Orthopedic intramedullary nail

Abstract

The utility model discloses an orthopedic intramedullary nail which comprises a nail body, and the nail body comprises an upper nail body and a lower nail body. A connecting structure is arranged between the upper nail body and the lower nail body; the upper nail body and the lower nail body can rotate around the connecting structure, so that the upper nail body and the lower nail body can be folded and separated; when nailing is needed, the upper nail body and the lower nail body are in a folded state, and when the upper nail body and the lower nail body need to be separated after nailing, the upper nail body and the lower nail body are in a separated state. When the upper nail body and the lower nail body are in a folded state, the nailing ends of the upper nail body and the lower nail body are matched with each other to form an integral nail body; the nail body as an integral structure is easy to nail in; when the device is used for sternum fracture surgery, the intramedullary nails can be arranged in cancellous bones in fractured sternum marrow, the front ends of the intramedullary nails are separated to form a crossed shape to prevent the intramedullary nails from rotating in an intramedullary cavity, fracture is more accurately fixed, and the fixing effect is more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of orthopedic medical device technology, and in particular to an orthopedic intramedullary nail. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are three types of intramedullary nails: standard intramedullary nails, flexible intramedullary nails, and locking intramedullary nails. Intramedullary nails have become an important device for treating fractures worldwide. Different treatment methods are used depending on the specific fracture, such as using intramedullary nails or rib clamps for fixation. The nail body is inserted into the medullary cavity. However, because the screw body is often straight, it is easy for the screw to dislodge or rotate out of the medullary cavity when it enters, reducing the surgical outcome and increasing patient suffering.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for an orthopedic nail that can be fixed within the bone marrow cavity. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an orthopedic intramedullary nail, which uses a nail body with a tensionable structure to connect and fix fractured bone, thereby promoting rapid fracture healing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] The intramedullary nail for orthopedics provided by this utility model includes a nail body, wherein the nail body includes an upper nail body and a lower nail body;

[0007] A connecting structure is provided between the upper nail body and the lower nail body; the upper nail body and the lower nail body can rotate around the connecting structure, so that the upper nail body and the lower nail body can be closed and separated.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper nail body is provided with a front end and a rear end; the front end is the nailing target end, and the rear end rotates when subjected to force, and the connection between the rear end and the front end forms a preset angle, so that the upper nail body forms a curved nail body.

[0009] Furthermore, the connection structure is located at the curved section between the front end and the rear end.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower nail body and the upper nail body are provided with connecting parts corresponding to the bent parts.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper and lower nail bodies are provided with a locking structure to fix the position between the two nail bodies as the rear ends of the upper and lower nail bodies approach and close together.

[0012] Furthermore, the locking structure is disposed at the rear end of the upper nail body and the lower nail body.

[0013] Furthermore, the locking structure adopts a one-way ratchet structure; the one-way ratchet structure includes a ratchet bar disposed on the lower nail body and a pawl disposed on the upper nail body.

[0014] Furthermore, the ratchet is located at the rear end of the lower nail body, the ratchet is arc-shaped, the pawl is located in the pawl groove of the upper nail body, the pawl groove is provided with an elastic component, and the pawl cooperates with the elastic component.

[0015] Furthermore, both the upper and lower nail bodies are made of titanium alloy and / or magnesium alloy.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a circumferential bone graft that mates with the upper and / or lower screw bodies, the circumferential bone graft having screw holes that mate with the upper and / or lower screw bodies.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] The intramedullary nail for orthopedics provided by this utility model includes a nail body comprising an upper nail body and a lower nail body; a connecting structure is provided between the upper nail body and the lower nail body; the upper nail body and the lower nail body can rotate around the connecting structure, thereby allowing the upper nail body and the lower nail body to close and separate; when it is necessary to insert the nail, the upper nail body and the lower nail body are in a closed state; when it is necessary to separate the nail body after insertion, the upper nail body and the lower nail body are in a separated state; when in the closed state, the insertion ends of the upper nail body and the lower nail body cooperate with each other to form a whole nail body; as a whole structure, the nail body is easy to insert; when performing sternal fracture surgery, this device can place the intramedullary nails separately in the cancellous bone within the fractured sternal bone marrow, and prevent the intramedullary nails from rotating in the intramedullary cavity by separating the front ends of the intramedullary nails to form a cross shape, thereby providing more precise fixation of the fracture and making the fixation effect more stable.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives, and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination and study, or may be learned from practice of this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the following drawings are provided for illustration.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the intramedullary nail structure.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the intramedullary nail.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the intramedullary nail in its closed state.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the intramedullary nail in its open state.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a double-headed nail structure.

[0026] In the diagram, 1 represents the upper nail body; 2 represents the lower nail body; 3 represents the connecting structure; 4 represents the locking structure; 31 represents the connecting hole; 32 represents the pin; 41 represents the ratchet rack; and 42 represents the pawl. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the orthopedic intramedullary nail provided in this embodiment includes a nail body, which includes an upper nail body and a lower nail body; a connecting structure is provided between the upper nail body and the lower nail body; the upper nail body and the lower nail body can rotate around the connecting structure, thereby allowing the upper nail body and the lower nail body to close and separate; when it is necessary to insert the nail, the upper nail body and the lower nail body are in a closed state, and when it is necessary to separate the nail body after insertion, the upper nail body and the lower nail body are in a separated state;

[0029] When closed, the nailing ends of the upper and lower nail bodies cooperate to form a single nail body; as a single structure, the nail body is easy to drive in.

[0030] In this embodiment, the upper and lower nail bodies are split cylindrical nail bodies, such as semi-cylindrical nail bodies; the nailing end of the cylindrical nail body on one side of the connecting structure is the front end, and the other side of the connecting structure is the rear end; the two nail bodies can be separated, and when nailed in, the two nail bodies close together. After nailing, the rear end of the nail body is subjected to force, which can be achieved by applying a pressure to bring them closer together, or by applying a force to separate them;

[0031] In this embodiment, the upper and lower nail bodies are provided with threads, stripes, or teeth; the shape and curvature of the upper and lower nail bodies can be set according to the physiological curvature of the bones in different parts to adapt to the fixation of fractured bones.

[0032] In this embodiment, the upper and lower nail bodies can be configured as symmetrical nail body structures with curved sections; or they can be configured as symmetrical structures consisting of two pairs of upper and lower nail bodies.

[0033] In this embodiment, both the upper and lower nail bodies are provided with a front end and a rear end; the front end is the nailing target end, and the rear end rotates when subjected to force, and the connection between the rear end and the front end forms a preset angle, so that the upper nail body forms a bent nail body; the connecting structure is provided at the bent part between the front end and the rear end.

[0034] In this embodiment, the connection between the rear end and the front end forms a preset angle, which can be determined according to the actual situation; when the nail is driven in, the bending angle between the driving end of the upper nail and the lower nail and the bending part can be determined according to the situation of nailing into the bone; the angle at which the driving end opens after the rear end closes; that is, when the rear end part closes, the driving end (i.e. the front end) of the upper nail and the lower nail separates; the separation of the upper nail and the lower nail can prevent the nail from slipping or rotating;

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the upper and lower nail bodies are connected in a movable manner. The movable connection structure includes a connecting hole and a pin. The connecting hole is provided on the upper and lower nail bodies, and the pin is provided in the connecting hole, so that the upper and lower nail bodies form a connecting member. The connecting member can be a hinged connection. In this embodiment, the lower nail body and the upper nail body are provided with connecting parts corresponding to the bent parts (such as pins; if the connecting hole is provided on the upper nail body, the pin is provided on the lower nail body).

[0036] In this embodiment, the rear ends of the upper and lower nail bodies are provided with locking structures to fix the position between the two nail bodies during the closing process of the rear ends of the upper and lower nail bodies.

[0037] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the locking structure in this embodiment adopts a one-way ratchet structure; the one-way ratchet structure includes a ratchet bar disposed on the first nail body and a pawl disposed on the second nail body.

[0038] The locking structure in this embodiment can be a one-way ratchet structure, which uses the one-way movement characteristic of the ratchet to lock the relative position between the two nails.

[0039] The one-way ratchet structure includes a ratchet rack disposed on the lower nail body and a pawl disposed on the upper nail body; when the rear end of the upper nail body is subjected to force and approaches the rear end of the lower nail body, the ratchet rack moves downward and the pawl is released; when the movement stops, the pawl abuts against the ratchet rack, preventing the ratchet rack from moving in the opposite direction, thereby playing a locking role.

[0040] The ratchet is located at the rear end of the lower nail body. The ratchet is arc-shaped so that it can engage with the hole in the upper nail body when the upper and lower nail bodies are brought close together, without causing jamming.

[0041] The pawl is disposed in the pawl groove of the upper nail body. An elastic component is disposed in the pawl groove. The pawl cooperates with the elastic component. When the upper nail body approaches the lower nail, the pawl slides along the ratchet teeth. Under the action of the elastic component, the pawl and the ratchet teeth are in close contact. When the movement stops, the pawl causes the upper nail body to retract under the resistance of the ratchet teeth (vertical plane).

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also provides a double-ended nail, which includes a left-side nail and a right-side nail composed of the above-mentioned orthopedic intramedullary nails. The right-side nail is connected to the rear ends of the upper and lower nail bodies of the left-side nail, and the front ends of the right-side nail and the upper and lower nail bodies of the left-side nail are the insertion ends of the double-ended nail.

[0043] The left-side nail comprises an intramedullary nail consisting of an upper nail body and a lower nail body. The right-side nail is essentially the same as the left-side nail, comprising an intramedullary nail consisting of an upper nail body and a lower nail body. When it is necessary to drive the nail into the target, the left-side nail is driven into the intramedullary cavity on the left side from the fracture surface, and the right-side nail is driven into the intramedullary cavity on the right side from the fracture surface. Then the fracture surfaces are joined together, and pressure is applied to the rear ends of the upper and lower nail bodies to bring the rear ends closer together and close or reach a preset position. At this point, the front ends of the upper and lower nail bodies open, abut against the cortical bone, and are fixed.

[0044] In this embodiment, the upper and lower nail bodies close together during insertion, reducing driving resistance. During insertion, the two closed nail bodies can be considered as a single unit; compared to two separate nail bodies, their shape is more regular, allowing for smoother penetration of the target material. After insertion, pressing down on the rear end of the nail body utilizes the bending angle of the rear end to separate the front end. This separation prevents the nail body from loosening or rotating within the target material, achieving a good fixing effect.

[0045] In this embodiment, the nail body is made of magnesium alloy material, and both the upper and lower nail bodies are made of magnesium alloy material; the magnesium alloy nail body is a bio-absorbable metal material device.

[0046] The self-locking screw provided in this embodiment can be used as an absorbable intramedullary nail for the rib, which is made of a biodegradable and absorbable medical magnesium alloy; or as a locking screw or a regular screw.

[0047] The specifications of the locking screws can be set as follows: diameters of 1.5~2.0x6~30; 2.5~3.0x10~55; 3.5x10~80; 4.0x15~75; 4.5~6.5x15~120; each 0.5mm interval within the length range is one specification; the screw size specifications can also be set according to the actual situation.

[0048] The intramedullary nail provided in this embodiment can be used in orthopedic surgery to fix sternal or rib fractures. First, the left nail is driven into the intramedullary cavity. Then, the right nail is driven into the intramedullary cavity from the opposite end of the fracture site, preventing excessive movement of the fracture site. Next, the rear ends of the two intramedullary nails are fixedly connected, forming a single, integrated nail structure on both sides of the fracture site. Finally, external force is applied to the rear ends of the upper and lower nails using a tool to press the control parts together, causing the front ends of the nails to separate. The separated front ends press against the cortical bone of the intramedullary cavity, thus fixing the fracture and preventing misalignment of the fracture ends. Finally, a circumferential osteophyte matching the intramedullary nail is installed at the fracture site for more precise and stable fixation.

[0049] In this embodiment, it can also be used in conjunction with a circumferential osteotomy device. The circumferential osteotomy device is provided with a fixation component that cooperates with the upper and / or lower screw. The circumferential osteotomy device is provided with screw holes, and the upper and / or lower screw is provided with screw holes. During the operation, the upper and / or lower screw is connected to the circumferential osteotomy device by inserting a fixing screw through the two screw holes.

[0050] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail for orthopedics, comprising a nail body, characterized in that: The nail body includes an upper nail body and a lower nail body; a connecting structure is provided between the upper nail body and the lower nail body; the upper nail body and the lower nail body can rotate around the connecting structure, so that the upper nail body and the lower nail body can be closed and separated.

2. The intramedullary nail for orthopedics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper nail body is provided with a front end and a rear end; the front end is the target end for nailing, and the rear end rotates when subjected to force, and the connection between the rear end and the front end forms a preset angle, so that the upper nail body forms a curved nail body.

3. The intramedullary nail for orthopedics as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The connection structure is located at the bend between the front and rear ends.

4. The intramedullary nail for orthopedics as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The lower nail body and the upper nail body are provided with connecting parts corresponding to the bent parts.

5. The intramedullary nail for orthopedics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower nail bodies are equipped with locking structures to fix the position between the two nail bodies as they approach and close together at their rear ends.

6. The intramedullary nail for orthopedics as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The locking structure is located at the rear end of the upper nail body and the lower nail body.

7. As described in claim 5, characterized in that: The locking structure adopts a one-way ratchet structure; the one-way ratchet structure includes a ratchet bar disposed on the lower nail body and a pawl disposed on the upper nail body.

8. As described in claim 7, characterized in that: The ratchet is located at the rear end of the lower nail body and is arc-shaped. The pawl is located in the pawl groove of the upper nail body and has an elastic component inside the pawl groove. The pawl cooperates with the elastic component.

9. The intramedullary nail for orthopedics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper and lower nail bodies are made of titanium alloy and / or magnesium alloy.

10. The intramedullary nail for orthopedics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a circumferential bone graft that mates with the upper and / or lower screw bodies, the circumferential bone graft having screw holes that mate with the upper and / or lower screw bodies.

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