Multi-stage cyclone structure capable of reducing pollutant discharge
By designing a multi-stage cyclone structure, the problem of high NOx emissions in low-cyclone combustion technology was solved, achieving better combustion effect and lower pollutant emissions, while the device is compact.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520166060.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-24
AI Technical Summary
How to design a multi-stage cyclone separator to reduce NOx emission characteristics in low-cyclone combustion technology.
A multi-stage cyclone separator structure is designed, including a main channel and multiple cyclone sections. By reasonably setting the installation angle and number of blades, a multi-stage cyclone structure is formed, which allows the airflow to mix step by step in the combustion chamber, thereby reducing pollutant emissions.
It achieves better combustion performance and lower NOx emissions, while the device is compact and occupies little space.
Smart Images
Figure CN223896019U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of hydrocyclone technology, specifically relating to a multi-stage hydrocyclone structure for reducing pollutant emissions. Background Technology
[0002] Low-swirl combustion technology is a relatively new combustion technology that has been developed in recent years. Compared with traditional high-swirl combustion technology, low-swirl combustion technology has the advantages of efficient and stable combustion and low NOx emissions. X Its low emissions have led to its widespread use in industrial gas turbines and aircraft engine combustion chambers.
[0003] The swirler is an important component of a low-swirl combustion system. In general, the swirler includes a central airflow channel and an annular airflow channel surrounding the central airflow channel. When the airflow passes through the swirler, part of it passes through the central airflow channel and part of it passes through the annular airflow channel. The annular airflow channel is equipped with blades, which enable the airflow to form a swirling flow as it passes through. The swirling flow mixes with the direct airflow discharged from the central airflow channel to form a unified mixed flow, which meets the subsequent combustion requirements.
[0004] The inventors discovered during their research on low-swirl combustion technology that using swirlers with different numbers of stages in low-swirl combustion could achieve lower NO emissions. X Emission characteristics, therefore, how to design a multi-stage rotator is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage cyclone separator structure that reduces pollutant emissions. This multi-stage cyclone separator has a multi-stage structure and is capable of multi-stage swirling and mixing of airflow.
[0006] To achieve the aforementioned utility model objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: This application provides a multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions, including a main channel and multiple cyclone sections. The main channel includes an inner channel and an outer channel circumferentially arranged around the inner channel. The inner channel includes a first outlet end, which is located within the outer channel. Each cyclone section includes an airflow channel and a mounting portion. The mounting portion is located at the end of the airflow channel and circumferentially arranged around the airflow channel. Multiple blades are arranged on the side of the mounting portion away from the airflow channel, spaced apart circumferentially around the airflow channel. Multiple cyclone sections are arranged axially along the inner channel. The blades of the cyclone sections at the ends abut against the first outlet end. Between two adjacent cyclone sections, the airflow channel of the cyclone section closer to the inner channel is inserted into the airflow channel of the cyclone section away from the inner channel, and the blades of the cyclone section away from the inner channel abut against the mounting portion of the cyclone section closer to the inner channel.
[0007] In some embodiments, a first sealing part is further included, which covers the first outlet end and has a through hole. Among the plurality of swirling parts, the blade of the swirling part closest to the inner channel abuts against the first sealing part.
[0008] In some embodiments, the first sealing part is provided with a flow adjustment part, which blocks the through hole and has multiple air holes.
[0009] In some embodiments, multiple flow adjustment units are provided, and the number of vents in the multiple flow adjustment units is different. The multiple flow adjustment units selectively block the through holes.
[0010] In some embodiments, the outer channel includes a second outlet end, the second outlet end is provided with a second blocking part, the second blocking part is provided with a mounting hole, and among the plurality of swirling parts, the airflow channel of the swirling part furthest from the inner channel passes through the mounting hole, and the mounting part abuts against the second blocking part.
[0011] In some embodiments, a limiting ring is further included, which is disposed around the outer periphery of the inner channel, and a connecting portion is provided between the limiting ring and the inner channel, wherein the limiting ring is connected to the outer channel.
[0012] In some embodiments, between two adjacent swirling sections, the outlet of the airflow passage of the swirling section near the inner channel is located in the airflow passage of the swirling section away from the inner channel.
[0013] In some embodiments, there are two swirling sections, starting from the swirling section near the first outlet end, namely the first swirling section and the second swirling section. The blades of the first swirling section are installed at an angle of L38°, and the blades of the second swirling section are installed at an angle of M38°.
[0014] In some embodiments, there are three swirling sections, with the swirling section furthest from the inner channel being the third swirling section, and the blades of the third swirling section having an installation angle N of 50°.
[0015] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the airflow channels in the first swirl section, the second swirl section, and the third swirl section gradually increases.
[0016] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] 1. Between two adjacent swirl sections, the airflow channel of the swirl section closer to the inner channel is inserted into the airflow channel of the swirl section farther from the inner channel. The blades of the swirl section at the end abut against the first outlet end, allowing multiple swirl sections to form a multi-stage swirl structure. Starting from the swirl section closer to the inner channel, the airflow between the inner and outer channels can sequentially pass through the blades of the first, second, third, and Nth swirl sections to form a swirl, mixing with the airflow in the airflow channel to form a swirling airflow. By reasonably setting parameters such as the blade installation angle and the number of blades, the intensity of the swirl can be adjusted, thereby achieving better combustion effect and lower NO emissions during combustion in the combustion chamber. X Emission characteristics reduce pollutant emissions.
[0018] 2. Two adjacent airflow channels form an annular channel. The swirling airflow enters the annular channel and mixes with the direct current airflow at the outlet of the airflow channel near the inner channel. This allows the airflow to mix step by step at each swirling part, resulting in a better mixing effect.
[0019] 3. The number of stages in the swirl section can be adjusted as needed.
[0020] 4. Between two adjacent swirling sections, the airflow channel of the swirling section closer to the inner channel is inserted into the airflow channel of the swirling section farther from the inner channel, making the overall device more compact and occupying less space. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions according to this utility model.
[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage cyclone separator structure (without external channels) for reducing pollutant emissions according to this utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembly state of the multiple swirl sections of this utility model.
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the combination of the multiple swirling sections in the explosion state of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the blade arrangement of the first swirl section of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the blade arrangement of the second swirl section of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the blade arrangement of the third swirl section of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 8 NO is the combustion chamber outlet of the secondary swirl section of this utility model. X Radial distribution diagram;
[0029] Figure 9 The NO at the combustion chamber outlet of the three-stage swirl section of this utility model X Radial distribution diagram.
[0030] Reference numerals: 1-Inner channel, 2-Outer channel, 3-Main channel, 4-First sealing part, 5-Limiting ring, 6-Connecting part, 7-Second sealing part, 8-Airflow channel, 9-Installation part, 10-Blade, 11-Swirl part, 12-First swirling part, 13-Second swirling part, 14-Third swirling part, 15-Flow rate adjustment part. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0033] This application provides a multi-stage cyclone structure for reducing pollutant emissions, including a main channel 3 and multiple cyclone sections 11. The main channel 3 includes an inner channel 1 and an outer channel 2 arranged circumferentially around the inner channel 1. The inner channel 1 includes a first outlet end, which is located within the outer channel 2. Each cyclone section 11 includes an airflow channel 8 and a mounting portion 9. The mounting portion 9 is located at the end of the airflow channel 8 and is arranged circumferentially around the airflow channel 8. Multiple blades 10 are arranged on the side of the mounting portion 9 away from the airflow channel 8, and the multiple blades 10 are spaced apart circumferentially around the airflow channel 8. The multiple cyclone sections 11 are arranged axially along the inner channel 1. The blades 10 of the end cyclone section 11 abut against the first outlet end. Between two adjacent cyclone sections 11, the airflow channel 8 of the cyclone section 11 closer to the inner channel 1 is inserted into the airflow channel 8 of the cyclone section 11 away from the inner channel 1, and the blades 10 of the cyclone section 11 away from the inner channel 1 abut against the mounting portion 9 of the cyclone section 11 closer to the inner channel 1.
[0034] Main channel 3 is used to deliver airflow to the combustion chamber.
[0035] When the airflow passes through the main channel 3, part of it enters the inner channel 1, and the other part enters the space between the inner channel 1 and the outer channel 2.
[0036] The first outlet end of the inner channel 1 is located inside the outer channel 2, so that the airflow between the inner channel 1 and the outer channel 2 and the airflow in the inner channel 1 can be mixed when they are discharged from the main channel 3.
[0037] The airflow channel 8 of the swirl section 11 is used to transport airflow.
[0038] The inner channel 1 and the plurality of swirling sections 11 can be arranged along the axial direction of the inner channel 1. The swirling section 11 at the end refers to the swirling section 11 that is closest to the inner channel 1 among the plurality of swirling sections 11.
[0039] The blades 10 of the swirling section 11 at the end abut against the first outlet end, so that the mounting part 9 of the swirling section 11 and the first outlet end can form a channel. The airflow between the inner channel 1 and the outer channel 2 enters between the blades 10 from the edge of the mounting part 9 and then enters the airflow channel 8. When the airflow passes through the blades 10, it can form a swirling flow under the action of the blades 10.
[0040] Similarly, between two adjacent swirling sections 11, the blade 10 of the swirling section 11 away from the inner channel 1 abuts against the mounting portion 9 of the swirling section 11 close to the inner channel 1, so that the mounting portions 9 of the two adjacent swirling sections 11 can form a channel. The airflow between the inner channel 1 and the outer channel 2 enters between the blades 10 from the edge of the mounting portion 9, and then enters the airflow channel 8. When the airflow passes through the blades 10, it can form a swirling flow under the action of the blades 10.
[0041] Between two adjacent swirling sections 11, the airflow channel 8 of the swirling section 11 closer to the inner channel 1 is inserted into the airflow channel 8 of the swirling section 11 farther from the inner channel 1, so that an annular channel can be formed between the airflow channel 8 closer to the inner channel 1 and the airflow channel 8 farther from the inner channel 1. The airflow enters the annular channel and mixes at the outlet of the airflow channel 8 closer to the inner channel 1.
[0042] Between two adjacent swirl sections 11, the airflow channel 8 of the swirl section 11 closer to the inner channel 1 is inserted into the airflow channel 8 of the swirl section 11 farther from the inner channel 1. The blades 10 of the swirl section 11 at the end abut against the first outlet end, so that multiple swirl sections 11 can form a multi-stage swirl structure. Starting from the swirl section 11 closer to the inner channel 1, the airflow between the inner channel 1 and the outer channel 2 can sequentially pass through the blades 10 of the first swirl section 11, the second swirl section 11, the third swirl section 11, and the Nth swirl section 11 to form a swirl, and mix with the airflow in the airflow channel 8 to form a swirling airflow. By reasonably setting parameters such as the installation angle and the number of blades 10, the intensity of the swirl can be adjusted, thereby enabling the airflow to achieve better combustion effect and obtain lower NO emissions when burning in the combustion chamber. X Emission characteristics reduce pollutant emissions.
[0043] The specific parameter settings for blade 10 can be determined through experimental testing. It should be noted that the specific principle of airflow generating swirl through blade 10 is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.
[0044] The swirling airflow enters the annular channel and mixes with the direct current airflow at the outlet of the airflow channel 8 near the inner channel 1. This allows the airflow to mix step by step at each swirling section 11, resulting in a better mixing effect.
[0045] Furthermore, the multi-stage cyclone structure in this application embodiment also includes a cyclone section 11 whose number of stages can be adjusted as needed.
[0046] Furthermore, between two adjacent swirling sections 11, the airflow channel 8 of the swirling section 11 closer to the inner channel 1 is inserted into the airflow channel 8 of the swirling section 11 farther from the inner channel 1, making the overall structure of the multi-stage swirler in this embodiment more compact and occupying less space.
[0047] In some embodiments, a first sealing part 4 is also included, which covers the first outlet end. The first sealing part 4 is provided with a through hole. Among the plurality of swirling parts 11, the blade 10 of the swirling part 11 closest to the inner channel 1 abuts against the first sealing part 4.
[0048] The through hole of the first sealing part 4 is used to discharge the airflow of the inner channel 1.
[0049] The first sealing part 4 is installed at the first outlet end, which is equivalent to increasing the cross-sectional area of the inner channel 1 at the first outlet end. This allows the mounting part 9 of the swirling part 11 at the end and the first sealing part 4 to form a better channel structure, thereby increasing the swirling effect generated when the airflow passes through the blades 10 of the swirling part 11 at the end.
[0050] Airflow enters the airflow channel 8 through the through-hole. By adjusting the cross-sectional area of the through-hole, the airflow rate entering the airflow channel 8 can be adjusted. This allows for adjustment of the ratio of direct airflow in the airflow channel 8 to swirling airflow in the annular channel, resulting in a better mixing effect.
[0051] In some embodiments, the first blocking part 4 is provided with a flow adjustment part 15, which blocks the through hole and has a plurality of air holes.
[0052] By blocking the through hole with the flow adjustment section 15, the airflow discharged from the inner channel 1 can only be discharged through the air hole, and the flow rate of the airflow channel 8 entering the vortex section 11 can be adjusted by the flow adjustment section 15.
[0053] In some embodiments, multiple flow adjustment units 15 are provided, and the number of vents in the multiple flow adjustment units 15 is different. The multiple flow adjustment units 15 selectively block the through holes.
[0054] For example, there may be two flow adjustment units 15, one of which has an orifice diameter of 1.5 mm and 22 orifices, and the other has an orifice diameter of 2 mm and 18 orifices.
[0055] By setting up various flow adjustment sections 15 with different specifications, the range of flow adjustment is enriched.
[0056] In some embodiments, the outer channel 2 includes a second outlet end, the second outlet end is provided with a second blocking part 7, the second blocking part 7 is provided with a mounting hole, and among the plurality of swirling parts 11, the airflow channel 8 of the swirling part 11 furthest from the inner channel 1 passes through the mounting hole, and the mounting part 9 abuts against the second blocking part 7.
[0057] The second sealing section 7 blocks the second outlet end, allowing the airflow to enter each swirling section 11 in sequence, thus increasing the swirling effect on the airflow.
[0058] The airflow channel 8 of the swirling section 11 furthest from the inner channel 1 passes through the mounting hole, so that the final mixed airflow can only be discharged from the airflow channel 8. Furthermore, the mounting section 9 abuts against the second sealing section 7, so that the second sealing section 7 can axially limit the multiple swirling sections 11.
[0059] In some embodiments, a limiting ring 5 is also included, which is disposed around the outer periphery of the inner channel 1, and a connecting portion 6 is provided between the limiting ring 5 and the inner channel 1, and the limiting ring 5 is connected to the outer channel 2.
[0060] The limiting ring 5 is used to install and fix the inner channel 1. Specifically, after the limiting ring 5 is connected to the outer channel 2, the inner channel 1 can be suspended in the outer channel 2 under the action of the connecting part 6.
[0061] In some embodiments, between two adjacent swirling sections 11, the outlet of the airflow channel 8 of the swirling device near the inner channel 1 is located in the airflow channel 8 of the swirling device away from the inner channel 1.
[0062] The advantage of this setup is that it allows the airflow to mix step by step. Starting from the vortex generator near the inner channel 1, part of the airflow passes through the first vortex generator to generate vortexes, then enters the airflow channel 8 of the second vortex generator, and mixes with the second vortex generator. This step-by-step mixing can increase the final vortex effect.
[0063] In some embodiments, there are two swirling sections 11, which are a first swirling section 12 and a second swirling section 13 starting from the swirling section 11 near the first outlet end. The installation angle L of the blades 10 of the first swirling section 12 is 38°, and the installation angle M of the blades 10 of the second swirling section 13 is 38°.
[0064] The installation angle of blade 10 refers to the angle between the length direction of blade 10 and the reference line, which is located on the reference line that passes through the center of airflow channel 8 and is close to the center of the circle.
[0065] The inventors conducted a low-swirl combustion experiment using natural gas as fuel and air as oxidant, based on the control experimental group in the table below. Under identical experimental conditions but with different combustion chamber outlet temperatures, experimental group 1 emitted a total NO1. X Less, and at outlet temperatures of 800K and 900K, NO emissions are lower. X There are also relatively few.
[0066] Table 1. Scheme for blade installation angles in the secondary vortex section
[0067]
[0068] In some embodiments, there are three swirl sections 11, with the swirl section 11 furthest from the inner channel 1 being the third swirl section 14, and the installation angle N of the blades 10 of the third swirl section 14 being 50°.
[0069] The inventors conducted experiments based on the control experimental groups in the table below. Under identical experimental conditions and different combustion chamber outlet temperatures, experimental group 4 and control group 2 generally emitted NO less NO compared to the control group with only two-stage swirl sections. X Less, and compared to control group 2, the experimental group 4 emitted more NO. X Also less. The above experiments also show that the number of stages in the swirl section 11 affects NO. XThe emissions have an impact.
[0070] Table 2. Scheme for Blade Installation Angle Combination in the Third-Stage Swirl Section
[0071]
[0072] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the airflow channel 8 of the first swirl section 12, the second swirl section 13, and the third swirl section 14 gradually increases.
[0073] The diameter of the airflow channel 8 gradually increases, which facilitates the formation of an annular channel and the sequential insertion of the airflow channels 8 of the first swirling section 12, the second swirling section 13, and the third swirling section 14, making the overall structure more compact.
[0074] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Any modifications, alterations, alterations, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present utility model without departing from the spirit of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions, characterized in that, include: The main channel (3) includes an inner channel (1) and an outer channel (2) arranged circumferentially around the inner channel (1). The inner channel (1) includes a first outlet end, which is located within the outer channel (2). Multiple swirling sections (11) are provided, each including an airflow channel (8) and a mounting section (9). The mounting section (9) is located at the end of the airflow channel (8) and is arranged circumferentially around the airflow channel (8). Multiple blades (10) are provided on the side of the mounting section (9) away from the airflow channel (8). The multiple blades (10) are spaced apart circumferentially around the airflow channel (8). The multiple swirling sections (11) are arranged axially along the inner channel (1). The blades (10) of the swirling section (11) abut against the first outlet end. Between two adjacent swirling sections (11), the airflow channel (8) of the swirling section (11) near the inner channel (1) is inserted into the airflow channel (8) of the swirling section (11) away from the inner channel (1). The blades (10) of the swirling section (11) away from the inner channel (1) abut against the mounting portion (9) of the swirling section (11) near the inner channel (1).
2. The multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first sealing part (4), which covers the first outlet end. The first sealing part (4) is provided with a through hole. Among the plurality of swirling parts (11), the blade (10) of the swirling part (11) closest to the inner channel (1) abuts against the first sealing part (4).
3. The multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first sealing part (4) is provided with a flow adjustment part (15), which blocks the through hole and has multiple air holes.
4. The multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow adjustment section (15) is configured as a plurality of such sections, and the number of air holes in the plurality of flow adjustment sections (15) is different. The plurality of flow adjustment sections (15) selectively block the through hole.
5. The multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer channel (2) includes a second outlet end, the second outlet end is provided with a second sealing part (7), the second sealing part (7) is provided with an installation hole, among the plurality of swirling parts (11), the airflow channel (8) of the swirling part (11) furthest from the inner channel (1) passes through the installation hole, and the installation part (9) abuts against the second sealing part (7).
6. The multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting ring (5), which is arranged around the outer periphery of the inner channel (1), and a connecting part (6) is provided between the limiting ring (5) and the inner channel (1), and the limiting ring (5) is connected to the outer channel (2).
7. The multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Between two adjacent swirling sections (11), the outlet of the airflow channel (8) of the swirling device near the inner channel (1) is located in the airflow channel (8) of the swirling device away from the inner channel (1).
8. The multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two swirling sections (11), starting from the swirling section (11) near the first outlet end, namely the first swirling section (12) and the second swirling section (13). The installation angle L of the blade (10) of the first swirling section (12) is 38°, and the installation angle M of the blade (10) of the second swirling section (13) is 38°.
9. The multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 8, characterized in that, There are three swirling sections (11), and the swirling section (11) furthest from the inner channel (1) is the third swirling section (14). The installation angle N of the blades (10) of the third swirling section (14) is 50°.
10. The multi-stage cyclone separator structure for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the airflow channel (8) of the first swirling section (12), the second swirling section (13) and the third swirling section (14) gradually increases.