Transition structure for signal transmission
By setting transition sections and arc-shaped structures in the transition structure from coplanar waveguide to microstrip line, the problem of high signal loss in high-speed application scenarios is solved, and smooth signal transition and efficient transmission are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520244738.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-14
AI Technical Summary
In high-speed applications, signal loss is significant during the transition from coplanar waveguide to microstrip line, affecting signal quality.
Design a signal transmission transition structure including a dielectric layer, a transmission line and a reference electrode. By setting a transition section and an arc-shaped structure, right-angle reflection is mitigated, impedance is adjusted and a smooth transition is achieved.
Reduce microwave signal reflection, increase operating bandwidth, reduce transition loss, and ensure signal quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN223797526U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of microwave technology, specifically, a transition structure of signal transmission. BACKGROUND
[0002] At present, with the development of microwave and millimeter wave technology and the high-frequency and miniaturization design of microwave devices, microwave devices are developing towards high bandwidth and low loss.
[0003] As the main transmission line form of microwave, microstrip line and coplanar waveguide (CPW) are widely used in microwave signal transmission. In actual engineering applications, according to different situations, coplanar waveguide needs to be used in some places, while microstrip line needs to be used in other places. Therefore, it is necessary to convert the signal from coplanar waveguide to microstrip line.
[0004] In most low-speed fields, coplanar waveguide and microstrip line are connected directly to convert the signal from coplanar waveguide to microstrip line. Although this scheme is simple, in high-speed application scenarios, a large amount of loss will be generated through such simple connection conversion, which greatly reduces the quality of the transmitted signal. Therefore, how to reduce the loss in the process of converting coplanar waveguide to microstrip line in high-speed application scenarios is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY
[0005] The utility model aims at at least solving the problem that in high-speed application scenarios, a large amount of loss will be generated in the process of converting the signal from coplanar waveguide to microstrip line in the prior art, and proposes a transition structure of signal transmission.
[0006] To achieve the purpose of the utility model, a transition structure of signal transmission is provided, which comprises: a dielectric layer having a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely in a first direction; a transmission line arranged on the first surface of the dielectric layer along a second direction for transmitting signals along the second direction; two first reference electrodes spaced apart along a third direction on the first surface of the dielectric layer, a containing channel being formed between the two first reference electrodes, the transmission line being arranged in the containing channel and forming a gap with the two first reference electrodes respectively; the containing channel has a first end and a second end in the second direction, and the first end of the containing channel is provided with a first transition section, and the distance between the inner walls of the first transition section gradually increases in the direction of signal transmission of the transmission line, wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction intersect with each other.
[0007] In some embodiments, the edges of the first reference electrodes form a convex first arc structure at the position of the first transition section.
[0008] In some embodiments, the first arc-shaped structure is partially hyperbolic, and the hyperbola satisfies the formula x 2 / a1 2 -y 2 / b1 2 = 1, and the value range of a1 is 1 / 25λ≤a1≤1 / 15λ, and the value range of b1 is 1 / 25λ≤b1≤1 / 15λ, wherein λ is the wavelength of the signal transmitted by the transmission line.
[0009] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the first transition section is mirror-symmetrical.
[0010] In some embodiments, the transmission line comprises: a signal input portion located inside the accommodation channel and extending to the second end of the accommodation channel; a signal transition portion located inside the accommodation channel and connected to the signal input portion, the signal transition portion being located in the first transition section; and a signal output portion located outside the accommodation channel and connected to the signal transition portion.
[0011] In some embodiments, the width of the signal transition portion in the third direction gradually increases from the signal transition portion to the signal output portion.
[0012] In some embodiments, the edge of the signal transition portion in the third direction forms a concave second arc-shaped structure.
[0013] In some embodiments, the second arc-shaped structure is partially hyperbolic, and the hyperbola satisfies the formula x 2 / a2 2 -y 2 / b2 2 = 1, and the value range of a2 is 1 / 30λ≤a2≤1 / 20λ, and the value range of b2 is 1 / 30λ≤b2≤1 / 20λ, wherein λ is the wavelength of the signal transmitted by the transmission line.
[0014] In some embodiments, the edges on both sides of the signal transition portion in the third direction are mirror-symmetrical.
[0015] In some embodiments, the transition structure further comprises: a second reference electrode disposed on the second surface of the dielectric layer, the second reference electrode being provided with a notch portion, the notch portion having a first end and a second end in the second direction, and the first end of the notch portion being provided with a second transition section, and in the direction of signal transmission of the transmission line, the distance between the opposite inner walls of the second transition section in the third direction gradually increases.
[0016] In some embodiments, the edge of the second reference electrode forms a third arc structure protruding outward at the position of the second transition section.
[0017] In some embodiments, the third arc structure is in a partial hyperbolic shape, the hyperbolic curve satisfying the formula x 2 / a3 2 -y 2 / b3 2 = 1, and the value range of a3 is 1 / 25λ≤a3≤1 / 15λ, and the value range of b3 is 1 / 25λ≤b3≤1 / 15λ, where λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line.
[0018] In some embodiments, the opposite inner walls of the second transition section are mirror-symmetrical.
[0019] In some embodiments, the projection of the second transition section on the first surface of the dielectric layer at least partially overlaps with the first transition section.
[0020] In some embodiments, the transition structure further comprises a first conductive strip arranged in the third direction within the second transition section, and the two ends of the conductive strip are respectively connected with the inner walls of the second transition section.
[0021] In some embodiments, the width D1 of the first conductive strip is 1 / 25λ≤D1≤1 / 15λ, where λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line, and / or
[0022] The notch portion has a first end wall and a second end wall in the second direction, the first end wall is located at the first end of the notch portion and connected with the inner wall of the second transition section, and the distance D2 between the first conductive strip and the first end wall is 0.2λ≤D2≤0.3λ, where λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line.
[0023] In some embodiments, the transition structure further comprises a matching strip arranged in the second transition section and connected with the first conductive strip, and the matching strip is two, and in the direction of signal transmission of the transmission line, the two matching strips are away from each other.
[0024] In some embodiments, the two matching strips are both in a partial hyperbolic shape, the hyperbolic curve satisfying the formula x 2 / a4 2 -y 2 / b4 2 = 1, and the value range of a4 is 1 / 25λ≤a4≤1 / 15λ, and the value range of b4 is 1 / 25λ≤b4≤1 / 15λ, where λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line.
[0025] In some embodiments, the transition structure further comprises a second conductive strip arranged in the gap in the third direction, and two ends of the second conductive strip are connected with the inner wall of the gap respectively, and the first conductive strip and the second conductive strip are arranged in the second direction.
[0026] In some embodiments, the width of the second conductive strip is equal to the width of the first conductive strip, and / or the gap has a first end wall and a second end wall in the second direction, the first end wall is located at the first end of the gap and connected with the inner wall of the second transition section, the first conductive strip is located between the first end wall and the second conductive strip, and the distance between the first conductive strip and the first end wall is equal to the distance between the first conductive strip and the second conductive strip.
[0027] In some embodiments, the transition structure further comprises a guide strip arranged in the gap in the second direction and connected with the second conductive strip.
[0028] In some embodiments, the length D5 of the guide strip in the second direction is 0.2λ≤D5≤0.3λ, and the width D6 of the guide strip in the third direction is 1 / 25λ≤D6≤1 / 15λ, wherein λ is the wavelength of the signal transmitted by the transmission line.
[0029] In some embodiments, the guide strip is a plurality of guide strips, and the plurality of conductive strips are arranged in the third direction.
[0030] During the transmission of the microwave signal along the transmission line, the right angle of the first reference electrode at the first end of the accommodation channel can be relieved due to the existence of the first transition section and the gradually increasing distance of the inner wall of the first transition section in the transmission direction of the microwave signal, so as to reduce the reflection of the microwave signal, and the impedance can be adjusted due to the gradually increasing distance of the inner wall of the first transition section in the transmission direction of the microwave signal, so as to increase the working bandwidth and reduce the transition loss of the microwave signal, in other words, the transition structure of the transmission line can make the field working mode of the coplanar waveguide better transition to the field working mode of the microstrip line during the transmission of the signal along the signal line, so as to reduce the reflection of the microwave signal, improve the working bandwidth, and reduce the transition loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the transition structure in the related art;
[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the transition structure of an embodiment of the utility model;
[0033] Figure 3Structure schematic view of the transition structure of another embodiment of the utility model;
[0034] Figure 4 Structure schematic view of the transition structure of another embodiment of the utility model;
[0035] Figure 5 For Figure 4 Sectional view of A-A direction in middle;
[0036] Figure 6 Structure schematic view of the second reference electrode of the transition structure of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0037] Figure 7 For Figure 4 Simulation data view of reflection coefficient of the transition structure of the shown embodiment of
[0038] Figure 8 For Figure 4 Simulation data view of transmission coefficient of the transition structure of the shown embodiment of
[0039] Figure 9 Structure schematic view of the first conductive strip of the second reference electrode of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0040] Figure 10 Structure schematic view of the second conductive strip of the second reference electrode of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0041] Figure 11 Structure schematic view of the matching strip of the second reference electrode of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0042] Figure 12 Structure schematic of the guide strip of the second reference electrode of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0043] List of reference signs:
[0044] 10, dielectric layer;20, transmission line;21, signal input part;22, signal transition part;
[0045] 221, second arc-shaped structure;23, signal output part;30, first reference electrode;31, first arc-shaped structure;40, containing channel;41, first transition section;
[0046] 511, second transition section;512, first end wall;513, second end wall;514, first side wall;
[0047] 515, second side wall;516, third arc-shaped structure;51, notch part;60, first conductive strip;
[0048] 70, second conductive strip;80, matching strip;90, guide strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0049] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical scheme of the utility model, the signal transmission transition structure provided by the utility model is described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
[0050] The microstrip line is a kind of microwave transmission line, and a single conductor strip is arranged on the upper layer of the dielectric layer, and a ground electrode is arranged on the lower layer of the dielectric layer.
[0051] The coplanar waveguide is also a kind of microwave transmission line, a signal conductor is arranged on the upper layer of the dielectric layer, and an upper layer ground electrode is arranged on the two sides close to the central conductor strip, the upper layer ground electrode is arranged in a spaced-apart manner with the signal conductor to form a gap, and a lower layer ground electrode is arranged on the lower layer of the dielectric layer. In the grounded coplanar waveguide, the small spacing between the upper layer ground electrode and the signal conductor can realize low impedance of the circuit, and the impedance of the circuit can be changed by adjusting the spacing. When the spacing between the upper layer ground electrode and the signal conductor of the grounded coplanar waveguide increases, the influence of the ground electrode on the circuit will decrease.
[0052] In some related technologies, as shown in FIG. 1, since the coplanar waveguide is directly connected with the microstrip line, the transmission line 1 of the coplanar waveguide is directly connected with the microstrip line 2, and a right angle 4 exists at the position where the upper layer ground electrode 3 is close to the microstrip line, which will cause the reflection coefficient to increase, and will also affect the impedance, so that the bandwidth is narrowed and the transition loss is large. Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 2, the utility model discloses a kind of transition structures of signal transmission, comprising: dielectric layer 10, transmission line 20 and two first reference electrodes 30. Dielectric layer 10 has oppositely arranged first surface and second surface in first direction;Transmission line 20 is arranged on the first surface of dielectric layer 10 along second direction, for transmitting signal along second direction;Two first reference electrodes 30 are spaced apart along third direction on the first surface of dielectric layer 10, and form accommodating channel 40 between the two first reference electrodes 30, and transmission line 20 is arranged in accommodating channel 40 and forms gap with the two first reference electrodes 30 respectively.
[0053] Figures 1 to 12 Accommodating channel 40 has first end and second end in second direction, and the first end of accommodating channel 40 is provided with first transition section 41, and the distance between inner walls in first transition section 41 gradually increases in the direction of signal transmission of transmission line 20.
[0054] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the utility model, the first direction is x-axis direction, the second direction is y-axis direction, and the third direction is z-axis direction, and the x-axis, the y-axis and the x-axis are intersected with each other.
[0055] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the utility model, the first direction is x-axis direction, the second direction is y-axis direction, and the third direction is z-axis direction, and the x-axis, the y-axis and the x-axis are intersected with each other.
[0056] The inner wall of the first transition section 41 gradually increases in distance in the transmission direction of the microwave signal, in other words, the right angle portion of the first reference electrode 30 formed at the first end of the accommodation channel 40 is chamfered, and the first transition section 41 is formed as a horn mouth in the transmission direction of the microwave signal.
[0057] During the transmission of the microwave signal along the transmission line 20, the first transition section 41 is present at the first end of the accommodation channel 40, and the inner wall of the first transition section 41 gradually increases in distance in the transmission direction of the microwave signal, so that the right angle of the first reference electrode 30 at the first end of the accommodation channel 40 can be relieved, thereby reducing the reflection of the microwave signal, and because the inner wall of the first transition section 41 gradually increases in distance in the transmission direction of the microwave signal, the impedance can be adjusted to increase the operating bandwidth, thereby reducing the transition loss of the microwave signal, in other words, the transition structure of the transmission line 20 of the utility model, by setting the first transition section 41, the field operating mode of the coplanar waveguide can be better transitioned to the field operating mode of the microstrip line during the transmission of the signal along the signal line, thereby reducing the reflection of the microwave signal, improving the operating bandwidth, and reducing the transition loss.
[0058] In some embodiments of the utility model, as shown in Figure 2 , the edge of the first reference electrode 30 forms a straight line structure at the position of the first transition section 41, but this is not restrictive, in Figure 3 and Figure 4 other embodiments, the edge of the first reference electrode 30 forms an arc structure at the position of the first transition section 41, wherein, in the embodiment shown in Figure 3 , the edge of the first reference electrode 30 forms a concave arc structure at the position of the first transition section 41, and in the embodiment shown in Figure 4 , the edge of the first reference electrode 30 forms a convex first arc structure 31 at the position of the first transition section 41.
[0059] In the embodiment shown in Figure 4 , the first arc structure 31 is in the shape of a partial hyperbola, and the hyperbola satisfies the formula x 2 / a1 2 -y 2 / b1 2 = 1, and the value range of a1 is 1 / 25λ ≤ a1 ≤ 1 / 15λ, and the value range of b1 is 1 / 25λ ≤ b1 ≤ 1 / 15λ, wherein λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line 20. In other words, the bending width size of the first arc structure 31 is determined according to the hyperbolic equation x 2 / a1 2 -y 2 / b1 2=1, where x and y are the x-axis and y-axis coordinates of any point on the hyperbola in the coordinate system, respectively, and the range of values for a1 and b1 are 1 / 25λ≤a1≤1 / 15λ and 1 / 25λ≤b1≤1 / 15λ.
[0060] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the values of a1 and b1 can be equal or unequal. When a1 and b1 are unequal, |a1-b1|≤1 / 50λ. For example, a1=b1=1 / 20λ.
[0061] In such Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, by designing the bending width dimension of the first arc-shaped structure 31 at the edge of the first reference electrode 30 according to a hyperbola, the microwave signal can more smoothly transition from the field operating mode of the coplanar waveguide to the field operating mode of the microstrip line during transmission along the signal line. Moreover, since the surface of the first arc-shaped structure 31 is smoother and the existence of sharp corners is eliminated, the reflection of the microwave signal is effectively reduced, the operating bandwidth is increased, and the transition loss is reduced.
[0062] It is understood that in this embodiment, the inner wall of the first transition section 41 is mirror-symmetrical, thereby further improving and reducing transition losses.
[0063] In some embodiments, the transmission line 20 includes a signal input section 21, a signal transition section 22, and a signal output section 23. The signal input section 21 is located inside the receiving channel 40 and extends to a second end of the receiving channel 40; the signal transition section 22 is located inside the receiving channel 40 and connected to the signal input section 21, and the signal transition section 22 is located within a first transition section 41; the signal output section 23 is located outside the receiving channel 40 and connected to the signal transition section 22.
[0064] exist Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the width of the signal transition section 22 in the third direction gradually increases from the signal transition section 22 to the signal output section 23.
[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, the width of the signal input section 21 in the third direction is smaller than the width of the signal output section 23 in the third direction, thus increasing the bandwidth of the microwave signal. Furthermore, by gradually increasing the width of the signal transition section 22 in the third direction from the signal transition section 22 to the signal output section 23—in other words, by making the width of the signal transition section 22 wider along the direction of microwave signal transmission—the microwave signal can transition more smoothly to a higher operating bandwidth. This avoids the sharp-angle structure caused by a direct connection between the signal output section 23 and the signal input section 21, thereby increasing the operating bandwidth while reducing insertion loss.
[0066] During the transmission of the microwave signal along the transmission line 20, a signal transition section 22 exists at the first end of the receiving channel 40. The distance between the inner wall of the signal transition section 22 and the transmission direction of the microwave signal gradually increases. Therefore, the right angle of the first reference electrode 30 at the first end of the receiving channel 40 can be alleviated, thereby reducing the reflection of the microwave signal. Moreover, since the distance between the inner wall of the signal transition section 22 and the transmission direction of the microwave signal gradually increases, the impedance can be adjusted, thereby increasing the operating bandwidth and reducing the transition loss of the microwave signal. In other words, the transition structure of the transmission line 20 of this invention, by setting the signal transition section 22, enables the field operating mode of the coplanar waveguide to be better transitioned to the field operating mode of the microstrip line during the transmission of the signal along the signal line, thereby reducing the reflection of the microwave signal, increasing the operating bandwidth, and reducing the transition loss.
[0067] It should be noted that, in cases such as Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the signal transition portion 22 forms a concave second arc-shaped structure 221 at the third-direction upward edge. However, this is not limiting. In other embodiments not shown, the signal transition portion 22 may also form a convex arc-shaped structure or a straight structure at the third-direction upward edge. This is not a limitation in the embodiments of this application.
[0068] exist Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the second arc-shaped structure 221 formed at the edge of the signal transition portion 22 has a partially hyperbolic shape, and the hyperbola satisfies the formula x 2 / a2 2 -y 2 / b2 2 =1, and the range of a2 is 1 / 30λ≤a2≤1 / 20λ, and the range of b2 is 1 / 30λ≤b2≤1 / 20λ, where λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by transmission line 20. In other words, the bending width dimension of the second arc structure 221 is based on the hyperbola equation x 2 / a2 2 -y 2 / b2 2 The design is based on 1, where x and y are the x-axis and y-axis coordinates of any point on the hyperbola in the coordinate system, respectively, and the ranges of a2 and b2 are 1 / 30λ≤a2≤1 / 20λ and 1 / 30λ≤b2≤1 / 20λ, respectively.
[0069] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the values of a2 and b2 can be equal or unequal. When a2 and b2 are unequal, |a2-b2|≤1 / 50λ. For example, a2=b2=1 / 25λ.
[0070] In such Figure 4In the embodiment shown, by designing the bending width of the second arc-shaped structure 221 at the edge of the signal transition section 22 according to a hyperbola, a smooth transition can be made between the signal input section 21 and the signal output section 23. This allows the microwave signal to transition more smoothly from the field operating mode of the coplanar waveguide to the field operating mode of the microstrip line during transmission along the signal line. Furthermore, since the surface of the second arc-shaped structure 221 is smoother and the presence of sharp corners is eliminated, the reflection of the microwave signal is effectively reduced, the operating bandwidth is increased, and the transition loss is reduced.
[0071] The signal transition section 22 is mirror-symmetrical on both sides of the third-direction upward edge, thereby further improving and reducing transition loss.
[0072] It is understood that in this embodiment, the signal input section 21 and the first reference electrodes 30 on both sides form a coplanar waveguide, while the signal output section 23 forms a microstrip line. The two are connected by a signal transition section 22, thereby enabling the microwave signal to transition from the field operating mode of the coplanar waveguide to the field operating mode of the microstrip line.
[0073] In such Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the transition structure further includes a second reference electrode 50. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the second reference electrode 50 is disposed on the second surface of the dielectric layer 10, as... Figure 6 As shown, a notch 51 is provided on the second reference electrode 50. The notch 51 has a first end and a second end in the second direction. A second transition section 511 is provided at the first end of the notch 51. In the direction of signal transmission of the transmission line 20, the distance between the inner walls of the second transition section 511 in the third direction gradually increases.
[0074] The notch 51 has a first end wall 512 and a second end wall 513 disposed opposite to each other in the second direction. The notch 51 also has a first side wall 514 and a second side wall 515 disposed opposite to each other in the third direction. The first side wall 514 and the second side wall 515 are connected between the first end wall 512 and the second end wall 513. The first side wall 514, the second side wall 515, the first end wall 512 and the second end wall 513 form the notch 51.
[0075] The distance between the inner walls of the second transition section 511 gradually increases in the direction of the microwave signal transmission. In other words, the second ends of the first sidewall 514 and the second sidewall 515 of the notch 51 are shaped like a flared mouth. During the transmission of the microwave signal along the transmission line 20, because the notch 51 has the second transition section 511 and the distance between the inner walls of the second transition section 511 gradually increases in the direction of microwave signal transmission, the impedance can gradually change, avoiding impedance abrupt changes, thereby gradually increasing the operating bandwidth and reducing the transition loss of the microwave signal. In other words, the transition structure of the transmission line 20 of this invention, by setting the second transition section 511, allows the field operating mode of the coplanar waveguide to be better transitioned to the field operating mode of the microstrip line during signal transmission. While increasing the operating bandwidth, it can also reduce the transition loss caused by impedance abrupt changes.
[0076] It should be noted that, in cases such as Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the edge of the second reference electrode 50 forms a convex third arcuate structure 516 at the second transition section 511. In other words, the first sidewall 514 and the second sidewall 515 form a third arcuate structure 516 at the position corresponding to the second transition section 511. However, this is not limiting. In other embodiments not shown in the figure, the edge of the second reference electrode 50 may also form a concave arcuate structure or a straight structure at the second transition section 511. This is not a limitation in the embodiments of this application.
[0077] Among them, in such Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, the third arc-shaped structure 516 has a partially hyperbolic shape, and the hyperbola satisfies the formula x 2 / a3 2 -y 2 / b3 2 =1, and the range of a3 is 1 / 25λ≤a3≤1 / 15λ, and the range of b3 is 1 / 25λ≤b3≤1 / 15λ, where λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by transmission line 20. In other words, the bending width dimension of the third arc structure 516 is based on the hyperbolic equation x 2 / a3 2 -y 2 / b3 2 =1, where x and y are the x-axis and y-axis coordinates of any point on the hyperbola in the coordinate system, respectively, and the range of values for a3 and b3 are 1 / 25λ≤a3≤1 / 15λ and 1 / 25λ≤b3≤1 / 15λ.
[0078] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the values of a3 and b3 can be equal or unequal. When a3 and b3 are unequal, |a3-b3|≤1 / 50λ. For example, a3=b3=1 / 20λ.
[0079] In such Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, by designing the bending width of the third arc-shaped structure 516 formed by the edge of the second reference electrode 50 at the position of the second transition section 511 according to a hyperbola, the microwave signal can more smoothly transition from the field operating mode of the coplanar waveguide to the field operating mode of the microstrip line during transmission along the signal line. Moreover, since the surface of the third arc-shaped structure 516 is smoother and the existence of sharp corners is eliminated, the reflection of the microwave signal is effectively reduced, the operating bandwidth is increased, and the transition loss is reduced.
[0080] The second transition section 511 is mirror-symmetrical to the inner wall, thereby further improving and reducing transition losses.
[0081] For example, the projection of the second transition segment 511 on the first surface of the dielectric layer 10 at least partially overlaps with the first transition segment 41, thereby making the first transition segment 41 and the second transition segment 511 of the first reference electrode 30 and the second reference electrode 50 change in the same way, so that the microwave signal is more stable when passing through the first electrode and the second electrode, thereby reducing the transition loss.
[0082] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 4 The simulation data diagram of the reflection coefficient of the transition structure in the embodiment. Figure 8 This utility model Figure 4 The simulation data diagram of the transmission coefficient of the transition structure in the embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, both the input impedance and the output impedance are 50 ohms, and a1 = b1 = 1 / 20λ, a2 = b2 = 1 / 25λ, a3 = b3 = 1 / 20λ.
[0083] according to Figure 7 The simulation results show that the reflection coefficient is less than -20dB within the operating frequency band of 4.7GHz-5.1GHz. The transition structure exhibits a low reflection coefficient within this band, thus demonstrating good operating characteristics. According to... Figure 8 The simulation results show that the transmission loss at the center frequency of 4.9 GHz is only -0.54 dB, indicating that the transition structure has low insertion loss. In other words, the hyperbolic transition structure of this invention has the advantages of wide bandwidth and low insertion loss.
[0084] In such Figure 9 In the illustrated embodiment, the transition structure further includes a first conductive strip 60, which is disposed within the second transition section 511 along a third direction, with both ends of the conductive strip connected to the inner wall of the second transition section 511. In other words, the first conductive strip 60 is disposed along a third direction, with its two ends connected to the first sidewall 514 and the second sidewall 515, respectively.
[0085] In this embodiment, by providing a first conductive strip 60 within the second transition section 511, the impedance transformation of the circuit can be improved, the operating bandwidth of the transition structure can be increased, thereby reducing signal reflection and loss in the transition region, while providing better grounding performance, and enabling better mode matching transition between the coplanar waveguide and the microstrip line.
[0086] In this embodiment, the width D1 of the first conductive strip 60 is 1 / 25λ≤D1≤1 / 15λ, where λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line 20, and for example, D1=1 / 20λ.
[0087] The first end wall 512 is located at the first end of the notch 51 and is connected to the inner wall of the second transition section 511. The distance D2 between the first conductive strip 60 and the first end wall 512 is 0.2λ≤D2≤0.3λ, where λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line 20. For example, D2=0.25λ.
[0088] It should be noted that in this embodiment, 1 / 25λ≤D1≤1 / 15λ and 0.2λ≤D2≤0.3λ, but this is not limiting. In some other embodiments not shown in the figure, 1 / 25λ≤D1≤1 / 15λ or 0.2λ≤D2≤0.3λ can also be used. This is not a limitation in the embodiments of this application.
[0089] In such Figure 10 In the embodiment shown, the transition structure further includes a second conductive strip 70 disposed in the notch 51 along a third direction, and the two ends of the second conductive strip 70 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the notch 51, and the first conductive strip 60 and the second conductive strip 70 are spaced apart in the second direction.
[0090] exist Figure 9 Based on the embodiment shown, by adding a second conductive band 70, it is beneficial to reduce the discontinuity of the transition structure, reduce the electromagnetic wave reflection and scattering of the transition structure, and thus reduce the reflection and loss of the transmitted signal in the transition region.
[0091] In this embodiment, the width D3 of the second conductive strip 70 is 1 / 25λ≤D3≤1 / 15λ, where λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line 20. For example, D1=D3=1 / 20λ. In other words, the width of the second conductive strip 70 is equal to the width of the first conductive strip 60.
[0092] In this embodiment, the first conductive strip 60 is located between the first end wall 512 and the second conductive strip 70. The distance D4 between the second conductive strip 70 and the first conductive strip 60 is 0.2λ ≤ D4 ≤ 0.3λ, where λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line 20. For example, D4 = D2 = 0.25λ. In other words, the distance between the first conductive strip 60 and the first end wall 512, and the distance between the first conductive strip 60 and the second conductive strip 70 are equal.
[0093] It should be noted that in this embodiment, 1 / 25λ≤D3≤1 / 15λ and 0.2λ≤D4≤0.3λ, but this is not limiting. In some other embodiments not shown in the figure, 1 / 25λ≤D3≤1 / 15λ or 0.2λ≤D4≤0.3λ can also be used. This is not a limitation in the embodiments of this application.
[0094] exist Figure 11 In the embodiment shown, the transition structure further includes a matching band 80. The matching band 80 is disposed within the second transition section 511 and connected to the first conductive band 60. There are two matching bands 80, which are spaced apart from each other in the direction of signal transmission of the transmission line 20.
[0095] In this embodiment, by setting two matching bands 80 on the first conductive band 60, it is beneficial to adjust the impedance and achieve more precise impedance matching.
[0096] In this embodiment, both matching bands 80 are partially hyperbolic in shape, and the hyperbolas satisfy the formula x. 2 / a4 2 -y 2 / b4 2 =1, and the range of a4 is 1 / 25λ≤a4≤1 / 15λ, and the range of b4 is 1 / 25λ≤b4≤1 / 15λ, where λ is the wavelength of the signal transmitted by transmission line 20. In other words, the bending width dimension of the matching band 80 is based on the hyperbolic equation x 2 / a4 2 -y 2 / b4 2 =1, where x and y are the x-axis and y-axis coordinates of any point on the hyperbola in the coordinate system, respectively, and the range of values for a4 and b4 are 1 / 25λ≤a4≤1 / 15λ and 1 / 25λ≤b4≤1 / 15λ.
[0097] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the values of a4 and b4 can be equal or unequal. When a4 and b4 are unequal, |a4-b4|≤1 / 50λ. For example, a4=b4=1 / 25λ.
[0098] In such Figure 11In the embodiment shown, by designing the bending width dimension of the matching band 80 according to the hyperbolic equation, the impedance continuity of the transition structure can be optimized, signal reflection and loss can be reduced, the electric field distribution can be smoothly converted into the field mode of the microstrip line, and the steepness of the transmitted signal can be reduced, high-frequency noise and overshoot can be reduced, thereby improving signal integrity and transmission efficiency.
[0099] exist Figure 12 In the embodiment shown, the transition structure further includes a guide strip 90, which is disposed in the notch 51 along the second direction and connected to the second conductive strip 70.
[0100] exist Figure 12 In the embodiment shown, by adding a guide strip 90 along the second direction on the second conductive strip 70, the influence of discontinuity of the transition structure in the signal output direction can be reduced, thereby obtaining better transmission characteristics. It also helps to improve the isolation between transmitted and reflected signals, reduce crosstalk in high-density signals, and improve the mechanical stability of the structure and the heat dissipation performance of the ground plane.
[0101] In this embodiment, the length D5 of the guide strip 90 in the second direction is 0.2λ≤D5≤0.3λ, and the width D6 of the guide strip 90 in the third direction is 1 / 25λ≤D6≤1 / 15λ, where λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line 20.
[0102] It should be noted that in this embodiment, 0.2λ≤D5≤0.3λ and 1 / 25λ≤D6≤1 / 15λ, but this is not limiting. In some other embodiments not shown in the figure, 0.2λ≤D5≤0.3λ or 1 / 25λ≤D6≤1 / 15λ can also be used. This is not a limitation in the embodiments of this application.
[0103] In this embodiment, there are multiple guide strips 90, and the multiple conductive strips are distributed at intervals in a third-direction upward direction. For example, there are two guide strips 90.
[0104] In the above embodiments, the transmission line 20 and the first reference electrode 30 can be made of low-resistance, low-loss metals such as copper, gold, and silver, and can be prepared by magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation, electroplating, etc.
[0105] The dielectric layer 10 is made of glass, which can be a commonly used PCB insulating material such as polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber laminate, phenolic paper laminate, or phenolic glass cloth laminate, or a rigid material with low microwave loss such as quartz or glass.
[0106] The second reference electrode 50 can be made of low-resistance, low-loss metals such as copper, gold, and silver, and can be prepared by magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation, electroplating, etc.
[0107] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of this utility model, and the utility model is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A transition structure for signal transmission, characterized by, The transition structure comprises: a medium layer (10) having a first surface and a second surface oppositely arranged in a first direction; a transmission line (20) arranged on the first surface of the medium layer (10) in a second direction, for transmitting a signal in the second direction; two first reference electrodes (30) spaced apart in a third direction on the first surface of the medium layer (10), a containing channel (40) being formed between the two first reference electrodes (30), and the transmission line (20) being arranged in the containing channel (40) and forming a gap with the two first reference electrodes (30) respectively; the containing channel (40) has a first end and a second end in the second direction, and the first end of the containing channel (40) is provided with a first transition section (41), and the distance between the inner walls of the first transition section (41) gradually increases in the direction in which the transmission line (20) transmits the signal, wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction intersect with each other.
2. The transition structure according to claim 1, wherein an edge of the first reference electrode (30) forms a first arc-shaped structure (31) protruding outward at the position of the first transition section (41).
3. The transition structure according to claim 2, wherein The first arc-shaped structure (31) is in a partial hyperbolic shape, the hyperbolic curve satisfying the formula x 2 / a1 2 -y 2 / b1 2 =1, and the value range of the a1 is 1 / 25λ≤a1≤1 / 15λ, and the value range of the b1 is 1 / 25λ≤b1≤1 / 15λ, wherein λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line (20).
4. The transition structure according to claim 1, wherein the inner walls of the first transition section (41) are mirror-symmetrical.
5. The transition structure of claim 1, wherein, The transmission line (20) comprises: a signal input portion (21) located inside the containing channel (40) and extending to the second end of the containing channel (40); a signal transition portion (22) located inside the containing channel (40) and connected with the signal input portion (21), the signal transition portion (22) being located in the first transition section (41); a signal output portion (23) located outside the containing channel (40) and connected with the signal transition portion (22).
6. The transition structure according to claim 5, wherein the width of the signal transition portion (22) in the third direction gradually increases from the signal transition portion (22) to the signal output portion (23).
7. The transition structure according to claim 6, wherein an edge of the signal transition portion (22) in the third direction forms a second arc-shaped structure (221) concave inward.
8. The transition structure according to claim 7, wherein The second arc-shaped structure (221) is in a partial hyperbolic shape, the hyperbolic curve satisfying the formula x 2 / a2 2 -y 2 / b2 2 =1, and the value range of a2 is 1 / 30λ≤a2≤1 / 20λ, and the value range of b2 is 1 / 30λ≤b2≤1 / 20λ, wherein λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line (20).
9. The transition structure according to claim 7, wherein the edges of the signal transition portion (22) on both sides in the third direction are mirror-symmetrical.
10. The transition structure of claim 1, wherein, The transition structure further comprises: a second reference electrode (50) arranged on the second surface of the medium layer (10), and a notch portion (51) is arranged on the second reference electrode (50), the notch portion (51) has a first end and a second end in the second direction, and the first end of the notch portion (51) is provided with a second transition section (511), and the distance between the opposite inner walls of the second transition section (511) in the third direction gradually increases in the direction in which the transmission line (20) transmits the signal.
11. The transition structure of claim 10, wherein, an edge of the second reference electrode (50) forms a convex third arc structure (516) at the position of the second transition section (511).
12. The transition structure of claim 11, wherein, The third arc-shaped structure (516) is in a partial hyperbolic shape, the hyperbolic curve satisfying the formula x 2 / a3 2 -y 2 / b3 2 =1, and the value range of a3 is 1 / 25λ≤a3≤1 / 15λ, and the value range of b3 is 1 / 25λ≤b3≤1 / 15λ, wherein λ is the signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line (20).
13. The transition structure of claim 10, wherein, the opposite inner walls of the second transition section (511) are mirror symmetrical.
14. The transition structure of claim 10, wherein, a projection of the second transition section (511) on the first surface of the dielectric layer (10) at least partially overlaps with the first transition section (41).
15. The transition structure of claim 10, wherein, The transition structure further comprises: a first conductive strip (60) disposed in the second transition section (511) along the third direction, and two ends of the conductive strip are connected with the inner walls of the second transition section (511), respectively.
16. The transition structure of claim 15, wherein, a width D1 of the first conductive strip (60) satisfies 1 / 25λ≤D1≤1 / 15λ, where λ is a signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line (20), and / or the notch section (51) has a first end wall (512) and a second end wall (513) in the second direction, the first end wall (512) is located at the first end of the notch section (51) and connected with the inner wall of the second transition section (511), and a distance D2 between the first conductive strip (60) and the first end wall (512) satisfies 0.2λ≤D2≤0.3λ, where λ is a signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line (20).
17. The transition structure of claim 15, wherein, The transition structure further comprises: a matching strip (80) disposed in the second transition section (511) and connected with the first conductive strip (60), and the matching strip (80) is two, and in the direction of signal transmission of the transmission line (20), the two matching strips (80) are away from each other.
18. The transition structure of claim 17, wherein, Both of the matching strips (80) are partially hyperbolic, the hyperbola satisfying the formula x 2 / a4 2 -y 2 / b4 2 = 1, and the value range of a4 is 1 / 25λ≤a4≤1 / 15λ, and the value range of b4 is 1 / 25λ≤b4≤1 / 15λ, wherein λ is the wavelength of the signal transmitted by the transmission line (20).
19. The transition structure of claim 15, wherein, The transition structure further comprises: a second conductive strip (70) disposed in the notch section (51) along the third direction, and two ends of the second conductive strip (70) are connected with the inner walls of the notch section (51), respectively, and the first conductive strip (60) and the second conductive strip (70) are spaced apart in the second direction.
20. The transition structure of claim 19, wherein, a width of the second conductive strip (70) is equal to a width of the first conductive strip (60), and / or the notch section (51) has a first end wall (512) and a second end wall (513) in the second direction, the first end wall (512) is located at the first end of the notch section (51) and connected with the inner wall of the second transition section (511); the first conductive strip (60) is located between the first end wall (512) and the second conductive strip (70), and a distance between the first conductive strip (60) and the first end wall (512) and a distance between the first conductive strip (60) and the second conductive strip (70) are equal.
21. The transition structure of claim 19, wherein, The transition structure further includes: A guide strip (90) disposed in the notch portion (51) in the second direction and connected with the second conductive strip (70).
22. The transition structure according to claim 21, wherein A length D5 of the guide strip (90) in the second direction is 0.2λ≤D5≤0.3λ, A width D6 of the guide strip (90) in the third direction is 1 / 25λ≤D6≤1 / 15λ, where λ is a signal wavelength transmitted by the transmission line (20).
23. The transition structure according to claim 21, wherein The guide strip (90) is a plurality of guide strips, and the plurality of conductive strips are spaced apart in the third direction.