Flow guide structure system for preventing ice rock from impacting hydraulic structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of geological disaster catastrophe and prevention and control, and discloses a flow guide structure system for preventing and controlling ice rock from impacting a hydraulic structure, which comprises a flow path, a flow direction and a hydraulic structure system with a dam, the dam-containing hydraulic structure system is arranged behind the flowing path, the flowing path is sequentially provided with a crushing device, a flow guide structure group, a strong friction protection slope and a multi-direction flow dividing device, and a monitoring device is arranged on the outer side of the strong friction protection slope. According to the flow guide structure system for preventing the ice rock from impacting the hydraulic structure, when the ice rock collapses and impacts, large blocks can be crushed and converted into clastic flows through the crushing device, then the clastic flows flow through the flow guide structure group to control the flowing direction of the clastic flows, the clastic flows are guided to a slope protection area, and therefore the safety of the hydraulic structure system containing a dam is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geological disaster and prevention technology, specifically a diversion structure system for preventing ice and rock impact on hydraulic structures. Background Technology

[0002] Ice-rock avalanches are a special type of high-speed, long-distance landslide. During their sliding, they are affected by various mechanical factors, resulting in speeds of up to 100 meters per second and strong destructive power. With rising temperatures and glacier retreat, this type of disaster is occurring more and more frequently in plateau regions. Therefore, preventing ice-rock avalanches from damaging hydraulic structures is of paramount importance. Utility Model Content

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a flow-guiding structure system for preventing ice and rock debris from impacting hydraulic structures, thus solving the problem of potential impact damage to hydraulic structures caused by ice and rock debris flows.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objective of preventing the impact damage that ice and rock debris flows may cause to hydraulic structures, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a flow guiding structure system for preventing ice and rock debris from impacting hydraulic structures, comprising a flow path, a flow direction, and a hydraulic structure system containing a dam. The flow direction is set on the flow path, and the hydraulic structure system containing the dam is set behind the flow path. A breaking device, a flow guiding structure group, a high-friction slope, and a multi-directional diversion device are sequentially arranged on the flow path. A monitoring device is set on the outer side of the high-friction slope.

[0007] Preferably, the crushing device includes crushing piles and crushing pile foundations, with a crushing platform provided between the crushing piles and the crushing pile foundations. The crushing piles are positioned above the crushing platform, and the crushing pile foundations are positioned below the crushing platform.

[0008] Preferably, the flow guiding structure group includes a flow guiding structure retaining wall, a flow guiding structure toothed sill, a flow guiding structure guide wall, and a flow guiding structure foundation. A flow guiding platform is provided between the flow guiding structure retaining wall and the flow guiding structure foundation. The flow guiding structure retaining wall is located above the flow guiding platform, the flow guiding structure foundation is located below the flow guiding platform, the flow guiding structure toothed sill is located on the side of the flow guiding structure retaining wall, and the flow guiding structure guide wall is located on the side of the flow guiding structure toothed sill.

[0009] Preferably, the monitoring device includes a radar device, which is located in an area far from the path of the ice avalanche.

[0010] Preferably, the high-friction slope protection includes a friction sill, a water-absorbing material layer, and friction-type anchors, wherein the friction sill is disposed above the water-absorbing material layer, and the friction-type anchors are disposed below the water-absorbing material layer.

[0011] Preferably, the multi-directional diversion device includes a diversion wall, a rotating device, and a diversion device foundation. A diversion platform is provided between the diversion wall and the diversion device foundation. The rotating device is located above the diversion platform, the diversion device foundation is located below the diversion platform, and the diversion wall is located on the rotating device.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a flow-diverting structure system for preventing ice and rock impact on hydraulic structures, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The flow diversion structure system for preventing ice and rock impact on hydraulic structures is fixed to one side of the hydraulic structure by reinforced concrete pile foundations. The diversion device foundation is mainly used to fix the diversion wall. After the radar device collects data, it analyzes the location where the debris flow mainly impacts the hydraulic structure. The rotating device starts to work, rotating the diversion wall to divert the debris flow to the surrounding area that does not affect the hydraulic structure, thus ensuring the normal and safe operation of the hydraulic structure.

[0014] 2. The flow-guiding structure system of this hydraulic structure for preventing ice and rock impact consists of a flow-guiding retaining wall, a flow-guiding toothed sill, a flow-guiding wall, and a flow-guiding foundation, all fixed to the landslide path by a concrete-cast pile foundation. The flow-guiding retaining wall blocks the path of the ice and rock debris flow, while the flow-guiding wall controls the direction of the flow. The flow-guiding toothed sill reduces the speed of the ice and rock debris flow. After passing through the flow-guiding structure, the direction of the ice and rock debris flow changes, which also serves to dissipate some energy. The debris flow then flows into the high-friction slope protection area. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structural break pile of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guiding structure and flow guiding wall of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the friction bottom sill structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flow divider wall structure of this utility model.

[0020] The components include: 1. Flow direction; 2. Hydraulic structure system including dam; 3. Breaker piles; 4. Breaker pile foundation; 5. Guide structure retaining wall; 6. Guide structure toothed sill; 7. Guide structure guide wall; 8. Guide structure foundation; 9. Radar device; 10. Friction sill; 11. Water-absorbing material layer; 12. Friction type anchor; 13. Diversion wall; 14. Rotating device; 15. Diversion device foundation; 16. Flow path. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, not to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-5 This utility model provides a flow guiding structure system for preventing ice and rock impact on hydraulic structures, including a flow path 16, a flow direction 1, and a hydraulic structure system 2 containing a dam. The flow direction 1 is set on the flow path 16, and the hydraulic structure system 2 containing a dam is set behind the flow path 16. A crushing device, a flow guiding structure group, a high-friction slope, and a multi-directional diversion device are sequentially arranged on the flow path 16. A monitoring device is set on the outside of the high-friction slope. By sequentially setting the crushing pile 3, the flow guiding structure retaining wall 5, the friction bottom sill 10, and the diversion wall 13 on the ice and rock flow path 16, the ice and rock can be crushed and guided in the subsequent process.

[0023] Furthermore, the crushing device includes crushing piles 3 and crushing pile foundations 4. A crushing platform is set between the crushing piles 3 and the crushing pile foundations 4. The crushing piles 3 are set above the crushing platform, and the crushing pile foundations 4 are set below the crushing platform. The crushing piles 3 are quadrangular prisms made of high-strength reinforced concrete and are arranged in three layers in a staggered pattern. The crushing piles 3 and the crushing pile foundations 4 are fixed on the landslide path by a concrete-cast pile foundation. The length-to-width ratio of the crushing piles 3 is set at 3:2. When the ice and rock avalanche reaches this area, it impacts the crushing piles 3, causing large objects to break into debris flows. The debris flows then move into the diversion structure group.

[0024] Furthermore, the flow guiding structure group includes a flow guiding structure retaining wall 5, a flow guiding structure toothed sill 6, a flow guiding structure guide wall 7, and a flow guiding structure foundation 8. A flow guiding platform is provided between the flow guiding structure retaining wall 5 and the flow guiding structure foundation 8. The flow guiding structure retaining wall 5 is located above the flow guiding platform, and the flow guiding structure foundation 8 is located below the flow guiding platform. The flow guiding structure toothed sill 6 is located on the side of the flow guiding structure retaining wall 5, and the flow guiding structure guide wall 7 is located on the side of the flow guiding structure toothed sill 6. The flow guiding structure retaining wall 5, flow guiding structure toothed sill 6, flow guiding structure guide wall 7, and flow guiding structure foundation 8 adopt... Made of concrete, the guide structure retaining wall 5, guide structure toothed sill 6, guide structure guide wall 7, and guide structure foundation 8 are fixed on the landslide path by a concrete pile foundation. The guide structure retaining wall 5 is used to block the advance path of the ice and rock debris flow. Then, the guide structure guide wall 7 is used to control the movement direction of the ice and rock debris flow. The guide structure toothed sill 6 is used to reduce the movement speed of the ice and rock debris flow. After the ice and rock debris flow passes through the guide structure, the movement direction is changed, which also plays a certain role in energy dissipation. Then the debris flow flows into the high friction slope protection area.

[0025] Furthermore, the monitoring device includes a radar device 9, which is located in an area far from the ice and rock avalanche path. The radar device 9 uses GAMMA radar equipment and is located in an area far from the ice and rock avalanche path to monitor the movement of debris flow over the high friction slope. When the debris flow passes through the high friction slope, the radar device 9 begins to monitor the flow velocity, flow rate and main flow area of ​​the debris flow, and collects data to the background system for controlling the rotation direction of the multi-directional diversion device.

[0026] Furthermore, the high-friction slope protection includes a friction sill 10, a water-absorbing material layer 11, and friction anchors 12. The friction sill 10 is positioned above the water-absorbing material layer 11, and the friction anchors 12 are positioned below the water-absorbing material layer 11. The friction sill 10 is configured as a grid structure. The slope protection is constructed of concrete friction sills 10. Water-absorbing material is placed in the grids where friction sills 10 are not installed. The friction anchors 12 are anchored below the ground surface to fix the slope protection. When the ice and rock debris flow changes direction and flows into the area under the action of the flow guiding structure group, most of its kinetic energy is consumed under the action of the friction sill 10. During the movement of the debris flow, the water generated by the melting ice is absorbed by the water-absorbing material layer 11, and most of the energy is consumed, causing the speed to gradually decrease.

[0027] Furthermore, the multi-directional flow diversion device includes a flow diversion wall 13, a rotating device 14, and a flow diversion device foundation 15. A flow diversion platform is provided between the flow diversion wall 13 and the flow diversion device foundation 15. The rotating device 14 is located above the flow diversion platform, and the flow diversion device foundation 15 is located below the flow diversion platform. The flow diversion wall 13 is located on the rotating device 14. Multiple flow diversion walls 13 are provided, and the flow diversion walls 13 are designed in a petal shape. A rotating device 14 is set at the center of each flow diversion wall. The flow diversion wall 13 is fixed to the side of the hydraulic structure impacted by the ice and rock avalanche through a reinforced concrete pile foundation. The flow diversion device foundation 15 is mainly used to fix the flow diversion wall 13. After the radar device 9 collects data and analyzes the location where the debris flow mainly impacts the hydraulic structure, the rotating device 14 starts to work, rotating the flow diversion wall 13 to divert the debris flow to the surrounding area that does not affect the hydraulic structure, thereby protecting the normal operation of the hydraulic structure.

[0028] In use, the breaking piles 3, the flow-guiding retaining wall 5, the friction sill 10, and the diversion wall 13 are sequentially installed on the flow path 16 of the ice and rock avalanche. The breaking piles 3 are composed of quadrangular prisms, which break larger blocks into debris flow when the ice and rock avalanche impacts. The debris then flows through the flow-guiding retaining wall 5, and the direction of the debris flow is controlled by the flow-guiding toothed sill 6 and the flow-guiding wall 7, guiding it to the slope protection area. The friction sill 10 is set in the slope protection area to slow down the debris flow and retain the water in the debris flow in this area. At the same time, a radar device 9 is set on the side of the slope protection to monitor various parameters when the debris flow passes through this area. Then, the rotation direction of the diversion wall 13 is adjusted according to the monitored parameters to guide the debris flow to avoid hydraulic structures. This structural system has a significant effect on the prevention and control of ice and rock avalanche and is a good protective measure for hydraulic structures, with strong promotion and application value.

[0029] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flow-guiding structure system for preventing ice and rock impact on hydraulic structures, comprising a flow path (16), a flow direction (1), and a hydraulic structure system including a dam (2), characterized in that: The flow direction (1) is set on the flow path (16), the hydraulic structure system (2) including the dam is set behind the flow path (16), and the flow path (16) is sequentially equipped with a crushing device, a flow guiding structure group, a high friction slope and a multi-directional flow diversion device, and a monitoring device is set on the outside of the high friction slope.

2. The flow-diverting structure system for preventing ice and rock impact in hydraulic structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing device includes a crushing pile (3) and a crushing pile foundation (4). A crushing platform is provided between the crushing pile (3) and the crushing pile foundation (4). The crushing pile (3) is located above the crushing platform, and the crushing pile foundation (4) is located below the crushing platform.

3. The flow-diverting structure system for preventing ice and rock impact in hydraulic structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guiding structure group includes a flow guiding structure retaining wall (5), a flow guiding structure toothed sill (6), a flow guiding structure guide wall (7), and a flow guiding structure foundation (8). A flow guiding platform is provided between the flow guiding structure retaining wall (5) and the flow guiding structure foundation (8). The flow guiding structure retaining wall (5) is located above the flow guiding platform, and the flow guiding structure foundation (8) is located below the flow guiding platform. The flow guiding structure toothed sill (6) is located on the side of the flow guiding structure retaining wall (5), and the flow guiding structure guide wall (7) is located on the side of the flow guiding structure toothed sill (6).

4. The flow-diverting structure system for preventing ice and rock impact in hydraulic structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring device includes a radar device (9), which is located in an area far from the path of the ice avalanche.

5. The flow-diverting structure system for preventing ice and rock impact in hydraulic structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-friction slope protection includes a friction sill (10), a water-absorbing material layer (11), and a friction anchor (12). The friction sill (10) is located above the water-absorbing material layer (11), and the friction anchor (12) is located below the water-absorbing material layer (11).

6. The flow-diverting structure system for preventing ice and rock impact in hydraulic structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-directional diversion device includes a diversion wall (13), a rotating device (14), and a diversion device foundation (15). A diversion platform is provided between the diversion wall (13) and the diversion device foundation (15). The rotating device (14) is located above the diversion platform, and the diversion device foundation (15) is located below the diversion platform. The diversion wall (13) is located on the rotating device (14).

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