Coaxial dual-polarized chamber antenna and communication device

Abstract

The application provides a co-boresight dual-polarized indoor antenna and a communication device, the co-boresight dual-polarized indoor antenna comprising a vertical polarization antenna, a horizontal polarization antenna and a feeding structure, the vertical polarization antenna comprising a metal floor, a triangular metal plate, a plurality of grounded metal columns and a first copper cladding layer, the triangular metal plate and the plurality of grounded metal columns being arranged between the metal floor and the first copper cladding layer; the horizontal polarization antenna comprising a double-layer dielectric plate and a slot array, the bottom of the double-layer dielectric plate being covered with copper to form the first copper cladding layer, and the slot array being arranged on the top of the double-layer dielectric plate; the horizontal polarization antenna and the vertical polarization antenna are arranged in a co-boresight mode, the structure is simple, and the volume is small; the feeding structure comprises a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure, the first feeding structure being connected with the vertical polarization antenna, and the second feeding structure being connected with the horizontal polarization antenna; the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are arranged in a non-overlapping mode on the metal floor, so that coupling interference is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna and communication equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of 5G communication technology, indoor distributed antenna systems (DAS) are placing higher demands on antenna performance. DAS antennas need to simultaneously cover Sub-6GHz (e.g., 1.78GHz-2.08GHz, 4.02GHz-7.97GHz) and millimeter-wave bands (e.g., 25.65GHz-27.05GHz) to meet multi-band communication requirements. In complex indoor environments (such as shopping malls, office buildings, and subways), antennas must possess omnidirectional radiation characteristics, high isolation (to suppress inter-antenna interference), and a compact structure to adapt to limited installation space. Furthermore, antennas need to reduce size through a common-aperture design while achieving dual polarization (vertical / horizontal polarization) to enhance resistance to multipath fading and ensure the stability of the communication link.

[0003] In existing technologies, a discrete antenna element combination architecture is typically used. Metal monopole radiating elements are manufactured using computer numerical control (CNC) technology to achieve vertical polarization, while dipole radiating elements are fabricated using printed circuit board technology to achieve horizontal polarization. Finally, a dual-polarized common-aperture radiating system is integrated through a complex assembly process. Alternatively, multiple radiating elements are integrated on a single-layer dielectric substrate to reduce the antenna profile height.

[0004] However, existing indoor distributed antenna systems still face challenges such as insufficient bandwidth coverage, inter-antenna coupling interference, and complex structures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna and communication equipment to solve the technical problems of insufficient bandwidth coverage, inter-antenna coupling interference, and complex structure of existing indoor distributed antennas.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna, including a vertically polarized antenna, a horizontally polarized antenna, and a feeding structure. The vertically polarized antenna includes a metal ground plane, a conical radiating element, multiple grounded metal pillars, and a first copper-clad layer. The conical radiating element and the multiple grounded metal pillars are disposed between the metal ground plane and the first copper-clad layer. The horizontally polarized antenna includes a double-layer dielectric substrate and a slot array. The bottom of the double-layer dielectric substrate is copper-clad to form the first copper-clad layer, and the slot array is disposed on the top of the double-layer dielectric substrate. The horizontally polarized antenna and the vertically polarized antenna are configured with the same aperture. The feeding structure includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure. The first feeding structure is connected to the vertically polarized antenna, and the second feeding structure is connected to the horizontally polarized antenna. The first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are arranged in a non-overlapping layout on the metal ground plane.

[0007] The common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna provided in this application includes a vertically polarized antenna and a horizontally polarized antenna. The horizontally polarized antenna is disposed above the vertically polarized antenna and shares the same first copper layer. It has a simple structure, omnidirectional radiation characteristics, and a wider bandwidth. At the same time, the vertically polarized antenna is fed through a first feeding structure, and the horizontally polarized antenna is fed through a second feeding structure. The first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are arranged in a non-overlapping layout on the metal floor, which can avoid coupling interference.

[0008] As an alternative implementation, the conical radiating oscillator includes two triangular metal plates that are inverted and perpendicularly intersecting each other. The bottom of the triangular metal plates is connected to a metal ground plate, and the top of the triangular metal plates is connected to a first copper-clad layer.

[0009] This configuration, using two inverted, vertically intersecting triangular metal plates, creates a deformed structure similar to a single-cone radiating oscillator, which can radiate signals.

[0010] As an alternative implementation, the bottom surface of the triangular metal plate is provided with a boss and a gasket, the boss is connected to the metal floor, and the gasket is disposed between the boss and the bottom of the triangular metal plate.

[0011] A first interface is provided at the center of the side of the metal floor away from the triangular metal plate. The first interface is used to connect a coaxial probe. The coaxial probe passes through the metal floor, the boss and the gasket, and connects with the triangular metal plate to form a first power supply structure.

[0012] This setup allows the triangular metal plate to be fixed with shims, increasing structural stability; and the boss enables impedance conversion.

[0013] As an alternative implementation, multiple grounded metal posts are arranged at central intervals around a metal floor, and the grounded metal posts are used to support the horizontally polarized antenna.

[0014] One of the multiple grounding metal posts is an axially hollow post, which is used to pass through a coaxial bare wire probe.

[0015] This configuration allows the horizontally polarized antenna to be supported by multiple grounded metal pillars, improving structural stability.

[0016] As an optional implementation, the double-layer dielectric substrate includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate. The bottom surface of the first dielectric substrate is copper-clad to form a first copper-clad layer, copper is clad between the first and second dielectric substrates to form a second copper-clad layer, and the top surface of the second dielectric substrate is copper-clad to form a third copper-clad layer.

[0017] This configuration, with three copper cladding layers forming dielectric layers on both sides, results in a simple structure and reduces the overall size.

[0018] As an optional implementation, the first dielectric substrate includes a first metal pillar, and the first metal pillar, a first copper clad layer, and a second copper clad layer surround to form a first resonant cavity.

[0019] The second dielectric substrate includes a second metal pillar, and the second metal pillar, the second copper cladding layer, and the third copper cladding layer surround to form a second resonant cavity.

[0020] This configuration allows for easy generation of dual-frequency response or expansion of antenna bandwidth through two resonant cavities, and only requires one feed point, simplifying the feed network.

[0021] As an optional implementation, the first dielectric substrate is further provided with a plurality of third metal pillars, which are disposed in the first resonant cavity for impedance matching.

[0022] The second dielectric substrate is also provided with multiple fourth metal pillars, which are located in the second resonant cavity and are used to match the impedance; the multiple fourth metal pillars divide the second resonant cavity into multiple small resonant cavities.

[0023] With this setup, impedance matching can be achieved through the third and fourth metal pillars, while the second resonant cavity is divided into multiple small resonant cavities, creating multiple independently controllable and non-interfering output ports.

[0024] As an optional implementation, the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity are connected by a coaxial structure, which includes a circular hole disposed in the second copper-clad layer and a metal pillar disposed at the center of the circular hole.

[0025] This configuration allows for impedance matching between the two resonant cavities via a coaxial structure, enabling energy to pass through smoothly.

[0026] As an optional implementation, a second interface is provided on the side of the metal floor away from the hollow column. The second interface is used for connecting the coaxial bare wire probe to the first copper cladding layer through the hollow column.

[0027] With this configuration, a second power supply structure is formed through the second interface and the hollow column. The eccentric setting of the second power supply structure helps to reduce the isolation.

[0028] Secondly, this application provides a communication device, including the above-mentioned common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna and a radio frequency front-end module, wherein the radio frequency front-end module is connected to the common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna.

[0029] This application provides a common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna and communication equipment. The common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna includes a vertically polarized antenna, a horizontally polarized antenna, and a feeding structure. The vertically polarized antenna includes a metal ground plane, a triangular metal plate, multiple grounding metal pillars, and a first copper-clad layer. The triangular metal plate and multiple grounding metal pillars are disposed between the metal ground plane and the first copper-clad layer. The horizontally polarized antenna includes a double-layer dielectric substrate and a slot array. The bottom of the double-layer dielectric substrate is copper-clad to form the first copper-clad layer, and the slot array is disposed on the top of the double-layer dielectric substrate. The horizontally polarized antenna and the vertically polarized antenna are configured with the same aperture, resulting in a simple structure and small size. The feeding structure includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure. The first feeding structure is connected to the vertically polarized antenna, and the second feeding structure is connected to the horizontally polarized antenna. The first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are arranged in a non-overlapping layout on the metal ground plane to avoid coupling interference.

[0030] In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of this application, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions described above, other technical problems that can be solved by the common aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna and communication equipment provided by this application, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further explained in detail in the specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a common-aperture dual-polarization indoor distribution antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 A side view of a common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distribution antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first resonant cavity provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second resonant cavity provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 S-parameter distribution diagram of the SUB-6GHz band provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 6The S-parameter distribution diagram of the millimeter-wave frequency band provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 The radiation pattern of the common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 10-Common Aperture Dual-Polarized Indoor Distribution Antenna;

[0041] 100 - Vertically polarized antenna; 110 - Metal ground plane; 111 - First interface; 112 - Second interface; 120 - Conical radiating element; 121 - Triangular metal plate; 122 - Gasket; 123 - Boss; 130 - Grounding metal post; 131 - Coaxial bare wire probe;

[0042] 200 - Horizontally polarized antenna; 210 - Double-layer dielectric substrate; 211 - First dielectric substrate; 2111 - First metal pillar; 2112 - Third metal pillar; 212 - Second dielectric substrate; 2121 - Second metal pillar; 2122 - Fourth metal pillar; 213 - First copper cladding layer; 214 - Second copper cladding layer; 215 - Third copper cladding layer; 216 - Coaxial line structure input opening; 217 - Coaxial line structure output opening; 218 - Slot array; 219 - Fifth metal pillar; 220 - First resonant cavity; 230 - Second resonant cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0045] The terms "first," "second," and "third" (if any) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as a process, method, system, product, or maintenance tool that includes a series of steps or units, not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or maintenance tool.

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] With the rapid development of 5G communication technology, indoor distributed antenna systems (DAS) are placing higher demands on antenna performance. DAS antennas need to simultaneously cover Sub-6GHz (e.g., 1.78GHz-2.08GHz, 4.02GHz-7.97GHz) and millimeter-wave bands (e.g., 25.65GHz-27.05GHz) to meet multi-band communication requirements. In complex indoor environments (such as shopping malls, office buildings, and subways), antennas must possess omnidirectional radiation characteristics, high isolation (to suppress inter-antenna interference), and a compact structure to adapt to limited installation space. Furthermore, antennas need to reduce size through a common-aperture design while achieving dual polarization (vertical / horizontal polarization) to enhance resistance to multipath fading and ensure the stability of the communication link.

[0049] In existing technologies, a discrete antenna element combination architecture is typically used. Metal monopole radiating elements are manufactured using computer numerical control (CNC) technology to achieve vertical polarization, while dipole radiating elements are fabricated using printed circuit board technology to achieve horizontal polarization. Finally, a dual-polarized common-aperture radiating system is integrated through a complex assembly process. Alternatively, multiple radiating elements are integrated on a single-layer dielectric substrate to reduce the antenna profile height.

[0050] However, existing indoor distributed antenna systems still face challenges such as insufficient bandwidth coverage, inter-antenna coupling interference, and complex structures.

[0051] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna and communication device. The common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna includes a vertically polarized antenna and a horizontally polarized antenna. The horizontally polarized antenna is disposed above the vertically polarized antenna and shares a first copper layer. It has a simple structure, omnidirectional radiation characteristics, wider bandwidth, and smaller size. Meanwhile, the vertically polarized antenna is fed through a first feeding structure, and the horizontally polarized antenna is fed through a second feeding structure. The first and second feeding structures are non-overlapping on the metal floor, which can avoid coupling interference.

[0052] First, the terms used in this application will be explained.

[0053] Metal ground plane: refers to the circular metal ground plane used to provide the bottom of the antenna, serving as the reflector and support for a monoconical antenna.

[0054] Triangular metal plate: refers to a variant of a single-cone antenna that provides antenna radiation. Its shape is similar to a single-cone radiating element, formed by two inverted identical triangular metal plates intersecting perpendicularly.

[0055] SIW resonant cavity: The SIW resonant cavity is formed by metal pillars and copper layers on the top and bottom sides of a dielectric substrate. It is used to provide omnidirectional energy transmission for a horizontally polarized antenna. The cavity is divided into two parts, which are connected by an SIW-coaxial-SIW structure to transfer the energy fed in from the back of the metal ground plane to the central axis.

[0056] Slot array: refers to a radiating slot structure used to provide a horizontally polarized electric field. The antenna consists of four arc-shaped slots, which are distributed around the coaxial structure and located above the four small resonant cavities inside the upper square SIW resonant cavity.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a common-aperture dual-polarization indoor distribution antenna provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A side view of a common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distribution antenna provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first resonant cavity provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second resonant cavity provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 S-parameter distribution diagram of the SUB-6GHz band provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 The S-parameter distribution diagram of the millimeter-wave frequency band provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 The radiation pattern of the common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0058] See Figures 1 to 4As shown, this application provides a common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna 10 for communication equipment. The common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna 10 includes a vertically polarized antenna 100, a horizontally polarized antenna 200, and a feeding structure. The vertically polarized antenna 100 includes a metal ground plane 110, a conical radiating element 120, and a first copper cladding layer 213. A triangular metal plate 121 and a plurality of grounding metal posts 130 are disposed between the metal ground plane 110 and the first copper cladding layer 213.

[0059] It should be noted that the metal floor 110 can be circular. The metal floor 110 is arranged parallel to the first copper clad layer 213. The multiple grounding metal posts 130 and the triangular metal plate 121 are all arranged perpendicular to the metal floor 110. One end of the multiple grounding metal posts 130 and the triangular metal plate 121 is connected to the metal floor 110, and the other end is connected to the first copper clad layer 213. The grounding metal posts 130 are used for support, and the triangular metal plate 121 is used for radiating electromagnetic waves.

[0060] The horizontally polarized antenna 200 includes a double-layer dielectric substrate 210 and a slot array 218. The bottom of the double-layer dielectric substrate 210 is copper-clad to form a first copper-clad layer 213, and the slot array 218 is disposed on the top of the double-layer dielectric substrate 210. The horizontally polarized antenna 200 and the vertically polarized antenna 100 are configured with the same aperture.

[0061] It should be noted that the double-layer dielectric substrate 210 is used to support and integrate the feed path. The double-layer dielectric substrate 210 is provided with a dual resonant cavity structure. The dual resonant cavity structure is used to filter specific frequencies, store electromagnetic energy, and provide a pure and stable signal source for antenna radiation. The slot array 218 is disposed on the top of the double-layer dielectric substrate 210 and is connected to the resonant cavity for radiating electromagnetic waves.

[0062] In some embodiments, the metal ground plane 110 has a diameter of 110 mm and a height of 16 mm. The vertically polarized antenna 100 covers the frequency bands of 1.78 GHz-2.08 GHz and 4.02 GHz-7.97 GHz, while the horizontally polarized antenna 200 covers the frequency band of 25.65 GHz-27.05 GHz. The vertically polarized antenna 100 and the horizontally polarized antenna 200 share the same aperture, which helps to reduce the overall size. The vertically polarized antenna 100 and the horizontally polarized antenna 200 provide sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave frequency bands, which can reduce signal dead zones and improve overall communication efficiency.

[0063] The feeding structure of the common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna 10 includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure. The first feeding structure is connected to the vertically polarized antenna 100, and the second feeding structure is connected to the horizontally polarized antenna 200. The first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are arranged in a non-overlapping layout.

[0064] It is understood that the first and second feeding structures are arranged in a non-overlapping layout, and the vertically polarized antenna 100 and the horizontally polarized antenna 200 are arranged in layers, which helps to reduce coupling interference. In this embodiment, the isolation of the dual-polarized antenna is less than -50dB, which has good anti-interference capability.

[0065] The vertically polarized antenna 100 shares the same aperture as the horizontally polarized antenna 200, and shares the first copper layer 213 and the grounding metal post 130, thereby expanding the bandwidth while reducing the overall size. Meanwhile, the feeding structure of the horizontally polarized antenna 200 can serve as part of the impedance matching of the vertically polarized antenna 100.

[0066] As one possible implementation, the conical radiating oscillator 120 includes two triangular metal plates 121, which are inverted and perpendicularly intersecting each other. The bottom of the triangular metal plates 121 is connected to the metal floor 110, and the top of the triangular metal plates 121 is connected to the first copper clad layer 213.

[0067] It is understandable that the top of the two triangular metal plates 121 is the wider side, and the bottom of the two triangular metal plates 121 is the vertex of the triangle. The two triangles are arranged in a cross shape, similar to an inverted cone. According to electromagnetic theory, the single-cone antenna achieves a high bandwidth because its gradually changing radiating surface allows for a smooth change in antenna impedance. Using two perpendicularly intersecting triangular metal plates 121 can retain the gradually changing radiating surface on the side of the single-cone antenna, while also saving materials and facilitating processing. According to the single-cone antenna extended bandwidth theory, since the vertically polarized antenna 100 is a dual-frequency antenna, loading a metal disk above the single-cone antenna is equivalent to extending the radiating surface to increase its high-frequency bandwidth. Loading a grounded metal increases the antenna's inductance to balance the capacitance, and the grounded metal pillar 130 increases its low-frequency bandwidth. In this vertically polarized antenna 100, the metal disk loaded above is the first copper-clad layer 213.

[0068] As one possible implementation, the bottom surface of the triangular metal plate 121 is provided with a boss 123 and a gasket 122. The boss is connected to the metal floor 110, and the gasket 122 is disposed between the boss 123 and the bottom of the triangular metal plate 121.

[0069] It should be noted that both the boss 123 and the gasket 122 are hollow cylindrical structures. The tips of the two triangular metal plates 121 are engaged in the through holes of the gasket 122 for fixation, and the gasket 122 also plays a certain role in impedance matching; the boss 123 is used to achieve impedance transformation. The gasket 122 can be made of plastic, and the boss 123 can be made of metal.

[0070] The vertices of the two triangular metal plates 121 are located at the center of the metal top plate. A first interface 111 is located at the center of the side of the metal base plate 110 opposite to the triangular metal plates 121, i.e., the first interface 111 is located at a circular position on the metal base plate 110. The first interface 111 is an SMA (Sub-Miniature Version A) interface, which is a small, threaded coaxial RF connector. The first interface 111 is used to connect a coaxial probe. The coaxial probe passes through the metal base plate 110, the boss 123, and the gasket 122, and connects to the triangular metal plates 121 to form a first power supply structure.

[0071] As one possible implementation, multiple grounding metal posts 130 are arranged at intervals around the center of the metal floor 110, and the grounding metal posts 130 are used to support the horizontally polarized antenna 200; one of the multiple grounding metal posts 130 is an axially hollow post, and the hollow post is used to pass through the coaxial bare wire probe 131.

[0072] In some embodiments, there may be four grounding metal posts 130, arranged around two triangular metal plates 121, meaning the projections of the four grounding metal posts 130 onto the metal floor 110 are spaced apart around the center of the metal floor 110. One grounding metal post 130 may be a hollow structure, forming a hollow post, for passing through the coaxial bare wire probe 131. The hollow post is eccentrically positioned, maintaining a certain distance from the center of the metal floor 110.

[0073] It should be noted that the double-layer dielectric substrate 210 includes a first dielectric substrate 211 and a second dielectric substrate 212. Both the first dielectric substrate 211 and the second dielectric substrate 212 are circular. The first dielectric substrate 211 is located below the second dielectric substrate 212. The bottom, middle and top of the first dielectric substrate 211 and the second dielectric substrate 212 are all covered with copper layers. The bottom surface of the first dielectric substrate 211 is covered with copper to form a first copper layer 213. The space between the first dielectric substrate 211 and the second dielectric substrate 212 is covered with copper to form a second copper layer 214. The top surface of the second dielectric substrate 212 is covered with copper to form a third copper layer 215.

[0074] As one possible implementation, the first dielectric substrate 211 includes a first metal pillar 2111, and the first metal pillar 2111, the first copper cladding layer 213, and the second copper cladding layer 214 surround to form a first resonant cavity 220.

[0075] It should be noted that there are multiple first metal pillars 2111, which are arranged through the first dielectric substrate 211 along its thickness direction and are spaced apart to form a rectangular cavity structure. The lower end of the first metal pillar 2111 is connected to the upper surface of the first copper clad layer 213, and the upper end is connected to the lower surface of the second copper clad layer 214. In this way, a closed metal cavity is formed, namely the first resonant cavity 220, which is an SIW (Substrate Integrated Waveguide) resonant cavity.

[0076] The second dielectric substrate 212 includes a second metal pillar 2121, and the second metal pillar 2121, the second copper cladding layer 214 and the third copper cladding layer 215 are arranged to form a second resonant cavity 230.

[0077] Multiple second metal pillars 2121 are provided, which are arranged through the second dielectric substrate 212 along its thickness direction and spaced apart to form a cavity structure with a square cross-section. The lower end of the second metal pillar 2121 is connected to the upper surface of the second copper clad layer 214, and the upper end is connected to the lower surface of the third copper clad layer 215. In this way, a closed metal cavity is formed, namely the second resonant cavity 230, which is a SIW resonant cavity.

[0078] As one possible implementation, the first dielectric substrate 211 is further provided with a plurality of third metal pillars 2112, which are disposed in the first resonant cavity 220 for impedance matching; the second dielectric substrate 212 is further provided with a plurality of fourth metal pillars 2122, which are located in the second resonant cavity 230 for impedance matching; the plurality of fourth metal pillars 2122 divide the second resonant cavity 230 into a plurality of small resonant cavities.

[0079] It should be noted that in radio frequency circuits, to achieve maximum power transmission, the signal source impedance, transmission line impedance, and load impedance must be equal. A third metal pillar 2112 is provided in the first resonant cavity 220, and a fourth metal pillar 2122 is provided in the second resonant cavity 230 to match impedance and enhance bandwidth. Specifically, the third metal pillar 2112 extends through the thickness of the first dielectric substrate 211, and the fourth metal pillar 2122 extends through the thickness of the second dielectric substrate 212.

[0080] For example, there are four third metal pillars 2112, which are divided into two pairs and spaced apart along the length of the first resonant cavity 220; there are eight fourth metal pillars 2122, which are divided into four pairs, dividing the large square structure into four smaller square structures with equal cross-sectional areas. The fourth metal pillars 2122 can make the smaller resonant cavities TE 101 Mode, TE101 The mode is the fundamental mode, which is also the simplest, most stable, and easiest to excite. The fourth metal pillar 2122 suppresses stray modes and guides and stabilizes the electromagnetic field distribution within each sub-cavity, ensuring that all four small resonant cavities can operate with the same and pure TE. 101 It operates in a specific mode.

[0081] It should be noted that the first dielectric substrate 211 and the second dielectric substrate 212 are also provided with a plurality of fifth metal pillars 219. The plurality of fifth metal pillars 219 are respectively arranged through the edges of the first dielectric substrate 211 and the second dielectric substrate 212. The fifth metal pillars 219 are used to control the radiation direction of the vertically polarized antenna 100.

[0082] As one possible implementation, the first resonant cavity 220 and the second resonant cavity 230 are connected by a coaxial structure, which includes a coaxial line structure output opening 217 disposed on the second copper cladding layer 214.

[0083] It should be noted that the projections of the first resonant cavity 220 and the second resonant cavity 230 in the vertical direction overlap. At the overlapping position, the second copper-clad layer 214 has a coaxial cable output opening 217 extending through its thickness direction, connecting the first resonant cavity 220 and the second resonant cavity 230. The upper and lower resonant cavities are connected by a SIW-coaxial cable-SIW structure, ensuring transmission stability and omnidirectional antenna radiation pattern.

[0084] The first resonant cavity 220 serves as a feed cavity to house the feed probe. Physically located away from the vertices of the triangular metal plate 121, the first resonant cavity 220 significantly improves the isolation between the ports of the horizontally polarized antenna 200 and the vertically polarized antenna 100, achieving feed isolation and decoupling. The second resonant cavity 230 can be designed with an optimal radiation pattern; its size and structure can be specifically optimized to obtain a good radiation pattern, high gain, and the required beamwidth, unaffected by direct interference from the underlying feed structure. The coaxial cable structure output opening 217 is equipped with a metal probe, which efficiently couples the electromagnetic energy from the first resonant cavity 220 to the second resonant cavity 230, ensuring the polarization purity of the radiation from the second resonant cavity 230.

[0085] As one possible implementation, the metal floor 110 has a second interface 112 on the side away from the hollow column. The second interface 112 is used to connect the coaxial bare wire probe 131 to the first copper cladding layer 213 through the hollow column.

[0086] It should be noted that the second interface 112 can be an SMA interface. The first copper cladding layer 213 is provided with a coaxial structure input opening 216 that extends through it along its thickness direction. The coaxial structure input opening 216 connects the hollow column and the first resonant cavity 220. The coaxial bare wire probe 131 extends into the hollow column through the second interface 112 and rises along the hollow column. It extends into the first resonant cavity 220 from the coaxial structure input opening 216 to feed power.

[0087] During operation, a time-varying current flows from the second interface 112 through the hollow column to the first resonant cavity 220 along the coaxial bare wire probe 131, generating electromagnetic waves at the end of the probe 131. When the excitation frequency of the probe matches the natural frequency of the first resonant cavity 220, a strong and stable electromagnetic standing wave mode is excited within the cavity. The metal probe of the coaxial structure output opening 217 couples the electromagnetic energy of the first resonant cavity 220 to the second resonant cavity 230. The third copper-clad layer 215 has four spaced annular slots, each corresponding to a small resonant cavity, forming a slot array 218. The slot array 218 is located on top of the second resonant cavity 230, allowing the electromagnetic waves of the second resonant cavity 230 to radiate into the surrounding space through the slot array 218. The slot array 218 is located at the top of the second resonant cavity 230. 101 The mode achieves maximum radiation efficiency, and the ring structure gives the antenna radiation pattern good omnidirectionality.

[0088] See Figure 5 and Figure 6 The common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna 10 of this application adopts a common-aperture scheme that results in an isolation of less than -50dB between the two antennas. With a return loss S11 less than -10dB, the vertically polarized antenna 100 covers the frequency bands 1.78GHz-2.08GHz and 4.02GHz-7.97GHz, while the horizontally polarized antenna 200 covers the frequency bands 25.65GHz-27.05GHz. The two antennas have their own operating frequency ranges, and together they cover a portion of the sub-6GHz and millimeter-wave frequency bands, achieving a high frequency ratio antenna structure.

[0089] See Figure 7 The common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna 10 of this application embodiment has a horizontally polarized antenna 200 with an E-plane radiation pattern of less than 1 dB at 26 GHz, exhibiting good omnidirectionality. The vertically polarized antenna 100 has an omnidirectional E-plane radiation pattern at 1.8 GHz with an E-plane radiation of less than 0.5 dB. Furthermore, the H-plane antenna radiation angles are all between 90 and 120 degrees, meeting the requirements for indoor distributed antenna coverage.

[0090] Furthermore, this application also provides a communication device, including the common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna 10 as described above and a radio frequency (RF) front-end module, wherein the RF front-end module is connected to the common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna 10. The RF front-end module may include a low-noise amplifier and a power amplifier, wherein the low-noise amplifier is connected to the vertically polarized antenna element 100, and the power amplifier is connected to the horizontally polarized antenna element 200.

[0091] This application provides a common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna 10 and a communication device. The common-aperture dual-polarized indoor distributed antenna 10 includes a vertically polarized antenna 100, a horizontally polarized antenna 200, and a feeding structure. The vertically polarized antenna 100 includes a metal ground plane 110, a triangular metal plate 121, multiple grounding metal pillars 130, and a first copper-clad layer 213. The triangular metal plate 121 and the multiple grounding metal pillars 130 are disposed between the metal ground plane 110 and the first copper-clad layer 213. The horizontally polarized antenna 200 includes a double-layer dielectric substrate 210 and a slot array 210. 18. The bottom of the double-layer dielectric substrate 210 is copper-clad to form a first copper-clad layer 213, and the slot array 218 is disposed on the top of the double-layer dielectric substrate 210; the horizontally polarized antenna 200 and the vertically polarized antenna 100 are set with the same aperture, which is simple in structure and small in size; the feeding structure includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure, the first feeding structure is connected to the vertically polarized antenna 100, and the second feeding structure is connected to the horizontally polarized antenna 200; the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are arranged in a non-overlapping layout on the metal ground plane 110 to avoid coupling interference.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A co-boresight dual-polarized cubical antenna, characterized in that, The application relates to a vertical polarization antenna (100) and a horizontal polarization antenna (200) and a feed structure. The vertical polarization antenna (100) comprises a metal floor (110), a tapered radiation oscillator (120), a plurality of grounded metal columns (130) and a first copper-clad layer (213), the tapered radiation oscillator (120) and the plurality of grounded metal columns (130) being connected between the metal floor (110) and the first copper-clad layer (213). The horizontal polarization antenna (200) comprises a double-layer dielectric plate (210) and a slot array (218), the bottom of the double-layer dielectric plate (210) is copper-clad to form the first copper-clad layer (213), and the slot array (218) is arranged on the top of the double-layer dielectric plate (210); the horizontal polarization antenna (200) is arranged in a common aperture with the vertical polarization antenna (100). The feed structure comprises a first feed structure and a second feed structure, the first feed structure is connected with the vertical polarization antenna (100), and the second feed structure is connected with the horizontal polarization antenna (200); the first feed structure and the second feed structure are arranged in a non-coincidence layout. The double-layer dielectric plate (210) comprises a first dielectric plate (211) and a second dielectric plate (212), the bottom of the first dielectric plate (211) is copper-clad to form the first copper-clad layer (213), the first dielectric plate (211) and the second dielectric plate (212) are copper-clad to form a second copper-clad layer (214), and the top of the second dielectric plate (212) is copper-clad to form a third copper-clad layer (215). The first dielectric plate (211) is provided with a first metal column (2111), the first metal column (2111), the first copper-clad layer (213) and the second copper-clad layer (214) surround to form a first resonant cavity (220). The second dielectric plate (212) is provided with a second metal column (2121), the second metal column (2121), the second copper-clad layer (214) and the third copper-clad layer (215) surround to form a second resonant cavity (230).

2. The co-boresight dual-polarized chamber antenna of claim 1, wherein, The tapered radiation oscillator (120) comprises two triangular metal plates (121), the two triangular metal plates (121) are arranged in an inverted vertical intersection mode, the bottom of the triangular metal plate (121) is connected with the metal floor (110), and the top of the triangular metal plate (121) is connected with the first copper-clad layer (213).

3. The co-boresight dual-polarized chamber antenna of claim 2, wherein, The bottom of the triangular metal plate (121) is provided with a boss (123) and a gasket (122), the boss (123) is connected with the metal floor (110), and the gasket (122) is arranged between the boss (123) and the bottom of the triangular metal plate (121). The bottom of the triangular metal plate (121) is provided with a boss (123) and a gasket (122), the boss (123) is connected with the metal floor (110), and the gasket (122) is arranged between the boss (123) and the bottom of the triangular metal plate (121). The metal floor (110) is provided with a first interface (111) at the center of the side away from the triangular metal plate (121), the first interface (111) is used for connecting a coaxial probe, the coaxial probe passes through the metal floor (110), the boss (123) and the gasket (122), and is connected with the triangular metal plate (121) to form the first feeding structure.

4. The co-boresight dual-polarized chamber antenna of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of grounding metal columns (130) are arranged around the center of the metal floor (110), and the grounding metal columns (130) are used for supporting the horizontal polarization antenna (200). One of the plurality of grounding metal columns (130) is an axial hollow column, and the axial hollow column is used for passing through a coaxial bare wire probe (131).

5. The co-boresight dual-polarized chamber antenna of claim 1, wherein, The first dielectric plate (211) is also provided with a plurality of third metal columns (2112), and the third metal columns (2112) are arranged in the first resonant cavity (220) and used for matching impedance. The second dielectric plate (212) is also provided with a plurality of fourth metal columns (2122), and the plurality of fourth metal columns (2122) are arranged in the second resonant cavity (230) and used for matching impedance.

6. The co-boresight dual-polarized chamber antenna of claim 1, wherein, The first resonant cavity (220) and the second resonant cavity (230) are connected through a coaxial structure, and the coaxial structure includes a coaxial line structure output opening (217) arranged in the second copper clad layer (214) and a metal probe arranged in the coaxial line structure output opening (217).

7. The co-boresight dual-polarized chamber antenna of claim 4, wherein, The metal floor (110) is provided with a second interface (112) on the side away from the hollow column, the second interface (112) is used for passing through the coaxial bare wire probe (131), and the coaxial bare wire probe (131) is connected with the first copper clad layer (213) through the hollow column to form the second feeding structure.

8. A communication device, characterized by The application relates to a radio frequency front end module and a co-caliber dual-polarized chamber antenna (10), and the co-caliber dual-polarized chamber antenna (10) comprises any one of the co-caliber dual-polarized chamber antennas (10) in claims 1 to 7.

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