Self-starting ship cabin fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ship cabin fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration self-starting, which can realize the integration of a combustible gas detection device and a fan and reduce the cost. Comprising a sensor group, a signal conditioning circuit, a main control module and a fan assembly, the fan assembly comprises a plurality of fans, each fan comprises a starter, a driving motor and fan blades, the starter is connected with a power supply and the driving motor through a wiring terminal, and the driving motor drives the fan blades to rotate; the main control module and the signal conditioning circuit are arranged on a main board of the starter, and the main control module controls connection and disconnection of a wiring terminal of the starter. When the sensor detects that the concentration of the combustible gas reaches a preset threshold value, the fan can be immediately triggered to start, and the gas concentration is controlled to be below the explosion lower limit. And the two are integrated, so that the hardware cost can be reduced, and wiring is optimized. Sensors are arranged in multiple areas, for example, sensors are arranged at the top and the bottom of a cabin, so that missing detection caused by failure of a single sensor is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to ship security technology field, specifically, a kind of ship cabin fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration self-starting. BACKGROUND

[0002] There are many kinds of combustible gases in ship cabin, which involves multiple risks such as explosion, fire, poisoning and suffocation. Common combustible gases include hydrogen, acetylene, ammonia and organic volatile substances (VOCs). Hydrogen is released during battery charging process or leaked from hydrogen fuel cell system. Its density is extremely low (only 7% of air), and it is easy to accumulate at the top of a closed space. Its explosion limit is 4% to 75%, and it has extremely low ignition energy and high risk. Acetylene is leaked from gas cylinder during welding or cutting operation. Its explosion limit is 2.5% to 81%, which is the widest range among common gases, and it can be ignited by a slight spark. Ammonia is leaked from refrigeration system, and some ships use ammonia for refrigeration. Its explosion limit is 15% to 28%, and it is flammable and highly irritating, which can easily damage the respiratory tract. Organic volatile substances (VOCs) are released from chemical products (such as benzene and methanol) in cargo hold or paint solvent, and their explosion limits vary greatly (such as benzene 1.2% to 8%), and some of them are highly toxic.

[0003] Nowadays, ship classification society regulations require pure electric lithium battery ships to be equipped with a set of combustible gas concentration detection device at the place where dangerous gas is generated, and it is also specified that the cabin fan should be self-started when the concentration of dangerous gas is high. Currently, the combustible gas detection device and the cabin fan are mostly two independent systems, which has high cost. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of ship cabin fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration self-starting, which can realize the integration of combustible gas detection device and fan, and reduce cost.

[0005] The utility model provides a kind of ship cabin fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration self-starting, including sensor group, signal conditioning circuit, main control module and fan assembly;The fan assembly includes several fans, each fan includes starter, drive motor and fan blade, the starter is connected power supply and drive motor by terminal, and the drive motor drives the rotation of fan blade;The sensor group is used to detect the combustible gas concentration of multiple positions in ship cabin, the signal conditioning circuit is used to convert sensor group output signal into electric signal, and transmit to main control module;The fan assembly is used to discharge gas in ship cabin;The main control module and signal conditioning circuit are arranged on the mainboard of starter, and the main control module controls the on-off of starter terminal.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, an alarm module is further included, which is connected to the main control module.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the sensor group comprises a plurality of impedance sensors whose resistance decreases with the increase of gas concentration, and the signal conditioning circuit comprises a plurality of voltage division circuits, each of which comprises a first voltage division resistor connected in series with one impedance sensor.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the signal conditioning circuit comprises an amplification circuit comprising an operational amplifier and a diode, the output end of the impedance sensor is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier through a second voltage division resistor, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier is grounded, the negative electrode of the diode is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier, the positive electrode of the diode is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the master control module.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the master control module comprises a control board and a relay, the relay closes or opens the wiring terminal between the starter and the power supply or the wiring terminal between the starter and the driving motor, and the control board controls the energization state of the electromagnetic coil of the relay.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the control board and the electromagnetic coil of the relay are further isolated by an optical coupler.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the ship cabin comprises a plurality of sub-regions, and the fan assembly comprises a plurality of fans equal in number to the impedance sensors, each of the sub-regions of the ship cabin comprises one impedance sensor and one fan.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the control board is one of an ARM series, an STM32 series or a PIC series single-chip microcomputer.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, a voltage conversion circuit is further included, which converts the power supply provided by the ship into a voltage required for the operation of the signal conditioning circuit, the master control module and the fan assembly.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, an inverter is further included, which is used to convert a direct-current voltage into an alternating-current voltage required for the operation of the fan module.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the utility model are as follows: when the sensor detects that the combustible gas concentration reaches a preset threshold value, the fan can be immediately started to control the gas concentration below the lower explosive limit. The integration of the two can reduce the hardware cost and optimize the wiring. The sensors are arranged in multiple regions, such as at the top and bottom of the cabin, to avoid missing detection caused by failure of a single sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1The ship cabin fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration self-starting provided by the embodiment of the utility model shows a schematic diagram.

[0017] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the signal conditioning circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, and are not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the utility model. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the utility model should be understood as the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the utility model do not represent any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "contain" and similar words mean that the elements or objects before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect", "couple" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connection, but can include electrical connection, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationship, which can change accordingly when the absolute position of the described object changes.

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the utility model will be described below with reference to the drawings in the description, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model, and the embodiments in the utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0020] The ship cabin fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration self-starting provided by the embodiment of the utility model shows a schematic diagram. Figure 1As shown, including sensor group, signal conditioning circuit, main control module, alarm module and fan assembly. Sensor group includes a plurality of sensors, the sensor uses impedance sensor, resistance decreases with the increase of gas concentration. Such as MQ series semiconductor sensor, the core material uses metal oxide semiconductor (such as SnO2, ZnO2), the sensor is heated to 200-400 DEG C (built-in heating wire), the semiconductor surface adsorbs oxygen, forms oxygen ion, when the combustible gas (such as CH4, C3H8) contacts the semiconductor surface, the oxidation-reduction reaction occurs with the oxygen ion, the reaction releases electrons, reduces the resistance of the semiconductor material. The semiconductor resistance Rs decreases with the increase of gas concentration (nonlinear relationship). The resistance change is converted into a voltage signal by the voltage dividing circuit.

[0021] The fan assembly is used to exhaust the gas in the cabin of the ship, and the fan assembly includes a plurality of fans, each fan including a starter, a driving motor and a fan blade, the starter being connected to the power supply and the driving motor through a terminal, and the driving motor driving the fan blade to rotate. The starter is an electrical device for starting, stopping and running the driving motor, which mainly reduces the starting current, reduces the mechanical impact, and protects the motor and the load. There are many types of starters, such as direct starter, star-delta starter, soft starter and variable frequency starter (VFD). The star-delta starter is connected in star (step-down) when starting, and is switched to delta for running, which is suitable for 5.5-30 kW medium power driving motor. The soft starter gradually increases the voltage through thyristor to achieve smooth start, which is suitable for medium to large power driving motor. The variable frequency starter (VFD) adjusts the power frequency and voltage to achieve stepless speed regulation and soft start.

[0022] The sensor group is used to detect the combustible gas concentration at multiple positions in the cabin of the ship, and the signal conditioning circuit is used to convert the output signal of the sensor group into an electrical signal and transmit it to the main control module. The circuit diagram of the signal conditioning circuit is shown in Figure 2 As shown, the signal conditioning circuit includes a voltage dividing circuit and an amplifying circuit, each voltage dividing circuit including a first voltage dividing resistor R L , each first voltage dividing resistor being connected in series with an impedance sensor, the output voltage of the sensor being equal to 5R L / (Rs+R L ). The amplifying circuit includes an operational amplifier and a diode, the output end of the impedance sensor connected in series being connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier through a second voltage dividing resistor R, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier being grounded, the negative electrode of the diode being connected to the output end of the operational amplifier, the positive electrode of the diode being connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier being connected to the main control module. The non-linear element (such as diode, transistor) is introduced in the feedback loop of the operational amplifier to construct a logarithmic amplifier, which can inversely offset the non-linearity of the sensor. The logarithmic amplifier compresses the large dynamic range of the signal to a range that is easier to manage by the main control module.

[0023] The main control module and the signal conditioning circuit are arranged on the main board (PCB) of the starter, and the main control module controls the on-off of the terminal of the starter. The main board can play a mechanical support role and provide electrical connection to supply power to the control module. The main control module can be powered by the power supply together with the starter. Since the main control module generally uses 5v voltage, voltage reduction conversion is required. It can also be independently powered separately from the starter. The main control module includes a control board and a relay. The control board can use an ARM series, STM32 series or PIC series single-chip microcomputer. The relay closes or opens the terminal between the starter and the power supply or the terminal between the starter and the driving motor. Taking the relay closing or opening the terminal between the starter and the power supply as an example, the relay includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The moving contact is controlled to move by an electromagnetic coil, and the stationary contact is distributed on the power supply side and the starter side. When the electromagnetic coil is powered, the moving contact moves to conduct the stationary contact. When the relay controls the terminal between the starter and the power supply, the main control module needs to be independently powered. When the relay controls the terminal between the starter and the driving motor, it can be uniformly powered or independently powered. The control board controls the power-on state of the electromagnetic coil of the relay. An optical coupler is also used for isolation between the control board and the electromagnetic coil of the relay. When the electromagnetic coil requires a large working current, a driving circuit can also be arranged to drive the electromagnetic coil to work.

[0024] The alarm module is connected to the main control module. The alarm module can be an alarm, an indicator light, or a combination of the two. A display screen can also be configured to display the concentration detected by the sensor.

[0025] The ship cabin is divided into several sub-regions, and the number of fans and impedance sensors is the same. Each sub-region of the ship cabin includes an impedance sensor and a fan. Precise control of the local area of the ship cabin can be achieved.

[0026] In addition, the ship cabin fan assembly based on the combustible gas concentration self-starting of the embodiment of the application further includes a voltage conversion circuit and an inverter. The voltage conversion circuit converts the power supply provided by the ship into the voltage required for the operation of the signal conditioning circuit, the main control module, the driving circuit and the fan assembly. The inverter is used to convert the direct current voltage of the storage battery into the alternating current voltage required for the operation of the fan module.

[0027] When the sensor detects that the concentration of combustible gas reaches the preset threshold value, the fan can be immediately started to control the gas concentration below the lower explosive limit. Integrating the two can reduce hardware costs and optimize wiring. Sensors are arranged in multiple areas, such as at the top and bottom of the cabin, to avoid missing detection due to a single sensor failure and to achieve precise detection and control of local areas.

[0028] Obviously, persons of ordinary skill in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments in the utility model embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments in the utility model embodiments. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the embodiments in the utility model embodiments belong to the scope of the claims of the embodiments in the utility model embodiments and equivalent technologies, the embodiments in the utility model embodiments also intend to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A ship cabin ventilation fan assembly that automatically starts based on combustible gas concentration, characterized in that, The system includes a sensor array, a signal conditioning circuit, a main control module, and a fan assembly. The fan assembly comprises several fans, each including a starter, a drive motor, and fan blades. The starter is connected to a power supply and the drive motor via terminals, and the drive motor drives the fan blades to rotate. The sensor array is used to detect the concentration of combustible gas at multiple locations within the ship's cabin. The signal conditioning circuit converts the output signals from the sensor array into electrical signals and transmits them to the main control module. The fan assembly is used to exhaust gas from the ship's cabin. The main control module and the signal conditioning circuit are mounted on the starter's main board, and the main control module controls the on / off state of the starter's terminals.

2. The ship cabin ventilation fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration for self-starting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an alarm module, which is connected to the main control module.

3. The ship cabin ventilation fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration for self-starting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor group includes several impedance sensors, the resistance of which decreases as the gas concentration increases. The signal conditioning circuit includes multiple voltage divider circuits, each including a first voltage divider resistor, and each first voltage divider resistor is connected in series with an impedance sensor.

4. The ship cabin ventilation fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration for self-starting as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The signal conditioning circuit includes an amplifier circuit, which includes an operational amplifier and a diode. The output terminal of the impedance sensor connected in series is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier after passing through a second voltage divider resistor. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded. The negative terminal of the diode is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the positive terminal is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. The output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the main control module.

5. The ship cabin ventilation fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration for self-starting as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The main control module includes a control board and a relay. The relay closes or opens the wiring terminals between the starter and the power supply or between the starter and the drive motor. The control board controls the energization state of the relay's electromagnetic coil.

6. The ship cabin ventilation fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration for self-starting as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The control board and the electromagnetic coils of the relays are also isolated by an optocoupler.

7. The ship cabin ventilation fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration for self-starting according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ship's compartment includes several sub-regions, and the fan assembly includes the same number of fans as the impedance sensors. Each sub-region of the ship's compartment contains one impedance sensor and one fan.

8. The ship cabin ventilation fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration for self-starting as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The control board is one of the ARM series, STM32 series or PIC series microcontrollers.

9. The ship cabin ventilation fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration for self-starting according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage conversion circuit that converts the power supplied by the ship into the voltage required for the operation of the signal conditioning circuit, the main control module, and the wind turbine components.

10. The ship cabin ventilation fan assembly based on combustible gas concentration for self-starting according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes an inverter, which is used to convert DC voltage into AC voltage required for the operation of the wind turbine module.

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