Clamping assembly of numerical control machine tool
By introducing a movable arc-shaped movable seat, sliding jaws, and adaptive compensation structure into the clamping assembly of CNC machine tools, the problems of inflexible clamping and complex assembly changes have been solved, enabling stable clamping and efficient machining of workpieces of different shapes and sizes.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520515933.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-24
AI Technical Summary
Traditional CNC machine tool clamping components are difficult to adapt to workpieces of different shapes and sizes. The clamping force adjustment is inflexible, the connection is inconvenient, and the clamping plate replacement is complicated, which affects the machining accuracy and production efficiency.
It adopts a movable arc-shaped seat, a sliding movable gripper, a drive mechanism, an adaptive compensation structure, and a quick-change structure to achieve flexible adjustment and convenient operation of the clamping components.
It improves the adaptability and versatility of the clamping components, ensures machining accuracy, avoids workpiece damage, simplifies the clamping plate replacement process, and improves production efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223876579U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tool auxiliary equipment, in particular to a clamping assembly of a numerical control machine tool. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the machining process of a numerical control machine tool, accurate clamping of a workpiece is a key link for guaranteeing machining precision and quality. A conventional clamping assembly of a numerical control machine tool is usually simple in structure, and has many problems in actual use. For example, the clamping jaws of a conventional clamping assembly are mostly fixed structures, and can only adapt to workpieces of specific shapes and sizes. For workpieces of irregular shapes or sizes with deviations, stable and accurate clamping is difficult to achieve, and the workpieces are prone to displacement in the machining process, thereby affecting machining precision.
[0003] In addition, the conventional clamping assembly is not flexible in the adjustment of clamping force. When machining workpieces of different materials and hardness, different sizes of clamping force are required, and the conventional clamping jaws are difficult to quickly and accurately adjust the clamping force, which may result in damage to the surface of the workpiece due to excessive clamping force or looseness of the workpiece due to insufficient clamping force. Meanwhile, in the connection of the clamping assembly and the workbench of the numerical control machine tool, the conventional method is not convenient for installation and removal, consumes time and manpower, and affects production efficiency. Moreover, when different types of clamping plates need to be replaced to adapt to different machining requirements, the replacement process of the conventional structure is complex and tedious, further reducing production efficiency.
[0004] Therefore, the application provides a clamping assembly of a numerical control machine tool to solve the problems in the background. Practical new type content
[0005] The application aims to provide a clamping assembly of a numerical control machine tool to solve the problems in the prior art, such as difficulty in adapting to workpieces of different shapes and sizes, inflexible adjustment of clamping force, inconvenient connection with the workbench, and complex replacement of clamping plates.
[0006] The clamping assembly of the numerical control machine tool provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme: a base, a fixed clamping jaw, and a movable clamping jaw are arranged, wherein the base is provided with a movable arc-shaped movable seat, the fixed clamping jaw is detachably arranged on one side of the arc-shaped movable seat, the movable clamping jaw is slidably arranged on the arc-shaped movable seat, the bottom of the base is provided with a mounting hole for connecting with the workbench of the numerical control machine tool, the opposite sides of the fixed clamping jaw and the movable clamping jaw are respectively provided with clamping plates, and the two clamping plates are used for clamping and fixing the workpiece.
[0007] Optionally, the arc-shaped movable seat is provided with a driving mechanism that can drive the movable clamping jaw to slide, the driving mechanism comprises a screw rod, the screw rod is threadedly connected to the arc-shaped movable seat, one end of the screw rod is rotationally connected to the movable clamping jaw, and the other end of the screw rod is provided with a rotating handle.
[0008] Optionally, the clamping plate is provided with an adaptive compensation structure that can adaptively fit the surface of the workpiece, the adaptive compensation structure comprises a plurality of independently extendable elastic clamping blocks arranged on the clamping plate, a fixing hole corresponding to each elastic clamping block is formed in the clamping plate, a fixing block is arranged in each fixing hole, one end of the fixing block is connected to the elastic clamping block, and the other end of the fixing block is provided with a micro spring arranged in the fixing hole.
[0009] Optionally, the fixed clamping jaw and the movable clamping jaw are respectively provided with a quick replacement structure that can disassemble and replace the clamping plate, the quick replacement structure comprises a limiting hole formed in the fixed clamping jaw and the movable clamping jaw, a sliding rod slidably arranged in the limiting hole, a compression spring arranged on the sliding rod, the other end of the compression spring fixed in the limiting hole, a pulling rod arranged on the top of the sliding rod and extending out of the limiting hole, a disassembling hole in the fixed clamping jaw and the movable clamping jaw and communicating with the limiting hole on the corresponding side, an insertion rod arranged on the clamping plate and insertable into the disassembling hole, a wedge-shaped protrusion arranged on the insertion rod, and a slope formed on the bottom of the sliding rod and capable of sliding relative to the wedge-shaped protrusion.
[0010] Optionally, an angle adjusting mechanism is arranged between the arc-shaped movable seat and the base and can adjust the angle of the arc-shaped movable seat, the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of adjusting holes arranged on the arc-shaped movable seat, the base is provided with a pin hole that can communicate with the adjusting holes, and the base is provided with a pin column that can penetrate through the pin hole and be inserted into the adjusting hole.
[0011] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0012] 1. Strong adaptability to workpieces: by arranging the movable arc-shaped movable seat and the slidable movable clamping jaw, the distance and angle between the fixed clamping jaw and the movable clamping jaw can be flexibly adjusted, thereby adapting to workpieces of different shapes and sizes, and improving the versatility and adaptability of the clamping assembly.
[0013] 2. Convenient adjustment of clamping force: the screw rod and the rotating handle in the driving mechanism are designed so that the operator can easily adjust the position of the movable clamping jaw by rotating the rotating handle, thereby accurately adjusting the size of the clamping force, meeting the processing needs of workpieces of different materials and hardness, and avoiding damage to the workpieces caused by improper clamping force.
[0014] 3. Self-adaptive fitting workpiece: the self-adaptive compensation structure on the clamping plate, i.e. multiple independently telescopic elastic clamping blocks, can automatically adjust according to the shape of the workpiece surface, realize self-adaptive fitting with the workpiece surface, and further improve the clamping stability of irregular workpieces, ensuring the machining precision.
[0015] 4. Convenient replacement of clamping plate: the design of the quick replacement structure makes the disassembly and installation process of the clamping plate simple and fast. By pulling the pull rod, the sliding rod moves upward to overcome the elastic force of the compression spring, releasing the limit of the wedge-shaped protrusion, so that the insertion rod of the clamping plate can be easily pulled out of the disassembly hole to realize the disassembly of the clamping plate. When installing, only need to insert the insertion rod into the disassembly hole, the wedge-shaped protrusion pushes the sliding rod bottom slope to make the sliding rod move down, and under the action of the compression spring, the wedge-shaped protrusion is limited and fixed, completing the installation of the clamping plate, greatly improving the replacement efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device;
[0017] Figure 2 It is a front view of the device;
[0018] Figure 3 It is a top view of the device;
[0019] Figure 4 It is a Figure 3 cutting diagram of A-A of the device;
[0020] Figure 5 It is an enlarged view of the arc-shaped movable seat of the device;
[0021] Figure 6 It is an enlarged view of C of the device; Figure 4
[0022] Among them, 1, base, 2, fixed jaw, 3, movable jaw, 4, arc-shaped movable seat, 5, mounting hole, 6, clamping plate, 7, driving mechanism, 8, screw, 9, handle, 10, self-adaptive compensation structure, 11, elastic clamping block, 12, fixed hole, 13, fixed block, 14, micro spring, 15, quick replacement structure, 16, limiting hole, 17, sliding rod, 18, compression spring, 19, pull rod, 20, disassembly hole, 21, insertion rod, 22, wedge-shaped protrusion, 23, angle adjusting mechanism, 24, adjusting hole, 25, pin column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0024] Referring to Figure 1 The embodiment shown in the drawings is as follows: the clamping assembly as a whole comprises a base 1, a fixed clamping jaw 2 and a movable clamping jaw 3. In this embodiment, the bottom of the base 1 is in a flat plate structure, and a plurality of mounting holes 5 are uniformly distributed on the bottom, which are threaded holes. The base 1 can be stably connected to the worktable of the numerical control machine tool through bolts, so as to ensure the stability of the entire clamping assembly during the machining process. An arc-shaped movable seat 4 is movably arranged on the upper surface of the base 1, and the arc-shaped movable seat 4 is connected with the base 1 through an angle adjusting mechanism 23 (to be described later), so that the arc-shaped movable seat 4 can be adjusted in angle relative to the base 1. The fixed clamping jaw 2 is connected to one side of the arc-shaped movable seat 4 through bolts. This detachable connection mode facilitates the replacement of the fixed clamping jaw 2 according to different machining requirements. The movable clamping jaw 3 is slidably arranged on the arc-shaped movable seat 4 through the cooperation of a sliding block and a sliding groove on the arc-shaped movable seat 4. The cooperation of the sliding block and the sliding groove can ensure the stability of the movable clamping jaw 3 during sliding and can accurately control the position of the movable clamping jaw 3. On the side opposite to the movable clamping jaw 3 of the fixed clamping jaw 2, a clamping plate 6 is respectively installed, and the clamping plate 6 is connected with the fixed clamping jaw 2 and the movable clamping jaw 3 through a quick replacement structure 15 (to be described later). The two clamping plates 6 are oppositely arranged and used for clamping and fixing the workpiece.
[0025] The implementation principle of the above embodiment is as follows: in use, the clamping assembly is installed on the worktable of the numerical control machine tool through the mounting holes 5 on the bottom of the base 1. According to the shape and size of the workpiece, the angle of the arc-shaped movable seat 4 relative to the base 1 is adjusted by using the angle adjusting mechanism 23, and then the position of the movable clamping jaw 3 on the arc-shaped movable seat 4 is moved to adjust the distance between the fixed clamping jaw 2 and the movable clamping jaw 3, so that the two clamping plates 6 can adapt to workpieces of different shapes and sizes, and realize stable clamping of the workpiece.
[0026] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2One embodiment is shown in the arc-shaped movable seat 4 is provided with a driving mechanism 7, the driving mechanism 7 includes screw 8, handle 9. In this embodiment, the arc-shaped movable seat 4 is provided with a threaded hole, the screw 8 is screwed in the threaded hole, one end of the screw 8 is rotatably connected with the movable jaw 3 through a bearing, so that when the screw 8 rotates, the movable jaw 3 will not rotate, but slide along the sliding groove on the arc-shaped movable seat 4. The other end of the screw 8 extends out of the arc-shaped movable seat 4 and is fixedly connected with the handle 9, the handle 9 is disc-shaped, which is convenient for the operator to hold and rotate.
[0027] The implementation principle of the above embodiment is that when the position of the movable jaw 3 needs to be adjusted, the operator rotates the handle 9, the handle 9 drives the screw 8 to rotate in the threaded hole of the arc-shaped movable seat 4, since the screw 8 is rotatably connected with the movable jaw 3 through a bearing, and the movable jaw 3 is matched with the sliding groove of the arc-shaped movable seat 4 through the sliding block, so the rotation of the screw 8 will be converted into the linear sliding of the movable jaw 3 on the arc-shaped movable seat 4, thereby accurately adjusting the distance between the movable jaw 3 and the fixed jaw 2, and further adjusting the clamping force on the workpiece.
[0028] Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 6 One embodiment is shown in the clamping plate 6 is provided with a self-adaptive compensation structure 10, the self-adaptive compensation structure 10 includes a plurality of elastic clamping blocks 11. In this embodiment, a plurality of fixed holes 12 are uniformly provided on the clamping plate 6, which correspond one-to-one with the elastic clamping blocks 11. Each fixed hole 12 is provided with a fixed block 13, one end of the fixed block 13 is fixedly connected with the elastic clamping block 11, the other end of the fixed block 13 is provided with a micro spring 14, the other end of the micro spring 14 is fixed on the bottom of the fixed hole 12. The elastic clamping block 11 is made of elastic materials such as rubber, which has good flexibility.
[0029] The implementation principle of the above embodiment is that when the clamping plate 6 contacts the workpiece, since the surface of the workpiece may have irregular shape, the elastic clamping block 11 will compress the micro spring 14 under the action of the force on the surface of the workpiece through the fixed block 13, so that each elastic clamping block 11 can independently stretch and contract, thereby automatically adjusting according to the shape of the surface of the workpiece, realizing self-adaptive fitting with the surface of the workpiece, improving the clamping stability of irregular workpieces, and ensuring the machining precision.
[0030] Referring to Figure 4One embodiment shown is that the fixed clamping jaw 2 and the movable clamping jaw 3 are respectively provided with quick replacement structures 15. In the embodiment, taking the fixed clamping jaw 2 as an example, a plurality of limiting holes 16 are formed on the fixed clamping jaw 2, and the limiting holes 16 are vertically arranged. A sliding rod 17 is slidably arranged in each limiting hole 16, and the sliding rod 17 can slide up and down in the limiting hole 16. A compression spring 18 is sleeved on the sliding rod 17, one end of the compression spring 18 is fixedly connected with the sliding rod 17, and the other end is fixed on the bottom of the limiting hole 16. The top of the sliding rod 17 extends out of the limiting hole 16 and is fixedly connected with a pull rod 19, which is convenient for an operator to pull the sliding rod 17. The fixed clamping jaw 2 is further provided with a dismounting hole 20 which is in communication with the limiting hole 16, and the clamping plate 6 is correspondingly provided with an insertion rod 21 which can be inserted into the dismounting hole 20. The insertion rod 21 is provided with a wedge-shaped protrusion 22, and the bottom of the sliding rod 17 is provided with an inclined surface which is matched with the wedge-shaped protrusion 22.
[0031] The implementation principle of the above embodiment is that when the clamping plate 6 needs to be dismounted, the operator pulls the pull rod 19, the pull rod 19 drives the sliding rod 17 to slide upward, and the compression spring 18 is compressed. At this time, the inclined surface at the bottom of the sliding rod 17 is out of contact with the wedge-shaped protrusion 22, the limiting of the insertion rod 21 is released, and then the insertion rod 21 is pulled out of the dismounting hole 20, so that the dismounting of the clamping plate 6 is completed. When installing, the insertion rod 21 of the clamping plate 6 is aligned with the dismounting hole 20 and is inserted. With the insertion of the insertion rod 21, the wedge-shaped protrusion 22 is in contact with the inclined surface at the bottom of the sliding rod 17 and drives the sliding rod 17 to slide upward. When the insertion rod 21 is completely inserted into the dismounting hole 20, the sliding rod 17 moves downward under the action of the compression spring 18, and the wedge-shaped protrusion 22 is limited and fixed, so that the installation of the clamping plate 6 is completed, and the quick replacement is realized.
[0032] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 One embodiment shown is that an angle adjusting mechanism 23 is arranged between the arc-shaped movable seat 4 and the base 1. In the embodiment, a plurality of adjusting holes 24 are uniformly distributed on the arc-shaped movable seat 4 in the circumferential direction, and a pin hole is correspondingly arranged on the base 1. The pin hole corresponds to the position of the adjusting hole 24, and a pin 25 can penetrate the pin hole and be inserted into the adjusting hole 24. One end of the pin 25 is in a cylindrical shape, which is convenient for insertion into the pin hole and the adjusting hole 24.
[0033] The implementation principle of the above embodiment is that when the angle of the arc-shaped movable seat 4 needs to be adjusted, the operator first pulls the pull ring, pulls the pin 25 out of the current adjusting hole 24 and pin hole, rotates the arc-shaped movable seat 4, aligns the required adjusting hole 24 with the pin hole, and finally penetrates the pin hole and inserts the pin 25 into the adjusting hole 24 to fix the angle of the arc-shaped movable seat 4, so as to meet the requirements of different processing technologies for the clamping angle of the workpiece.
[0034] The working principle of the device is as follows: when in use, first, the assembly is installed on the workbench of the numerical control machine tool through the bottom mounting hole 5 of the base 1 by bolts. According to the shape and size of the workpiece, if it is necessary to adjust the angle of the arc-shaped movable seat 4, the pin 25 pull ring is pulled, the pin 25 is pulled out, the arc-shaped movable seat 4 is rotated to make the adjusting hole 24 and the pin hole aligned, and then the pin 25 is inserted to fix. Then, the driving mechanism 7 handle 9 is rotated, the screw rod 8 is rotated in the arc-shaped movable seat 4 threaded hole, because the screw rod 8 and the movable clamp jaw 3 are connected through bearings, and the movable clamp jaw 3 is matched with the sliding block and the sliding groove, so that the movable clamp jaw 3 is driven to slide, the distance between the movable clamp jaw 3 and the fixed clamp jaw 2 is adjusted. When the clamping plate 6 contacts the workpiece, the elastic clamping block 11 is subjected to the surface force of the workpiece, the micro spring 14 is compressed through the fixed block 13, and the independent expansion is realized to adapt to the surface of the workpiece. If it is necessary to replace the clamping plate 6, the pull rod 19 is pulled, the sliding rod 17 is moved up to compress the compression spring 18, the limiting of the wedge-shaped protrusion 22 is released, the plug-in rod 21 is pulled out to complete the disassembly; when installing, the plug-in rod 21 is inserted, the wedge-shaped protrusion 22 pushes the sliding rod 17 to move up, and after being in place, the sliding rod 17 is limited and fixed to the wedge-shaped protrusion 22 under the action of the compression spring 18.
[0035] The working principle of the device has been described in the above embodiment, and the above embodiment only expresses several embodiments of the utility model, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as the limitation of the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the utility model, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. A clamping assembly for a CNC machine tool, comprising a base (1), a fixed gripper (2), and a movable gripper (3), characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a movable arc-shaped seat (4). The fixed gripper (2) is detachably fixed on one side of the arc-shaped seat (4). The movable gripper (3) is slidably disposed on the arc-shaped seat (4). The bottom of the base (1) is provided with a mounting hole (5) for connecting to the CNC machine tool table. The fixed gripper (2) and the movable gripper (3) are respectively provided with clamping plates (6) on opposite sides. The two clamping plates (6) are used to clamp and fix the workpiece.
2. The clamping assembly for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped movable seat (4) is provided with a drive mechanism (7) that can drive the movable gripper (3) to slide. The drive mechanism (7) includes a screw (8), which is threadedly connected to the arc-shaped movable seat (4). One end of the screw (8) is rotatably connected to the movable gripper (3), and the other end of the screw (8) is provided with a handle (9).
3. The clamping assembly for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping plate (6) is provided with an adaptive compensation structure (10) that can adaptively fit with the surface of the workpiece. The adaptive compensation structure (10) includes a plurality of independently extendable elastic clamping blocks (11) provided on the clamping plate (6). The clamping plate (6) is provided with fixing holes (12) corresponding to the elastic clamping blocks (11). Fixing blocks (13) are provided in the fixing holes (12). One end of the fixing block (13) is connected to the elastic clamping block (11). The other end of the fixing block (13) is provided with a miniature spring (14) located in the fixing hole (12). The other end of the miniature spring (14) is fixed in the fixing hole (12).
4. The clamping assembly for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed gripper (2) and the movable gripper (3) are respectively provided with quick-change structures (15) for disassembling the clamping plate (6). The quick-change structure (15) includes limiting holes (16) opened on the fixed gripper (2) and the movable gripper (3). A sliding rod (17) is provided in the limiting hole (16). A compression spring (18) is provided on the sliding rod (17). The other end of the compression spring (18) is fixed in the limiting hole (16). The top of the sliding rod (17) extends out of the limiting hole (16) and is provided with a pull rod (1). 9) The fixed gripper (2) is provided with a disassembly hole (20) that communicates with the limiting hole (16) on the corresponding side of the movable gripper (3). The clamping plate (6) is provided with a plug rod (21) that can be inserted into the disassembly hole (20). The plug rod (21) is provided with a wedge-shaped protrusion (22). The bottom of the sliding rod (17) is provided with an inclined surface that can slide relative to the wedge-shaped protrusion (22). When the plug rod (21) is fully inserted into the disassembly hole (20), the sliding rod (17) limits and fixes the wedge-shaped protrusion (22).
5. The clamping assembly for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle adjustment mechanism (23) is provided between the arc-shaped movable seat (4) and the base (1) to adjust the angle of the arc-shaped movable seat (4). The angle adjustment mechanism (23) includes a plurality of adjustment holes (24) provided on the arc-shaped movable seat (4). The base (1) is provided with a pin hole that can communicate with the adjustment hole (24). The base (1) is provided with a pin (25) that can pass through the pin hole and be inserted into the adjustment hole (24).