ensuring that the PCB board is accurately placed on the transfer and detection mechanisms. This flexible and efficient gripping and transfer capability not only improves testing efficiency but also reduces testing errors caused by improper operation or equipment malfunction.

[0021] This invention provides a robotic loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing. By integrating a gripping mechanism, a transfer mechanism, and a detection mechanism, it realizes the automatic loading, unloading, and detection process of PCB boards. Simply place the PCB board on the loading component, and the mechanism can automatically complete a series of actions such as gripping, transfer, detection, and unloading, which greatly improves testing efficiency and automation level. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0023] Figure 1 This is a perspective structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gripping mechanism structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding assembly structure of a preferred embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding assembly structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gripper structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Gripping mechanism; 10. First rotating part; 11. Second rotating part; 12. Third rotating part; 13. Fourth rotating part; 14. Rotating rod; 15. Gripping base; 16. Gripper; 17. Vibrating suction cup; 2. Transfer mechanism; 20. Feeding assembly; 201. Feeding base; 202. Conveyor belt; 21. Unloading assembly; 211. Feeding base; 212. Frame; 213. Conveying part; 214. Conveying plate; 3. Detection mechanism; 30. ICT detection assembly; 31. Peripheral support frame; 32. Control panel. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which are only used to illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0030] As shown in the figure, a robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing includes: a gripping mechanism 1, a transfer mechanism 2 disposed around the gripping mechanism 1, and a detection mechanism 3 disposed in the middle of the transfer mechanism 2.

[0031] The testing unit 3 includes an ICT testing component 30, which is used to detect electrical faults and component errors on the PCB board.

[0032] It should be noted that the ICT testing component 30 is an online testing technology used to detect various electrical faults and component errors on circuit board assemblies (PCBAs). Internally, it includes open / short circuit testing modules, component parameter testing modules, capacitive coupling testing modules, and diode and LED testing modules. The open / short circuit testing module applies signals to specific lines on the circuit board to detect abnormal connections (short circuits) or breaks (open circuits) between lines. By monitoring signal transmission, the system can quickly identify the location of the line fault. The component parameter testing module measures the electrical parameters of components such as resistors, capacitors, and crystal oscillators on the circuit board, such as resistance, capacitance, and frequency, as well as whether the voltage values ​​meet design standards. By comparing preset values ​​with measured values, the system can detect problems such as incorrect component selection, performance deviations, or damage. The capacitive coupling testing (frame scan) module utilizes the principle of capacitive coupling to detect the integrity of signal paths on the circuit board in a non-contact manner, assessing signal transmission quality and identifying potential signal interference or attenuation problems. The diode and LED testing module tests the forward conduction and reverse cutoff characteristics of diodes to ensure that the diodes function normally. For LEDs, the light signals emitted by the LEDs are received by a photosensitive device, and the color of the LEDs is identified through analysis to determine whether there are problems such as incorrect materials, missing parts, or reverse installation.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an outer support frame 31 is also included. The gripping mechanism 1, the transfer mechanism 2 and the detection mechanism 3 are all disposed inside the outer support frame 31. A control panel 32 is provided on the outer support frame 31 for controlling and viewing the detection of the PCB board.

[0034] It should be noted that the control panel 32 is mounted on the external support frame 31, providing operators with an intuitive and convenient operating interface. Through this control panel 32, operators can easily input various test parameters, such as test voltage, test frequency, and test time, to meet the testing requirements of different PCB boards. With the real-time monitoring and feedback function of the control panel 32, operators can more accurately understand the test status and problems of the PCB board, and thus take timely measures to repair and optimize, ensuring that the quality and performance of the PCB board meet the design requirements.

[0035] The gripping mechanism 1 includes a gripping base 15 and a rotating component disposed above the gripping base 15; the transfer mechanism 2 and the detection mechanism 3 are distributed in a fan-shaped structure on one side of the gripping base 15, and the rotating component is used to grip and move the PCB board.

[0036] In this utility model, the rotating components include a first rotating part 10, a second rotating part 11, a third rotating part 12, and a fourth rotating part 13 disposed on the gripping base 15; a gripper 16 is disposed on the fourth rotating part 13, and a plurality of vibrating suction cups 17 are disposed on the gripper 16; a rotating motor is fixedly connected to the gripping base 15, the rotating motor is disposed on the top inner side of the gripping base 15, and the output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rotating part 10; the first rotating part 10 includes a rotating rod 14, and a rotating motor disposed on the inner side of the rotating rod 14; the rotating motor is disposed at one end of the rotating rod 14, and the first rotating part, the second rotating part 11, the third rotating part 12, and the fourth rotating part 13 have the same structure and are connected in sequence.

[0037] It should be noted that the gripping base 15, the first rotating part 10, the second rotating part 11, the third rotating part 12, and the fourth rotating part 13 are arranged in a sequentially rotatably connected configuration. One end of the rotating rod 14 of the first rotating part 10 is rotatably connected to the gripping base 15, and the other end is rotatably connected to one end of the second rotating part 11. The third rotating part 12 and the fourth rotating part 13 are also arranged in this manner. A rotating motor is provided in both the gripping base 15 and the rotating rods 14. The output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod 14 of the subsequent rotating part. Thus, the rotating rod 14 is moved and rotated in various directions by the drive of the rotating motors, thereby moving and adjusting the position of the PCB board so that the PCB board can be accurately placed on the transfer mechanism and the detection mechanism 3. A number of vibrating suction cups 17 are fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating rod 14 of the first rotating part 10. The vibrating suction cups 17 are used to pick up the PCB board.

[0038] The transfer mechanism includes a feeding component 21 and a feeding component 20 opposite to the feeding component 21; the feeding component 21 and the feeding component 20 are disposed on both sides of the gripping base 15, and the detection mechanism 3 is disposed between the feeding component 21 and the feeding component 20.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding assembly 21 includes a feeding base 211, a frame 212 disposed on the feeding base 211, and a conveying part 213 disposed inside the frame 212; a conveying plate 214 is slidably connected to the top of the frame 212, and the conveying part 213 is used to drive the conveying plate 214 to move back and forth.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding assembly 20 includes a feeding base 201 and a conveyor belt 202 disposed on the feeding base 201; a feeding motor is disposed on one side of the conveyor belt 202, and the feeding motor is used to drive the conveyor belt 202.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conveying part 213 includes a conveying motor and a pulley connected to the conveying motor; the conveying plate 214 is fixedly connected to the pulley.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the pulley assembly includes several synchronous pulleys and a synchronous belt connected to the synchronous pulleys; the synchronous pulleys are fixedly connected to the output shaft of the conveyor motor.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the synchronous belt is arranged in a ring shape, and the synchronous ground layer is fixedly connected to the conveyor plate 214.

[0044] It should be noted that the loading component 20 and the unloading component 21 are respectively set on both sides of the gripping base 15. After the operator feeds the PCB board onto the conveyor belt 202 of the loading component 20, the loading motor drives the conveyor belt 202 to rotate, and then the PCB board is transported from the outside of the outer frame 31 to the inside of the outer frame 31 via the conveyor belt 202. At this time, the rotating component rotates, driving the vibrating suction cup 17 to adsorb the PCB board and adjust its position to move it to the ICT detection component 30 for detection. Finally, the rotating component drives the vibrating suction cup 17 to adsorb the PCB board again and transfer it to the unloading component 21. At this time, the conveyor motor of the conveyor plate 214 rotates, which drives the synchronous wheel to rotate. The synchronous wheel drives the synchronous belt to rotate, thereby driving the conveyor plate 214 and moving the PCB board on the conveyor plate 214 to the outside of the outer frame 31 for sorting. After that, the conveyor motor rotates in the opposite direction, driving the conveyor plate 214 to move to the inside of the outer frame 31 to pick up the next PCB board.

[0045] Based on the preferred embodiments of this utility model described above, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing, comprising: The grabbing mechanism (1), the transfer mechanism (2) arranged around the grabbing mechanism (1), and the detection mechanism (3) arranged in the middle of the transfer mechanism (2) are characterized in that: The grabbing mechanism (1) comprises a grabbing base (15) and a rotating part arranged above the grabbing base (15); the transfer mechanism (2) and the detection mechanism (3) are arranged on one side of the grabbing base (15) in a fan-shaped structure, and the rotating part is used for grabbing and moving the PCB board; The transfer mechanism comprises a discharging assembly (21) and a feeding assembly (20) oppositely arranged with the discharging assembly (21); the discharging assembly (21) and the feeding assembly (20) are arranged on both sides of the grabbing base (15), and the detection mechanism (3) is arranged between the discharging assembly (21) and the feeding assembly (20); The detection mechanism (3) comprises an ICT detection assembly (30) for detecting electrical faults and component errors of the PCB board.

2. The robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising a peripheral stand (31), the grabbing mechanism (1), the transfer mechanism (2) and the detection mechanism (3) are arranged inside the peripheral stand (31), and a control panel (32) is arranged on the peripheral stand (31) for controlling and checking the detection of the PCB board.

3. The robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating part comprises a first rotating part (10), a second rotating part (11), a third rotating part (12) and a fourth rotating part (13) arranged on the grabbing base (15); one end of the fourth rotating part (13) is fixedly connected with a gripper (16), and a plurality of vibration suction cups (17) are arranged on the gripper (16).

4. The robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating motor is fixedly connected to the grabbing base (15) and arranged at the top inside of the grabbing base (15), and the output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rotating part (10).

5. The robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first rotating part (10) comprises a rotating rod (14) and a rotating motor arranged inside the rotating rod (14); the rotating motor is arranged at one end of the rotating rod (14), and the first rotating part, the second rotating part (11), the third rotating part (12) and the fourth rotating part (13) are the same in structure and are connected in sequence.

6. The robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharging assembly (21) comprises a feeding base (211), a frame (212) arranged on the feeding base (211), and a conveying part (213) arranged inside the frame (212); the top of the frame (212) is slidingly connected with a conveying plate (214), and the conveying part (213) is used for reciprocally moving the conveying plate (214).

7. The robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (20) comprises a feeding base (201) and a conveyor belt (202) arranged on the feeding base (201); one side of the conveyor belt (202) is provided with a feeding motor, and the feeding motor is used for driving the conveyor belt (202).

8. The robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conveying part (213) comprises a conveying motor and a pulley connected with the conveying motor; and the conveying plate (214) is fixedly connected with the pulley.

9. The robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The belt wheel piece is provided with a plurality of synchronous wheels, and a synchronous belt connected with the synchronous wheels; the synchronous wheels are fixedly connected with the output shaft of the conveying motor.

10. The robot loading and unloading mechanism for PCB testing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The synchronous belt is arranged in a ring shape, and the synchronous upper layer is fixedly connected with the conveying plate (214).

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