Transportation device for heavy pipeline on slope section

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of pipeline transportation and installation, in particular to a slope section heavy pipeline transportation device which comprises a frame body, the frame body comprises two door-shaped frames arranged in parallel, the two door-shaped frames are respectively provided with walking wheels, and a top linkage system and a lateral linkage system are arranged between the two door-shaped frames. An avoiding space is formed below the lateral linkage system; hoop hanging mechanisms are arranged in the two door-shaped frames respectively, each hoop hanging mechanism comprises an upper hoop component and a lower hoop component, and a clamping channel is formed between each upper hoop component and the corresponding lower hoop component. By means of the avoiding space, the transportation device cannot interfere with the slope corner position with the large gradient change amplitude, and can smoothly move along the slope section with the large gradient change amplitude. By forming the clamping channel, the pipeline is stably limited on the frame main body, the stability of the pipeline in the transportation process can be improved, and the slope section transportation safety of the large-pipe-diameter heavy pipeline is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to pipeline transportation installation technical field, concretely relates to a kind of transportation device of slope section heavy pipeline. BACKGROUND

[0002] The installation of the slope section of heavy pipeline involves the use of a transport trolley, which carries the pipeline section along the ramp to the designated position. A large-diameter heavy steel pipe conveying device suitable for U-shaped valley steep slope section (publication number CN119797141A) is disclosed in a Chinese invention patent application. The conveying assembly is connected with the track through sliding connection. The conveying assembly includes a support assembly and hoisting assemblies located on both sides of the support assembly. The support assembly and the hoisting assemblies are connected through a traction rod. The hoisting assemblies can adjust the pipeline, making it easier to align and weld. The pipeline is supported by steel cables inside the support assembly.

[0003] However, the support assembly and pulley assembly of the existing conveying device are prone to interference at the corner position of the slope surface when moving on multiple slope surfaces with large slope changes. It cannot be adapted to the transportation of slope sections with large slope changes. At the same time, the limiting effect of the steel cable on the pipeline is insufficient, and the pipeline is prone to swing or forward movement during transportation. This results in the existing transportation device being only suitable for the transportation of relatively small oil and gas conveying steel pipes. It cannot meet the use requirements for the transportation of large-diameter PCCP and ball mill cast iron pipe sections. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, in which the existing transportation device cannot be adapted to the transportation of large-diameter heavy pipeline on slope sections with large slope changes. It provides a transportation device for heavy pipeline on slope sections.

[0005] The utility model provides a transportation device for heavy pipeline on slope sections, comprising:

[0006] The frame body includes two door-shaped frames arranged in parallel. Each door-shaped frame is provided with a walking wheel. A top connection system and a lateral connection system are provided between the two door-shaped frames. An avoidance space is formed below the lateral connection system.

[0007] A lifting band mechanism is provided in each door-shaped frame. The lifting band mechanism includes an upper band member and a lower band member. A clamping channel is formed between the upper band member and the lower band member.

[0008] Preferably, the clamping channel is provided with a lifting mechanism on both sides in the radial direction. The lifting mechanism connects the upper band member and the lower band member.

[0009] Preferably, the door-shaped frame comprises a crossbeam and two opposite columns, and the columns are connected with the walking wheels.

[0010] Preferably, the columns are provided with a hanging ear mechanism for connecting a traction mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, a guide mechanism is further included, which comprises a pole beam provided with a hanging ring mechanism at both ends, and the traction mechanism is connected with the hanging ring mechanism and the hanging ear mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the top connection system comprises a plurality of longitudinal rods and transverse rods, the longitudinal rods are connected with the crossbeam at both ends, the transverse rods are connected with adjacent longitudinal rods perpendicularly, and a plurality of diagonal bracing rods are arranged between adjacent transverse rods.

[0013] Preferably, the lateral connection system comprises a plurality of parallel connecting rods, the connecting rods are connected with the columns at both ends, and a plurality of reinforcing rods are arranged between adjacent connecting rods.

[0014] Preferably, the upper hoop member is connected with the crossbeam, and the upper hoop member is provided with an arc-shaped groove in which an arc-shaped limiting plate is arranged.

[0015] Preferably, the lower hoop member comprises an arc-shaped supporting plate provided with a supporting member at both sides, and the supporting member is connected with the column through a clamp.

[0016] Preferably, the walking wheel comprises a roller and a wheel frame, the wheel frame is connected with the column, the wheel frame is provided with a clamping groove for clamping a track, the roller is rotatably arranged in the clamping groove, and a limiting wheel matched with the side wall of the track is further arranged in the clamping groove.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects of:

[0018] 1. The utility model provides a kind of heavy pipeline's transport device of slope section, by adopting door-shaped frame connection to form frame main body, and reserve avoidance space, so that transport device will not interfere with the slope corner position of the slope change amplitude is larger, can along the smooth movement of the slope section of the slope change amplitude is larger;

[0019] 2. The utility model provides a kind of heavy pipeline's transport device of slope section, by upper hoop member and lower hoop member form clamping passageway, pipe is stably limited on frame main body, can improve the stability of pipe in the process of transportation, improve the slope section transport safety of large pipe diameter heavy pipeline. DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the structure diagram of the transport device of slope section heavy pipeline of example 1.

[0021] Figure 2 For Figure 1 Structure schematic view of the upper hoop member is locally enlarged at A in the figure.

[0022] Figure 3 Structure schematic view of the upper hoop member described in Embodiment 1.

[0023] Figure 4 Bottom view of the upper hoop member described in Embodiment 1.

[0024] Figure 5 Structure schematic view of the lower hoop member described in Embodiment 1.

[0025] Figure 6 Use state view of the transport device for the heavy pipeline of the slope section in Embodiment 1.

[0026] Figure 7 Top view of the transport device for the heavy pipeline of the slope section in Embodiment 1.

[0027] Figure 8 Structure schematic view of the guide mechanism described in Embodiment 1.

[0028] Figure 9 Use state top view of the transport device for the heavy pipeline of the slope section in Embodiment 1.

[0029] Figure 10 Use state front view of the transport device for the heavy pipeline of the slope section in Embodiment 1.

[0030] Markings in the figure:

[0031] 1-frame body, 11-gate-shaped frame, 111-crossbeam, 112-stand, 2-traveling wheel, 21-roller, 22-wheel frame, 23-clamping groove, 24-limiting wheel, 3-top connecting system, 31-longitudinal rod, 32-transverse rod, 33-inclined strut, 4-lateral connecting system, 41-connecting rod, 42-strengthening rod, 5-avoidance space, 6-hooping mechanism, 61-upper hoop member, 611-arc-shaped limiting plate, 62-lower hoop member, 621-arc-shaped supporting plate, 622-supporting member, 63-hooping member, 64-clamping channel, 7-lifting mechanism, 8-hanging lug mechanism, 9-pulling mechanism, 10-guide mechanism, 101-bamboo pole, 102-hanging ring mechanism, 20-rail, 30-pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The utility model will be described in further detail in combination with specific embodiments. But this should not be understood as the above-mentioned subject matter of the utility model is limited to the following examples only, and all the technologies realized based on the content of the utility model belong to the scope of the utility model.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms of orientation or position relationship such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "center", "inner", "outer" and the like are expressed based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or position relationship when the product / device / apparatus of the present application is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present application or simplifying the description in the embodiments, and for the convenience of the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0034] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", "coaxial" and the like do not mean that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel or coaxial, but can be slightly inclined or deviated, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the related component. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined; "coaxial" means that two components are coaxially arranged as much as possible, and are moved in a coaxial or approximately coaxial manner when the relative position changes. Alternatively, it can be simplified to understand that the corresponding device / component / element is arranged in the "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", "coaxial" direction, and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably an error / deviation of ±8% or less, more preferably an error / deviation of ±6% or less, more preferably an error / deviation of ±5% or less, and more preferably an error / deviation of ±4% or less. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the present application scheme.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like in the description of the embodiments of the present application are only used to distinguish the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of the specific components.

[0036] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "several", "a plurality of", "several" represent at least 2. It can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc. in any case, and even more than 9.

[0037] Furthermore, in the description of the technical scheme of the utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified / limited / limited, the term "set", "installation", "connected", "connection", "provided with", "laid", "arranged" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be connected, or it can be integrally connected, it can be welding, riveting, bolting, screw connection and other commonly used connection means in the art. This connection can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection or communication connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] As Figures 1-10 shown, a kind of slope section heavy pipeline transport device, including frame main body 1, walking wheel 2 and sling hoop mechanism 6.

[0040] Frame main body 1 is the main part of the transport device, adopts section steel bar piece welding, bolting combination, frame main body 1 overall is cubic form, for realizing the stable clamping hoisting of pipeline 30, auxiliary pipeline 30 moves.

[0041] In one or more embodiments, frame main body 1 can include two door-shaped frames 11 arranged in parallel, which are connected by top connecting system 3 and lateral connecting system 4, and each of the two door-shaped frames 11 is provided with walking wheel 2. Top connecting system 3 and lateral connecting system 4 are arranged between the two door-shaped frames 11, and an avoidance space 5 is formed below the lateral connecting system 4.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the door-shaped frame 11 includes a cross beam 111 and two opposite vertical columns 112, and the bottom of the vertical column 112 is connected with the walking wheel 2. The door-shaped frame 11 has a simple structure and can be conveniently arranged on the pipeline 30 to provide stable support for the hoisting of the pipeline 30.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, the cross beam 111 can be a double-spliced I-beam, the vertical column 112 can be a double-spliced I-beam, and the walking wheel 2 can be stably connected with the vertical column 112 by welding or bolted connection.

[0044] The top connecting system 3 is used to connect the cross beams 111 of the two door-shaped frames 11, thereby improving the structural stability of the top region of the frame main body 1.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the top connecting system 3 can include a plurality of longitudinal rods 31 and transverse rods 32, the two ends of the longitudinal rod 31 are connected with the cross beam 111 respectively, the transverse rod 32 is connected with adjacent longitudinal rods 31 perpendicularly, and a plurality of inclined struts 33 are arranged between adjacent transverse rods 32. The longitudinal rods 31, the transverse rods 32 and the inclined struts 33 form a net-like structure to strengthen the frame member, which can stably hoist and move the pipeline 30.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, the longitudinal bars 31 can be I-beams, double-spliced I-beams, steel rectangular tubes, etc., and the two ends of the longitudinal bars 31 can be provided with bolted steel plates for abutting against the cross beams 111 of the two portal frames 11 and then being connected by welding or bolting; the transverse bars 32 can be I-beams, double-spliced I-beams, steel rectangular tubes, etc., and the two ends of the transverse bars 32 can be provided with bolted steel plates for abutting against the longitudinal bars 31 and then being connected by welding or bolting; the diagonal bracing bars 33 can be I-beams, double-spliced I-beams, channel steels, angle steels, etc., and the two ends of the diagonal bracing bars 33 can be welded after abutting against the transverse bars 32, so that the transverse bars 32 and the diagonal bracing bars 33 are connected to form a whole, thereby improving the assembly efficiency and the overall structural stability.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of transverse bars 32 can be arranged side by side between the two longitudinal bars 31, the longitudinal bars 31 can be arranged along the axis direction of the pipeline 30, and the transverse bars 32 can be perpendicular to the longitudinal bars 31; the diagonal bracing bars 33 can be arranged between adjacent transverse bars 32, and the diagonal bracing bars 33 can be symmetrically distributed and connected to the end positions of a transverse bar 32 and the middle positions of an adjacent transverse bar 32.

[0048] The lateral coupling system 4 is used to connect the uprights 112 of the two portal frames 11 along the axis direction of the pipeline 30, improve the structural stability of the side area of the frame body 1, and, in combination with the top coupling system 3, improve the overall structural stability of the frame body 1 and ensure the limiting stability during the moving process of the pipeline 30.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the lateral coupling system 4 can include a plurality of parallelly arranged connecting rods 41, the two ends of each connecting rod 41 are connected to the uprights 112, and a plurality of reinforcing rods 42 are arranged between adjacent connecting rods 41. The connecting rods 41 and the reinforcing rods 42 form a stable frame structure, thereby improving the overall structural stability of the frame body 1.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the connecting rods 41 can be I-beams, double-spliced I-beams, steel rectangular tubes, etc., and the ends of the connecting rods 41 can be provided with bolted steel plates for abutting against the uprights 112 of the two portal frames 11 and then being connected by bolting or welding; the reinforcing rods 42 can be I-beams, double-spliced I-beams, steel rectangular tubes, angle steels, etc., and the two ends of the reinforcing rods 42 can be welded after abutting against the adjacent two connecting rods 41 to form a stable frame structure, thereby improving the overall structural stability of the frame body 1.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the frame body 1 is symmetrically provided with lateral connecting systems 4 on both sides of the transverse direction perpendicular to the axis of the pipe 30. Each lateral connecting system 4 can be provided with two connecting rods 41. The distance between the lower connecting rod 41 and the bottom surface of the frame body 1 meets the avoidance of the slope corner position. At the same time, at least two reinforcing rods 42 can be provided between the two connecting rods 41. Multiple reinforcing rods 42 can be symmetrically distributed to connect the middle position of one of the connecting rods 41 and the end position of the adjacent connecting rod 41 to form a mesh-like reinforced frame structure.

[0052] The gantry frame 11 can be provided with hanging lug mechanisms 8 on both ends along the axis of the pipe 30. The hanging lug mechanisms 8 are connected to the column 112. The hanging lug mechanisms 8 are used to connect to the traction mechanism 9. The traction mechanism 9 pulls the frame body 1 to realize the movement of the pipe 30 located on the frame body 1.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the lug mechanism 8 may be an ear plate, hook, or other structural component that can connect to a steel wire rope or cable and is bolted or welded to the column 112. The traction mechanism 9 may be a combination of a winch and a steel wire rope, or other mechanical structures with traction function. The traction mechanism 9 is connected to the lug mechanism 8 and is used to pull the frame body 1.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, multiple installation positions for mounting the lug mechanism 8 can be reserved on the column 112 to facilitate temporary assembly of the lug mechanism 8 according to the actual situation. This also facilitates adjustment of the number and position of the traction mechanism 9 when the frame body 1 is carrying and transporting pipes 30 of different lengths or diameters, so as to adjust the number of traction points and avoid positional interference between the traction mechanism 9 and the pipe 30.

[0055] The hoisting mechanism 6 is installed inside the portal frame 11 to hold and fix the pipe 30, maintain the relative position stability of the pipe 30 and the frame body 1, and ensure the stable movement of the pipe 30.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, the clamping mechanism 6 may include an upper clamping member 61 and a lower clamping member 62, forming a clamping channel 64 between the upper clamping member 61 and the lower clamping member 62. The upper clamping member 61 and the lower clamping member 62 respectively form surface contact with the pipe 30, which can stably clamp and stabilize the pipe 30.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the upper hoop member 61 may include a vertically arranged plate-shaped structural member. The top of the plate-shaped structural member may intersect perpendicularly with the longitudinal centerline of the crossbeam 111, and the two ends may be provided with T-shaped structural plates for connection with the column 112. The upper hoop member 61 is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and an arc-shaped limiting plate 611 is provided in the arc-shaped groove to improve the structural strength of the upper hoop member 61 and realize the stable clamping and fixing of the pipe 30.

[0058] In optional embodiments, the lower hoop member 62 can include an arc-shaped support plate 621, and opposite sides of the arc-shaped support plate 621 are provided with support members 622, which are connected with the stand column 112 through the hoop member 63. The position of the lower hoop member 62 can be adjusted along the stand column 112 according to actual conditions, the size of the clamping channel is adjusted, and the stable clamping and fixing of the pipe 30 with different diameters are realized, thereby expanding the application range.

[0059] In optional embodiments, the support member 622 can be a steel plate welded structural member provided on both sides of the arc-shaped support plate 621, and a reinforcing rib plate can be welded according to actual conditions to improve the structural stability.

[0060] In one or more embodiments, the radial sides of the clamping channel 64 are respectively provided with a lifting mechanism 7, and the lifting mechanism 7 is connected with the upper hoop member 61 and the lower hoop member 62.

[0061] In optional embodiments, the lifting mechanism 7 can be a chain hoist, which can lift the lower hoop member 62 carrying the pipe 30, form the clamping channel 64, and ensure the stable positioning of the pipe 30 on the frame body 1.

[0062] In optional embodiments, the lifting mechanism 7 can be connected to the support member 622 of the lower hoop member 62 and the upper hoop member 61.

[0063] In one or more embodiments, the transportation device for the slope section heavy pipe can further include a guide mechanism 10, and the guide mechanism 10 includes a pole beam 101, and the both ends of the pole beam 101 are provided with a hanging ring mechanism 102, and the traction mechanism 9 is connected with the hanging ring mechanism 102 and the lug mechanism 8.

[0064] In optional embodiments, the pole beam 101 can be a processing member of an I-beam, a double-spliced I-beam, a steel rectangular tube, or the like, and one or more hanging holes can be provided at the both ends of the pole beam 101 according to actual conditions. In use, the both ends of the pole beam 101 are connected with the lug mechanism 8 on the stand column 112 through a steel wire rope, and the traction mechanism 9 is connected with the both ends of the pole beam 101, so as to avoid the position interference between the steel wire rope and the pipe 30, and ensure the stable and safe transportation of the pipe 30.

[0065] In optional embodiments, the structure of the pole beam 101 can be reinforced according to actual conditions to improve the traction stability.

[0066] The walking wheel 2 is used for sliding along the track 20 to assist the movement of the frame body 1, and is arranged at the bottom of the stand column 112 of the portal frame 11.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, the walking wheel 2 can include a roller 21 and a wheel frame 22, the wheel frame 22 is connected with the column 112 by bolting or welding, the wheel frame 22 is provided with a clamping groove 23 for clamping the rail 20, the wheel frame 22 is clamped on the rail 20 through the clamping groove 23, and the roller 21 is rotationally arranged in the clamping groove 23 and abuts against the top of the rail 20, so as to realize the movement of the walking wheel 2 along the rail 20.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, a limiting wheel 24 matched with the sidewall of the rail 20 can be further arranged in the clamping groove 23, the limiting wheel 24 can assist the frame body 1 to be righted when the frame body 1 is laterally deviated, so as to realize the stable movement of the frame body 1.

[0069] In the embodiment, the transportation device for the heavy pipeline on the slope section is used, the rail 20 is laid before use, the transportation device is slidingly arranged on the rail 20, the pipe section is hoisted by the lifting equipment such as a car crane to the middle line between the two rails 20, the frame body 1 is moved to above the pipeline 30, the pipeline 30 passes through the two door-shaped frames 11, the pipe section is hoisted by the lifting mechanism 7 on the frame body 1 and is stably clamped and fixed by the upper hoop member 61 and the lower hoop member 62, the frame body 1 is pulled by the traction mechanism 9, the movement of the pipe section along the rail 20 is realized, when the slope section with a large change range of slope is passed, the door-shaped frame 11 in front of the movement direction first passes over the slope corner position, the slope corner position enters the avoiding space 5 by the way, under the pulling of the traction mechanism 9, the door-shaped frame 11 in the rear of the movement direction continues to move and passes over the slope corner position, so that the position interference is avoided, the transportation device can be adapted to the stable and smooth transportation of the slope section with a large change range of slope, the stability of the pipeline 30 in the transportation process is improved, and the transportation safety of the heavy pipeline 30 on the slope section is improved.

[0070] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the utility model and does not limit the utility model, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A device for transporting a heavy pipe in a ramped section, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a frame body (1) comprising two door-shaped frames (11) arranged in parallel, each of the two door-shaped frames (11) being provided with a walking wheel (2), a top connecting system (3) and a lateral connecting system (4) being arranged between the two door-shaped frames (11), and an avoiding space (5) being formed below the lateral connecting system (4). Each of the two door-shaped frames (11) is provided with a lifting band mechanism (6), the lifting band mechanism (6) comprising an upper band member (61) and a lower band member (62), and a clamping channel (64) being formed between the upper band member (61) and the lower band member (62). Radial sides of the clamping channel (64) are respectively provided with a lifting mechanism (7) connected to the upper band member (61) and the lower band member (62).

2. A ramp section heavy pipe carrier according to claim 1, wherein, The door-shaped frame (11) comprises a crossbeam (111) and two opposite vertical columns (112), and the vertical columns (112) are connected to the walking wheels (2) at the bottom.

3. A ramp section heavy pipe carrier as defined in claim 1, wherein, The vertical columns (112) are provided with an ear hook mechanism (8) for connecting a traction mechanism (9).

4. A ramped segment heavy pipe transport apparatus according to claim 3, wherein, The utility model further comprises a guide mechanism (10) comprising a flat beam (101) provided with a ring hook mechanism (102) at both ends, and the traction mechanism (9) is connected to the ring hook mechanism (102) and the ear hook mechanism (8).

5. A ramped segment heavy pipe transport apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The top connecting system (3) comprises a plurality of longitudinal rods (31) and transverse rods (32), both ends of the longitudinal rods (31) are respectively connected to the crossbeams (111), the transverse rods (32) are connected to adjacent longitudinal rods (31) perpendicularly, and a plurality of inclined struts (33) are arranged between adjacent transverse rods (32).

6. A ramp section heavy pipe carrier apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein, The lateral connecting system (4) comprises a plurality of parallel connecting rods (41), both ends of the connecting rods (41) are respectively connected to the vertical columns (112), and a plurality of reinforcing rods (42) are arranged between adjacent connecting rods (41).

7. A ramped segment heavy pipe carrier as defined in claim 3, wherein, The upper band member (61) is connected to the crossbeam (111), and the upper band member (61) is provided with an arc-shaped groove in which an arc-shaped limiting plate (611) is arranged.

8. A ramp section heavy pipe carrier apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein, The lower band member (62) comprises an arc-shaped supporting plate (621), opposite sides of the arc-shaped supporting plate (621) are provided with supporting members (622), and the supporting members (622) are connected to the vertical columns (112) through a hoop member (63).

9. A ramp section heavy pipe carrier apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein, The walking wheel (2) comprises a roller (21) and a wheel frame (22), the wheel frame (22) is connected to the vertical column (112), the wheel frame (22) is provided with a clamping groove (23) for clamping a track (20), the roller (21) is rotatably arranged in the clamping groove (23), and a limiting wheel (24) matched with a side wall of the track (20) is further arranged in the clamping groove (23).

10. A ramped segment heavy pipe transport apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein, ​

Images