Novel single-motor electric drive axle speed reduction structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel single-motor electric drive axle speed reduction structure which comprises a main speed reducer mechanism, a planetary speed reduction mechanism and a differential mechanism, and the planetary speed reducer mechanism and the differential mechanism are integrated into a whole. The main speed reducer mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, and the driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel; the differential mechanism comprises a sun wheel, a differential shell, an inner gear ring, an inner gear ring support, a planet wheel arranged in the differential shell and a planet wheel shaft. The main speed reducer mechanism is connected with the sun gear, the sun gear is meshed with the planet gear, the planet gear shaft is sleeved with the planet gear, the planet gear shaft is connected with the differential mechanism shell, the planet gear is sleeved with the inner gear ring, the inner gear ring is meshed with the planet gear, and the inner gear ring support is connected with the differential mechanism shell. And the differential mechanism comprises a differential planet wheel and a differential half axle gear which are arranged in the differential shell, and the differential planet wheel is meshed with the differential half axle gear.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to electric drive axle reduction technology field especially relates to a novel single motor electric drive axle reduction structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy commercial vehicle technology, as the core component of vehicle power transmission, the design and performance of electric drive axle system plays a vital role in the efficiency, reliability and economy of the whole vehicle. At present, the electric drive axle of new energy commercial vehicle is mainly divided into single motor axle and double motor axle two forms, and its reducer structure usually adopts gear pair and planetary gear series combination, planetary gear train combination and the like. In the single motor axle, a differential system is also needed to distribute power and realize differential function.

[0003] In the prior art, the reduction system and the differential system are usually separated. Although this separated design can realize basic power transmission and differential function, it also has some obvious defects. Specifically, the volume and weight of the existing products are large, which leads to high system cost, complex structure, poor reliability and high maintenance cost. These defects limit the performance improvement and market promotion of new energy commercial vehicles to some extent.

[0004] In view of the problems in the related art, the utility model provides a novel single motor electric drive axle reduction structure. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at the defects of the prior art and provides a novel single motor electric drive axle reduction structure.

[0006] In order to realize the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A novel single motor electric drive axle reduction structure, comprising a main reducer mechanism, a planetary reduction mechanism and a differential mechanism, wherein the planetary reduction mechanism and the differential mechanism are integrated into one body;

[0008] The main reducer mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, and the driving wheel is engaged with the driven wheel;

[0009] The differential mechanism comprises a sun gear, a differential housing, an inner ring gear, a planetary gear arranged in the differential housing and a planetary gear shaft. The main reducer mechanism is connected with the sun gear, the sun gear is engaged with the planetary gear, the planetary gear is sleeved outside the planetary gear shaft, and the inner ring gear is sleeved outside the planetary gear and engaged with the planetary gear;

[0010] The differential mechanism comprises a differential planetary gear arranged in the differential housing and a differential half shaft gear, and the differential planetary gear is engaged with the differential half shaft gear.

[0011] Further, the gear shifting mechanism includes a gear shifting cylinder and a gear shifting fork, the gear shifting cylinder is connected with the gear shifting fork, the gear shifting fork is embedded in the inner gear ring at the end, used for controlling the left and right movement of the inner gear ring, and the low speed gear and the high speed gear are switched.

[0012] Further, the gear shifting fork is provided with a copper block, the inner gear ring is provided with a groove matched with the copper block, the gear shifting fork is matched with the groove of the inner gear ring through the copper block, and the low speed gear and the high speed gear are switched.

[0013] Further, the differential mechanism further includes an inner gear ring support and a differential support, and the inner gear ring support is fixedly connected with the differential housing through the differential support.

[0014] Further, the inner gear ring is connected with the inner gear ring support or the rear differential housing gear cover.

[0015] Further, the main reducer mechanism further includes a driven wheel output shaft, the driven wheel output shaft is connected with the driven wheel through interference fit, and the driven wheel output shaft is provided with an inner spline at one end and is connected with the sun gear through the inner spline.

[0016] Further, the differential mechanism further includes a rear differential housing gear cover, and the rear differential housing gear cover is connected with the differential housing.

[0017] Further, the differential housing is used for the action of the planet carrier.

[0018] Further, when the gear shifting fork moves to the right, the inner gear ring is engaged with the inner gear ring support, and the low speed gear is realized; when the gear shifting fork moves to the left, the inner gear ring is engaged with the rear differential housing gear cover, and the high speed gear is realized.

[0019] Further, the driving wheel is further connected with the output end of the motor, and the driving wheel is driven to rotate through the motor.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the planetary reduction mechanism and the differential system are integrated, compact structure design and efficient transmission function are realized, the position of the inner gear ring is controlled through the gear shifting mechanism to realize the switching of the low speed gear and the high speed gear, and the power demand under different working conditions is met. The design not only reduces the weight and cost of the system, but also improves the reliability and maintenance convenience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a novel single motor electric drive axle reduction structure provided by the embodiment;

[0022] Wherein, 1. motor; 2. gear carrier; 3. driving wheel; 4. driven wheel; 5. driven wheel output shaft; 6. sun gear; 7. planetary gear; 8. planetary gear shaft; 9. differential housing; 10. inner ring gear; 11. inner ring gear support; 12. rear differential housing tooth cover; 13. differential planetary gear; 14. differential axle gear; 15. differential support; 16. gear shift cylinder; 17. gear shift yoke; 18. differential planetary gear shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The implementation modes of the utility model are described below through specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the utility model can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the specification. The utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in the specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the utility model. It should be noted that the following examples and features in the examples can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0024] The utility model aims at the defects of the prior art and provides a novel single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure, which integrates a differential system into a reduction system, thereby greatly reducing the size of a traditional power system, reducing the weight of the power system, reducing the cost and maintenance cost of the power system, and improving reliability.

[0025] EMBODIMENT

[0026] The embodiment provides a novel single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure, as shown in the figure, which comprises a motor 1, a gear carrier 2, a reducer system, a differential mechanism, and a gear shifting mechanism. Figure 1 The reducer system comprises a main reducer mechanism and a planetary reduction mechanism, and the planetary reduction mechanism and the differential mechanism are integrated.

[0027] The gear carrier 2 is a frame structure and has sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand torque and force during transmission. The gear carrier is provided with a plurality of holes and grooves for mounting the main reducer mechanism.

[0028] The gear carrier 2 is connected to the front end cover of the motor 1 through bolts and positioning pins to ensure that the relative positions of the two are fixed. The motor 1 and the gear carrier 2 are each provided with four bearing holes for mounting a first bearing, a second bearing, a third bearing, and a fourth bearing, thereby supporting the main reducer mechanism and ensuring its normal operation.

[0029] It should be noted that the motor 1 and the gear carrier 2 are not specifically described in this embodiment, and their structures can be referred to the existing structures.

[0030] The main reducer mechanism comprises a driving wheel 3, a driven wheel 4, and a driven wheel output shaft 5.

[0031] The driving wheel 3 is a cylindrical gear with external teeth; the driving wheel 3 is installed on the output end of the motor 1 and fixedly connected with the front end cover of the motor 1 and the gear carrier 2 through the first bearing and the second bearing, and the driving wheel 3 is in interference fit with the bearing.

[0032] The driven wheel 4 is a cylindrical gear with external teeth and a matching hole with a diameter of 93 mm in the inside; the driven wheel 4 is installed on the front end cover of the motor 1 and fixedly connected with the front end cover of the motor 1 and the gear carrier 2 through the third bearing and the fourth bearing, and the driven wheel 4 is in interference fit with the bearing; the external teeth of the driven wheel 4 are in mesh with the external teeth of the driving wheel 3, and the driven wheel 4 is oppositely arranged with the driving wheel 3, located opposite to the driving wheel 3, and a certain center distance is kept between the two to ensure that the gears can be correctly meshed.

[0033] The driven wheel output shaft 5 is a hollow cylindrical shaft with internal splines; the diameter of the driven wheel output shaft 5 is the same as the inner diameter of the driven wheel 4, so that the driven wheel output shaft 5 is arranged in the driven wheel 4 through interference fit and further fixed through bolts.

[0034] The planetary reduction mechanism includes a sun gear 6, a planet gear 7, a planet gear shaft 8, a differential housing 9, an inner ring gear 10, an inner ring gear support 11, and a rear differential housing gear cover 12.

[0035] The differential mechanism includes a differential planet gear 13, a differential semi-axle gear 14, a differential support 15, and a differential planet gear shaft 18.

[0036] The differential housing 9 is the main housing component of the differential system, used to accommodate and support the planet gear 7, the planet gear shaft 8, the differential planet gear 13, the differential semi-axle gear 14, and other components inside the differential.

[0037] The differential housing 9 serves as part of the planet carrier and simultaneously functions as both the planet carrier and the differential housing. The differential housing 9 is of split structure, divided into a front housing and a rear housing, which are connected through bolts, the front housing is in interference fit with the bearing in the differential support 15, and the rear housing is fixedly connected with the rear differential housing gear cover 12 through bolts. There are several (such as 3, the same number as the planet gear shafts) holes spaced 120° apart on the differential housing 9, which are used to fix one end of the planet gear shaft 8.

[0038] The rear differential housing gear cover 12 is a disc-shaped cover with fixed teeth or positioning structures, which is the rear cover plate of the differential housing 9 and is fixed on the differential housing 9 through bolts, mainly used for gear shifting and supporting the planet gear shafts, and together with the differential housing 9 forms a complete differential housing. The rear differential housing gear cover 12 can be meshed or fixedly connected with the inner ring gear 10. There are also several (such as 3, the same number as the planet gear shafts) holes spaced 120° apart on the rear differential housing gear cover 12, which are used to fix the other end of the planet gear shaft 8.

[0039] The differential support 15 is arranged at the periphery of the differential housing 9 and is fixedly connected with the differential housing 9 and the outer axle housing respectively, for mounting the differential housing 9 on the outer axle housing and playing a supporting and positioning role. The differential support 15 is fixedly connected with the differential housing 9 through a bearing, and the differential support 15 is fixedly connected with the outer axle housing through bolts.

[0040] The sun gear 6 is a cylindrical gear with external teeth; the sun gear 6 is externally splined at one end close to the driven wheel output shaft 5, and the external spline of the sun gear 6 is matched with the internal spline of the driven wheel output shaft 5, thereby receiving the power transmitted by the driven wheel 4.

[0041] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the sun gear 6 from moving axially, the sun gear 6 is matched with the driven wheel output shaft 5 through a snap spring, thereby limiting the axial movement of the sun gear 6.

[0042] The snap spring groove is generally an annular groove, and the snap spring is clamped on the sun gear 6 and is in contact with the driven wheel output shaft 5.

[0043] The planetary gear 7 is a cylindrical gear with external teeth, and the planetary gear 7 is a plurality of (such as 3 or 4), and the plurality of planetary gears 7 are installed on the differential housing 9 through the planetary gear shaft 8 inside the planetary gear 7, and the plurality of planetary gears 7 are arranged around the position close to the other end of the sun gear 6 and are meshed with the sun gear 6, so that the sun gear 6 drives the planetary gear 7 to rotate when the sun gear 6 rotates.

[0044] The two ends of the planetary gear shaft 8 are fixedly installed in the holes on the differential housing 9 and the rear differential housing tooth cover 12 respectively, and the planetary gear 7 is sleeved on the planetary gear shaft 8.

[0045] The inner tooth ring 10 is a circular ring structure with internal teeth and a groove outside, which is sleeved on the periphery of the plurality of planetary gears 7 and is meshed with the planetary gears 7.

[0046] The inner tooth ring support 11 is a disc-shaped structure with fixed teeth or positioning structure and has bolt holes; the inner tooth ring support 11 is located at the periphery of the differential housing 9 and is fixedly connected with the differential support 11 through bolts; the inner tooth ring support 11 can be meshed with the inner tooth ring 10, and the inner tooth ring 10 is meshed with the inner tooth ring support 11, which is switched to the low gear; wherein the inner tooth ring 10 is always meshed with the planetary gear 7 in the neutral gear, the low gear or the high gear.

[0047] The differential planetary gear 13 is a conical spur gear with external teeth, which is installed in the differential housing 9 through the differential planetary gear shaft 18 and is meshed with the differential half shaft gear 14.

[0048] The differential half axle gear 14 is a conical spur gear with external teeth, which is engaged with the differential planetary gear 13, and the inner spline of the differential half axle gear 14 is matched with the outer spline of the half axle, so as to transmit power to the half axle to rotate the wheel.

[0049] The gear shifting mechanism comprises a gear shifting cylinder 16 and a gear shifting fork 17.

[0050] The gear shifting cylinder 16 is fixed on the external axle housing rear cover, and is used to drive the gear shifting fork 17.

[0051] The gear shifting fork 17 is in a long strip shape, and has two copper blocks at the ends, which are embedded in the grooves of the inner ring gear 10, and the position switching of the inner ring gear 10 is realized by moving left and right.

[0052] The power transmission path of the novel single motor electric drive axle reduction structure in the embodiment is as follows:

[0053] In the initial state, the inner ring gear 10 is in a transition state, and is neither engaged with the inner ring gear support 11 nor engaged with the rear differential housing gear cover 12.

[0054] When the electric drive axle reduction structure is running at low speed:

[0055] When the piston rod of the gear shifting cylinder 16 drives the gear shifting fork 17 to move right, the gear shifting fork 17 pushes the inner ring gear 10 to move right through the copper blocks at the ends of the gear shifting fork 17, the inner ring gear 10 is engaged with the fixed teeth on the inner ring gear support 11, and the inner ring gear 10 is fixed. At this time, there is relative motion between the planetary gear 7 and the inner ring gear 10, a larger reduction ratio is realized, the output speed is lower, and the torque is larger.

[0056] Power is transmitted from the output end of the motor 1 to the main reducer mechanism, after the driving wheel 3 in the main reducer mechanism receives the power transmitted by the motor 1, the power is transmitted from the driving wheel 3 to the driven wheel 4, the driven wheel 4 transmits the power to the planetary reduction mechanism through the driven wheel output shaft 5, the sun gear 6 in the planetary reduction mechanism receives the power transmitted by the driven wheel output shaft 5, the power is transmitted from the sun gear 6 to the planetary gear 7, the planetary gear 7 rolls between the inner ring gear 10 and the sun gear 6 to realize reduction, at this time, the power is transmitted from the planetary gear 7 to the planetary gear shaft 8, and the power is transmitted to the differential housing 9 through the planetary gear shaft 8.

[0057] When the electric drive axle reduction structure is running at high speed:

[0058] The piston rod of the shift cylinder 16 moves to the left, driving the shift fork 17 to move to the left, and the copper block at the end of the shift fork 17 is always embedded in the groove of the inner gear ring 10 at this time, pushing the inner gear ring 10 to move to the left through the copper block, and as the inner gear ring 10 moves to the left, the inner gear ring 10 gradually disengages from the meshing relationship with the inner gear ring support 11, and when the inner gear ring 10 moves to the left to a specified position, the inner gear ring 10 meshes with the teeth on the rear differential housing cover 12. At this time, the inner gear ring 10 rotates synchronously with the differential housing 9, and there is no relative movement between the planetary gear 7 and the inner gear ring 10, achieving high transmission efficiency, high output speed and relatively small torque.

[0059] Power is transmitted from the output end of the motor 1 to the main reducer mechanism, and after the driving wheel 3 in the main reducer mechanism receives the power transmitted by the motor 1, the power is transmitted from the driving wheel 3 to the driven wheel 4, and the driven wheel 4 transmits the power to the planetary reducer mechanism through the driven wheel output shaft 5, and the sun gear 6 in the planetary reducer mechanism receives the power transmitted by the driven wheel output shaft 5, and the power is transmitted from the sun gear 6 to the planetary gear 7, and there is no relative movement between the planetary gear 7 and the inner gear ring 10 at this time, and the power is transmitted from the planetary gear 7 to the planetary gear shaft 8, and the power is transmitted to the differential housing 9 through the planetary gear shaft 8.

[0060] After determining whether it is high-speed operation or low-speed operation, the power is transmitted from the differential housing 9 to the differential planetary gear 13, the differential planetary gear 13 distributes the power to the differential axle gear 14, the differential axle gear 14 transmits the power to the axle shaft, and finally transmits the power to the external wheel.

[0061] The novel single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure of the embodiment realizes compact structure design and high-efficiency transmission function by integrating the planetary reduction mechanism and the differential system. The switching between the low-speed gear and the high-speed gear is realized by controlling the position of the inner gear ring through the shift mechanism, thereby meeting the power demand under different working conditions. This design not only reduces the weight and cost of the system, but also improves the reliability and maintenance convenience.

[0062] It should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and the technical principles applied. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and can include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A novel single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure, characterized in that, The main reducer mechanism, the planetary reducer mechanism, and the differential mechanism are integrated; The main reducer mechanism includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel, and the driving wheel is engaged with the driven wheel; The differential mechanism includes a sun gear, a differential housing, an inner ring gear, planetary gears arranged in the differential housing, and a planetary gear shaft; the main reducer mechanism is connected with the sun gear, the sun gear is engaged with the planetary gears, the planetary gears are sleeved outside the planetary gear shaft, and the inner ring gear is sleeved outside the planetary gears and engaged with the planetary gears; The differential mechanism includes differential planetary gears arranged in the differential housing and differential half shaft gears, and the differential planetary gears are engaged with the differential half shaft gears.

2. The new single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shifting mechanism includes a shifting cylinder and a shifting fork, the shifting cylinder is connected with the shifting fork, the end of the shifting fork is embedded in the inner ring gear, and the shifting fork is used to control the left and right movement of the inner ring gear to realize the switching of the low gear and the high gear.

3. The new single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shifting fork is provided with a copper block, the surface of the inner ring gear is provided with a groove matched with the copper block, the shifting fork is matched with the groove of the inner ring gear through the copper block to realize the switching of the low gear and the high gear.

4. The new single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The differential mechanism further includes an inner ring gear support and a differential support, and the inner ring gear support is fixedly connected with the differential housing through the differential support.

5. The new single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner ring gear is connected with the inner ring gear support or the rear differential housing tooth cover.

6. The new single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main reducer mechanism further includes a driven wheel output shaft, the driven wheel output shaft is connected with the driven wheel through interference fit, one end of the driven wheel output shaft is provided with an inner spline, and the driven wheel output shaft is connected with the sun gear through the inner spline.

7. The new single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The differential mechanism further includes a rear differential housing tooth cover, and the rear differential housing tooth cover is connected with the differential housing.

8. The new single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The differential housing is used for the action of the planet carrier.

9. The new single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the shifting fork moves to the right, the inner ring gear is engaged with the inner ring gear support to realize the low gear; when the shifting fork moves to the left, the inner ring gear is engaged with the rear differential housing tooth cover to realize the high gear.

10. The new single-motor electric drive axle reduction structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The driving wheel is further connected with the output end of the motor, and the driving wheel is driven to rotate by the motor.

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