VHMT combined load loading device

Abstract

The utility model provides a VHMT combined load loading device which can independently apply a vertical load, a horizontal load, a bending moment, a torque and any combined load of the loads. The VHMT combined load loading device comprises a support frame and a loading unit arranged in the support frame, the loading unit comprises a vertical and bending moment loading module, a horizontal loading module, a torque loading module and a spherical hinge module; the horizontal loading module is connected with the vertical and bending moment loading module and is used for applying horizontal force; the vertical and bending moment loading module is connected with the torque loading module through a spherical hinge module, and the spherical hinge module is used for transmitting bending moment and force downwards and isolating torque at the same time; the vertical and bending moment loading module is used for applying vertical force and bending moment; the torque loading module is used for applying torque.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a loading device, specifically a VHMT combined load loading device, belonging to the technical field of structural stress characteristics. Background Technology

[0002] In geotechnical engineering, the foundation bearing capacity design of building structures is usually based on calculations and analyses under a single load. However, foundations in actual engineering projects are often subjected to a combination of complex loads, including vertical loads (V), horizontal loads (H), bending moment loads (M), and torsional loads (T).

[0003] Existing design methods use a single load superposition approach, neglecting the coupling effect between different loads, which leads to deviations between the calculated results and the actual stress conditions. For example, the ultimate bearing capacity of a combined load is usually less than the minimum value of a single load, making the design scheme based on the superposition principle potentially dangerous or unsafe.

[0004] Research on the bearing characteristics of foundations under VHMT combined loads is crucial for improving the accuracy and safety of engineering design. By studying the bearing characteristics under these complex load combinations, we can better understand the failure modes of foundations, load transfer mechanisms, and the variation law of composite bearing capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a combined loading device for model tests to clarify the bearing characteristics of foundations under combined loads. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a VHMT combined load loading device, which can independently apply vertical loads, horizontal loads, bending moments, torques, and any combination of these loads.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is: a VHMT combined load loading device, comprising: a support frame and a loading unit disposed within the support frame;

[0007] The loading unit includes a vertical and bending moment loading module, a horizontal loading module, a torque loading module, and a ball joint module;

[0008] The horizontal loading module is connected to the vertical and bending moment loading modules and is used to apply horizontal force;

[0009] The vertical and bending moment loading module is connected to the torque loading module via a ball joint module, which is used to transmit bending moment and force downward while isolating torque.

[0010] The vertical and bending moment loading modules are used to apply vertical force and bending moment;

[0011] The torque loading module is used to apply torque.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ball joint module includes: a ball joint and an upper peripheral structure and a lower peripheral structure surrounding the ball joint;

[0013] The upper and lower outer perimeter structures are joined together to surround the ball joint;

[0014] The lower peripheral structure has a hemispherical groove at its center to accommodate the lower half of the ball joint;

[0015] The upper outer periphery structure is formed by joining the left and right halves together. After joining the left and right halves together, a groove for accommodating the upper half of the ball joint and a round hole for the vertical connecting rod on the ball joint to extend out are formed in the middle.

[0016] The vertical connecting rod extends out of the upper outer perimeter structure and connects to the vertical and bending moment loading module; the lower outer perimeter structure is connected to the torque loading module via a connecting rod.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the vertical and bending moment loading module includes: vertical loading rod A, vertical loading rod B, push rod A, push rod B and groove connector;

[0018] The vertical loading rod A is formed by hinged connection of the upper and lower members of the vertical loading rod; the vertical loading rod B is a single independent member.

[0019] The push rods A and B are vertically arranged, and their top fixed ends are respectively connected to the support frame;

[0020] The upper part of the vertical loading rod is connected to the actuating end of the push rod A, and the vertical loading rod B is connected to the actuating end of the push rod B.

[0021] The lower ends of the vertical loading rod A and the vertical loading rod B are respectively hinged to the groove connector; the groove connector has a locking head with a smooth pulley inside, and the locking head can slide freely in the horizontal direction inside the groove connector;

[0022] The groove connector is connected to the ball joint module.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the top fixed ends of push rod A and push rod B are respectively connected to sliding sleeves, and the sliding sleeves are fitted onto the top crossbar of the support frame and can move along the top crossbar of the support frame.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the horizontal loading module includes: a push rod C and a horizontal loading rod;

[0025] One end of the horizontal loading rod is connected to push rod A, and the other end is connected to the actuating end of the horizontally set push rod C; the other end of push rod C is supported on the support frame.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the horizontal loading rod includes two horizontal rods arranged parallel to each other vertically, and the two horizontal rods are connected by a vertical rod. The actuating end of the push rod C is connected to the middle of the vertical rod.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a force sensor for recording horizontal force is provided between the push rod C and the horizontal loading rod.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the torque loading module includes: a connecting body and a power unit, a torque sensor and a rod disposed inside the connecting body;

[0029] The ball joint module is connected to the top of the connecting body via a connecting rod. The power unit is supported inside the connecting body. The power output end of the power unit is connected to a vertically arranged rod. A torque sensor is installed on the rod. The lower end of the rod extends out of the connecting body and is connected to an axial force gauge. The torque sensor is fixed on the connecting body.

[0030] Beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The VHMT combined load loading device of this utility model is equipped with a vertical and bending moment loading module, a horizontal loading module, a torque loading module and a ball joint module, which can independently apply vertical load, horizontal load, bending moment, torque and any combination of these loads.

[0032] (2) In this utility model, the vertical and bending moment loading module and the torque loading module are connected by a ball joint module. The ball joint module can only transmit bending moment and force downward and cannot transmit torque upward, thereby ensuring that when a torque load is applied, the torque cannot be transmitted to the vertical and bending moment loading module and the horizontal loading module above.

[0033] (3) In this utility model, the horizontal loading rod includes two horizontal rods arranged in parallel vertically, and the two horizontal rods are connected by a vertical rod. The actuating end of the push rod C is connected to the middle of the vertical rod. This enables the external force to be distributed more evenly, improves stability, and reduces the stress concentration.

[0034] (4) In this utility model, the vertical loading rod A is a two-segment rod unit consisting of the upper part of the vertical loading rod and the lower part of the vertical loading rod, which are hinged together to form a hinge constraint, and can compensate for the length difference caused by the bending moment. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the VHMT combined load loading device of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two vertical loading rods and the groove connector in this utility model;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the upper outer perimeter structure in the ball joint module;

[0038] Figure 4 The diagram shows the lower peripheral structure of the ball joint module, where (a) is a top view and (b) is a central sectional view.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the torque loading module.

[0040] The components are: 1-support frame, 2-vertical loading rod A, 201-upper vertical loading rod, 202-lower vertical loading rod, 3-vertical loading rod B, 4-groove connector, 401-clamp, 402-pulley, 5-ball joint module, 501-ball joint, 502-upper outer structure, 503-lower outer structure, 6-push rod A, 7-push rod B, 8-sliding sleeve, 9-vertical connecting rod, 10-push rod C, 11-horizontal loading rod, 12-torque loading module, 121-power unit, 122-torque sensor, 123-rod, 124-connector, 125-bolt, 13-axial force gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] This embodiment provides a VHMT combined load loading device that can independently apply vertical loads, horizontal loads, bending moments, torques, and any combination of these loads.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the VHMT combined load loading device includes: a support frame 1 and a loading unit disposed within the support frame 1; wherein the loading unit includes: a vertical and bending moment loading module, a horizontal loading module, a torque loading module 12, and a ball joint module 5.

[0044] The vertical and bending moment loading module includes: two vertical loading rods, push rods connected to the two vertical loading rods in a one-to-one correspondence, and groove connector 4. The two vertical loading rods are vertical loading rod A2 and vertical loading rod B3, and the push rod connected to vertical loading rod A2 is push rod A6, and the push rod connected to vertical loading rod B3 is push rod B7.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the vertical loading rod A2 is a two-segment rod unit consisting of the upper member 201 and the lower member 202 of the vertical loading rod, which are hinged together to form a hinge constraint, which can compensate for the length difference caused by the bending moment; the vertical loading rod B3 is an independent rod.

[0046] Push rods A6 and B7 are vertically arranged, with their top fixed ends connected to sliding sleeves 8. Sliding sleeves 8 are fitted onto the top horizontal bar of the support frame 1 and can move along the top horizontal bar. The upper member 201 of the vertical loading rod A2 is connected to the actuating end of push rod A6, and the vertical loading rod B3 is connected to the actuating end of push rod B7. Push rods A6 and B7 are used to apply vertical loads to vertical loading rods A2 and B3, respectively. Vertical loads, bending moments, and combined vertical and bending moment loads can be applied through the two vertical loading rods.

[0047] The lower ends of the two vertical loading rods are provided with groove connectors 4. The lower ends of the lower rod 202 of the vertical loading rod A2 and the lower ends of the vertical loading rod B3 are respectively hinged to the two transverse ends of the groove connectors 4. Inside the groove connectors 4 is a locking head 401 with a smooth pulley 402, which can slide freely in the horizontal direction within the groove connectors 4. The lower end of the groove connectors 4 is connected to the vertical connecting rod 9.

[0048] The horizontal loading module includes a push rod C10 and a horizontal loading rod 11. The horizontal loading module acts on the push rod A6. Specifically, the push rod C10 is a horizontal push rod, one end of the horizontal loading rod 11 is connected to the push rod A6, and the other end is connected to the actuating end of the horizontally positioned push rod C10. The other end of the push rod C10 is supported on the support frame 1. The push rod C10 is used to apply a horizontal load to the horizontal loading rod 11.

[0049] As an example, the horizontal loading rod 11 includes two horizontal rods arranged parallel to each other, which are connected by a vertical rod. The actuating end of the push rod C10 is connected to the middle of the vertical rod. This enables the external force to be distributed more evenly, improves stability, and reduces stress concentration.

[0050] As an example, push rods A6, B7, and C10 are either electric or hydraulic push rods.

[0051] The vertical and bending moment loading modules are connected to the torque loading module via a ball joint module 5. The ball joint module 5 can only transmit bending moment and force (i.e., it can only transmit bending moment and force downwards, and cannot transmit torque upwards).

[0052] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the ball joint module 5 includes a ball joint 501 and an upper peripheral structure 502 and a lower peripheral structure 503 surrounding the ball joint 501. The upper peripheral structure 502 and the lower peripheral structure 503 are joined together vertically to surround the ball joint 501. The lower peripheral structure 503 has a hemispherical groove at its center to accommodate the lower half of the ball joint 501. The upper peripheral structure 502 is formed by joining two halves together, which are fixed together by four bolts. After joining the two halves, a groove is formed in the middle to accommodate the upper half of the ball joint 501 and a circular hole for the vertical connecting rod 9 on the ball joint 501 to extend out. The vertical connecting rod 9 extends out of the upper peripheral structure 502 and connects to the groove connector 4. The lower peripheral structure 503 is connected to the torque loading module 12 via a connecting rod.

[0053] The upper outer structure 502 is designed so that the ball joint 501 can only rotate about the axis of the vertical connecting rod 9 relative to the upper outer structure 502 and the lower outer structure 503. As a result, the ball joint module 5 can only transmit bending moment and force downward, but cannot transmit torque upward (that is, when the torque loading module 12 is twisted, the vertical and bending moment loading modules and the horizontal loading module above the ball joint module 5 do not twist together).

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, the torque loading module 12 includes: a connecting body 124 and a power unit 121, a torque sensor 122, and a rod 123 disposed inside the connecting body 124; the lower peripheral structure 503 is connected to the top of the connecting body 124 via a connecting rod; the power unit 121 (such as a rotary motor) is supported inside the connecting body 124; the power output end of the power unit 121 is connected to the vertically arranged rod 123; the torque sensor 122 is mounted on the rod 123; the lower end of the rod 123 extends out of the connecting body 124 and is connected to the axial force gauge 13. The torque sensor 122 is fixed to the connecting body 124 by bolts 125; thus, the power unit 121 drives the rod 123 to twist, thereby causing the torque loading module 12 to twist as a whole (at this time, the upper peripheral structure 502 and the lower peripheral structure 503 twist relative to the ball joint 501, but the ball joint 501 does not twist along with it, and consequently the groove connector 4 and the vertical and bending moment loading modules and the horizontal loading module above it do not twist along with it), while the torque sensor 122 records the torque magnitude.

[0055] Axial force gauge 13 is used to record vertical force; in addition, in the horizontal loading module, a force sensor for recording horizontal force is provided between push rod C10 and horizontal loading rod 11.

[0056] When in use, the axial force gauge 13 is connected to the basic model through a connecting structure.

[0057] The principle of the VHMT combined load loading device is as follows:

[0058] (1) Applying a vertical load V: Applying the same magnitude of force in the same direction (the direction of the force is vertically downward) to the two vertical loading rods;

[0059] (2) Apply horizontal load H: Apply the required horizontal force to the horizontal loading rod;

[0060] (3) Apply bending moment load M: Apply forces of the same magnitude but opposite directions to the two vertical loading rods (the bending moment load is transmitted downward through the ball joint module 5);

[0061] (4) Applying torque load T: The power unit 121 in the torque loading module 12 drives the rod 123 to twist, thereby driving the torque loading module 12 to twist as a whole to apply torque load (at this time, due to the setting of the ball joint module 5, the torque load will not be transmitted to the vertical and bending moment loading module and horizontal loading module above).

[0062] (5) Apply vertical-horizontal combined load VH: Apply the same force in the same direction and the same magnitude to the two vertical loading rods, and at the same time apply the required horizontal force to the horizontal loading rod;

[0063] (6) Applying a combined vertical-bending moment load VM: A force V2 of the same magnitude but opposite direction is superimposed on two vertical loading rods, applying a force V1 in the same direction to both rods. That is, the force on one vertical loading rod is V1 + V2, and the force on the other vertical loading rod is V1 - V2. (The downward force is positive.)

[0064] (7) Applying a vertical-torque combined load VT: Applying the same force in the same direction (the direction of the force is vertically downward) to the two vertical loading rods, and at the same time, the torque loading module 12 is rotated as a whole by the power unit 121 in the torque loading module 12 to apply a torque load.

[0065] (8) Apply horizontal-bending moment combined load HM: Apply the required horizontal force to the horizontal loading rod, and at the same time apply forces of the same magnitude but opposite directions to the two vertical loading rods;

[0066] (9) Apply horizontal-torque combined load HT: Apply the required horizontal force to the horizontal loading rod, and at the same time, drive the rod 123 to twist through the power unit 121 in the torque loading module 12 to apply torque load.

[0067] (10) Applying a combined moment-torque load MT: Applying forces of the same magnitude but opposite directions to the two vertical loading rods, while simultaneously driving the rod 123 to twist through the power unit 121 in the torque loading module 12 to apply a torque load.

[0068] (11) Apply vertical-horizontal-bending moment combined load VHM: Apply the required horizontal force to the horizontal loading rod, and apply a force V1 of the same direction and magnitude to the two vertical loading rods, and then superimpose a force V2 of the same magnitude but opposite direction. That is, the force on one vertical loading rod is V1+V2, and the force on the other vertical loading rod is V1-V2.

[0069] (12) Applying vertical-horizontal-torque combined load VHT: Applying the same force in the same direction and the same magnitude to the two vertical loading rods, applying the required horizontal force to the horizontal loading rod, and at the same time, applying torque load by driving the rod 123 to twist through the power unit 121 in the torque loading module 12.

[0070] (13) Apply horizontal-bending-torque combined load HMT: apply the required horizontal force to the horizontal loading rod, apply forces of the same magnitude but opposite directions to the two vertical loading rods, and at the same time, drive the rod 123 to twist through the power unit 121 in the torque loading module 12 to apply torque load.

[0071] (14) Apply vertical-horizontal-bending moment-torque combined load VHMT: Apply the required horizontal force to the horizontal loading rod, and apply a force V1 of the same magnitude and direction to the two vertical loading rods, and then add a force V2 of the same magnitude but opposite direction. That is, the force on one vertical loading rod is V1+V2, and the force on the other vertical loading rod is V1-V2. At the same time, the torque loading module 12 is rotated as a whole by the power unit 121 in the torque loading module 12 to apply the torque load.

[0072] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A VHMT combined load loading device, characterized in that: include: Support frame (1) and loading unit disposed within support frame (1); The loading unit includes a vertical and bending moment loading module, a horizontal loading module, a torque loading module (12), and a ball joint module (5); The horizontal loading module is connected to the vertical and bending moment loading modules and is used to apply horizontal force; The vertical and bending moment loading module is connected to the torque loading module (12) via a ball joint module (5), which is used to transmit bending moment and force downward while isolating torque; The vertical and bending moment loading modules are used to apply vertical force and bending moment; The torque loading module (12) is used to apply torque.

2. The VHMT combined load loading device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ball joint module (5) includes: a ball joint (501) and an upper peripheral structure (502) and a lower peripheral structure (503) surrounding the ball joint (501); The upper outer perimeter structure (502) and the lower outer perimeter structure (503) are connected vertically to surround the ball joint (501); The lower peripheral structure (503) has a hemispherical groove at its center for accommodating the lower half of the ball joint (501); The upper outer periphery structure (502) is formed by joining the left and right halves together. After joining the left and right halves together, a groove is formed in the middle for accommodating the upper half of the ball joint (501) and a round hole for the vertical connecting rod (9) on the ball joint (501) to extend out. The vertical connecting rod (9) extends out of the upper outer perimeter structure (502) and is connected to the vertical and bending moment loading module; the lower outer perimeter structure (503) is connected to the torque loading module (12) through the connecting rod.

3. The VHMT combined load loading device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The vertical and bending moment loading module includes: vertical loading rod A (2), vertical loading rod B (3), push rod A (6), push rod B (7) and groove connector (4); The vertical loading rod A (2) is formed by hinged connection of the upper part (201) and the lower part (202) of the vertical loading rod; the vertical loading rod B (3) is an independent rod. The push rods A (6) and B (7) are vertically arranged, and their top fixed ends are respectively connected to the support frame (1); The upper part of the vertical loading rod (201) is connected to the actuating end of the push rod A (6), and the vertical loading rod B (3) is connected to the actuating end of the push rod B (7); The lower ends of the vertical loading rod A (2) and the vertical loading rod B (3) are respectively hinged to the groove connector (4); the groove connector (4) has a locking head (401) with a smooth pulley (402) inside, and the locking head (401) can slide freely in the horizontal direction inside the groove connector (4); The groove connector (4) is connected to the ball joint module (5).

4. The VHMT combined load loading device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The top fixed ends of push rod A (6) and push rod B (7) are respectively connected to sliding sleeve (8). The sliding sleeve (8) is fitted on the top crossbar of the support frame (1) and can move along the top crossbar of the support frame (1).

5. The VHMT combined load loading device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The horizontal loading module includes: push rod C (10) and horizontal loading rod (11); One end of the horizontal loading rod (11) is connected to the push rod A (6), and the other end is connected to the actuating end of the horizontally set push rod C (10); the other end of the push rod C (10) is supported on the support frame (1).

6. The VHMT combined load loading device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The horizontal loading rod (11) includes two horizontal rods arranged in parallel vertically, which are connected by a vertical rod. The actuating end of the push rod C (10) is connected to the middle of the vertical rod.

7. The VHMT combined load loading device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A force sensor for recording horizontal force is provided between the push rod C (10) and the horizontal loading rod (11).

8. The VHMT combined load loading device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The torque loading module (12) includes: a connecting body (124) and a power unit (121), a torque sensor (122) and a rod (123) disposed inside the connecting body (124); The ball joint module (5) is connected to the top of the connecting body (124) via a connecting rod. The power unit (121) is supported inside the connecting body (124). The power output end of the power unit (121) is connected to the vertically arranged rod (123). The torque sensor (122) is installed on the rod (123). The lower end of the rod (123) extends out of the connecting body (124) and is connected to the axial force gauge (13). The torque sensor (122) is fixed on the connecting body (124).

Images