Electrically-driven multifunctional heart-lung model

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrically-driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model, relates to the field of teaching models, and particularly aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, in the teaching process of an existing teaching double-lung model, only arteries and other structures and the distribution condition of lung segments can be determined, and the teaching efficiency is low. In order to solve the problems that in the prior art, in the prior art, the whole process of lung gas exchange, lung circulation and alveolar change cannot be further dynamically simulated, and the working process of the heart and the lung cannot be vividly restored, the utility model provides an electrically-driven multifunctional heart and lung model which is scientific and vivid, meets more teaching contents, enables a solid model to be dynamic, enables the lung physiological process to be visualized, and improves the teaching efficiency. The main physiological functions of the lung are simulated through various lights, the basic anatomical structure and the dynamic physiological process are combined, the lung anatomical structure and the physiological functions are comprehensively displayed, the discipline barrier is broken, learning and understanding of students are facilitated, and the higher teaching requirements at present are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model pertains to medical teaching models, specifically relating to an electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model. Background Technology

[0002] The lungs are vital respiratory organs located in the chest cavity. Their primary function is gas exchange, drawing oxygen into the body and expelling carbon dioxide. The lungs are composed of numerous alveoli, the basic functional units of the lungs. These alveoli have a spongy structure that effectively increases the surface area of ​​the lungs, enhancing the efficiency of gas exchange. Each alveolus is surrounded by a thin alveolar wall lined with numerous capillaries. These capillaries are responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs while simultaneously expelling carbon dioxide and other waste products.

[0003] The primary function of the lungs is gas exchange, namely, inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide. When a person breathes, oxygen from the air enters the lungs through the respiratory tract and then diffuses into the alveoli. In the alveoli, oxygen combines with red blood cells in the blood and is transported to all organs and tissues throughout the body via blood circulation. At the same time, carbon dioxide is also released from the blood, diffuses into the alveoli, and is then expelled from the body through exhalation.

[0004] In pulmonary circulation, the heart plays an indispensable central role. The right ventricle, acting as the initiating engine of pulmonary circulation, experiences rhythmic contractions of the myocardial tissue, generating strong pressure that propels blood from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery at high speed. This pressure is sufficient to overcome the resistance of the pulmonary artery and its branches, ensuring a continuous flow of blood to the pulmonary capillary network for gas exchange. With the development of the times, people have placed higher demands on teaching. However, current human anatomy teaching models have remained unchanged for decades, with limited formats, small quantities, low technological content, and poor product quality, failing to meet the growing demand for teaching models.

[0005] The patent document with publication number CN201710990120.4 discloses a multifunctional double lung model for teaching and preoperative communication. Its structure includes a double lung bronchial structure, a first lung lobe, a power indicator light, a support plate, a first light button, a second light button, a switch button, a third light button, a fourth light button, a base, a support rod, a second lung lobe, rivets, and a first light tube. After being connected to the first light button through an internal connecting wire, pressing the light button will light up the corresponding light tube, which can help users clearly distinguish structures such as arteries. The installation of lung segment lights can also make the lung segment distribution clearer, which is convenient for teaching.

[0006] However, the above models can only allow users to clearly understand the structures such as arteries and the distribution of lung segments. They cannot further dynamically simulate the process of gas exchange in the lungs, pulmonary circulation, and alveolar changes, vividly recreate the working process of the heart and lungs, facilitate students' learning and understanding, transform the abstract into the concrete, leave a deep impression on learners, and improve learners' learning efficiency and teachers' teaching quality.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the problem that existing teaching lung models can only clearly demonstrate structures such as arteries and the distribution of lung segments during teaching, but cannot further dynamically simulate the completion process of pulmonary gas exchange, pulmonary circulation, and alveolar changes, or vividly reproduce the working process of the cardiopulmonary system, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model, including a lung model that can demonstrate the pulmonary gas exchange process, pulmonary circulation, and alveolar changes, a heart model, a support structure that supports the cardiopulmonary model, and a control box located at the bottom of the device that controls the functions of the cardiopulmonary model.

[0009] This utility model of a power-driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model is more scientific, vivid, and can meet more teaching content. It dynamizes the solid model, visualizes the physiological processes of the lungs, simulates the main physiological functions of the lungs through a power device, and combines basic anatomical structures with dynamic physiological processes to provide a comprehensive display of the anatomical structure and physiological functions of the lungs. It breaks down disciplinary barriers, promotes interdisciplinary integration, builds a bridge between anatomy and physiology, and networks knowledge, which helps students learn and understand, thus meeting today's higher teaching demands.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0011] A electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model includes a left lung model, a right lung model, a heart model, and a trachea model, as well as interconnected support rods and a control box. The upper end of the support rods is connected to the heart model, and the left lung model and the right lung model are respectively set on both sides of the heart model and the trachea model and connected to the heart model and the trachea model.

[0012] Preferably, the left lung model is surrounded by a transparent lung membrane. The left lung model contains a left bronchus, a left alveolus, a pulmonary artery, a pulmonary vein, and the left bronchus is connected to the trachea model. The left alveolus is connected to the left bronchus. The pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein are located in the left lung model and are respectively connected to the left superior pulmonary vein and the left inferior pulmonary vein connected to the heart model.

[0013] Preferably, the left lung model is further provided with a three-color light strip segment one and a three-color light strip segment two. The three-color light strip segment one is embedded in the left bronchus and extends into the left alveoli, and then returns from the left alveoli to the left bronchus. The three-color light strip segment two is respectively set on the left pulmonary artery and vein, and extends into the left alveoli to converge with the three-color light strip segment one, and then continues from the left alveoli along the left pulmonary artery and vein to the left superior pulmonary vein and the left inferior pulmonary vein.

[0014] Preferably, LED beads capable of emitting green, white, and yellow light are provided on the first and second tri-color LED strip segments.

[0015] Preferably, the right lung model is surrounded by a transparent pulmonary membrane II. The right lung model contains a right bronchus, several right alveoli, a right pulmonary vein, a pulmonary vein root, a right pulmonary artery, and a pulmonary artery root. The right bronchus is connected to the trachea model, and the right alveoli are connected to the right bronchus. The right pulmonary artery and right pulmonary vein are located within the right lung model and are connected to the pulmonary artery root and pulmonary vein root, respectively. The pulmonary artery root and pulmonary vein root are connected between the right lung model and the heart model. The heart model includes a left ventricle and a right ventricle.

[0016] Preferably, the right lung model is also equipped with a two-color light strip, which extends from the right ventricle to the root of the pulmonary artery, the right pulmonary artery and finally reaches the alveoli of the right lung, and extends through the alveoli of the right lung to the right pulmonary vein, the root of the pulmonary vein and finally reaches the left ventricle.

[0017] Preferably, the two-color LED strip is equipped with LED beads that can emit blue and red light.

[0018] Preferably, the right and left alveoli are balloons.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model discloses an electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model. Compared with the prior art, the improvement of this utility model lies in:

[0020] (1) This utility model solves the problem of demonstrating a complete process of gas exchange in the lungs through the design of a left lung model, and realizes a vivid reproduction of the process of gas exchange in the lungs. This allows teachers to better demonstrate lung function and students to better understand the content being taught. In particular, the left lung model uses three colors of light to dynamically and simply realize the process of oxygen and carbon dioxide moving in the lungs, leaving a deep impression on learners and improving the learning efficiency of learners and the teaching quality of teachers.

[0021] (2) This utility model, through the design and combined use of a right lung model and a heart model, solves the problem of demonstrating the blood exchange process of cardiopulmonary function, and achieves a vivid reproduction of the cardiopulmonary blood exchange process. This allows teachers to better demonstrate cardiopulmonary function and students to better understand the content being taught. In the right lung model and heart model, venous blood is represented by blue light and arterial blood by red light. The sequential flow and change of red and blue light facilitates beginners' learning and understanding of the cardiopulmonary blood circulation process.

[0022] (3) The alveoli of this utility model are replaced by balloons, which are low in cost and easy to use. By combining the gas exchange process of the left lung model, the alveoli expand and shrink accordingly to complete the changes of alveoli during one breath, and this process is repeated, making it easier for beginners to learn and understand the changes of alveoli during breathing. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heart model.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air pump structure inside the control box;

[0026] The components are: 1. Right alveolus; 2. Right pulmonary artery; 3. Right pulmonary vein; 4. Three-color light strip segment one; 5. Three-color light strip segment two; 6. Control switch one; 7. Control switch two; 8. Control switch three; 9. Control switch four; 10. Left superior pulmonary vein; 11. Left inferior pulmonary vein; 12. Heart model; 13. Pulmonary artery root; 14. Pulmonary vein root; 15. Mini air pump; 16. Power plug; 17. Two-color light strip; 18. Pressure increase control button; 19. Pressure decrease control button; 20. Flow rate adjustment button; 21. Trachea model; 22. Left lung model; 23. Right lung model; 24. Translucent lung membrane one; 25. Left bronchus; 26. Left alveolus; 27. Right bronchus. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Example:

[0029] See attached document Figure 1-3The illustration shows a novel electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model, comprising an interconnected left lung model 22, a right lung model 23, a heart model 12, a trachea model 21, a support rod, and a control box. The support rod is connected to the lower end of the heart model 12 to support the entire cardiopulmonary model, and the other end of the support rod is connected to the control box, which is used to control the demonstration of the entire cardiopulmonary model. The trachea model 21 and the heart model 12 are positioned between and connected to the left lung model 22 and the right lung model 23. Specifically, the trachea model 21 is positioned at the upper end of the left lung model 22 and the right lung model 23, and the heart model 12 is positioned at the lower end of the left lung model 22 and the right lung model 23. The heart model 12, the left lung model 22, and the right lung model 23 are all made of transparent PVC material.

[0030] Specifically, the left lung model 22 is used to simulate the process of gas exchange in the lungs. It includes: a transparent lung membrane 24, a left bronchus 25 placed inside the left lung model 22, a left alveolus 26, a three-color light strip segment 4, and a three-color light strip segment 5. The left alveolus 26 is represented by a balloon, and the three-color light strips are green, yellow, and white. Green light represents oxygen, yellow light represents carbon dioxide, and white light illuminates at the alveoli during the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen. The lighting effect at the alveoli is enhanced and prolonged to highlight the gas exchange process. In this embodiment, the three-color light strips illuminate in a flowing manner, allowing students to better understand the dynamic flow of gases in the lungs. The transparent lung membrane 24 wraps around the left lung model 22, the left bronchus 25 is placed inside the left lung model 22 and connected to the trachea model 21, and the left alveolus 26 is connected to the left bronchus 25.

[0031] The first segment of the three-color LED strip 4 is embedded in the left bronchus 25 and extends along the direction of the left bronchus 25, reaching the left alveolus 26, and then returning from the left alveolus 26 to the left bronchus 25. The second segment of the three-color LED strip 5 is embedded on the artery and vein of the left lung, which are located within the left lung. The second segment of the three-color LED strip 5 extends along the left pulmonary artery to the left alveolus 26, where it converges with the first segment of the three-color LED strip 4. It then extends out from the left alveolus 26 and continues to flow along the left pulmonary artery and vein, eventually flowing into the superior pulmonary vein 10 and the inferior pulmonary vein 11, respectively. The superior pulmonary vein 10 and the inferior pulmonary vein 11 are connected to the heart model 12. The first segment of the three-color LED strip 4 represents the gas in the left bronchus 25, and the second segment of the three-color LED strip 5 represents the gas in the blood vessels of the left lung.

[0032] Among them, the LED beads in the first segment 4 of the tri-color LED strip located in the left bronchus 25 emit green light, the LED beads in the first segment 4 of the tri-color LED strip located in the left alveolus 26 emit white light, and the LED beads in the first segment 4 of the tri-color LED strip returning from the left alveolus 26 to the left bronchus 25 emit yellow light; the LED beads in the second segment 5 of the tri-color LED strip located on the left pulmonary artery emit yellow light, the LED beads in the second segment 5 of the tri-color LED strip located in the left alveolus 26 emit white light, the LED beads on the left pulmonary artery and vein after passing through the left alveolus 26 emit green light, and the LED beads in the second segment 5 of the tri-color LED strip located on the left superior pulmonary vein 10 and the left inferior pulmonary vein 11 emit green light, and all LED beads are lit in a flowing manner;

[0033] During the demonstration, switch 6 is activated, causing the LEDs to illuminate in a flowing pattern. The first segment of the tri-color LED strip 4 illuminates green from the left bronchus 25, flows green to the left alveolar 26, turns white, and then flows yellow back from the alveolar 26 to the left bronchus 25, demonstrating gas exchange between the left bronchus 25 and the alveolar 26. Simultaneously, the second segment of the tri-color LED strip 5 illuminates yellow from the left pulmonary artery, flows yellow into the left alveolar 26 (contacting the first segment of the tri-color LED strip 4), turns white, and then flows green from the alveolar 26 to the left pulmonary artery and vein, ultimately flowing into the left superior pulmonary vein 10 and the left inferior pulmonary vein 11, respectively, demonstrating gas exchange between the left pulmonary artery / venous system and the left alveolar 26. The first and second segments of the tri-color LED strip 4 and 5 work together to demonstrate one complete gas exchange cycle in the lungs, repeating this process to help beginners understand the process of gas exchange in the lungs.

[0034] The right lung model 23 includes a hyaline membrane, right bronchus 27, several right alveoli 1, right pulmonary vein 3, pulmonary vein root 14, right pulmonary artery 2, pulmonary artery root 13, and a two-color light strip 17 that emits red and blue light. The right bronchus 27 consists of 1-4 order bronchi, and there are three right alveoli 1. The red and blue lights represent venous blood and arterial blood, respectively. In this embodiment, the two-color light strip 17 illuminates in a flowing manner, making it easier to understand the inflow of venous blood and the outflow of arterial blood after passing through the alveoli, providing a vivid visual representation. The method is easy to understand; a transparent lung membrane 2 wraps around the periphery of the right lung model 23, the right bronchus 27 is set inside the right lung model 23 and is connected to the trachea model 21, the right alveolar 1 is connected to the right bronchus 27, the pulmonary artery root 13 and the pulmonary vein root 14 are connected between the right lung model 23 and the heart model 12, the right pulmonary artery 2 and the right pulmonary vein 3 are set inside the right lung model 23 and are connected to the pulmonary artery root 13 and the pulmonary vein root 14 respectively; the right alveolar 1 is a balloon, the blue light represents venous blood and the red light represents arterial blood;

[0035] The two-color light strip 17 extends from the right ventricle of the heart model 12, extending sequentially to the pulmonary artery root 13, the right pulmonary artery 2, and finally reaching the right alveolar 1. It then extends outwards from the right alveolar 1 to the right pulmonary vein 3, the pulmonary vein root 14, and finally to the left ventricle of the heart model 12. This facilitates students' understanding of the connection between the heart and lungs during pulmonary circulation, and helps them understand the process of venous blood flowing from the heart to the right pulmonary artery 2 and from the right pulmonary vein 3 back to the heart. Blue light represents venous blood, and red light represents arterial blood. Specifically, the LEDs in the two-color light strip 17 located in the right ventricle, pulmonary artery root 13, and right pulmonary artery 2 emit blue light; the LEDs in the two-color light strip 17 located in the right alveolar 1 of the right lung are symmetrically arranged with two types of LEDs, emitting blue and red light respectively; and the LEDs in the two-color light strip 17 located in the right pulmonary vein 3, pulmonary vein root 14, and left atrium emit red light.

[0036] During the demonstration, switch 7 is activated, causing the LEDs to illuminate in a flowing pattern. The right lung LED strip 18 illuminates from the right ventricle in blue, flowing sequentially through the pulmonary artery root 13, the right pulmonary artery 2, and finally reaching the right alveolar 1, at which point the blue LED turns off. Simultaneously, the right lung LED strip 18 from the right alveolar 1 illuminates again in red, flowing sequentially through the right pulmonary vein 3 and the pulmonary vein root 14, finally reaching the left atrium, at which point the red LED turns off. This completes one cycle of pulmonary circulation, repeating continuously to facilitate learning and understanding of the pulmonary circulation process for beginners.

[0037] The three-color light strip segment 4, three-color light strip segment 5, two-color light strip 17, alveolus 26 and alveolus 21 mentioned above are all connected to the control box via support rods. The control box is used to open and close the three-color light strip segment 4, three-color light strip segment 5 and two-color light strip 17, and is also used to inflate and deflate alveolus 26 and alveolus 21.

[0038] Specifically, the control box is equipped with a small air pump 15, a power plug 16, a control switch 1 6, a control switch 2 7, a control switch 3 8, and a control switch 4 9. The small air pump 15 can inflate and inhale air. The small air pump 15 is connected to the trachea model 21 through an air supply tube. The small air pump 15 delivers gas to the trachea model 21 through the air supply tube, and then the trachea model 21 inputs the gas into the right lung bronchus 27. The gas then enters the corresponding right alveolus 1 through the right lung bronchus 27. After the right alveolus 1 is inflated, it simulates the changes of alveoli during human breathing. The small air pump 15 includes a pressure increase control button 18, a pressure decrease control button 19, and a flow rate adjustment button 20, which can be manually increased and decreased as needed, and can periodically inflate and deflate to make the right lung alveolus 1 periodically expand and shrink.

[0039] Control switch 38 is used to control the inflation and deflation of alveoli in the right lung. Specifically, when control switch 38 is turned on, the small air pump 15 is turned on, which supplies air to the tracheal model 21 through the air supply tube. The air in the tracheal model 21 flows into the right bronchus 27 in the right lung model 23, and then enters the right alveoli 1 from the right bronchus 27, causing the right alveoli 1 to expand. When the right alveoli 1 needs to contract, the working mode of the small air pump 15 can be adjusted to achieve the deflation of the right alveoli 1 and the contraction of the right alveoli 1, thus demonstrating the process of alveolar changes during human respiration.

[0040] Control switch 49 is used to control gas exchange in the left lung, pulmonary circulation in the right lung, and simultaneous inflation and deflation of alveoli in the right lung.

[0041] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model, comprising a left lung model (22), a right lung model (23), a heart model (12), and a trachea model (21), characterized in that, It also includes interconnected support rods and control boxes. The upper end of the support rods is connected to the heart model (12). The left lung model (22) and the right lung model (23) are respectively set on both sides of the heart model (12) and the trachea model (21) and are connected to the heart model (12) and the trachea model (21).

2. The electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left lung model (22) is surrounded by a transparent lung membrane (24). The left lung model (22) contains the left bronchus (25), the left alveolus (26), the pulmonary artery, the pulmonary vein, and the left bronchus (25) which is connected to the trachea model (21). The left alveolus (26) is connected to the left bronchus (25). The pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein are located in the left lung model (22) and are connected to the left superior pulmonary vein (10) and the left inferior pulmonary vein (11) which are connected to the heart model (12), respectively.

3. The electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model according to claim 2, characterized in that, The left lung model (22) is also equipped with a three-color light strip segment 1 (4) and a three-color light strip segment 2 (5). The three-color light strip segment 1 (4) is embedded in the left bronchus (25) and extends into the left alveolus (26), and then returns from the left alveolus (26) to the left bronchus (25). The three-color light strip segment 2 (5) is set on the left pulmonary artery and vein respectively, and extends into the left alveolus (26) to converge with the three-color light strip segment 1 (4), and then continues from the left alveolus (26) along the left pulmonary artery and vein to the left superior pulmonary vein (10) and the left inferior pulmonary vein (11).

4. The electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model according to claim 3, characterized in that, LED beads that emit green, white and yellow light are installed on the first (4) and second (5) sections of the three-color LED strip.

5. A electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model according to claim 4, characterized in that, The right lung model (23) is surrounded by a transparent pulmonary membrane. The right lung model (23) contains a right bronchus (27), several right alveoli (1), right pulmonary vein (3), pulmonary vein root (14), right pulmonary artery (2), and pulmonary artery root (13). The right bronchus (27) is connected to the trachea model (21). The right alveoli (1) are connected to the right bronchus (27). The right pulmonary artery (2) and right pulmonary vein (3) are located in the right lung model (23) and are connected to the pulmonary artery root (13) and pulmonary vein root (14) respectively. The pulmonary artery root (13) and pulmonary vein root (14) are connected between the right lung model (23) and the heart model (12). The heart model (12) includes the left ventricle and the right ventricle.

6. A electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model according to claim 5, characterized in that, The right lung model (23) is also equipped with a two-color light strip (17). The two-color light strip (17) extends from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery root (13), the right pulmonary artery (2) and finally reaches the right alveolus (1), and extends through the right alveolus (1) to the right pulmonary vein (3), the pulmonary vein root (14) and finally reaches the left ventricle.

7. A electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model according to claim 6, characterized in that, The two-color light strip (17) is equipped with LED beads that can emit blue and red light.

8. The electrically driven multifunctional cardiopulmonary model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The right alveolar (1) and the left alveolar (26) are balloons.

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