Pollution discharge induction device for deep and large vertical shaft of highway tunnel in karst area
By introducing vertical shafts and a coordinated ventilation system into the tunnel, the problem of poor ventilation in long tunnels was solved, achieving efficient pollutant emissions and reduced energy consumption, and improving construction safety and air quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520807100.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-24
AI Technical Summary
In existing tunnel construction, forced ventilation methods result in reduced end-of-line air volume, the formation of recirculation zones, and low pollutant dilution efficiency. In particular, the ventilation effect drops sharply in long-distance highway tunnels, and pollutants tend to accumulate.
The system employs a coordinated mode of main intake fan and vertical shaft exhaust fan, combined with the arrangement of vertical shaft air supply section, air outlet section, horizontal channel and fan, to form an upward airflow. The system uses a device consisting of an annular guide hood, a spin diffuser and a fan to guide and discharge pollutants.
It improved sewage discharge efficiency, reduced energy consumption and ventilation costs, improved air quality in the construction environment, and protected the health of construction workers.
Smart Images
Figure CN223881217U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a tunnel construction ventilation technical field especially relates to a karst area highway tunnel deep and big vertical shaft pollution inducing device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Construction ventilation is a technical link that cannot be ignored in the tunnel engineering construction process, and the current construction ventilation usually adopts the pressure-in ventilation method to make the foul air flow outward along the tunnel. Although its operation is simple and the cost is low, with the increase of the tunnel excavation distance and the length of the air supply pipe, the pipe friction resistance and the local resistance rise, resulting in a substantial reduction of the end air output. Especially for long-distance highway tunnels, the ventilation effect sharply decreases, and the air flow needs to return after reaching the working face to be discharged, and the pressure-in ventilation method is easy to form a backflow area in the hole, and the dilution efficiency of the foul air is reduced, resulting in the accumulation of pollutants.
[0003] After adding the vertical shaft in the middle of the tunnel, the foul air does not need to flow from the tunnel working face to the hole along the whole length of the tunnel, and can be discharged through the vertical shaft, so that the pollution air path is shortened and the exhaust resistance is reduced. The traditional pressure-in ventilation needs to overcome the friction resistance of the whole tunnel, while the fan in the vertical shaft can share part of the exhaust pressure, reduce the power demand of the main fan, reduce the overall energy consumption, and reduce the residence time of pollutants in the tunnel through the vertical shaft exhaust, and improve the air quality of the working face.
[0004] Therefore, a karst area highway tunnel deep and big vertical shaft pollution inducing device adopts the cooperative mode of "main pressure-in fan and vertical shaft exhaust fan", which can effectively make up for the shortcomings of pure pressure-in ventilation, and balance the air pressure, reduce the energy consumption and improve the safety. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0005] The utility model aims at providing a highway tunnel deep and big vertical shaft pollution inducing fan arrangement method, which aims at solving the problem of pollutant accumulation in the existing tunnel construction engineering, improving the construction ventilation and pollution discharge efficiency, and improving the construction environment.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a karst area highway tunnel deep and big vertical shaft pollution inducing device, comprising a vertical shaft, the vertical shaft comprises a vertical shaft air supply section and a vertical shaft air outlet section, the vertical shaft air outlet section is communicated with the left line tunnel through a first horizontal channel and communicated with the right line tunnel through a second horizontal channel, and the second horizontal channel is in an uphill form when the second horizontal channel intersection is taken as the starting point; a fan is arranged at the first horizontal channel intersection, the second horizontal channel intersection, the second horizontal channel midpoint and the bottom of the vertical shaft air outlet section.
[0007] Preferably, an annular fairing is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical shaft air outlet section for bearing the air flow impact force, and the inner wall of the annular fairing is attached with sound-absorbing material for noise reduction.
[0008] Preferably, the top of the shaft air outlet section is provided with a self-rotating diffuser for forming a uniform flow field spirally rising.
[0009] Preferably, the fan comprises a motor support seat, a motor is fixed above the motor support seat, the motor is connected with the impeller, and the motor is used to drive the impeller to rotate.
[0010] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0011] 1. The utility model discloses a fan arranged in layers, which forms air flow from bottom to top, effectively guides and discharges pollutants in the tunnel, and improves the discharge efficiency.
[0012] 2. The operation frequency of the fan can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the tunnel, which not only avoids waste of energy, but also effectively reduces the cost of tunnel ventilation and pollution discharge. DRAWINGS
[0013] In order to make the technical scheme of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of each component system, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.
[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the fan arrangement in the shaft of the utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the fan of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the self-rotating diffuser of the utility model.
[0017] The signs are as follows: A-shaft, 1a-shaft air supply section, 1b-shaft air outlet section, 1c-second cross passage intersection, 1d-first cross passage intersection, 1e-second cross passage midpoint, 1f-tunnel unexcavated section, 1g-right line tunnel, 1h-left line tunnel, 1i-first cross passage, 1j-second cross passage, 2a-motor, 2b-motor support seat, 2c-impeller, 3a-diffusion disc, 3b-supporting device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] In order to make the technical scheme of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of each component system, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.
[0019] According to Figure 1As shown, two air fans are arranged upstream of the first cross passage intersection 1d and the second cross passage intersection 1c, which can accelerate the air flow before entering the intersection, ensure that the air flow can smoothly enter the cross passage, and avoid vortex or dead angle at the intersection; on the other hand, two air fans are arranged downstream of the first cross passage intersection 1d and the second cross passage intersection 1c, which can avoid backflow or dispersion of the air flow after passing through the cross passage intersection; and one air fan is arranged at the midpoint 1e of the second cross passage, because the uphill shape of the second cross passage 1j will increase the resistance of air flow and affect the exhaust efficiency of the contaminated air, so an air fan is arranged to generate high-speed airflow, which can improve the air flow speed in the second cross passage 1j and smoothly send the airflow to the shaft air outlet section 1b.
[0020] Specifically, the contaminated air in the tunnel is sucked from one end of the cross passage, and a high-speed airflow is formed by the air fan, which forms a traction effect inside the cross passage, pushing the contaminated air to move along the passage to the shaft air outlet section 1b, so that the contaminated air in the left tunnel 1h and the right tunnel 1g can be quickly and smoothly exhausted.
[0021] According to Figure 2 As shown, the air fan includes a motor 2a, a motor support seat 2b, and an impeller 2c. When the motor 2a is started, the impeller 2c is driven to rotate at high speed, and the airflow enters the blade space axially. Under the drive of the impeller 2c, the airflow rotates with the impeller 2c on one hand, and on the other hand, it leaves the impeller 2c along the radial direction under the action of inertia, forming a high-speed airflow that absorbs the contaminated air in the shaft air outlet section 1b. By arranging the air fan at the bottom of the shaft air outlet section 1b, the transmitted contaminated air is upwardly conveyed through the upward air supply.
[0022] Specifically, because the contaminated air is easily accumulated in the closed space of the shaft air outlet section 1b, it poses a threat to the health of construction personnel. The air fan can form a directional airflow in the shaft air outlet section 1b by upward air supply, which pushes the contaminated air to flow upward from the bottom, thereby gradually diluting and exhausting the pollutants from the shaft A.
[0023] According to Figure 3 As shown, the self-rotating diffuser includes a diffuser disc 3a and a support device 3b. The diffuser disc 3a is a conical metal disc with guide spiral grooves distributed on its surface, and the grooves are supported by a built-in 0.53kW motor with variable frequency speed regulation. The support device 3b is a carbon steel frame fixed to the inner wall at the top of the shaft air outlet section 1b. The high-speed airflow generated by the air fan at the bottom of the shaft air outlet section 1b flows upwardly and impacts the diffuser disc 3a, driving it to rotate and generate centrifugal force. The guide vanes on the surface of the diffuser disc 3a will disperse the airflow tangentially, forming a uniform spiral upward flow field, making the airflow more stable.
[0024] Specifically, the device formed by the above technical scheme can make up for the short board of pure pressure ventilation, shorten the exhaust path, balance the air pressure, form an effective contaminated gas exhaust path, improve the efficiency of the tunnel ventilation system, reduce energy consumption and improve safety, and protect the health of construction personnel.
[0025] The above describes the utility model and its implementation mode, which is not limited, and the drawings shown are only one of the implementation modes of the utility model, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, if a person skilled in the art is inspired, without departing from the creative purpose of the utility model, similar structure modes and embodiments are not creatively designed, which should belong to the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A karst area highway tunnel deep and large vertical shaft sewage discharge inducing device, comprising a vertical shaft (A), the vertical shaft (A) comprising a vertical shaft air supply section (1a) and a vertical shaft air outlet section (1b), the vertical shaft air outlet section (1b) being communicated with a left line tunnel (1h) through a first horizontal passage (1i) and with a right line tunnel (1g) through a second horizontal passage (1j), and a second horizontal passage intersection (1c) to the second horizontal passage (1j) being an uphill section; characterized in that, A fan is arranged at the bottom of the vertical shaft air outlet section (1b).
2. The karst area highway tunnel deep vertical shaft pollution discharge inducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular flow guide cover is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical shaft air outlet section (1b) for bearing the impact of airflow, and the inner wall of the annular flow guide cover is attached with sound-absorbing material for noise reduction.
3. The karst area highway tunnel deep vertical shaft pollution discharge inducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A self-rotation diffuser is arranged at the top of the vertical shaft air outlet section (1b) for forming a uniform flow field spirally rising.
4. The karst area highway tunnel deep vertical shaft pollution discharge inducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan comprises a motor support seat (2b), a motor (2a) is fixed above the motor support seat (2b), the motor (2a) is connected with an impeller (2c), and the motor (2a) is used for driving the impeller (2c) to rotate.