Device for stabilizing vacuum degree of condenser

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for stabilizing the vacuum degree of a condenser, which belongs to the technical field of lead-zinc smelting waste heat power generation and comprises a condenser body, a drain water inlet pipe, a positive pressure drain pipe of a low-pressure side steam turbine and a drain flash tank. Positive-pressure steam in high-temperature positive-pressure drain water on the low-pressure side of the generator is utilized to separate condensed drain water after passing through the drain water flash tank, so that the positive-pressure steam upwards impacts steam in a steam easily-detained area in the condenser, the steam in a detained space in the condenser is driven to transversely flow, the steam condensation rate is increased, and condenser vacuum formation is accelerated; the vacuum degree fluctuation caused by steam retention is solved while the vacuum degree of the condenser is improved, so that the vacuum degree of the condenser is stable, and the steam utilization efficiency and the generating capacity are improved; the separated drain water is recycled to a hot well of the condenser and is reused as boiler water, so that the steam energy efficiency is fully utilized, and the steam waste is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of waste heat power generation technology in lead-zinc smelting, specifically, it relates to a device for stabilizing the vacuum level of a condenser. Background Technology

[0002] A condenser is a heat exchange device that converts the steam discharged from a steam turbine into condensate. After the steam completes an expansion and work process within the turbine, its volume shrinks dramatically during condensation in the condenser. This creates a high vacuum in the previously steam-filled space, increasing the usable enthalpy drop of the steam within the turbine and improving the cycle's thermal efficiency. The condensate is collected in the condenser's hot well and, powered by a condensate pump, is then transported to the boiler via heaters and feedwater pumps, ensuring the continuous operation of the entire thermodynamic cycle. However, due to the condenser's structure, steam entering the condenser creates stagnant spaces on both sides of the condenser throat. The steam in these stagnant spaces is difficult to cool, resulting in significant vacuum fluctuations in the condenser (-26 kPa to -40 kPa, a range of 14 kPa) as the turbine load increases or decreases. This is detrimental to the stable operation of the generator and affects power generation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the problems existing in the background technology, this utility model provides a device for stabilizing the vacuum of a condenser, which can drive the steam in the stagnation space inside the condenser to flow laterally, help the steam condense into water and enter the hot water well of the condenser, thereby improving the vacuum of the condenser and stabilizing the vacuum of the condenser.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0005] The device for stabilizing the vacuum of the condenser includes a condenser body, a condensate inlet pipe, and a condensate expansion vessel; the condensate inlet pipe is connected between the steam supply end and the high-temperature steam side of the condenser; the condensate expansion vessel is connected to the condensate inlet pipe; the condensate drain pipe of the condensate expansion vessel is connected to a hot water well; the steam pressure at the steam supply end is greater than the high-temperature steam side steam pressure of the condenser.

[0006] As a limitation, the steam supply end is the positive pressure drain pipe of the low-pressure side steam turbine.

[0007] As a limited system, the high-temperature steam sides of the condensers on both the left and right sides are respectively connected to condensate inlet pipes.

[0008] As a limitation, the high-temperature steam side of the condenser is located on both sides of the steam region at the junction of the condenser throat and the condenser body above the condenser body.

[0009] As a limitation, the hot water well is equipped with a cold condensate pump for draining condensate.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0011] This invention introduces a condensate inlet pipe to the high-temperature steam side of the condenser from the steam supply end. The steam in the condensate inlet pipe impacts the steam retention area, causing the steam in the retention space of the condenser to flow laterally. This effectively prevents steam from stagnating in the condenser, improves the condenser vacuum, and solves the vacuum fluctuation caused by steam retention. This stabilizes the condenser vacuum, improves steam utilization efficiency, and increases power generation.

[0012] This invention uses low-pressure side condensate as the steam source for introducing steam into the steam retention zone. Utilizing the high temperature of the low-pressure side condensate and the positive pressure steam generated, the positive pressure steam in the condensate, due to the negative pressure environment inside the condenser, flows upwards through the condensate expansion tank into the high-temperature steam-side regions on both sides of the condenser. This solves the problem of steam retention in the condenser without consuming additional steam. After cooling in the condenser, the steam forms condensate which enters the hot water well. Similarly, all the condensate in the condensate expansion tank flows into the hot water well and is pumped into the deaerator for boiler use. This allows for comprehensive condensate recovery while reducing steam waste and improving steam utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the condenser in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stable condenser vacuum device in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0015] In the attached diagram, 1-Drainage inlet pipe, 2-Drainage expansion tank, 3-Condenser throat pipe, 4-Drainage outlet pipe, 5-Condenser body, 6-Steam side steam retention space, 7-Low-pressure side turbine positive pressure drain, 8-Condensate, 9-Circulating water inlet pipe, 10-Circulating water outlet pipe, 11-Hot water well, 12-Condensate pump, 13-Cooling water pipe bundle, 14-Low-pressure steam. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the preferred embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0017] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, the terms "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or state relationship based on the orientation or state relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0018] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "equipped with" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the device for stabilizing the vacuum of the condenser includes the condenser body 5, the drain inlet pipe 1, the low-pressure side turbine positive pressure drain pipe 7, and the drain expansion tank 2.

[0020] The condensate inlet pipe 1 is connected between the positive pressure condensate pipe 7 of the low-pressure side turbine and the high-temperature steam side 6 of the condenser. It introduces the steam in the positive pressure condensate pipe 7 of the low-pressure side turbine into the high-temperature steam side 6 of the condenser. The steam in the positive pressure condensate pipe 7 of the low-pressure side turbine impacts the stagnant steam in the high-temperature steam side regions of the condenser, causing the stagnant steam in the high-temperature steam side regions of the condenser to flow laterally, thus solving the steam stagnation problem and accelerating steam condensation.

[0021] As a preferred option, a condensate expansion container 2 is provided on the condensate inlet pipe 1. The condensate expansion container 2 removes the condensate from the steam carried by the positive pressure condensate pipe 7 of the steam turbine, allowing the positive pressure steam to flow upward, while the condensate flows into the hot water well along the condensate drain pipe 4 and is sent to the deaerator for boiler use via the condensate pump 12.

[0022] The high-temperature steam side 6 of the condenser is located on both sides of the high-temperature steam region at the junction of the condenser throat 3 and the condenser body. Extensive testing by the inventors has verified that steam mainly stagnates in this region, making it difficult to condense and affecting the negative vacuum level and steam flow velocity. Especially when the turbine load increases or decreases, the stagnation of steam causes fluctuations in the condenser vacuum level, affecting stable equipment operation, reducing power generation, and increasing steam consumption. Before using this invention, the vacuum level in the condenser fluctuated widely with the load, ranging from -26 kPa to -40 kPa, a variation of 14 kPa. After the invention was implemented, under the same conditions, the vacuum level in the condenser stabilized at -41 kPa to -45 kPa, a variation of 5 kPa. Compared to before using this device, the vacuum level increased by approximately 5 kPa, which is more conducive to the safe and stable operation of the turbine unit, while also increasing power generation and reducing steam consumption. Drainage inlet pipes 1 are connected to the high-temperature steam side of the condenser on both the left and right sides.

[0023] The condensate drain pipe 4 of the condensate expansion container 2 is connected to the hot water well 11, and the condensate is discharged to the hot water well 11 through the condensate drain pipe 4 and then transported away by the condensate pump 12.

[0024] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for stabilizing the vacuum level of a condenser, characterized in that, It includes a condenser body (5), a condensate inlet pipe (1), and a condensate expansion container (2); the condensate inlet pipe (1) is connected between the steam supply end and the high-temperature steam side (6) of the condenser; the condensate expansion container is connected to the condensate inlet pipe (1); the condensate drain pipe (4) of the condensate expansion container is connected to the hot water well (11); the steam pressure at the steam supply end is greater than the high-temperature steam side steam pressure of the condenser.

2. The apparatus for stabilizing condenser vacuum according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam supply end is the positive pressure drain pipe (7) of the low-pressure side steam turbine.

3. The apparatus for stabilizing condenser vacuum according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature steam side (6) of the condenser on the left and right sides is connected to a drain inlet pipe (1).

4. The apparatus for stabilizing condenser vacuum according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The high-temperature steam side (6) of the condenser is located on both sides of the steam region at the junction of the condenser throat (3) and the condenser body (5) above the condenser body (5).

5. The apparatus for stabilizing condenser vacuum according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The hot water well (11) is equipped with a cold water pump (12) for draining condensate.

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