Roller type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant car arrester

Abstract

The utility model provides a roller type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant car arrester which comprises a car arrester supporting frame, a car arrester supporting cross beam is installed in the middle of the car arrester supporting frame, and car arrester slope supporting frames are connected to the front end and the rear end of the car arrester supporting frame. A car arrester wear-resistant slope main body is mounted on the car arrester slope support frame; according to the car arrester, a plurality of kinetic energy conversion rollers are adopted to convert kinetic energy of wheels so as to reduce the car speed, so that a car running at a high speed is effectively stopped, the kinetic energy of the wheels is quickly converted through cooperation of the multiple sets of kinetic energy conversion rollers, and the high running speed of the wheels is effectively reduced; the service life of the car arrester, namely the rolling wheel, is effectively guaranteed by laying the wear-resistant high-damping shock-absorbing speed-reducing material on the surfaces of the rolling wheel and the slope, property loss or casualties caused by excessive instantaneous kinetic energy or momentum due to instantaneous decrease of the wheel speed are effectively avoided, and good application value is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle stopper technology, specifically to a roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle stopper. Background Technology

[0002] The methods used by vehicle stoppers to force vehicles to stop mainly include blocking, kinetic energy dissipation, and kinetic energy transfer: The blocking method involves using an obstruction to cause a collision and stop the vehicle. This method not only damages the vehicle and the object being hit but can also lead to injury or even death to passengers. The kinetic energy dissipation method uses a sharp object to damage the vehicle's tires, converting the rolling friction of the vehicle into planar friction, increasing resistance and stopping the vehicle. This method cannot stop the vehicle immediately and may also cause damage to objects and injury to people. The kinetic energy transfer method, based on the principles of a non-powered treadmill and a vehicle horsepower tester, uses a rolling object to absorb the rotational energy of the vehicle's wheels, converting the forward energy into the transfer energy of the stopper's rollers. Although the vehicle's tires rotate, the vehicle cannot move forward.

[0003] Car stoppers, also known as parking devices, are an important facility in coal mine transportation systems. They are runaway prevention devices, typically installed at the top of a slope. They serve two purposes: firstly, they restrict mine cars to designated positions, and secondly, they prevent runaway accidents. They are often used in conjunction with equipment such as pushers, tippers, car climbers, cages, and winches. Car stoppers can also be used at traffic checkpoints to assist in inspection and prevent vehicles from running over during checks.

[0004] A search revealed an existing patent (publication number: CN215042795U) that discloses a vehicle stopper, comprising a track for a vehicle to travel on, a vehicle stopper mechanism for stopping the vehicle, and an actuating mechanism for controlling the vehicle stopper mechanism. The track is fixed to the ground. The vehicle stopper mechanism includes a first hinge seat and a vehicle stopper block. One end of the first hinge seat is fixed to the side of the track, and the other end is rotatably connected to the vehicle stopper block. The actuating mechanism includes a control rod, a connecting rod, an actuating rod, a second hinge seat, and a third hinge seat. The third hinge seat is fixed to the ground, and the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the third hinge seat. The second hinge seat is fixed to the connecting rod. One end of the actuating rod is fixed to the vehicle stopper block, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second hinge seat. The control rod is fixed to the end of the connecting rod near the second hinge seat. This invention solves the problem in the prior art where a vehicle carrying products slides under external force when stationary, causing damage to the products or a decrease in quality. In the process of realizing this utility model, the inventor discovered the following problems with the existing technology: 1. Traditional vehicle stoppers cannot remove the load from the inspected vehicle when they are working. The wheels can still provide power when the vehicle is being stopped, so there is still a certain safety hazard if someone tries to break through the checkpoint; 2. Existing vehicle stoppers are prone to damaging the vehicle when they are being stopped, which has a certain impact on the safety of the vehicle leaving the scene or driving.

[0005] Currently, most car stoppers on the market use baffles to instantly stop the car's movement. This causes a high-speed car to drop to zero speed instantly when it hits the baffle, resulting in a large instantaneous momentum that can cause irreparable damage to the vehicle and its occupants. There is a need to design a car stopper that can slowly reduce the car's speed to counteract the momentum and kinetic energy of a high-speed car. Utility Model Content

[0006] This utility model addresses the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle stopper. The stopper uses multiple kinetic energy conversion rollers to convert the kinetic energy of the wheels, thereby reducing vehicle speed and effectively blocking high-speed vehicles. Through the coordinated operation of multiple sets of kinetic energy conversion rollers, the rapid conversion of wheel kinetic energy effectively reduces the high speed of the wheels. A ramp design guides the wheels onto the stopper. Wear-resistant, high-damping, shock-absorbing, and deceleration materials are laid on the surfaces of the rollers and ramp to effectively ensure the service life of the stopper and rollers, effectively preventing property damage or personal injury caused by a sudden decrease in wheel speed leading to excessive instantaneous kinetic energy or momentum.

[0007] To achieve the objective of this utility model, the technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0008] A roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle stopper includes a vehicle stopper support frame, a vehicle stopper support beam installed in the middle of the vehicle stopper support frame, and vehicle stopper ramp support frames connected to both ends of the vehicle stopper support frame. A wear-resistant ramp body of the vehicle stopper is installed on the ramp support frame. Several vehicle stopper kinetic energy conversion rollers are movably installed between the vehicle stopper support frame and the vehicle stopper support beam. Kinetic energy conversion roller bearings are installed at both ends of the vehicle stopper kinetic energy conversion rollers on both the vehicle stopper support frame and the vehicle stopper support beam. A wear-resistant damping body of the kinetic energy conversion rollers is wrapped around the outer surface of the vehicle stopper kinetic energy conversion rollers.

[0009] Preferably, a damping reinforcement plate for the vehicle stopper is installed on the lower part of the support frame and the support beam of the vehicle stopper. The damping reinforcement plate is located below the kinetic energy conversion roller of the vehicle stopper and is in close contact with the kinetic energy conversion roller of the vehicle stopper.

[0010] Preferably, the ramp support frame of the vehicle stopper is equipped with at least two ramp support frame reinforcing ribs, which divide the ramp support frame of the vehicle stopper into several wear-resistant ramp body mounting slots, and the wear-resistant ramp body of the vehicle stopper is installed in the wear-resistant ramp body mounting slots.

[0011] Preferably, the wheel stop support frame and the wheel stop support beam are provided with roller bearing mounting holes corresponding to the kinetic energy conversion roller bearings, and the kinetic energy conversion roller bearings are fixedly installed in the roller bearing mounting holes.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the wear-resistant damping body of the kinetic energy conversion roller includes an innermost wear-resistant damping body support cylinder, and the outer surface of the wear-resistant damping body support cylinder is wrapped with a high-strength carbon fiber woven fabric layer.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the high-strength carbon fiber woven fabric layer is wrapped with a wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer, and the outer surface of the wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer is wrapped with an elastic wear-resistant high-strength rubber body.

[0014] Preferably, the wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer has at least two rings of asphalt concrete cylinder layer installation holes with different hole diameters, and metal rubber reinforcing ribs with the same hole diameter are installed in the asphalt concrete cylinder layer installation holes.

[0015] Preferably, the wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer is equipped with several spirally distributed through-type brake kinetic energy conversion rollers, wear-resistant damping body support cylinders, high-strength carbon fiber woven fabric layers, wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layers, and wear-resistant damping body mounting and fixing pins of elastic wear-resistant high-strength rubber.

[0016] Preferably, the wear-resistant ramp body of the vehicle stopper includes a wear-resistant asphalt concrete slab layer at the bottom, and a high-strength elastic metal rubber slab layer is installed on the upper surface of the wear-resistant asphalt concrete slab layer.

[0017] Preferably, a high-strength carbon fiber woven board layer is installed on the upper surface of the high-strength elastic metal rubber board layer, and an elastic wear-resistant high-strength rubber board layer is installed on the upper surface of the high-strength carbon fiber woven board layer.

[0018] This utility model provides a flame-retardant thermosetting film for encapsulating lithium battery aerogel heat insulation sheet, which has the following advantages:

[0019] This utility model's vehicle stop uses multiple kinetic energy conversion rollers to convert the kinetic energy of the wheels, thereby reducing the vehicle speed and effectively blocking high-speed vehicles. Through the coordinated operation of multiple sets of kinetic energy conversion rollers, the kinetic energy of the wheels is rapidly converted, effectively reducing the high speed of the wheels. The ramp design guides the wheels onto the vehicle stop. Wear-resistant, high-damping, shock-absorbing, and deceleration materials are laid on the surfaces of the rollers and the ramp to effectively ensure the service life of the vehicle stop and the rollers. It effectively avoids property damage or personal injury caused by the instantaneous decrease in wheel speed leading to excessive instantaneous kinetic energy or momentum. It has good application value and prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a bottom view structural diagram of the roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure of the roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle brake of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top view schematic diagram of the roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Vehicle stopper support frame; 2. Vehicle stopper support beam; 3. Vehicle stopper ramp support frame; 4. Vehicle stopper wear-resistant ramp body; 5. Kinetic energy conversion roller bearing; 6. Vehicle stopper kinetic energy conversion roller; 7. Kinetic energy conversion roller wear-resistant damping body; 8. Vehicle stopper damping reinforcement plate; 9. Ramp support frame reinforcing rib; 10. Roller bearing mounting hole; 11. Wear-resistant damping body support cylinder; 12. High-strength carbon fiber woven fabric layer; 13. Wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer; 14. Elastic wear-resistant high-strength rubber body; 15. Asphalt concrete cylinder layer mounting hole; 16. Metal rubber reinforcing rib; 17. Wear-resistant asphalt concrete plate layer; 18. High-strength elastic metal rubber plate layer; 19. High-strength carbon fiber woven plate layer; 20. Elastic wear-resistant high-strength rubber plate layer; 21. Wear-resistant damping body mounting pin. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described and illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle stopper includes a vehicle stopper support frame 1, a vehicle stopper support beam 2 installed in the middle of the vehicle stopper support frame 1, and vehicle stopper ramp support frames 3 connected to both the front and rear ends of the vehicle stopper support frame 1. A wear-resistant ramp body 4 of the vehicle stopper is installed on the ramp support frame 3. Several vehicle stopper kinetic energy conversion rollers 6 are movably installed between the vehicle stopper support frame 1 and the vehicle stopper support beam 2. Kinetic energy conversion roller bearings 5 ​​are installed at both ends of the vehicle stopper kinetic energy conversion rollers 6 on both the vehicle stopper support frame 1 and the vehicle stopper support beam 2. A wear-resistant damping body 7 of the kinetic energy conversion rollers 6 is wrapped around their outer surface.

[0030] like Figure 2 ,3 As shown, a roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle stopper is provided. A damping reinforcement plate 8 is installed at the lower part of the vehicle stopper support frame 1 and the vehicle stopper support beam 2. The damping reinforcement plate 8 is located below the vehicle stopper kinetic energy conversion roller 6 and is connected in close contact with the vehicle stopper kinetic energy conversion roller 6. At least two slope support frame reinforcing ribs 9 are installed on the vehicle stopper ramp support frame 3, dividing the vehicle stopper ramp support frame 3 into several wear-resistant ramp body mounting slots. The wear-resistant ramp body 4 of the vehicle stopper is installed in the wear-resistant ramp body mounting slots. Roller bearing mounting holes 10 corresponding to the kinetic energy conversion roller bearings 5 ​​are opened on the vehicle stopper support frame 1 and the vehicle stopper support beam 2, and the kinetic energy conversion roller bearings 5 ​​are fixedly installed in the roller bearing mounting holes 10.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, a roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle stopper includes a kinetic energy conversion roller wear-resistant damping body 7 comprising an innermost wear-resistant damping body support cylinder 11, an outer surface of which is wrapped with a high-strength carbon fiber woven fabric layer 12, an outer surface of which is wrapped with a wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer 13, and an outer surface of which is wrapped with an elastic wear-resistant high-strength rubber body 14. The wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer 13 has at least two rings of asphalt concrete cylinder layer mounting holes 15 with different aperture sizes. Metal rubber reinforcing ribs 16 with the same aperture size are installed in the asphalt concrete cylinder layer mounting holes 15. Several spirally distributed wear-resistant damping body mounting and fixing pins 21 are installed in the wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer 13, penetrating the vehicle stopper kinetic energy conversion roller 6, the wear-resistant damping body support cylinder 11, the high-strength carbon fiber woven fabric layer 12, the wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer 13, and the elastic wear-resistant high-strength rubber body 14.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, a roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle stopper is provided. The wear-resistant ramp body 4 of the vehicle stopper includes a wear-resistant asphalt concrete plate layer 17 at the bottom, a high-strength elastic metal rubber plate layer 18 installed on the upper surface of the wear-resistant asphalt concrete plate layer 17, a high-strength carbon fiber woven plate layer 19 installed on the upper surface of the high-strength elastic metal rubber plate layer 18, and an elastic wear-resistant high-strength rubber plate layer 20 installed on the upper surface of the high-strength carbon fiber woven plate layer 19.

[0033] When a car passes the brake, the wheels first pass the brake ramp support frame 3 at the front end of the brake and then drive over the brake. The wear-resistant ramp body 4 of the brake on the brake ramp support frame 3 contains a wear-resistant layer inside, which initially reduces the drag on the car and reduces the vibration generated by the car driving at high speed, so that it can safely and smoothly enter the brake support frame 1.

[0034] When the wheel travels onto the brake support frame 1, the part directly in contact with the wheel is the wear-resistant damping body 7 of the kinetic energy conversion roller 6, which is wrapped around its outer surface. At the instant the wear-resistant damping body 7 contacts the wheel, the wheel's rotational kinetic energy or momentum is directly transferred to the wear-resistant damping body 7, causing it to rotate. Since the wear-resistant damping body 7 is fixed to the brake support frame 1 by the wear-resistant damping body mounting pin 21... On the kinetic energy conversion roller 6, the wear-resistant damping body 7 of the kinetic energy conversion roller drives the kinetic energy conversion roller 6 of the wheel stop to rotate at the same angular velocity. The wheel passes through the kinetic energy conversion wheel stop composed of multiple kinetic energy conversion rollers 6 and kinetic energy conversion roller wear-resistant damping bodies 7 in sequence. The wheel converts its own kinetic energy or momentum into the kinetic energy or momentum of all the kinetic energy conversion rollers 6 and kinetic energy conversion roller wear-resistant damping bodies 7, thereby decelerating itself.

[0035] When the wheel passes over the wheel stop support frame 1 and enters the rear wheel stop ramp support frame 3, the wear-resistant ramp body 4 of the wheel stop on the ramp support frame 3 is sufficiently wear-resistant, and the potential energy generated by the ramp is converted into kinetic energy that is almost negligible. The kinetic energy conversion wheel stop roller, which consists of multiple wheel stops, the wheel stop kinetic energy conversion roller 6 and the wear-resistant damping body 7 of the kinetic energy conversion roller, can consume the high-speed kinetic energy of the wheel, thereby causing the wheel to slow down slowly and avoiding personal safety problems and property damage. Example 2

[0036] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle stopper has wear-resistant particles of various shapes, such as raised stripes, granules, pebbles, or pyramids, on the outer surfaces of the wear-resistant ramp body 4 and the wear-resistant damping body 7 of the kinetic energy conversion roller. The wear-resistant particles on the wear-resistant ramp body 4 are arranged obliquely upward, so that the wheel experiences resistance and greater friction when passing over the wear-resistant ramp body 4. The wear-resistant particles on adjacent wear-resistant damping bodies 7 of the kinetic energy conversion roller are staggered and closely attached to each other, so that the kinetic energy conversion roller 6 and the wear-resistant damping body 7 of the kinetic energy conversion roller experience greater resistance when rotating, effectively realizing the conversion of the kinetic energy of the wheel. Example 3

[0038] The difference between this embodiment and embodiments 1 and 2 is that:

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, a roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant wheel stopper connects the wheel stopper's kinetic energy conversion rollers 6 to each other via high-strength wear-resistant meshing gears. The high-strength wear-resistant meshing gears have the same number of teeth and diameter, so that when the front wheel stopper's kinetic energy conversion roller 6 rotates, it drives all the wheel stopper's kinetic energy conversion rollers 6 to rotate through the high-strength wear-resistant meshing gears. This significantly converts the kinetic energy of the wheel into the kinetic energy of all the wheel stopper's kinetic energy conversion rollers 6 connected by the meshing of the high-strength wear-resistant meshing gears.

[0040] In this invention, the vehicle stopper uses multiple kinetic energy conversion rollers to convert the kinetic energy of the wheels, thereby reducing the vehicle speed and effectively blocking high-speed vehicles. Through the coordinated operation of multiple sets of kinetic energy conversion rollers, the kinetic energy of the wheels is rapidly converted, effectively reducing the high speed of the wheels. The ramp design guides the wheels onto the vehicle stopper. Wear-resistant, high-damping, shock-absorbing, and deceleration materials are laid on the surfaces of the rollers and the ramp to effectively ensure the service life of the vehicle stopper and the rollers. It effectively avoids property damage or personal injury caused by the instantaneous decrease in wheel speed leading to excessive instantaneous kinetic energy or momentum. It has good application value and prospects.

[0041] The technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. Specific embodiments have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of this utility model. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for helping to understand the principles of the embodiments of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the embodiments of this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device, characterized in that: It includes a wheel stop support frame (1), a wheel stop support beam (2) is installed in the middle of the wheel stop support frame (1), a wheel stop ramp support frame (3) is connected to both the front and rear ends of the wheel stop support frame (1), and a wheel stop wear-resistant ramp body (4) is installed on the wheel stop ramp support frame (3). A number of kinetic energy conversion rollers (6) of the vehicle stop are movably installed between the vehicle stop support frame (1) and the vehicle stop support beam (2). Kinetic energy conversion roller bearings (5) are installed at both ends of the vehicle stop support frame (1) and the vehicle stop support beam (2). The outer surface of the vehicle stop kinetic energy conversion roller (6) is covered with a kinetic energy conversion roller wear-resistant damping body (7).

2. The roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the vehicle stop support frame (1) and the vehicle stop support beam (2) is provided with a vehicle stop damping reinforcement plate (8). The vehicle stop damping reinforcement plate (8) is located at the lower part of the vehicle stop kinetic energy conversion roller (6) and is attached to the vehicle stop kinetic energy conversion roller (6).

3. The roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two ramp support frame reinforcing ribs (9) are installed on the ramp support frame (3) of the vehicle stopper. The ramp support frame reinforcing ribs (9) divide the ramp support frame (3) of the vehicle stopper into several wear-resistant ramp body mounting slots. The wear-resistant ramp body (4) of the vehicle stopper is installed in the wear-resistant ramp body mounting slot.

4. The roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle stop support frame (1) and the vehicle stop support beam (2) are provided with roller bearing mounting holes (10) corresponding to the kinetic energy conversion roller bearing (5), and the kinetic energy conversion roller bearing (5) is fixedly installed on the roller bearing mounting holes (10).

5. The roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear-resistant damping body (7) of the kinetic energy conversion roller includes an innermost wear-resistant damping body support cylinder (11), and the outer surface of the wear-resistant damping body support cylinder (11) is wrapped with a high-strength carbon fiber woven fabric layer (12).

6. The roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the high-strength carbon fiber woven fabric layer (12) is wrapped with a wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer (13), and the outer surface of the wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer (13) is wrapped with an elastic wear-resistant high-strength rubber body (14).

7. The roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer (13) is provided with at least two rings of asphalt concrete cylinder layer installation holes (15) with different hole diameters. Metal rubber reinforcing ribs (16) with the same hole diameter are installed in the asphalt concrete cylinder layer installation holes (15).

8. The roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer (13) is equipped with several spirally distributed through-vehicle brake kinetic energy conversion rollers (6), wear-resistant damping body support cylinder (11), high-strength carbon fiber woven fabric layer (12), wear-resistant asphalt concrete cylinder layer (13) and wear-resistant high-strength rubber body (14) and wear-resistant damping body mounting pins (21).

9. The roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear-resistant ramp body (4) of the vehicle stopper includes a wear-resistant asphalt concrete slab layer (17) at the bottom layer, and a high-strength elastic metal rubber slab layer (18) is installed on the upper surface of the wear-resistant asphalt concrete slab layer (17).

10. The roller-type high-strength kinetic energy conversion wear-resistant vehicle braking device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A high-strength carbon fiber woven board layer (19) is installed on the upper surface of the high-strength elastic metal rubber board layer (18), and an elastic wear-resistant high-strength rubber board layer (20) is installed on the upper surface of the high-strength carbon fiber woven board layer (19).

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