Casting mold

Abstract

The utility model relates to a casting mould which comprises a movable mould and a fixed mould which form a casting cavity together when the movable mould and the fixed mould are oppositely combined, at least part of a part to be formed of a formed product is a convex wall, the convex wall is in the same direction as the demoulding direction of a movable mould core, and the movable mould core is provided with a mould core part for forming the convex wall. The mold core structure is characterized in that the movable mold core is provided with an air exhaust mechanism capable of exhausting air in the casting mold cavity, correspondingly, the movable mold core is provided with an air exhaust channel communicated with fluid of the air exhaust mechanism, and the air exhaust channel is in the same direction with the demolding direction of the movable mold core and is communicated with fluid at the tail end of the mold core part; the casting mold has the advantages that the movable mold core of the casting mold is provided with the air exhaust channel for exhausting air, and the air exhaust channel is in the same direction with the demolding direction of the movable mold core and is communicated with the fluid at the tail end of the mold core part, so that the air exhaust operation can be directly performed on the tail end of the mold core part; and the whole mold core part becomes a gas circulation path so as to avoid gas trapping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of casting technology, and in particular to a casting mold that facilitates the extraction of gas from inside the casting cavity. Background Technology

[0002] The casting cavity is formed by the mating of a moving mold and a fixed mold, serving to inject molten metal into it and allow it to cool and form a corresponding structurally shaped product. Therefore, if excess gas remains in the casting cavity during the casting process, it will occupy the space of the molten metal, causing defects such as porosity, bubbles, and poor filling in the cooled product, severely impacting product quality. Traditional casting molds often place the venting channel, which connects to the casting cavity, on the main parting surface between the moving and fixed molds. A vacuum pump connected to the venting channel generates negative pressure, thereby driving the gas inside the casting cavity to be extracted through the venting channel.

[0003] However, for example Figure 1 The molded article 1' shown and as shown Figures 2-3 The casting cavity 20' shown corresponds to a similar molded article 1'. Molded article 1' still retains gas and exhibits the aforementioned defects. The main reason is... Figure 1 The molded article 1' has a convex wall 11' with a small wall thickness, for example Figure 1 The annular convex wall 11' in the middle is only 5mm thick, which leads to Figure 2 The casting cavity 20' formed by the relative mating of the fixed mold 21' and the moving mold 22' also includes a core portion 31' for forming the aforementioned convex wall 11'. Since the extension direction of the convex wall 11' is not perpendicular to the main parting surface, the core portion 31' is positioned on the first movable core 30' to facilitate subsequent demolding of the molded product 1' via core-pulling operations. However, for the aforementioned casting cavity 20', it is difficult to fully extract the gas from the core portion 31' using conventional casting molds because:

[0004] Firstly, in order to form the convex wall 11', the core portion 31' corresponding to the convex wall 11' needs to have a narrow concave cavity structure closed at one end. The closed end of the core portion 31' is called the closed end 311'. The core portion 31' also includes a connecting end 312' that communicates with the casting cavity 20'. Because the core portion 31' is too narrow and closed at one end, and there is a certain depth between the closed end 311' and the connecting end 312', such as... Figure 2 Since the depth exceeds 20mm, the core 31' can be regarded as a structure similar to a "narrow slit", which obstructs the gas flow path and easily causes gas entrapment during the extraction process, making it impossible to fully extract the gas from the core 31'.

[0005] Secondly, such as Figure 3As shown, the casting cavity 20' of the fixed mold 21' is provided with exhaust channels 201' as disclosed in CN115415503A on both sides of the main parting surface. The exhaust channels 201' are far away from the core 31', for example, more than 400mm, which reduces the evacuation effect. In addition, even if the molded part 1' needs to be machined with side holes or side recesses at the position adjacent to the core 31', so that the casting mold is provided with a second movable core 4' at the corresponding position, the evacuation requirements of the core 31' cannot be met even if the exhaust structure disclosed in CN222115928U is provided on the second movable core 4' adjacent to the core 31' for the specific structure of the core 31'.

[0006] Therefore, further improvements to the existing casting molds are still needed. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a casting mold that can better extract gas, especially for situations where the end gap of the cavity to be extracted is too small or too narrow.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: The casting mold includes a moving mold and a fixed mold. The moving mold can move forward perpendicular to the main parting surface of the fixed mold to be aligned with the fixed mold. When the moving mold and the fixed mold are aligned, they together form a casting cavity for forming the molded article. The part to be formed of the molded article is at least partially a convex wall. Correspondingly, it also includes a movable core. The convex wall is oriented in the demolding direction of the movable core, and the movable core has a core part for forming the convex wall.

[0009] The feature is that: the movable core is provided with a gas extraction mechanism that can extract gas from the casting cavity; correspondingly, the movable core is provided with a gas extraction channel that is fluidly connected to the gas extraction mechanism; the gas extraction channel is oriented in the same direction as the demolding direction of the movable core and is fluidly connected to the end of the core, so that the gas extraction mechanism can directly perform gas extraction operation on the core.

[0010] To prevent molten metal from entering the vacuuming mechanism during gas extraction, the vacuuming channel preferably includes a first sub-channel to prevent molten metal from entering the casting cavity. This first sub-channel extends from the end of the core along the demolding direction of the movable core. Correspondingly, the vacuuming channel also includes a second sub-channel connecting the first sub-channel and the vacuuming mechanism. Extracting gas through the vacuuming channel can prevent defects such as porosity, bubbles, and poor filling in the molded product. However, if measures are not taken to prevent molten metal from entering the vacuuming mechanism, it will enter during extraction, causing blockages, damage, and in severe cases, even leaks, posing significant safety hazards. The first sub-channel can employ a gap structure, a filter structure, or similar methods.

[0011] To prevent molten metal from entering the evacuation mechanism in the first sub-channel, preferably, the movable core is provided with an insert at its end adjacent to the casting cavity. Correspondingly, the movable core includes an insert hole for at least partially accommodating the insert. The insert extends along the demolding direction of the movable core and forms a first section adjacent to the casting cavity and a second section located at the other end relative to the first section. The core portion is formed between the first section and the wall of the insert hole, and an evacuation gap communicating with the second sub-channel is formed between the second section and the wall of the insert hole. The evacuation gap constitutes the first sub-channel. This insert not only forms the core for shaping the convex wall, but also creates a evacuation gap, or first sub-channel, between itself and the hole wall of the insert. This first sub-channel allows for evacuation of the core while preventing molten metal from entering the evacuation mechanism, giving the insert a dual function. The reason why the evacuation gap allows gas to pass through while preventing molten metal from entering is that gas molecules are small and can pass through tiny evacuation gaps, while molten metal requires a larger space to flow. The resistance to flow within the evacuation gap is extremely high, making it impossible for molten metal to enter effectively.

[0012] To enable the evacuation mechanism to extract gas from the casting cavity, preferably, the evacuation mechanism includes a vacuum valve to generate negative pressure for discharging the gas. The second sub-channel extends from the bottom of the insert hole along the demolding direction of the movable core and penetrates the movable core. Correspondingly, the vacuum valve is also provided with a pipe for fluid communication with the end of the second sub-channel. This pipe can be a flexible pipe that moves with the movable core, thereby ensuring that even when the movable core moves towards the casting cavity along the demolding direction, the pipe remains connected to the second sub-channel of the movable core and evacuates the core. This allows for the complete extraction of gas that would otherwise be trapped within the core, while also evacuating surrounding gas.

[0013] To enable the movable core to move along the demolding direction, preferably, a drive mechanism is also included to drive the movable core to move along the demolding direction. The drive mechanism includes a drive source, and correspondingly, the other end of the movable core relative to the core portion forms a connection end for connecting to the power output rod of the drive source. The movable core itself, as part of the casting cavity, is connected to the drive source through the connection end, thereby enabling it to move along the demolding direction. This allows it to be used for core pulling after the molded product is formed, and also allows for air extraction via a vacuum mechanism while moving into the casting cavity, ensuring sufficient removal of gas from the core portion and its surrounding area.

[0014] To enable the drive source to move the movable core along the direction intersecting the main parting surface, i.e., along the demolding direction of the movable core, preferably, the drive source is located on the sidewall where the moving mold and / or fixed mold intersects the main parting surface. The drive mechanism includes a transmission component for connecting the power output rod and the connecting end. Correspondingly, the connecting end has a mating hole for the transmission component to pass through, so as to convert the force along the length direction of the power output rod into a force along the demolding direction of the movable core. This design takes into account that the drive source is usually difficult to install directly aligned with the demolding direction of the movable core, therefore, the aforementioned transmission component is needed to convert the direction of the force output by the drive source.

[0015] To enable the transmission component to change the direction of the force output from the drive source, preferably, the movable core and the drive source are located on the moving mold. Correspondingly, the transmission component is rod-shaped and tilts backward from the power output rod, thus forming an angle with the axis of the power output rod to change the direction of the force. This structure utilizes the principle of force decomposition, decomposing the force into tangential and normal components through the aforementioned angle, thereby changing the direction of the force and allowing the movable core to move along the demolding direction.

[0016] Furthermore, to enable the movable core to connect with the transmission component and the vacuum valve, preferably, the movable core further includes a connecting block located at the connecting end for connecting with the transmission component. The mating hole is provided on the connecting block, and the surface of the movable core adjacent to the connecting block is also provided with a connector communicating with the end of the second sub-channel. Correspondingly, the connecting block is also provided with an opening for the pipe to pass through, thereby connecting the pipe and the connector. The pipe of the vacuum valve can pass through the opening and communicate with the connector, thereby connecting the evacuation channel of the movable core with the vacuum valve, while the movable core is connected to the transmission component via the connecting block.

[0017] To restrict the movement direction of the movable core, preferably, the moving mold is provided with a groove for limiting the movement of the movable core to the demolding direction only. The groove is located on both sides of the connecting block along its width. Correspondingly, the connecting block has at least a partial protrusion facing the groove, forming a protrusion for sliding within the groove. This protrusion, constrained by the groove, limits the movement of the movable core, ensuring it can only move in the demolding direction, thus improving the overall stability and reliability of the mechanism.

[0018] The term "fluid connectivity" as used in this utility model refers to the spatial relationship between two components or parts (hereinafter referred to as the first part and the second part, respectively), that is, a fluid (gas, liquid, or a mixture of both) can flow from the first part along a flow path and / or be transported to the second part. This can be a direct connection between the first part and the second part, or an indirect connection between the first part and the second part through at least one third party. The third party can be a fluid channel such as a pipe, channel, conduit, guide, hole, or groove, or a chamber or combination thereof that allows fluid to flow through.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are as follows: the movable core of the casting mold includes a core part for forming the convex wall, and the movable core is provided with an air extraction channel that is fluidly connected to the air extraction mechanism. The air extraction channel is in the same direction as the demolding direction of the movable core and is fluidly connected to the end of the core part. It can directly perform air extraction operation on the end of the core part, so that the entire core part becomes a path for gas flow to avoid air entrapment. This can better achieve sufficient air extraction from the core part, especially for cases where the end gap of the cavity to be extracted is too small or too narrow, thus avoiding defects such as air holes, bubbles, and poor filling in the cooled molded product, especially the convex wall part. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the molded article in the background art of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a casting mold in the background art of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a casting mold in the background art of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the casting mold in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the casting mold in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 6This is an exploded structural diagram of the movable core and insert in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the movable core, insert, and connector in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the movable core and drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the movable core and drive mechanism in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission component and the connecting block in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the initial state of the movable core in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the final state of the movable core in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0033] like Figures 1-10 The image shown is a preferred embodiment of this utility model. (As shown...) Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the casting mold in this embodiment includes a moving mold 11 and a fixed mold 12. The moving mold 11 can move forward perpendicular to the main parting surface N of the fixed mold 12 until it mates with the fixed mold 12. When the moving mold 11 and the fixed mold 12 mate, they together form a casting cavity 13 for molding the molded article. Taking the molded article 1' mentioned in the background art as an example, the part to be molded in this embodiment is at least partially a ring-shaped convex wall 11'. Correspondingly, the casting mold also includes a movable core 2. The convex wall 11' is oriented in the demolding direction of the movable core 2, and the movable core 2 has a core portion 21 for molding the convex wall 11'. The movable core 2 is equipped with a vacuuming mechanism 3 that can extract gas from the casting cavity 13. Correspondingly, the movable core 2 is equipped with a vacuuming channel 22 that is fluidly connected to the vacuuming mechanism 3. The vacuuming channel 22 is oriented in the same direction as the demolding direction of the movable core 2 and is fluidly connected to the end of the core portion 21, so that the vacuuming mechanism 3 can directly perform a vacuuming operation on the core portion 21. Figure 5As shown, the evacuation channel 22 includes a first sub-channel 221 for preventing molten metal from entering the casting cavity 13. This first sub-channel 221 extends from the end of the core portion 21 along the demolding direction of the movable core 2. Correspondingly, the evacuation channel 22 also includes a second sub-channel 222 for connecting the first sub-channel 221 and the evacuation mechanism 3. Using the evacuation channel 22 to extract gas can prevent defects such as porosity, bubbles, and poor filling in the molded product. However, if measures are not taken to prevent molten metal from entering the evacuation mechanism 3, molten metal will enter the evacuation mechanism 3 during the evacuation process, causing blockages, damage, and in severe cases, even leakage, posing a significant safety hazard. Therefore, as... Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the movable core 2 is provided with an insert 23 at its end adjacent to the casting cavity 13. Correspondingly, the movable core 2 includes an insert hole 24 for at least partially accommodating the insert 23. The insert 23 extends along the demolding direction of the movable core 2 to form a first section 231 adjacent to the casting cavity 13 and a second section 232 located at the other end relative to the first section 231. A core section 21 is formed between the first section 231 and the wall of the insert hole 24, and an air extraction gap G communicating with the second sub-channel 222 is formed between the second section 232 and the wall of the insert hole 24. This air extraction gap G constitutes the first sub-channel 221. The insert 23 not only forms the core 21 for shaping the protrusion 11', but also forms a suction gap G, i.e., a first sub-channel 221, between itself and the hole wall of the insert hole 24. This first sub-channel 221 allows for suction of the core 21 while preventing molten metal from entering the suction mechanism 3. Therefore, the insert 23 effectively serves a dual purpose. The reason the suction gap G allows gas to pass through while preventing molten metal from entering is that gas molecules are small and can pass through the tiny suction gap G, while molten metal requires a larger space. The resistance to flow within the suction gap G is extremely high, preventing effective entry.

[0034] In addition, the structure of the evacuation mechanism 3 and the drive mechanism 4 for moving the movable core 2 also needs to be considered. First, the evacuation mechanism 3 includes a vacuum valve 31 to generate negative pressure for discharging the aforementioned gas. A second sub-channel 222 extends from the bottom of the insert hole 24 along the demolding direction of the movable core 2 and penetrates the movable core 2. Correspondingly, the vacuum valve 31 is also provided with a pipe 32 for fluid communication with the end of the second sub-channel 222. This pipe 32 can be a flexible pipe 32 to move with the movable core 2, thereby ensuring that when the movable core 2 moves towards the casting cavity 13 along the demolding direction, the pipe 32 remains connected to the second sub-channel 222 of the movable core 2 and evacuates the core portion 21, thus fully extracting the gas that would otherwise be trapped inside the core portion 21 while also evacuating the surrounding gas. Secondly, regarding the drive mechanism 4, as... Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the drive mechanism 4 is used to drive the movable core 2 to move along the demolding direction, and therefore includes a drive source 41. Correspondingly, the other end of the movable core 2 relative to the core portion 21 forms a connecting end 25 for connecting to the power output rod 42 of the drive source 41. The movable core 2 itself is part of the casting cavity 13. It is connected to the drive source 41 through the connecting end 25, thereby realizing movement along the demolding direction. On the one hand, it can be used for core pulling after the molded product is formed. On the other hand, it can be used for evacuation by the evacuation mechanism 3 while moving towards the casting cavity 13, so that the gas at the position and around the core portion 21 is fully extracted. In this embodiment, the movable core 2 is set on the moving mold 11, and the drive source 41 is located on the side wall where the moving mold 11 intersects with the main parting surface N. The drive mechanism 4 includes a transmission member 43 for connecting the power output rod 42 and the connecting end 25. Correspondingly, the connecting end 25 is provided with a mating hole 26 for the transmission member 43 to pass through, so as to convert the force along the length direction of the power output rod 42 into the force along the demolding direction of the movable core 2. This design takes into account that the drive source 41 is usually difficult to align directly with the demolding direction of the movable core 2 for installation, therefore, the aforementioned transmission component 43 is required to convert the direction of the force output by the drive source 41. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the transmission component 43 is rod-shaped, and the automatic force output rod 42 is tilted backward, thus forming an angle α between it and the axis of the power output rod 42 to change the direction of the force. This structure utilizes the principle of force decomposition, decomposing the force into tangential and normal parts through the aforementioned angle α, thereby changing the direction of the force and allowing the movable core 2 to move along the demolding direction. The movable core 2 also includes a connecting block 27 located at the connecting end 25 for connecting the transmission component 43. A mating hole 26 is provided on the connecting block 27. The surface of the movable core 2 adjacent to the connecting block 27 is also provided with a connector 28 communicating with the end of the second sub-channel 222. Correspondingly, the connecting block 27 is also provided with an opening for the pipe 32 to pass through, thereby connecting the pipe 32 and the connector 28. Finally, the moving mold 11 is also provided with a slide groove 111 to restrict the movable core 2 to move only in the demolding direction. The slide groove 111 is located on both sides of the connecting block 27 along the width direction. Correspondingly, the connecting block 27 has at least a partial protrusion in the direction facing the slide groove 111 to form a protrusion 272 for sliding within the slide groove 111. The protrusion 272 is constrained by the slide groove 111, which plays a limiting role in the movable core 2, so that the movable core 2 can only move in the demolding direction, thereby improving the overall stability and reliability of the mechanism.

[0035] The specific working process of the movable core 2 in this embodiment is as follows:

[0036] like Figure 11 As shown, the movable core 2 is in its initial state at this time and has not yet moved toward the casting cavity 13; as Figure 12As shown, the transmission component 43 then moves forward under the action of the drive source 41. The transmission component 43 cooperates with the connecting block 27 to drive the movable core 2 to move towards the casting cavity 13 along the demolding direction. At the same time, the vacuum valve 31 uses the air extraction channel 22 of the movable core 2 to discharge the gas from the core part 21 and its surroundings, so that the core part finally reaches the preset position in the casting cavity 13 for molding. After the molded product is formed, the movable core 2 can also be extracted under the action of the drive source 41 to facilitate the removal of the molded product.

[0037] In summary, the movable core 2 of the casting mold includes a core portion 21 for forming the convex wall 11'. The movable core 2 is provided with an air extraction channel 22 that is fluidly connected to the air extraction mechanism 3. The air extraction channel 22 is oriented in the demolding direction of the movable core 2 and is fluidly connected to the end of the core portion 21. It can directly perform air extraction operation on the end of the core portion 21, making the entire core portion 21 a path for gas flow to avoid air entrapment. This allows for better and more thorough air extraction of the core portion 21, especially in cases where the end gap of the cavity to be extracted is too small or too narrow. This prevents the formed molded product after cooling, especially the convex wall 11', from forming defects such as pores, bubbles, and poor filling.

Claims

1. A casting mold, comprising a movable mold (11) and a fixed mold (12), wherein the movable mold (11) is movable forward perpendicular to the main parting surface (N) of the fixed mold (12) to engage with the fixed mold (12), wherein when the movable mold (11) and the fixed mold (12) engage, a casting cavity (13) for forming a molded article is formed, wherein the part to be formed of the molded article is at least partially a convex wall (11'), and correspondingly, a movable core (2) is further comprising a convex wall (11') oriented in the demolding direction of the movable core (2), and the movable core (2) having a core portion (21) for forming the convex wall (11'); Its features are: The movable core (2) is provided with a suction mechanism (3) that can extract gas from the casting cavity (13). Correspondingly, the movable core (2) is provided with a suction channel (22) that is fluidly connected to the suction mechanism (3). The suction channel (22) is oriented in the demolding direction of the movable core (2) and is fluidly connected to the end of the core part (21), so that the suction mechanism (3) can directly perform suction operation on the core part (21).

2. The casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evacuation channel (22) includes a first sub-channel (221) for preventing molten metal from entering the casting cavity (13). The first sub-channel (221) extends from the end of the core portion (21) along the demolding direction of the movable core (2). Correspondingly, the evacuation channel (22) also includes a second sub-channel (222) for connecting the first sub-channel (221) and the evacuation mechanism (3).

3. The casting mold according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable core (2) is provided with an insert (23) at the end adjacent to the casting cavity (13). Correspondingly, the movable core (2) includes an insert hole (24) for at least partially accommodating the insert (23). The insert (23) extends along the demolding direction of the movable core (2) and forms a first section (231) adjacent to the casting cavity (13) and a second section (232) located at the other end relative to the first section (231). The core portion (21) is formed between the first section (231) and the hole wall of the insert hole (24). An air extraction gap (G) communicating with the second sub-channel (222) is formed between the second section (232) and the hole wall of the insert hole (24). The air extraction gap (G) constitutes the first sub-channel (221).

4. The casting mold according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vacuum mechanism (3) includes a vacuum valve (31) to generate negative pressure for discharging the gas. The second sub-channel (222) extends from the bottom of the insert hole (24) along the demolding direction of the movable core (2) and passes through the movable core (2). Correspondingly, the vacuum valve (31) is also provided with a pipe (32) for fluid communication with the end of the second sub-channel (222).

5. The casting mold according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a drive mechanism (4) for driving the movable core (2) to move in the demolding direction. The drive mechanism (4) includes a drive source (41). Correspondingly, the other end of the movable core (2) relative to the core portion (21) forms a connection end (25) for connecting to the power output rod (42) of the drive source (41).

6. The casting mold according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive source (41) is located on the side wall where the moving mold (11) and / or the fixed mold (12) intersect with the main parting surface (N). The drive mechanism (4) includes a transmission member (43) for connecting the power output rod (42) and the connecting end (25). Correspondingly, the connecting end (25) is provided with a mating hole (26) through which the transmission member (43) passes, so as to convert the force along the length direction of the power output rod (42) into the force along the demolding direction of the movable core (2).

7. The casting mold according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable core (2) and the drive source (41) are located on the moving mold (11). Correspondingly, the transmission member (43) is rod-shaped and tilts backward from the power output rod (42), thereby forming an angle (α) with the axis of the power output rod (42) to change the direction of the force.

8. The casting mold according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable core (2) also includes a connecting block (27) located at the connecting end (25) and used to connect the transmission member (43). The mating hole (26) is provided on the connecting block (27). The surface of the movable core (2) adjacent to the connecting block (27) is also provided with a connector (28) communicating with the end of the second sub-channel (222). Correspondingly, the connecting block (27) is also provided with an opening (271) for the pipe (32) to pass through, so that the pipe (32) and the connector (28) are connected.

9. The casting mold according to claim 8, characterized in that: The moving mold (11) is provided with a groove (111) for restricting the movable core (2) to move only in the demolding direction. The groove (111) is located on both sides of the connecting block (27) in the width direction. Correspondingly, the connecting block (27) has at least a partial protrusion in the direction of the groove (111) to form a protrusion (272) for sliding in the groove (111).

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