Combined supporting structure based on soft rock tunneling

Abstract

The utility model discloses a combined supporting structure based on soft rock tunneling, and relates to the technical field of soft rock tunneling. The device comprises a plurality of limiting plates, the limiting plates are horizontally arranged below a soft rock stratum in an array mode, a convex plate is fixedly arranged on one side of each limiting plate, a concave plate is fixedly arranged on the other side of each limiting plate, the convex plate of one limiting plate is located above the concave plate of the adjacent limiting plate, and the convex plate is connected with the corresponding concave plate through a threaded positioning rod. A lifting supporting assembly is installed above each limiting plate and comprises a lifting plate. The needed limiting plates and the lifting supporting assemblies above the limiting plates are sequentially placed below the soft rock stratum, the limiting plates are fixed to the corresponding areas, the larger the area of the soft rock stratum needing to be supported is, the larger the number of the placed limiting plates is, and the size of the needed supporting structure can be judged according to the actual situation through the detachable supporting structure; the supporting structure is suitable for different areas, and the applicability of the supporting structure is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of soft rock tunneling technology, and in particular relates to a combined support structure for soft rock tunneling. Background Technology

[0002] Soft rock is a complex rock mechanics medium with significant plastic deformation under specific environments. Based on the differences in soft rock properties and the mechanism of significant plastic deformation, tunneling is the work of excavating wells, tunnels, and chambers of various shapes, cross-sections, or crisscrossing structures in rock or mineral strata. During soft rock tunneling, we need to use support structures to support the soft rock strata.

[0003] A search revealed that patent CN215520919U discloses a reinforced underground support component for a coal mine soft rock strata tunneling face. This patent uses a support mechanism where a first transmission gear ring drives a transmission belt to rotate, a transmission gear drives a second transmission gear ring to rotate, two transmission screws drive in the same direction, and a first sleeve concave block causes the cross sleeve rod to drive the concave moving block upward, so that the supporting top plate can play a supporting role against the pressure.

[0004] The aforementioned patent effectively improves the stability of lateral support. However, the terrain of soft rock layers is complex, and the area size of each location is uncertain. This support structure can only be adjusted in the vertical direction, and its own support range cannot be adjusted. It cannot adapt to the support of areas of different sizes, and the applicability of the support structure is low. Therefore, we provide a combined support structure for soft rock tunneling to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a combined support structure for soft rock tunneling. By placing the required limiting plates and the upper lifting support components in sequence below the soft rock layer, with the convex plates at adjacent positions below the corresponding concave plates, and screwing in the threaded positioning rods, the limiting plates are fixed in the corresponding areas. The larger the area of ​​the soft rock layer that needs to be supported, the more limiting plates are placed. The detachable support structure allows the size of the required support structure to be determined according to the actual situation, making the support structure suitable for different areas, thereby solving the technical defects in the above-mentioned background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: This utility model is a combined support structure for soft rock tunneling, including a limiting plate. A plurality of the limiting plates are horizontally arrayed and installed below the soft rock layer. A convex plate is fixedly provided on one side of the limiting plate, and a concave plate is fixedly provided on the other side of the limiting plate. The convex plate of one of the limiting plates is located above the concave plate of the adjacent limiting plate. The convex plate and the corresponding concave plate are connected by a threaded positioning rod. A lifting support assembly is installed above each of the limiting plates.

[0007] The lifting support assembly includes a lifting plate, a support pad is detachably installed on the top of the lifting plate, and two centrally symmetrical trapezoidal plates are fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting plate, with the inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal plates facing downwards.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the top of the convex plate and the concave plate each have two threaded holes that are threaded to engage with the threaded positioning rods, and the top of the limiting plate is fixedly provided with several limiting rods.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that a support plate is fixedly provided on the top of the limiting rod and fits against the bottom of the trapezoidal plate, a drive motor is installed on the bottom of one of the support plates, and a drive gear is rotatably provided on the top of the support plate and fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the two trapezoidal plates on the support plate are connected by a connecting plate, and two centrally symmetrically distributed triangular inclined plates are slidably arranged on the top of the support plate, with the inclined surfaces of the triangular inclined plates facing upwards and fitting against the inclined surfaces of the corresponding trapezoidal plates.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the triangular inclined plate on the support plate is located on both sides of the drive gear, and two drive racks that slide in cooperation with the support plate are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the triangular inclined plate, and the drive gear meshes with the corresponding drive racks.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that a T-shaped plate is fixedly provided at one end of the driving rack, and a U-shaped plate is fixedly provided at the other end of the driving rack. The T-shaped plate is adapted to the U-shaped plate at the corresponding position. Two guide plates that slide in cooperation with the corresponding trapezoidal plates are fixedly provided on the top of the support plate.

[0013] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. This utility model places the required limiting plate and the upper lifting support assembly sequentially below the soft rock layer, with the convex plate at the adjacent position below the corresponding concave plate, and screws in the threaded positioning rod to fix the limiting plate in the corresponding area. The larger the area of ​​the soft rock layer that needs to be supported, the more limiting plates are placed. The detachable support structure can determine the size of the required support structure according to the actual situation, making the support structure suitable for different areas and improving the applicability of the support structure.

[0015] 2. This utility model isolates the lifting plate from the soft rock by using a support pad, preventing damage to the lifting plate from the internal substances of the soft rock over a long period of time. When the support pad is damaged, it can be removed and replaced with a new support pad, thus improving the service life of the support structure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a combined support structure for tunneling in soft rock.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The front view of the structure.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The left view of the structure.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting support assembly in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 4 The front view of the structure.

[0024] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0025] 1-Limiting plate, 2-Convex plate, 3-Concave plate, 4-Threaded positioning rod, 5-Lifting support assembly, 501-Lifting plate, 502-Support pad, 503-Trapezoidal plate, 504-Support plate, 505-T-shaped plate, 506-U-shaped plate, 507-Triangular inclined plate, 508-Drive rack, 509-Connecting plate, 510-Guide plate, 6-Threaded hole, 7-Limiting rod, 8-Drive motor, 9-Drive gear. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Please see Figure 1-7This utility model is a combined support structure for soft rock tunneling, including a limiting plate 1. Several limiting plates 1 are horizontally arrayed and installed below the soft rock layer. A protruding plate 2 is fixedly provided on one side of the limiting plate 1, and a concave plate 3 is fixedly provided on the other side of the limiting plate 1. The protruding plate 2 of one limiting plate 1 is located above the concave plate 3 of the adjacent limiting plate 1. The protruding plate 2 and the corresponding concave plate 3 are connected by a threaded positioning rod 4. A lifting support assembly 5 is installed above each limiting plate 1.

[0028] Place the limiting plate 1 and the lifting support assembly 5 above it in sequence below the soft rock layer. The convex plate 2 at the adjacent position is below the corresponding concave plate 3. Screw in the threaded positioning rod 4 to fix the limiting plate 1 in the corresponding area.

[0029] Specifically, the lifting support assembly 5 includes a lifting plate 501, and a support pad 502 is detachably installed on the top of the lifting plate 501 (the support pad 502 is made of carbon fiber composite material to improve wear resistance). The support pad 502 isolates the lifting plate 501 from the soft rock, preventing damage to the lifting plate 501 from the internal substances of the soft rock during long-term use. When the support pad 502 is damaged, it can be removed and replaced with a new support pad 502, which improves the service life of the support structure. Two centrally symmetrical trapezoidal plates 503 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting plate 501, with the inclined surface of the trapezoidal plates 503 facing downward.

[0030] Both the convex plate 2 and the concave plate 3 have two threaded holes 6 on their tops that are threaded to the threaded positioning rod 4. Several limiting rods 7 are fixedly installed on the top of the limiting plate 1. When the limiting plate 1 is placed in sequence, the threaded holes 6 on the convex plate 2 coincide with the threaded holes 6 on the concave plate 3.

[0031] Furthermore, a support plate 504 is fixedly installed at the top of the limiting rod 7, which is in contact with the bottom of the trapezoidal plate 503. The two trapezoidal plates 503 on the support plate 504 are connected by a connecting plate 509. Two centrally symmetrically distributed triangular inclined plates 507 are slidably installed at the top of the support plate 504. The inclined surfaces of the triangular inclined plates 507 are arranged facing upwards and are in contact with the inclined surfaces of the corresponding trapezoidal plates 503. In the initial state, the two triangular inclined plates 507 on the same support plate 504 are furthest apart, and the bottom of the trapezoidal plate 503 is in contact with the support plate 504.

[0032] Furthermore, two drive racks 508 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the triangular inclined plate 507, which slide in cooperation with the support plate 504. A T-shaped plate 505 is fixedly installed at one end of the drive rack 508, and a U-shaped plate 506 is fixedly installed at the other end of the drive rack 508. The T-shaped plate 505 is adapted to the U-shaped plate 506 at the corresponding position. Two guide plates 510 are fixedly installed on the top of the support plate 504, which slide in cooperation with the corresponding trapezoidal plate 503. In the initial state, the top of the guide plate 510 is in contact with the bottom of the lifting plate 501.

[0033] First, place a limiting plate 1 and the lifting support assembly 1 above it in the corresponding area. Then, place a second limiting plate 1 and the lifting support assembly 1 above it on one side of the first limiting plate 1. Place the convex plate 2 on the second limiting plate 1 on the concave plate 3 on the first limiting plate 1. Insert the T-shaped plate 505 on the second limiting plate 1 into the corresponding U-shaped plate 506 on the first limiting plate 1, so that the driving rack 508 on the first limiting plate 1 is connected to the driving rack 508 on the second limiting plate 1. By placing them in the above manner, the driving rack 508 on each limiting plate 1 can be connected to the driving rack on the adjacent limiting plate 1. The driving rack 508 on each limiting plate 1 moves with the horizontal movement of the driving rack 508 on the first limiting plate 1.

[0034] One of the support plates 504 has a drive motor 8 installed at the bottom and a drive gear 9 fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 8 rotatably installed on the top of the support plate 504. The drive gear 9 meshes with the corresponding drive rack 508. The triangular inclined plate 507 on the support plate 504 is located on both sides of the drive gear 9.

[0035] The drive motor 8 drives the drive gear 9 to rotate, causing the corresponding drive racks 808 to move closer to each other, and the triangular inclined plates 507 to move closer to each other, thereby pushing the trapezoidal plate 503 at the corresponding position to move upward along the corresponding guide plate 510. The drive racks 508 at other positions move synchronously, causing the corresponding triangular inclined plates 507 to move, so that the trapezoidal plates 503 at each position move upward, thereby driving the lifting plate 501 to move upward and the support pad 502 to move upward, thereby adjusting the position of the support pad 502 and improving the support effect of the support structure.

[0036] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: In the initial state, the two triangular inclined plates 507 on the same support plate 504 are furthest apart, the bottom of the trapezoidal plate 503 is in contact with the support plate 504, and the top of the guide plate 510 is in contact with the bottom of the lifting plate 501. The limiting plate 1 drives the upper lifting support assembly 5 to be placed below the soft rock layer in sequence. One limiting plate 1 and the upper lifting support assembly 1 are placed in the corresponding area. Then, the second limiting plate 1 and the upper lifting support assembly 1 are placed on one side of the first limiting plate 1. The convex plate 2 on the second limiting plate 1 is placed on the concave plate 3 on the first limiting plate 1. The T-shaped plate 505 on the second limiting plate 1 is inserted into the corresponding U-shaped plate on the first limiting plate 1. On the shape plate 506, the drive rack 508 on the first limiting plate 1 is connected to the drive rack 508 on the second limiting plate 1. The required limiting plates 1 are placed in the above manner (the required number of limiting plates 1 is determined according to the actual situation. The larger the area of ​​the soft rock layer to be supported, the more limiting plates 1 are placed. The detachable structure is adopted to improve the applicability of the support structure). The drive rack 508 on each limiting plate 1 is connected to the drive rack on the adjacent limiting plate 1. At this time, the convex plate 2 at the adjacent position is below the corresponding concave plate 3. The threaded hole 6 on the convex plate 2 coincides with the threaded hole 6 on the concave plate 3. Then, the threaded positioning rod 4 is screwed in to fix the limiting plate 1 in the corresponding area.

[0037] Next, the drive motor 8 drives the drive gear 9 to rotate, and the drive racks 808 at the corresponding positions move closer to each other, and the triangular inclined plates 507 move closer to each other, thereby pushing the trapezoidal plates 503 at the corresponding positions to move upward along the corresponding guide plates 510. The drive racks 508 at other positions move synchronously, causing the corresponding triangular inclined plates 507 to move, so that the trapezoidal plates 503 at each position move upward, thereby driving the lifting plate 501 to move upward and the support pad 502 to move upward, thereby adjusting the position of the support pad 502.

[0038] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. This utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite support structure for soft rock tunneling, comprising a limiting plate (1), characterized in that: A plurality of limiting plates (1) are horizontally arrayed and installed below the soft rock layer. A protruding plate (2) is fixedly provided on one side of the limiting plate (1) and a concave plate (3) is fixedly provided on the other side of the limiting plate (1). The protruding plate (2) of one of the limiting plates (1) is above the concave plate (3) of the adjacent limiting plate (1). The protruding plate (2) and the corresponding concave plate (3) are connected by a threaded positioning rod (4). A lifting support assembly (5) is installed above each of the limiting plates (1). The lifting support assembly (5) includes a lifting plate (501), a support pad (502) is detachably installed on the top of the lifting plate (501), and two centrally symmetrical trapezoidal plates (503) are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lifting plate (501), with the inclined surface of the trapezoidal plates (503) facing downward.

2. The combined support structure for soft rock tunneling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the convex plate (2) and the concave plate (3) are provided with two threaded holes (6) that are threaded to the threaded positioning rod (4), and the top of the limiting plate (1) is fixedly provided with several limiting rods (7).

3. A combined support structure for soft rock tunneling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the limiting rod (7) is fixedly provided with a support plate (504) that fits against the bottom of the trapezoidal plate (503). One of the support plates (504) is equipped with a drive motor (8) at the bottom. The top of the support plate (504) is rotatably provided with a drive gear (9) that is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (8).

4. A combined support structure for soft rock tunneling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two trapezoidal plates (503) on the support plate (504) are connected by a connecting plate (509). Two centrally symmetrical triangular inclined plates (507) are slidably arranged on the top of the support plate (504). The inclined surfaces of the triangular inclined plates (507) are arranged facing upwards and are in contact with the inclined surfaces of the corresponding trapezoidal plates (503).

5. A combined support structure for soft rock tunneling according to claim 4, characterized in that, The triangular inclined plate (507) on the support plate (504) is located on both sides of the drive gear (9). Two drive racks (508) that slide with the support plate (504) are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the triangular inclined plate (507). The drive gear (9) meshes with the corresponding drive racks (508).

6. A combined support structure for soft rock tunneling according to claim 5, characterized in that, A T-shaped plate (505) is fixedly provided at one end of the drive rack (508), and a U-shaped plate (506) is fixedly provided at the other end of the drive rack (508). The T-shaped plate (505) is adapted to the U-shaped plate (506) at the corresponding position. Two guide plates (510) that slide in cooperation with the corresponding trapezoidal plate (503) are fixedly provided on the top of the support plate (504).

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