Battery cell, battery device and electric equipment
By setting a pressure relief structure and forming an exhaust channel through the notch in the electrode assembly on the cell casing, the problem of thermal runaway explosion of the cell is solved, the safe pressure relief effect of the cell is achieved, and the risk of explosion is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520175842.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-24
AI Technical Summary
During use, the outer casing of the battery cell on the explosion-proof valve side deforms less, making it easy for gas to become blocked, which can lead to thermal runaway and the risk of explosion.
A pressure relief structure is provided on the casing of the battery cell, and a notch is provided on the side of the electrode assembly near the pressure relief structure to form an exhaust channel that communicates with the pressure relief structure. This increases the exhaust space so that the gas can be guided to the pressure relief structure and promptly open the pressure relief structure to release pressure.
By increasing the connection space of the exhaust channel and pressure relief structure, timely pressure relief is achieved, reducing the risk of explosion caused by thermal runaway and improving the safety of the battery cell.
Smart Images
Figure CN223828642U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, battery device and electrical equipment. Background Technology
[0002] As batteries become larger and longer, the safety risks associated with battery cells also increase. During use, battery cells produce gas. Because the outer casing on the explosion-proof valve side deforms less, the gas can easily become trapped on that side, leading to thermal runaway and an explosion. Utility Model Content
[0003] The main purpose of this application is to propose a battery cell designed to reduce the risk of battery cell explosion.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the battery cell proposed in this application includes a housing, a pressure relief structure, and an electrode assembly. The pressure relief structure is disposed on one side of the housing; the electrode assembly is disposed inside the housing, and the electrode assembly has a notch on the side near the pressure relief structure.
[0005] In one embodiment, at least a portion of the pressure relief structure is disposed opposite to the notch.
[0006] In one embodiment, the projection of the notch onto the side of the housing where the pressure relief structure is located covers the pressure relief structure.
[0007] In one embodiment, the dimension of the notch from the side closest to the pressure relief structure to the side furthest from the pressure relief structure is H, wherein 0.5mm≤H≤5mm.
[0008] In one embodiment, multiple notches are provided, and the multiple notches are spaced apart.
[0009] In one embodiment, the notch includes:
[0010] A first notch is located at a corner of the electrode assembly near the pressure relief structure; and
[0011] The second notch is located in the middle of the side of the electrode assembly near the pressure relief structure.
[0012] In one embodiment, the housing has a groove on the side where the pressure relief structure is located, and the groove is recessed in a direction away from the electrode assembly.
[0013] In one embodiment, the pressure relief structure is located on the side of the groove away from the electrode assembly.
[0014] This application also proposes a battery device including the aforementioned battery cell.
[0015] This application also proposes an electrical device including the aforementioned battery device.
[0016] The technical solution of this application, by placing the pressure relief structure on one side of the housing, allows the structure to open when the internal pressure reaches a preset value, thus achieving a pressure relief effect. By placing the electrode assembly inside the housing, the housing provides excellent protection for the electrode assembly. By providing a notch on the side of the electrode assembly near the pressure relief structure, forming an exhaust channel communicating with the pressure relief structure between the notch and the inner wall of the housing, the volume of the exhaust channel near the pressure relief structure can be increased. This facilitates the guidance of gas to this location, making it easier to force open the pressure relief structure and reducing the risk of explosion caused by thermal runaway. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first embodiment of the battery cell provided in this application;
[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the positive electrode sheet in the battery cell provided in this application;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second embodiment of the battery cell provided in this application;
[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the positive electrode sheet in the battery cell provided in this application;
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the third embodiment of the battery cell provided in this application;
[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the positive electrode in the battery cell provided in this application;
[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fourth embodiment of the battery cell provided in this application;
[0025] Figure 8 This is an exploded structural diagram of an embodiment of the battery device provided in this application.
[0026] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0027] 100. Battery cell; 110. Housing; 111. Groove; 120. Pressure relief structure; 130. Electrode assembly; 131. Positive electrode; 1311. Positive electrode tab; 132. Negative electrode; 1321. Negative electrode tab; 1301. Notch; 1301a. First notch; 1301b. Second notch;
[0028] 200. Box body.
[0029] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0031] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0032] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.
[0033] As batteries become larger and longer, the safety risks associated with battery cells also increase. During use, battery cells produce gas. Because the outer casing on the explosion-proof valve side deforms less, the gas can easily become trapped on that side, leading to thermal runaway and an explosion.
[0034] To reduce the risk of battery cell explosion, this application proposes a battery cell.
[0035] Please refer to the reference. Figures 1 to 7 In one embodiment of this application, the battery cell 100 includes a housing 110, a pressure relief structure 120, and an electrode assembly 130. The pressure relief structure 120 is disposed on one side of the housing 110. The electrode assembly 130 is disposed inside the housing 110, and a notch 1301 is provided on the side of the electrode assembly 130 near the pressure relief structure 120.
[0036] The housing 110 can be cylindrical, cuboid, or other shapes. For example, when the housing 110 is cylindrical, it includes a cylindrical body and a top cover and a bottom plate located at both ends of the body. When the electrode assembly 130 is disposed within the housing 110, it can be wound into a cylindrical shape. When the housing 110 is cuboid, it includes a top cover, a bottom plate, and a cuboid-shaped body disposed opposite each other, with openings at both ends of the body, and the top cover and bottom plate respectively located at the two openings. The housing 110 can be made of metal, thus providing good support and protection for the electrode assembly 130 disposed within the housing 110.
[0037] Specifically, the electrode assembly 130 may include a positive electrode 131, a negative electrode 132, and a separator for isolating the positive electrode 131 and the negative electrode 132. Of course, to insulate both the positive electrode 131 and the negative electrode 132 from the housing 110 and reduce the risk of short circuit between the positive electrode 131 and / or the negative electrode 132 and the metal housing 110, in some examples, insulating films are provided between the positive electrode 131 and the housing 110, and between the negative electrode 132 and the housing 110. The positive electrode 131 has a positive electrode tab 1311, and the negative electrode 132 has a negative electrode tab 1321. The housing 110 may also have at least two terminals, which are electrically connected to the positive electrode tab 1311 and the negative electrode tab 1321, respectively. Specifically, the terminals may be located on the top cover of the housing 110, or on the bottom plate of the housing 110, etc.
[0038] It is understood that the housing 110 also contains an electrolyte that wets the electrode assembly 130. When the electrolyte reacts, it produces gas. When the gas reaches a predetermined pressure value, thermal runaway can easily occur. In this application, a pressure relief structure 120 is provided. When the gas pressure reaches the preset pressure value, the pressure relief structure 120 can be opened to achieve a pressure relief effect, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway. Specifically, the pressure relief structure 120 can be located on the top cover of the housing 110 or on the bottom plate of the housing 110. The pressure relief structure 120 can be located on the same side as the aforementioned electrode post or on a different side. For example, when the electrode tab is located on the top cover of the housing 110, the pressure relief structure 120 can be located on the opposite side of the housing 110 from the electrode tab, thereby achieving thermoelectric separation and reducing the risk of electrolyte contamination of the electrode post when gas is discharged from the pressure relief structure 120. The housing 110 is provided with a pressure relief hole, and the pressure relief structure 120 can be installed at the pressure relief hole. Specifically, the pressure relief structure 120 can be a spring-loaded pressure relief valve or a lever-type pressure relief valve, etc. Since the pressure relief structure 120 is a well-known technology to those skilled in the art, it will not be described in detail.
[0039] The electrode assembly 130 has a notch 1301 on the side near the pressure relief structure 120. Specifically, in the electrode assembly 130, the positive electrode 131 and the negative electrode 132 both have a notch 1301 on the side near the pressure relief structure 120. The shape of the notch 1301 can be rectangular, semi-circular, circular, or trapezoidal. The notch 1301 can be directly opposite the pressure relief structure 120 or offset from it, as long as it allows communication between the pressure relief structure 120 and the notch 1301. By providing a notch 1301 on the side of the electrode assembly 130 near the pressure relief structure 120, the gas flow space within the housing 110 near the pressure relief structure 120 can be increased, thereby facilitating the flow of more gas to this location to break open the pressure relief structure 120 and achieve timely pressure relief, reducing the risk of explosion due to thermal runaway.
[0040] The technical solution of this application, by placing the pressure relief structure 120 on one side of the housing 110, allows the pressure relief structure 120 to open when the gas pressure inside the housing 110 reaches a preset value, thus achieving the effect of pressure relief. By placing the electrode assembly 130 inside the housing 110, the housing 110 provides good protection for the electrode assembly 130. A notch 1301 is provided on the side of the electrode assembly 130 near the pressure relief structure 120. This notch 1301 and the inner wall of the housing 110 form an exhaust channel communicating with the pressure relief structure 120, facilitating the guidance of gas to this location to more effectively open the pressure relief structure 120 and reduce the risk of explosion caused by thermal runaway.
[0041] Please refer to the reference. Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 7 In some embodiments of this application, at least a portion of the pressure relief structure 120 is disposed opposite to the notch 1301.
[0042] Specifically, a portion of the pressure relief structure 120 is positioned opposite to the notch 1301, while another portion is offset from the notch 1301. Alternatively, the entire pressure relief structure 120 may be positioned opposite to the notch 1301.
[0043] By arranging at least a portion of the pressure relief structure 120 opposite to the gap 1301, the gas at the gap 1301 can reach the pressure relief structure 120 in a timely manner, thereby breaking through the pressure relief structure 120 more quickly and achieving the effect of timely pressure relief.
[0044] Please refer to the reference. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment of this application, the projection of the notch 1301 on the side of the housing 110 where the pressure relief structure 120 is provided covers the pressure relief structure 120.
[0045] Specifically, the projection of the notch 1301 on the side of the housing 110 where the pressure relief structure 120 is provided is the same as the projected area of the pressure relief structure 120 on the housing 110, or the projection of the notch 1301 on the side of the housing 110 where the pressure relief structure 120 is provided is greater than the projected area of the pressure relief structure 120 on the housing 110.
[0046] By making the projection of the notch 1301 on the side of the housing 110 where the pressure relief structure 120 is provided cover the pressure relief structure 120, the entire pressure relief structure 120 can be opposite to the notch 1301, thereby making the space near the pressure relief structure 120 larger, so as to improve the efficiency of guiding gas to the vicinity of the pressure relief structure 120, improve the efficiency of breaking open the pressure relief structure 120, and thus achieve a more timely pressure relief effect.
[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the dimension of the notch 1301 from the side near the pressure relief structure 120 to the side away from the pressure relief structure 120 is H, wherein 0.5mm≤H≤5mm.
[0048] It should be noted that the side of the notch 1301 closest to the pressure relief structure 120 refers to the side of the electrode assembly 130 closest to the pressure relief structure 120. The dimension of the side of the notch 1301 furthest from the pressure relief structure 120 refers to the position of the notch 1301 at its farthest point from the pressure relief structure 120. For example, when the notch 1301 is rectangular, the bottom wall of the notch 1301 is the position at its farthest point from the pressure relief structure 120; if the notch 1301 is semi-circular, the position of the arc-shaped inner wall of the notch 1301 at its farthest point from the pressure relief structure 120 refers to the middle position of the arc-shaped inner wall of the notch 1301. More specifically, the dimension of the notch 1301 from the side near the pressure relief structure 120 to the side away from the pressure relief structure 120 refers to the dimension of the positive electrode 131 from the side near the pressure relief structure 120 to the side of the notch 1301 on the positive electrode 131 away from the pressure relief structure 120; or it refers to the dimension of the negative electrode 132 from the side near the pressure relief structure 120 to the side of the notch 1301 on the negative electrode 132 away from the pressure relief structure 120. When both the positive electrode 131 and the negative electrode 132 have notches 1301, the dimension of the notch 1301 on the positive electrode 131 from the side near the pressure relief structure 120 to the side away from the pressure relief structure 120 can be set to be not less than 0.5 mm and not more than 5 mm; the dimension of the notch 1301 on the negative electrode 132 from the side near the pressure relief structure 120 to the side away from the pressure relief structure 120 can also be set to be not less than 0.5 mm and not more than 5 mm. The notches 1301 on the positive electrode 131 and the negative electrode 132, while meeting the aforementioned dimensions, can be either the same size or different sizes. Specifically, the dimension H of the notch 1301 from the side closest to the pressure relief structure 120 to the side furthest from the pressure relief structure 120 can be 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.52mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, or 5mm, etc.
[0049] By setting the dimension H of the notch 1301 from the side near the pressure relief structure 120 to the side away from the pressure relief structure 120 to 0.5mm≤H≤5mm, on the one hand, the size of the notch 1301 is not too small, thus ensuring that the exhaust space near the pressure relief structure 120 is sufficient, so that the gas can be quickly guided to the space and quickly push open the pressure relief structure 120 to achieve the effect of timely pressure relief; on the other hand, the notch 1301 does not occupy too much space of the electrode assembly 130, thus ensuring that the cell 100 has sufficient capacity.
[0050] Please refer to the reference. Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment of this application, multiple notches 1301 are provided, and the multiple notches 1301 are spaced apart.
[0051] By setting multiple spaced gaps 1301, the area of the gaps 1301 can be increased, thereby increasing the exhaust space near the pressure relief structure 120. This facilitates the timely guidance of gas to this location and timely opening of the pressure relief structure 120, achieving the effect of timely pressure relief and reducing the risk of explosion.
[0052] Please refer to the reference. Figure 5 and Figure 6 In one embodiment of this application, the notch 1301 includes a first notch 1301a and a second notch 1301b. The first notch 1301a is located at the corner of the electrode assembly 130 near the pressure relief structure 120; the second notch 1301b is located at the middle of the electrode assembly 130 near the pressure relief structure 120.
[0053] Specifically, the shape of the first notch 1301a can be an arc, a rectangle, or a triangle, etc. The shape of the second notch 1301b can also be an arc, a rectangle, or a triangle, etc. The shape of the first notch 1301a can be the same as the shape of the second notch 1301b, or it can be different from the shape of the second notch 1301b.
[0054] By providing a first notch 1301a at the corner of the electrode assembly 130 near the pressure relief structure 120, and a second notch 1301b at the center of the same side, the total opening area of the notches 1301 is larger. This facilitates the guidance of gas to the side of the electrode assembly 130 near the pressure relief structure 120, making it easier to open the pressure relief structure 120 and release pressure promptly, thus reducing the risk of explosion. Furthermore, by providing the first notch 1301a at some corners of the electrode assembly 130 near the pressure relief structure 120, gas moving away from the pressure relief structure 120 is quickly guided through the first notch 1301a to the side where the pressure relief structure 120 is located. This provides good clearance for gas flow, further improving the guidance of gas to the side of the electrode assembly 130 near the pressure relief structure 120, facilitating the timely opening of the pressure relief structure 120, achieving pressure relief, and further reducing the risk of explosion.
[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the housing 110 has a groove 111 on one side where the pressure relief structure 120 is provided, and the groove 111 is recessed in a direction away from the electrode assembly 130.
[0056] Specifically, the groove 111 can be a rectangular groove 111, a triangular groove 111, or an arc-shaped groove 111, etc.
[0057] By providing a groove 111 on one side of the housing 110 where the pressure relief structure 120 is located, and the groove 111 is recessed in the direction away from the electrode assembly 130, the groove 111 increases the space inside the housing 110, thereby increasing the exhaust space near the pressure relief structure 120, so that more gas can be guided to this place and promptly push open the pressure relief structure 120 to achieve the effect of pressure relief and reduce the risk of explosion.
[0058] like Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the pressure relief structure 120 is disposed on the wall surface of the groove 111 away from the electrode assembly 130.
[0059] By placing the pressure relief structure 120 on the wall of the groove 111 away from the electrode assembly 130, a larger exhaust space is made closer to the pressure relief structure 120. When the gas is guided to the groove 111, it can be pushed open more quickly, thereby releasing pressure rapidly and reducing the risk of explosion.
[0060] This application also proposes a battery device, which includes a battery cell 100. The specific structure of the battery cell 100 is as described in the above embodiments. Since this battery device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.
[0061] like Figure 8 As shown, the battery device also includes a housing 200, within which a plurality of battery cells 100 are disposed. The housing 200 provides a receiving space for the battery cells 100, and the housing 200 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 200 may include a first part and a second part, which overlap each other, and the first part and the second part together define a receiving space for receiving the battery cells 100. The second part may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part may be a plate-like structure, with the first part covering the open side of the second part so that the first part and the second part together define the receiving space; the first part and the second part may also be hollow structures with one side open, with the open side of the first part covering the open side of the second part. Of course, the housing 200 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
[0062] When there are multiple cells 100, the multiple cells 100 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection means that multiple cells 100 are connected in both series and parallel. Multiple cells 100 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner, and then the whole assembly of these multiple cells 100, i.e., the battery module, is housed in the housing 200.
[0063] This application also proposes an electrical device that includes a battery device. The specific structure of the battery device is as described in the above embodiments. Since this electrical device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.
[0064] Among them, electrical equipment can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, or spacecraft, etc.
[0065] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A battery cell, characterized in that, include: case; A pressure relief structure is provided on one side of the housing; as well as An electrode assembly is disposed within the housing, and the electrode assembly has a notch on the side near the pressure relief structure.
2. The battery cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least a portion of the pressure relief structure is positioned opposite the notch.
3. The battery cell as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The projection of the notch onto the side of the housing where the pressure relief structure is located covers the pressure relief structure.
4. The battery cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dimension of the notch from the side closest to the pressure relief structure to the side furthest from the pressure relief structure is H, where 0.5mm≤H≤5mm.
5. The battery cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The notches are provided in multiple places, and the multiple notches are spaced apart.
6. The battery cell as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The gap includes: A first notch is located at a corner of the electrode assembly near the pressure relief structure; and The second notch is located in the middle of the side of the electrode assembly near the pressure relief structure.
7. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The housing has a groove on one side where the pressure relief structure is located, and the groove is recessed in a direction away from the electrode assembly.
8. The battery cell as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure relief structure is located on the side of the groove away from the electrode assembly.
9. A battery device, characterized in that, Includes the battery cell as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery device as described in claim 9.