Metasurface folded antenna with broadband beam scanning capability
By designing a metasurface folded antenna that includes a reconfigurable metasurface and a polarization conversion metasurface, the problem of insufficient broadband and large-angle beam scanning capability of existing antennas is solved, and broadband beam scanning effect with high gain and low profile height is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423303221.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-31
AI Technical Summary
There is limited research on existing folded antennas in terms of improving operating bandwidth and wide-angle beam scanning capabilities, especially in the area of broadband beam scanning capabilities in the 8.1-8.1 GHz range.
A metasurface folded antenna, comprising a reconfigurable metasurface, a polarization-conversion metasurface, and a linearly polarized feed antenna, was designed. Through phase compensation and polarization conversion, a beam scan of ±50° was achieved in a wide bandwidth of 8.1-11.3 GHz, with a peak gain of 17.8 dBi, an aperture efficiency of 14%, and a 3 dB gain bandwidth greater than 30%.
It achieves high gain and large-angle beam scanning capability over a wide bandwidth, reduces the profile height to 1/3 of that of traditional antennas, and has a gain loss of less than 3dB.
Smart Images
Figure CN223871706U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a folding antenna technical field especially relates to a kind of metasurface folding antenna with wideband beam scanning capability. BACKGROUND
[0002] Metamaterial is a kind of composite material designed artificially, it has the super-ordinary physical properties that natural material does not have, such as negative refractive index, negative dielectric constant, negative magnetic permeability etc. People can select suitable substrate type according to different application needs, design subwavelength scale structure of different shape, size and rotation direction.
[0003] According to subwavelength period or non-periodic array arrangement, the metamaterial designed can independently / coherently control the amplitude, phase, polarization state / direction etc. of incident electromagnetic wave / sound wave according to needs. Metasurface is a kind of two-dimensional metamaterial, can realize similar electromagnetic wave regulation and control ability with classic three-dimensional electromagnetic metamaterial. Meanwhile, folding metasurface antenna has low profile, simple structure, high gain and other advantages and is widely applied.
[0004] At present, the research of folding antenna mainly concentrates on polarization regulation and reduction of profile height, and the research on improving the working bandwidth and wide-angle beam scanning capability of antenna is less. INVENTION CONTENTS
[0005] The utility model aims at providing a kind of metasurface folding antenna with wideband beam scanning capability, it aims at realizing the wide beam scanning of ±50 in E face and H face in the wideband range of 8.1-11.3GHz, and the peak gain is 17.8dBi, aperture efficiency is 14%, and 3dB gain bandwidth is greater than 30%.
[0006] The utility model provides a kind of metasurface folding antenna with broadband beam scanning capability, including reconfigurable metasurface, polarization conversion metasurface and linear polarization feed antenna, the linear polarization feed antenna is set between the reconfigurable metasurface and the polarization conversion metasurface;The reconfigurable metasurface includes first dielectric plate, second dielectric plate, first metal grating, second metal grating and first metasurface, the first dielectric plate is set in first metal grating side, the first metasurface is set in the first metal grating side away from the first dielectric plate, the second metal grating is set in the first metasurface side away from the first dielectric plate, the second metal grating is set in the second metal grating side away from the first metasurface, the first metasurface has first metal patch unit, and the first metal patch unit is located outside the first metasurface;The polarization conversion metasurface includes third dielectric plate and two second metasurfaces, the third dielectric plate is set between two second metasurfaces, and the second metasurface has second metal patch unit, and the second metal patch unit is located outside the second metasurface;The linear polarization feed antenna includes fourth dielectric plate, fifth dielectric plate, third metasurface, fourth metasurface and metal bottom plate, the third metasurface is set in fourth dielectric plate side, the fourth metasurface is set in the fourth dielectric plate side away from the third metasurface, the fifth dielectric plate is set in the fourth metasurface side away from the fourth dielectric plate, the metal bottom plate is set in the fifth dielectric plate side away from the fourth metasurface, and the third metasurface and the fourth metasurface both have third metal patch unit, and both are located outside the third metasurface and the fourth metasurface.
[0007] Wherein, the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are F4B board, dielectric constant 2.65, loss tangent 0.003, the first dielectric plate thickness is 0.45mm, the second dielectric plate thickness is 1.61mm, and the first metal patch unit size is respectively L1=7.68mm, L2=3.69mm, L3=1.1mm, w1=1.61mm.
[0008] Wherein, the third dielectric plate is F4B board, dielectric constant 2.65, loss tangent 0.003, the third dielectric plate thickness is 2.75mm, and the second metal patch unit size is respectively P=11.25mm, L1=6.43mm, L2=2.84mm, L3=1.69mm, a1=1mm, w1=1.19mm, w2=0.53mm, w3=0.80mm.
[0009] The dielectric constant of the fourth dielectric plate and the fifth dielectric plate is 3.5, the loss tangent is 0.001, the thickness h1 of the fourth dielectric plate is 0.98 mm, the thickness h2 of the second dielectric plate is 1.77 mm, the third metal patch unit size is a=3.65 mm, b=3.25 mm, c=2.5 mm, d=7 mm, h1=0.98 mm and h2=1.77 mm.
[0010] The third super surface has a plurality of third metal patch units, and the fourth super surface has a single third metal patch unit.
[0011] The utility model discloses a kind of super surface folding antennas with broadband beam scanning capability, spherical wave is transmitted by the super surface folding antenna feed, it is converted into plane wave after phase compensation, then plane wave is converted into the pencil beam of low SLL that can be scanned, array antenna profile reduces 2 / 3, simulation experiment test is carried out, it can be in the broadband range of 8.1-11.3GHz in E face and H face Realize the beam scanning of ±50 °, peak gain is 17.8dBi, aperture efficiency is 14%, 3dB gain bandwidth is greater than 30%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below.
[0013] Figure 1 It is a unit structure schematic view of the reconfigurable super surface of the utility model, wherein a is the side view of the first metal patch unit structure, b is the front view of the first super surface, c is the front view of the first metal grating, and d is the front view of the second metal grating.
[0014] Figure 2 It is a unit structure schematic view of the broadband linear polarization conversion super surface of the utility model.
[0015] Figure 3 It is a linear polarization feed source antenna structure schematic view of the utility model, wherein a is the side view of the third metal patch unit, b is the front view of the third super surface, and c is the front view of the fourth super surface.
[0016] Figure 4 It is the transmission amplitude and phase schematic view of the reconfigurable super surface of the specific embodiment of the utility model when x polarized wave is vertically incident.
[0017] Figure 5 It is the transmission amplitude and phase schematic view of the reconfigurable super surface of the specific embodiment of the utility model when x polarized wave is obliquely incident.
[0018] Figure 6The reflection amplitude and phase schematic diagram of the polarization conversion metasurface of the embodiment of the utility model in y polarization wave vertical incidence and oblique incidence.
[0019] Figure 7 The reflection coefficient and corresponding gain schematic diagram of the linear polarization feed source antenna of the embodiment of the utility model in y polarization wave vertical incidence.
[0020] Figure 8 The far field radiation schematic diagram of the feed source antenna of the embodiment of the utility model.
[0021] Figure 9 The structure and working principle schematic diagram of the folding antenna of the embodiment of the utility model.
[0022] Figure 10 The beam deflection diagram of the electronic reconfigurable folding transmitting array of the embodiment of the utility model at 9.7GHz.
[0023] Figure 11 The beam deflection diagram of the electronic reconfigurable folding transmitting array of the embodiment of the utility model at 8.1GHz.
[0024] Figure 12 The beam deflection diagram of the electronic reconfigurable folding transmitting array of the embodiment of the utility model at 8.9GHz.
[0025] Figure 13 The beam deflection diagram of the electronic reconfigurable folding transmitting array of the embodiment of the utility model at 10.5GHz.
[0026] Figure 14 The beam deflection diagram of the electronic reconfigurable folding transmitting array of the embodiment of the utility model at 11.3GHz.
[0027] In the drawing: 1-reconfigurable metasurface, 2-polarization conversion metasurface, 3-linear polarization feed source antenna, 4-first dielectric plate, 5-second dielectric plate, 6-first metal grating, 7-second metal grating, 8-first metasurface, 9-first metal patch unit, 10-third dielectric plate, 11-second metasurface, 12-second metal patch unit, 13-fourth dielectric plate, 14-fifth dielectric plate, 15-third metasurface, 16-fourth metasurface, 17-metal bottom plate, 18-third metal patch unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numbers represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.
[0029] Referring to Figures 1 to 14 The utility model provides a kind of metasurface folding antenna with broadband beam scanning capability, including reconfigurable metasurface 1, polarization conversion metasurface 2 and linear polarization feed antenna 3, the linear polarization feed antenna 3 is set between the reconfigurable metasurface 1 and the polarization conversion metasurface 2;The reconfigurable metasurface 1 includes first dielectric plate 4, second dielectric plate 5, first metal grating 6, second metal grating 7 and first metasurface 8, the first dielectric plate 4 is set on the side of the first metal grating 6, the first metasurface 8 is set on the side of the first metal grating 6 away from the first dielectric plate 4, the second metal grating 7 is set on the side of the first metasurface 8 away from the first dielectric plate 4, the second metal grating 7 is set on the side of the second metal grating 7 away from the first metasurface 8, the first metasurface 8 has first metal patch unit 9, and the first metal patch unit 9 is located on the outside of the first metasurface 8;The polarization conversion metasurface 2 includes third dielectric plate 10 and two second metasurfaces 11, the third dielectric plate 10 is set between two second metasurfaces 11, the second metasurface 11 has second metal patch unit 12, and the second metal patch unit 12 is located on the outside of the second metasurface 11;The linear polarization feed antenna 3 includes fourth dielectric plate 13, fifth dielectric plate 14, third metasurface 15, fourth metasurface 16 and metal bottom plate 17, the third metasurface 15 is set on the side of the fourth dielectric plate 13, the fourth metasurface 16 is set on the side of the fourth dielectric plate 13 away from the third metasurface 15, the fifth dielectric plate 14 is set on the side of the fourth metasurface 16 away from the fourth dielectric plate 13, the metal bottom plate 17 is set on the side of the fifth dielectric plate 14 away from the fourth metasurface 16, and the third metasurface 15 and the fourth metasurface 16 all have third metal patch unit 18, and all are located on the outside of the third metasurface 15 and the fourth metasurface 16.
[0030] In the embodiment, the second metal patch unit 12 structure is arranged in a periodic manner along the u direction and the v direction respectively, the u direction is arranged at an angle of 45° with the x direction, and the v direction is arranged at an angle of 45° with the y direction. The spherical wave emitted by the super surface folding antenna feed source is converted into a plane wave through phase compensation, and then the plane wave is converted into a scannable low SLL pencil beam. The array antenna profile is reduced by 2 / 3. Through simulation experiment test, the beam scanning range of ±50° can be realized in the E plane and the H plane in a wide band range of 8.1-11.3 GHz, the peak gain is 17.8 dBi, the aperture efficiency is 14%, and the 3dB gain bandwidth is greater than 30%.
[0031] Further, the first dielectric plate 4 and the second dielectric plate 5 are F4B plates, the dielectric constant is 2.65, and the loss tangent is 0.003. The thickness of the first dielectric plate 4 is 0.45 mm, the thickness of the second dielectric plate 5 is 1.61 mm, and the size of the first metal patch unit 9 is L1=7.68 mm, L2=3.69 mm, L3=1.1 mm, and w1=1.61 mm respectively.
[0032] In the embodiment, the first metal grating 6 and the second metal grating 7 serve as polarizers and are arranged orthogonally to each other. The first metal grating 6 is used for transmitting y polarized waves and reflecting x polarized waves, and the second metal grating 7 is used for transmitting x polarized waves and reflecting y polarized waves. The first super surface 8 can perform polarization conversion on electromagnetic waves. The first metal patch unit 9 in the form of a split ring is arranged in order on the first super surface 8, and a diode is loaded on two split openings. The two diodes have opposite bias states relative to each other, and a phase difference of 180° is realized by controlling the on-off state of the diode. The metal layer of the first metal patch unit 9 can be made of gold, silver, copper or the like. In practical applications, copper is often selected, and the thickness is 0.035 mm and the electrical conductivity is 5.8×10^7 S / m. The geometric size parameters of the first metal patch unit 9 are adapted to the frequency band to be realized, and the corresponding parameters are adjusted appropriately for different frequency bands.
[0033] Through software simulation calculation, as shown in the following table: Figure 4
[0034] In the simulation, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric plate 4 and the second dielectric plate 5 is set to 2.65, the loss tangent is 0.003, the thickness of the first dielectric plate 4 is 0.45 mm, and the thickness of the second dielectric plate 5 is 1.61 mm. The structure of the first metal grating 6 and the second metal grating 7 is copper foil, and the conductivity is 5.8*10^7 S / m. The geometric parameters of the first metal patch unit 9 are P=22.5 mm, L1=7.68 mm, L2=3.69 mm, L3=1.1 mm, and w1=1.61 mm. The ON state of the diode is modeled as a series connection of a 7.8Ω resistor and a 0.03nH inductor, and the OFF state is a series connection of a 0.025pF capacitor and a 0.03nH inductor.
[0035] In order to study the performance of the device, the transmission coefficient amplitude and phase of the reconfigurable metasurface 1 unit when x-polarized wave is incident are simulated by using CST microwave studio, and the results are shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 . Figure 4 The results shown in indicate that the cross-polarization transmission amplitude (Txy) of the reconfigurable metasurface 1 in the frequency range of 8.1-11.3 GHz is greater than -3dB, and the phase difference between the "1" state and the "0" state is stable at 180° ("1" state means that diode 1 is on and diode 2 is off, and the diode switching state of "0" state is opposite to state "1"). In summary, the reconfigurable metasurface 1 has good polarization conversion performance in the range of 8.1-11.3 GHz and can realize 1-bit phase encoding, and the relative bandwidth is 33%.
[0036] Figure 5 The transmission performance of the reconfigurable metasurface 1 under oblique incidence has an important influence on the radiation performance and wide-angle scanning ability of the antenna. In order to study the polarization conversion performance of the device under wide incidence angle, the transmission coefficient of the device when the incidence angle changes in the range of 0-45° is further studied. The electromagnetic characteristics of the reconfigurable metasurface 1 under different incidence angles are simulated by using CST microwave studio, and the results are shown in . The results show that when the incidence angle is less than 30°, the cross-polarization transmission amplitude decreases by less than 0.5dB, and the phase error is less than 30°; when the incidence angle is 45°, the cross-polarization transmission amplitude in the range of 8.1GHz-11.3GHz is greater than -2.5dB, and the relative bandwidth is 33%, showing good angle stability.
[0037] In summary, the reconfigurable metasurface 1 has good polarization conversion performance in a wide frequency range and can realize 1-bit phase encoding.
[0038] Further, the third dielectric plate 10 is an F4B plate with a dielectric constant of 2.65 and a loss tangent of 0.003, the third dielectric plate 10 has a thickness of 2.75 mm, and the second metal patch unit 12 has a size of P = 11.25 mm, L1 = 6.43 mm, L2 = 2.84 mm, L3 = 1.69 mm, a1 = 1 mm, w1 = 1.19 mm, w2 = 0.53 mm, and w3 = 0.80 mm.
[0039] In the embodiment, the second metal patch unit 12 is arranged in an open wrench shape and loaded with a cross-shaped structure on each side. The metal layer of the second metal patch unit 12 can be made of gold, silver, copper or the like, and copper is usually selected in practical applications, with a thickness of 0.035 mm and an electrical conductivity of 5.8 x 10^7 S / m. The geometric size parameters of the second metal patch unit 12 are adapted to the frequency band to be achieved, and the corresponding parameters are adjusted appropriately for different frequency bands.
[0040] The simulation results are shown in FIG. 8. Figure 6
[0041] In the simulation, the dielectric constant of the third dielectric plate 10 is set to 2.65 and the loss is 0.003. Both the second metasurface 11 are copper foils with an electrical conductivity of 5.8 x 10^7 S / m. The second metal patch unit 12 has a size of P = 11.25 mm, L1 = 6.43 mm, L2 = 2.84 mm, L3 = 1.69 mm, a1 = 1 mm, w1 = 1.19 mm, w2 = 0.53 mm, and w3 = 0.80 mm.
[0042] To study the performance of the device, the reflection coefficient amplitude and reflection phase of the polarization conversion metasurface 2 under y-polarized wave vertical incidence are simulated by using the CST microwave studio. The results are shown in FIG. 9. Figure 6 The results show that the cross-polarization reflection coefficient amplitude of the polarization conversion metasurface 2 is greater than -1 dB in the operating frequency range of 8.1-11.3 GHz, and the polarization conversion rate is close to 1 at some frequency points.
[0043] The oblique incidence performance of the metasurface linear polarization converter is crucial to the antenna radiation characteristics. To study the polarization conversion performance of the polarization conversion metasurface 2 under wide incidence angles, the reflection coefficient of the device is further studied when the incidence angle changes in the range of 0-45°. The polarization conversion metasurface 2 is simulated under different incidence angles by using the CST microwave studio, and the results are shown in FIG. 10. Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 6, when the oblique incidence angle increases from 0° to 45°, the corresponding cross-polarization reflection amplitude decreases by less than 0.5 dB, the phase error is less than 45°, and the co-polarization reflection coefficient amplitude is also less than -10 dB. In summary, the polarization conversion metasurface 2 can achieve efficient polarization conversion in the operating frequency range of 8.1-11.3 GHz.
[0044] Further, the dielectric constant of the fourth dielectric plate 13 and the fifth dielectric plate 14 is 3.5, the loss tangent is 0.001, the thickness h1 of the fourth dielectric plate 13 is 0.98 mm, the thickness h2 of the second dielectric plate is 1.77 mm, and the sizes of the third metal patch unit 18 are p=22.5 mm, a=3.65 mm, b=3.25 mm, c=2.5 mm, d=7 mm, h1=0.98 mm, and h2=1.77 mm.
[0045] In the present embodiment, the third super surface 15 has a plurality of third metal patch units 18 thereon, and the fourth super surface 16 has a single third metal patch unit 18 thereon. The third metal patch unit 18 can be made of gold, silver, copper, or the like, and in practical applications, copper is often selected, with a thickness of 0.035 mm and an electrical conductivity of 5.8×10^7 S / m. The thickness h1 of the fourth dielectric plate 13 is 0.98 mm, the thickness h2 of the fifth dielectric plate 14 is 1.77 mm, the dielectric constant of the fourth dielectric plate 13 and the fifth dielectric plate 14 is 3.5, and the loss is 0.001.
[0046] The geometric size parameters of the linearly polarized feed antenna 3 are adapted to the frequency band to be achieved, and the antenna size is equivalent to the size of four polarization conversion metasurface 2 units.
[0047] Through software simulation calculation, as shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8, the reflection coefficient (S11) and gain (Gain) of the linearly polarized feed antenna 3 are simulated. Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8:
[0048] In the simulation, the dielectric constant of the fourth dielectric plate 13 and the fifth dielectric plate 14 is set to 3.5, and the loss is 0.001. The third super surface 15, the fourth super surface 16, and the metal bottom plate 17 are all copper foils, with an electrical conductivity of 5.8×10^7 S / m. The geometric parameters of the linearly polarized feed antenna 3 are P=22.5 mm, a=3.65 mm, b=3.25 mm, c=2.5 mm, d=7 mm, h1=0.98 mm, and h2=1.77 mm.
[0049] In order to study the performance of the linearly polarized feed antenna 3, the reflection coefficient (S11) and gain (Gain) of the linearly polarized feed antenna 3 are simulated using the CST microwave studio, and the results are shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8. Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8:Figure 7 The results shown indicate that the corresponding reflection coefficient is less than -10 dB in the range of 8.1-11.3 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 33%. Two resonance points appear in the operating frequency band range, with frequencies of 8.5 GHz and 10.5 GHz, respectively, which expands the impedance bandwidth of the feed source. On the other hand, the gain of the linear polarization feed antenna 3 is always greater than 6.72 dBi in the range of 8.1-11.3 GHz, and the radiation patterns in the xoz plane and yoz plane are as shown in Figure 8 The maximum gain is 6.9 dBi. In summary, the linear polarization feed antenna 3 has good radiation performance in the range of 8.1-11.3 GHz.
[0050] The reconfigurable metasurface 1, the polarization conversion metasurface 2, and the linear polarization feed antenna 3 are combined together in the manner of Figure 9 Based on the theory of converting spherical waves into plane waves and beam deflection, the phase compensation values of each unit structure in the reconfigurable metasurface 1 for electromagnetic waves under different beam scanning angles are calculated. The phase compensation result expression of the (m, n)th unit is:
[0051] wherein, is the required compensation phase of each unit of the metasurface, is the coordinate of the (m, n)th metasurface unit, is the pitch angle of the radiation beam, is the azimuth angle of the radiation beam. is the propagation constant in vacuum, is the distance from the phase center of the feed source to the center of the ith unit, assuming that the coordinate of the phase center of the feed source is , is the center coordinate of the ith unit, so The calculation formula of is as follows:
[0052]
[0053] The CST microwave studio is used to simulate the beam deflection effect of the folded transmitting array antenna in the operating frequency range of 8.1-11.3 GHz, and the results are as shown in Figures 9-13 .
[0054] When theta (beam deflection angle) increases from -50° to 50°, Figure 10 The results show that the peak gain of the simulation at 9.7 GHz is 15.2, 17, 17.1, 17.6, 18, 15.9, and 15.8 dBi, respectively. Figure 11The results show that the simulated peak gains at 8.1 GHz are 12.3, 15.3, 15, 14.5, 12.8 dBi, respectively; Figure 12 The results show that the simulated peak gains at 8.9 GHz are 14.3, 15.4, 15.5, 15.3, 14.1 dBi, respectively; Figure 13 The results show that the simulated peak gains at 10.5 GHz are 14.8, 15.3, 16.7, 15.2, 14.8 dBi, respectively; Figure 14 The results show that the simulated peak gains at 11.3 GHz are 12.4, 15, 15.1, 14.3, 12.6 dBi, respectively. It can be seen that the gain decreases continuously with the increase of the beam deflection angle, and the gain loss is less than 3 dB. In the scanning range of 0°-30°, the side lobe level is less than-10 dB. When the maximum scanning angle is 50, the maximum side lobe level at 9.7 GHz is-7.9 dB, and the maximum side lobe level at other frequency points is 5 dB.
[0055] In summary, the metasurface folded antenna with wideband beam scanning capability can realize wide-angle beam scanning, high gain and profile height reduction to 1 / 3 of the traditional antenna in a wideband range.
[0056] The above only discloses a preferred embodiment of the metasurface folded antenna with wideband beam scanning capability, and cannot limit the scope of the application. Those skilled in the art can understand that the implementation of all or part of the above processes, and the equivalent changes made according to the claims of the application, still belong to the scope covered by the application.
Claims
1. A metasurface compact antenna with broadband beam scanning capability, characterized in that ； The application relates to a reconfigurable metasurface, a polarization conversion metasurface and a linear polarization feed antenna, wherein the linear polarization feed antenna is arranged between the reconfigurable metasurface and the polarization conversion metasurface. The reconfigurable metasurface comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a first metal grating, a second metal grating and a first metasurface, the first dielectric plate is arranged on one side of the first metal grating, the first metasurface is arranged on the side of the first metal grating away from the first dielectric plate, the second metal grating is arranged on the side of the first metasurface away from the first dielectric plate, the second metal grating is arranged on the side of the second metal grating away from the first metasurface, the first metasurface is provided with a first metal patch unit, and the first metal patch unit is located outside the first metasurface. The polarization conversion metasurface comprises a third dielectric plate and two second metasurfaces, the third dielectric plate is arranged between the two second metasurfaces, the second metasurface is provided with a second metal patch unit, and the second metal patch unit is located outside the second metasurface. The linear polarization feed antenna comprises a fourth dielectric plate, a fifth dielectric plate, a third metasurface, a fourth metasurface and a metal bottom plate, the third metasurface is arranged on one side of the fourth dielectric plate, the fourth metasurface is arranged on the side of the fourth dielectric plate away from the third metasurface, the fifth dielectric plate is arranged on the side of the fourth metasurface away from the fourth dielectric plate, the metal bottom plate is arranged on the side of the fifth dielectric plate away from the fourth metasurface, the third metasurface and the fourth metasurface are both provided with a third metal patch unit, and the third metal patch unit is located outside the third metasurface and the fourth metasurface.
2. The metasurface compact antenna with broadband beam scanning capability of claim 1, wherein ； The first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are F4B plates with a dielectric constant of 2.65 and a loss tangent of 0.003, the first dielectric plate has a thickness of 0.45 mm, the second dielectric plate has a thickness of 1.61 mm, and the first metal patch unit has a size of L1=7.68 mm, L2=3.69 mm, L3=1.1 mm and w1=1.61 mm.
3. The metasurface compact antenna with broadband beam scanning capability of claim 1, wherein ； The third dielectric plate is an F4B plate with a dielectric constant of 2.65 and a loss tangent of 0.003, the third dielectric plate has a thickness of 2.75 mm, and the second metal patch unit has a size of P=11.25 mm, L1=6.43 mm, L2=2.84 mm, L3=1.69 mm, a1=1 mm, w1=1.19 mm, w2=0.53 mm and w3=0.80 mm.
4. The metasurface compact antenna with broadband beam scanning capability of claim 2, wherein ； The fourth dielectric plate and the fifth dielectric plate have a dielectric constant of 3.5 and a loss tangent of 0.001, the fourth dielectric plate has a thickness h1 of 0.98 mm, the second dielectric plate has a thickness h2 of 1.77 mm, and the third metal patch unit has a size of a=3.65 mm, b=3.25 mm, c=2.5 mm, d=7 mm, h1=0.98 mm and h2=1.77 mm.
5. The metasurface compact antenna with broadband beam scanning capability of claim 1, wherein ； The third metasurface is provided with a plurality of third metal patch units, and the fourth metasurface is provided with a single third metal patch unit.