Tunnel vault vertical cavity collapse mud and accumulation body disposal device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel geological disaster disposal, and discloses a tunnel vault vertical collapse cavity gushing mud and accumulation body disposal device which comprises a backfill layer, a concrete layer, a buffer layer, an advance support and a primary support. The backfill layer is arranged on collapse mud, mechanical walking is facilitated, and the upper half section collapse body is subjected to backfill and back pressure by adopting bagged soil and stones and extends to a collapse cavity opening; a concrete layer and a buffer layer are sequentially arranged between the backfill layer and the collapse cavity from bottom to top; the forepoling is arranged in the backfill layer in the collapse cavity; and the primary support is arranged at the lower part of the backfill layer in the collapse cavity and is connected with the primary support at the non-collapse position in the tunnel. The collapse cavity is primarily blocked through the backfill layer, the concrete layer and the buffer layer are arranged between the backfill layer and the collapse cavity, the buffer layer can reduce the impact force generated when block stones fall and hit the concrete layer, and the concrete layer is protected. And meanwhile, the accumulation body is subjected to advance support by adopting a large pipe shed of root pipe drilling, so that the loose accumulation body can be effectively treated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tunnel geological disaster treatment technology, and in particular relates to a device for dealing with vertical collapse cavity mud inflow and accumulation in tunnel arch. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical collapse and mudslide in tunnel arches are characterized by their short occurrence time, rapid flow rate, large volume of mud, and high safety risks. If not effectively managed during tunnel construction, they can severely impact project construction and even subsequent operational safety. Currently, there are limited and ineffective methods for managing vertical collapses in tunnels.

[0003] Traditionally, concrete sealing is commonly used to deal with vertical cavities in the tunnel arch. However, this method has the following problems: ① Concrete sealing technology achieves the effect of sealing the cavity opening by pumping concrete. This method is suitable for small-section cavities, but not effective for large-section cavities; ② Concrete is a rigid structure. After the sealing is completed, if rocks fall into the cavity and hit the concrete later, the concrete is prone to cracking or even damage.

[0004] To address the challenges of dealing with vertical collapses and mud inrushes in tunnel arches, there is an urgent need for a device suitable for large-section collapses and effective handling of vertical collapses and mud inrushes in tunnel arches, in order to solve the problems existing in current technologies. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for handling mud inrush and accumulation in vertical tunnel arch collapses that is suitable for large-section collapses and has good treatment effects. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A device for handling vertical collapse and mud inrush in tunnel arches and the resulting accumulation, comprising a backfill layer, a concrete layer, a buffer layer, advanced support, and initial support;

[0007] The backfill layer is placed on the gushing mud inside the tunnel below the collapsed cavity;

[0008] A concrete layer and a buffer layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top between the backfill layer and the collapsed cavity to fill and seal the gap formed at the tunnel arch between the backfill layer and the collapsed cavity.

[0009] The initial support is set below the backfill layer in the collapsed cavity and connected to the initial support in the uncollapsed part of the tunnel; the advanced support is located above the initial support and one end of the advanced support is connected to the initial support.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a pump pipe and / or a sand blowing pipe, one end of which is located inside the tunnel and connected to a delivery pump, and the other end is located inside the cavity of the collapsed cavity, for conveying concrete between the backfill layer and the collapsed cavity to form a concrete layer and conveying fine sand to form a buffer layer.

[0011] Preferably, the height at which the pump pipe and / or sand blowing pipe enters the collapsed cavity is not less than 3 meters.

[0012] Preferably, the advanced support includes multiple sets of large pipe sheds that are inclined and inserted into the stacked body.

[0013] Preferably, the large pipe shed has a hollow structure, and the hollow part is filled with M30 cement mortar.

[0014] Preferably, sandbags are provided between the backfill layer and the initial support of the uncollapsed section inside the tunnel.

[0015] Preferably, the initial support includes multiple first-type steel arches arranged along the tunnel length direction, with a steel mesh between adjacent first-type steel arches; a concrete layer is provided on the steel mesh.

[0016] The initial support for the uncollapsed section includes multiple second-type steel arches arranged along the tunnel length, with a steel mesh between adjacent second-type steel arches; a concrete layer is provided on the steel mesh.

[0017] The first type of steel arch frame is connected to the second type of steel arch frame.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes an inclined grouting steel pipe, one end of which is inserted obliquely into the slag in the collapsed cavity, and the other end is inserted into the concrete layer in the initial support.

[0019] Preferably, the length of the inclined grouting steel pipe is 4.5m, and it is arranged at a spacing of 80×80, with an external insertion angle of 60°.

[0020] Preferably, a secondary lining is further processed below the initial support and the initial support in the non-collapsed area, an inverted arch is provided below the road surface in the tunnel, and steps are provided on the backfill layer in the tunnel.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0022] A device for handling vertical collapse cavities and mud inflows in tunnel arches includes a backfill layer, a concrete layer, a buffer layer, pre-support, and initial support. The backfill layer is placed on the mud inflow within the tunnel below the collapse cavity to seal the cavity over a large area and prevent small materials from falling into it. A concrete layer and a buffer layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top between the backfill layer and the collapse cavity to fill and seal the gap between them. The pre-support is placed within the backfill layer located inside the collapse cavity. The initial support is placed below the backfill layer inside the collapse cavity and connects to the initial support at the uncollapsed section of the tunnel. This invention uses the backfill layer to initially seal the collapse cavity, and the concrete and buffer layers between the backfill layer and the collapse cavity reduce the impact force of falling rocks on the concrete layer, protecting it. Simultaneously, a large-diameter pipe roof with root-hole drilling is used for pre-support of the mud accumulation, effectively handling loose debris.

[0023] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for handling mud and debris from the vertical collapse cavity of the tunnel arch in the embodiment.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Backfill layer, 2. Concrete layer, 3. Buffer layer, 4. Advanced support, 4.1. Large pipe shed, 5. Initial support, 6. Initial support in the uncollapsed area, 7. Pump pipe, 8. Sandbag, 9. Inclined grouting steel pipe, 10. Secondary lining, 11. Collapse cavity, 12. Tunnel, 13. Accumulation body. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0027] Example:

[0028] refer to Figure 1 A device for handling mud inflow and accumulation in a vertical collapse cavity of a tunnel arch includes a backfill layer 1, a concrete layer 2, a buffer layer 3, an advance support 4, and an initial support 5. The backfill layer 1 is placed on the mud inflow inside the tunnel 12 below the collapse cavity 11. The concrete layer 2 and the buffer layer 3 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top between the backfill layer 1 above the tunnel arch and the sidewall of the collapse cavity 11 to fill and seal the gap formed between the backfill layer 1 and the collapse cavity 11 at the tunnel arch. The initial support 5 is placed at the lower part of the backfill layer 1 inside the collapse cavity 11 and is connected to the initial support 6 at the uncollapsed part inside the tunnel 12. The advance support 4 is located above the initial support 5 and one end of the advance support is connected to the initial support 5.

[0029] In this embodiment, the collapsed cavity is initially sealed by the backfill layer, and a concrete layer and a buffer layer are set between the backfill layer and the collapsed cavity. In particular, the backfill layer adopts the large pipe shed of root canal drilling for advanced support, which can be effectively used for sealing and fixing large-area collapsed cavities. The buffer layer can reduce the impact force of falling stones hitting the concrete layer and protect the concrete layer.

[0030] The tunnel arch vertical collapse cavity mud inrush and accumulation disposal device of this embodiment also includes a pump pipe 7 and / or a sand blowing pipe. One end of the pump pipe 7 and / or the sand blowing pipe is installed inside the tunnel 12 and connected to a delivery pump, and the other end is installed inside the cavity of the collapse cavity 11. It is used to deliver concrete to the backfill layer 1 and the collapse cavity 11 to form a concrete layer 2 and to deliver fine sand to form a buffer layer 3. The pump pipe and the sand blowing pipe can be the same pipe or two pipes can be installed simultaneously. The height of the pump pipe 7 and / or the sand blowing pipe entering the collapse cavity 11 is not less than 3 meters to ensure that the concrete layer and the buffer layer can be processed to the required thickness.

[0031] The advanced support 4 includes multiple sets of large pipe sheds 4.1 inclinedly inserted into the accumulator 13. Each large pipe shed 4.1 is a hollow structure, with M30 cement mortar filling the hollow areas. The use of internally grouted large pipe sheds to form the advanced support ensures the strength of the soil within the collapsed cavity during the initial support phase of construction, preventing further damage. The specifications of the large pipe sheds are Φ108×6mm, with a minimum length of 9 meters per cycle, preferably 15 meters, and a circumferential spacing of 40cm.

[0032] Sandbags 8 are provided between the backfill layer 1 and the initial support 6 of the uncollapsed area in the tunnel 12 for further sealing the gaps.

[0033] The initial support 5 includes multiple first-type steel arches arranged along the tunnel length direction, with a steel mesh between adjacent first-type steel arches; a concrete layer is provided on the steel mesh; the initial support 6 in the non-collapsed area includes multiple second-type steel arches arranged along the tunnel length direction, with a steel mesh between adjacent second-type steel arches; a concrete layer is provided on the steel mesh; the first-type steel arches are connected to the second-type steel arches.

[0034] It also includes an inclined grouting steel pipe 9, one end of which is inserted obliquely into the slag in the collapsed cavity 11, and the other end is inserted into the concrete layer in the initial support 5.

[0035] The inclined grouting steel pipe 9 is 4.5m long and is arranged at a spacing of 80×80, with an external insertion angle of 60°.

[0036] A secondary lining 10 is also processed below the initial support 5 and the initial support 6 in the uncollapsed area. An inverted arch is provided below the road surface in the tunnel 12, and steps are also provided on the backfill layer 1 in the tunnel 12.

[0037] The construction method of the tunnel arch vertical collapse cavity mud inrush and accumulation disposal device in this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] 1. After the mud gushing from the vertical collapse cavity inside the tunnel arch is cleared, the slag is backfilled and pressed back onto the entrance of the karst cave to form a backfill layer structure, preventing small materials from falling into the collapse cavity;

[0039] 2. Install concrete pump pipes and sand blowing pipes into the collapsed cavity, with the pump pipes entering the collapsed cavity at a height of not less than 3 meters;

[0040] 3. Seal the gaps between the backfill layer and the initial support in the uncollapsed areas with sandbags;

[0041] 4. Use a pump to pump C20 concrete to form a concrete layer, backfill the gap between the collapsed cavity and the backfill layer, and seal the collapsed cavity opening;

[0042] 5. A conveying pump is used to transport fine sand to the concrete layer inside the collapsed cavity to form a buffer layer. This provides a buffer to prevent stones from falling into the cavity and hitting the concrete layer later, reducing the impact force of the stones and ensuring the safety of the concrete layer.

[0043] 6. After the collapse cavity is treated, Φ108×6mm large pipe sheds are used for advance support. The length can be adjusted appropriately according to the drilling conditions on site. The shortest length is not less than 9m. The circumferential spacing of the large pipe sheds is 40cm. The number of circumferential sheds is set according to the principle that all unsafe areas of the collapse cavity are set. The large pipe sheds adopt the root pipe drilling process. M30 cement mortar is used for grouting inside the large pipe sheds.

[0044] 7. After the large pipe shed construction is completed, the collapsed body is removed piece by piece using the short step reserved core soil method. Then, the first type of steel arch frame is erected and connected to the second type of steel arch frame of the initial support of the undamaged and uncollapsed area. Reinforcing mesh is set up, and 30cm thick C20 concrete is sprayed to form the initial support. The initial support of the collapsed body area is reinforced with φ42×4mm inclined grouting steel pipes, with a length of 4.5m, a spacing of 80×80 (longitudinal×circular), and an external insertion angle of 60°. The grouting of the inclined grouting steel pipes uses 1:1 cement grout. In order to control the amount of grout loss, the grouting is done intermittently with alternate holes, and the grouting pressure is 0.8~1.0MPa.

[0045] 8. Excavate the backfill layer in stages inside the tunnel, and set up an invert arch under the tunnel surface as needed. After each treatment is completed to the length of one section of secondary lining, construct the secondary lining in a timely manner.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for handling mud inrush and accumulation in a vertical collapse cavity of a tunnel arch, characterized in that, It includes backfill layer (1), concrete layer (2), buffer layer (3), advanced support (4) and initial support (5); The backfill layer (1) is placed on the mud in the tunnel (12) below the collapsed cavity (11); A concrete layer (2) and a buffer layer (3) are arranged sequentially from bottom to top between the backfill layer (1) located above the tunnel arch and the sidewall of the collapsed cavity (11) to fill and seal the gap formed at the tunnel arch between the backfill layer (1) and the collapsed cavity (11). The initial support (5) is placed below the backfill layer (1) in the collapse cavity (11) and connected to the initial support (6) in the uncollapsed part of the tunnel (12); the advanced support (4) is located above the initial support (5) and one end of the advanced support is connected to the initial support (5).

2. The device for handling vertical collapse and mud inrush in a tunnel arch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pump pipe (7) and / or a sand blowing pipe, one end of which is located inside the tunnel (12) and connected to the delivery pump, and the other end is located inside the cavity of the collapse cavity (11) for conveying concrete between the backfill layer (1) and the collapse cavity (11) to form a concrete layer (2) and conveying fine sand to form a buffer layer (3).

3. The device for handling vertical collapse and mud inrush in tunnel arches and accumulated material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height at which the pump pipe (7) and / or sand blowing pipe enter the collapsed cavity (11) shall not be less than 3 meters.

4. The device for handling vertical collapse and mud inrush in a tunnel arch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The advanced support (4) includes multiple sets of large pipe sheds (4.1) with inclined insertion into the stack (13).

5. The device for handling vertical collapse and mud inrush in a tunnel arch as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The large pipe shed (4.1) is a hollow structure, and the hollow part is filled with M30 cement mortar.

6. The device for handling vertical collapse and mud inrush in a tunnel arch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Sandbags (8) are provided between the backfill layer (1) and the initial support (6) of the uncollapsed area in the tunnel (12).

7. The device for handling vertical collapse and mud inrush in a tunnel arch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The initial support (5) includes multiple first-type steel arches arranged along the tunnel length direction, with a steel mesh between adjacent first-type steel arches; a concrete layer is provided on the steel mesh. The initial support (6) at the non-collapsed section includes multiple second-type steel arches arranged along the tunnel length, with a steel mesh between adjacent second-type steel arches; a concrete layer is provided on the steel mesh; The first type of steel arch frame is connected to the second type of steel arch frame.

8. The device for handling vertical collapse and mud inrush in a tunnel arch as described in claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an inclined grouting steel pipe (9), one end of which is inserted obliquely into the slag in the collapsed cavity (11), and the other end is inserted into the concrete layer in the initial support (5).

9. A device for handling vertical collapse and mud inrush at the tunnel arch as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The length of the inclined grouting steel pipe (9) is 4.5m, and it is arranged at a spacing of 80×80 with an external insertion angle of 60°.

10. A device for handling vertical collapse and mud inrush in a tunnel arch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The initial support (5) and the initial support (6) in the uncollapsed area are further reinforced with secondary lining (10), and an inverted arch is provided under the road surface in the tunnel (12). Steps are also provided on the backfill layer (1) in the tunnel (12).

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