Detachable air preheater structure for fuel oil and gas organic heat carrier boiler and boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses a detachable air preheater structure for a fuel oil and gas organic heat carrier boiler and the boiler, and relates to the technical field of heat exchange, the detachable air preheater structure comprises a left body and a right body, and the connection of the left body and the right body is detachable. The heat exchange tube can be detached through the left body and the right body, so that the purpose of conveniently replacing equipment is achieved, meanwhile, the production and manufacturing cost is low, installation and transportation are more convenient, the exhaust gas temperature of the tail of the boiler can be well reduced, the heat efficiency of the boiler is greatly improved, and the national call of energy conservation, emission reduction and energy loss reduction is responded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of heat exchange technology, specifically relating to the structure of a detachable air preheater and the boiler for oil-fired and gas-fired organic heat carrier boilers. Background Technology

[0002] Environmental protection has now been listed as a fundamental national policy in my country, with significant increases in efforts to control pollution sources, achieve emission standards, comprehensively improve the urban environment, and control the total amount of major pollutants. Under these circumstances, oil and gas boilers are widely used, offering significant advantages over coal-fired and biomass-fired boilers in terms of environmental protection, space utilization, operation, and maintenance.

[0003] Shell-and-tube air preheaters, as a common air preheating device, are widely used in oil and gas boilers. They utilize the temperature difference between flue gas and air to achieve heat exchange. During boiler operation, flue gas exits through the flue and, after passing through the air preheater, its temperature decreases, while the cold air is heated, increasing its temperature. In this way, the heat in the flue gas is effectively transferred to the air, improving the boiler's combustion efficiency. To further reduce the flue gas temperature and improve boiler thermal efficiency, increasing the number of passes in the air preheater is an effective method. For example, the "Air Preheater for Oil-fired and Gas-fired Organic Heat Carrier Boilers" disclosed in Publication (Announcement) No. CN 221648532U; this technical solution includes a shell, as well as an intermediate tube sheet, a partition plate and a heat exchange component disposed within the shell. The intermediate tube sheet and the partition plate divide the shell into four cavities. Flue gas enters the heat exchange component, and air enters the cavity to exchange heat with the heat exchange component in multiple passes. This utility model is an energy-saving device that improves boiler thermal efficiency and reduces energy waste and environmental pollution by increasing the number of passes of the air preheater, thus better absorbing the waste heat of the flue gas at the tail end of the boiler. However, when the integrated air preheater needs to be repaired and the tubes replaced, it needs to be completely disassembled for repair and cleaning. Its manufacturing equipment is difficult, costly and complex on-site layout.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to develop a detachable air preheater. Utility Model Content

[0005] The first technical problem this utility model aims to solve is to provide a detachable air preheater structure for oil-fired and gas-fired organic heat carrier boilers. The detachable structure greatly improves the efficiency of maintenance and reduces maintenance costs. The second technical problem this utility model aims to solve is to provide a boiler with a detachable air preheater structure for oil-fired and gas-fired organic heat carrier boilers. This boiler has a four-pass structure, which greatly improves the thermal efficiency of the boiler.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A detachable air preheater structure for oil-fired and gas-fired organic heat carrier boilers, comprising a left body and a right body, which are detachable.

[0008] Furthermore, the left and right bodies are each provided with an upper tube sheet, a middle tube sheet, and a lower tube sheet in sequence.

[0009] Furthermore, the intermediate tube sheet divides the left body into an upper left body and a lower left body; the intermediate tube sheet divides the right body into an upper right body and a lower right body.

[0010] Furthermore, a left heat exchange tube and a right heat exchange tube are fixed on the upper tube sheet, the middle tube sheet, and the lower tube sheet.

[0011] Furthermore, a turning air duct B is provided at the rear end of the upper left body; and a turning air duct A is provided at the rear end of the upper right body.

[0012] Furthermore, a turning air duct C is provided at the front end of the middle of the left body and the right body, and the turning air duct C is connected to the lower left body and the lower right body.

[0013] Furthermore, a lower smoke box is provided at the lower end of the left and right bodies, and the lower smoke box is connected to the left heat exchange tube and the right heat exchange tube.

[0014] Furthermore, a guide plate is provided inside the turning duct B; a guide plate is provided inside the turning duct A.

[0015] Furthermore, the left and right bodies are connected by a flange containing a sealing ring.

[0016] Furthermore, any of the above-described oil / gas-fired organic heat carrier boilers use a boiler with a detachable air preheater structure.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1) This utility model can effectively reduce the flue gas temperature of the boiler, greatly improve the thermal efficiency of the boiler, and meet the national environmental protection emission requirements; secondly, it has a simple structure, low production and manufacturing costs, and is more convenient to install and transport.

[0019] 2) This utility model consists of two air preheater bodies, left and right. Compared with an integrated air preheater, when the heat exchange tubes of the air preheater need to be repaired and replaced due to low-temperature corrosion, this structure only requires the replacement of half of the heat exchange tubes, thereby reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the right view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is the left view of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram, 1. Left inlet flue; 2. Upper tube sheet; 3. Left heat exchanger tube; 4. Left outlet duct; 5. Middle tube sheet; 6. Lower tube sheet; 7. Lower smoke box; 8. Right outlet flue; 9. Right inlet duct; 10. Guide plate; 11. Right heat exchanger tube; 12. Turning duct A; 13. Upper left body; 14. Lower left body; 15. Upper right body; 16. Lower right body; 17. Turning duct B; 18. Turning duct C; 19. Left body; 20. Right body. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. The embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this utility model provides a detachable air preheater structure and boiler for oil-fired and gas-fired organic heat carrier boilers, including a left inlet flue 1, an upper tube sheet 2, a left heat exchange tube 3, a left outlet air duct 4, a middle tube sheet 5, a lower tube sheet 6, a lower smoke box 7, a right outlet flue 8, an inlet air duct 9, a guide plate 10, a right heat exchange tube 11, a turning air duct A12, a left upper body 13, a left lower body 14, a right upper body 15, a right lower body 16, a turning air duct B17, a turning air duct C18, a left body 19, and a right body 20. The air preheater is divided into a left body 19 and a right body 20, which are connected by a flange with a sealing ring. Inside both the left and right bodies 19 and 20, an upper tube sheet 2, a middle tube sheet 5, and a lower tube sheet 6 are sequentially installed. A left heat exchange tube 3 and a right heat exchange tube 11 are fixed on the upper tube sheet 2, middle tube sheet 5, and lower tube sheet 6. The middle tube sheet 5 divides the left body 19 into an upper left body 13 and a lower left body 14, and the middle tube sheet 5 divides the right body 20 into an upper right body 15 and a lower right body 16. A left inlet flue 1 is located at the upper end of the upper left body 13, and a left outlet air duct 4 is located at the front end of the upper left body 13. A turning air duct B17 is provided at the rear end of the upper left body 13, and a guide plate 10 is provided inside the turning air duct B17. A right outlet flue 8 is provided at the upper end of the upper right body 15. A right inlet air duct 9 is provided at the front end of the upper right cavity 15. A turning air duct A12 is provided at the rear end of the upper right body 15, and a guide plate 10 is provided inside the turning air duct A12. A turning air duct C18 is provided at the front end between the left body 19 and the right body 20. The turning air duct C18 is connected to the lower left body 14 and the lower right body 16. A lower smoke box 7 is provided at the lower end of the left body 19 and the right body 20. The lower smoke box is connected to the left heat exchange tube 3 and the right heat exchange tube 11.

[0026] In this embodiment, the air preheater is divided into a left body 19 and a right body 20. The left body 19 and the right body 20 are connected by flanges with sealing rings. The sealing rings are high-temperature resistant and easy to replace. The flanges are detachably connected by bolts. Inside the left body 19 and the right body 20, an upper tube sheet 2, a middle tube sheet 5, and a lower tube sheet 6 are arranged sequentially. A left heat exchange tube 3 and a right heat exchange tube 11 are fixed on the upper tube sheet 2, the middle tube sheet 5, and the lower tube sheet 6. The middle tube sheet 5 divides the left body 19 into an upper left body 13 and a lower left body 14, and the middle tube sheet 5 divides the right body 20 into an upper right body 15 and a lower right body 16. A left inlet flue gas is provided at the upper end of the upper left body 13. The upper right end of the main body 15 has a right outlet flue 8. When the flue gas enters the left heat transfer tube 3 axially from the left inlet flue 1, it flows through the lower smoke box 7 at the lower end of the main body. The lower smoke box 7 is connected to the left heat exchange tube 3 and the right heat exchange tube 11, and flows axially into the right heat exchange tube 11. Finally, it is discharged from the right outlet flue 8. The left heat exchange tube 3 and the right heat exchange tube 11 are bolted together and set on the tube sheet between the air ducts of the left main body 19 and the right main body 20 to form a four-pass structure, thereby achieving the purpose of disassembly. This makes it convenient for the staff to replace and maintain the left heat exchange tube 3 and the right heat exchange tube 11, and also to clean the inside of the equipment, thereby improving the working efficiency of the equipment.

[0027] In this embodiment, a right inlet air duct 9 is provided at the front end of the upper right body 16. Air enters from the right inlet air duct 9 and flows radially through the gap outside the right heat exchange tube 11 inside the upper right body 16 for the first round of heat exchange. Then, it flows axially through the turning air duct A12 provided at the rear end of the upper right body 15. A guide plate 10 is provided inside the turning air duct A12. The inlet and outlet of the guide plate 10 are arc transitions, which facilitates smooth air flow. The air flows radially along the guide plate 10 through the gap outside the right heat exchange tube 11 inside the lower right body 16 for the second round of heat exchange. Then, it flows radially through the turning air duct C18 provided in the middle of the body to the gap outside the left heat exchange tube 11 inside the lower left body 14 for the third round of heat exchange. Then, it flows axially through the turning air duct B17 provided at the rear end of the upper left cavity 13. Finally, it flows radially through the gap outside the left heat exchange tube 11 inside the upper left body 13 for the fourth round of heat exchange. Finally, the air is discharged from the left outlet air duct 4 at the front end of the upper left body 15.

[0028] The usage process or principle of this utility model:

[0029] First, the air preheater is divided into a left body 19 and a right body 20. The left body 19 and the right body 20 are connected by flanges with sealing rings. The sealing rings are high-temperature resistant and easy to replace. The flanges are detachably connected by bolts. Inside the left body 19 and the right body 20, an upper tube sheet 2, a middle tube sheet 5, and a lower tube sheet 6 are arranged sequentially. The left heat exchange tube 3 and the right heat exchange tube 11 are fixed on the upper tube sheet 2, the middle tube sheet 5, and the lower tube sheet 6. The middle tube sheet 5 divides the left body 19 into an upper left body 13 and a lower left body 14. 5. The right body 20 is divided into the upper right body 15 and the lower right body 16. A left inlet flue 1 is provided at the upper end of the upper left body 13. When the flue gas enters the heat transfer tube 3 axially from the left inlet flue 1, it flows through the lower smoke box 7 provided at the lower end of the shell, and then flows axially into the right heat exchange tube 11. Finally, it flows out from the right outlet flue 8 provided at the upper end of the upper right body 15. A right inlet air duct 9 is provided at the front end of the upper right body 16. Air enters from the right inlet air duct 9 and flows radially through the gap outside the right heat exchange tube 11 inside the upper right body 16. The air undergoes a first-pass heat exchange, then flows axially through a turning duct A12 located at the rear end of the upper right body 15. A guide plate 10 is installed within the turning duct A12, with rounded inlets and outlets to facilitate smooth airflow. The air then flows radially along the guide plate 10 through the gap outside the right heat exchange tube 11 within the lower right body 16 for a second-pass heat exchange. Finally, it flows radially through a turning duct C18 located in the middle of the shell, passing through the gap outside the left heat exchange tube 11 within the lower left body 14 for a third-pass heat exchange. The air flows axially through the turning duct B17 set at the rear end of the upper left body 13, and finally flows radially through the gap outside the left heat exchange tube 11 inside the upper left body 13 for the fourth pass of heat exchange. Finally, the air is discharged from the left outlet duct 4 at the front end of the upper left body 15. The left heat exchange tube 3 and the right heat exchange tube 11 are connected by bolts and set on the tube sheet between the ducts inside the left body 19 and the right body 20 to form a four-pass structure. When the heat exchange tubes in the boiler need maintenance, the bolts between the tubes are unscrewed, and the heat exchange tubes are disassembled and replaced.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A detachable air preheater structure for oil / gas-fired organic heat carrier boilers, characterized in that: The air preheater is divided into a left body (19) and a right body (20). The left body (19) and the right body (20) are connected by flanges with sealing rings. The flanges are detachably connected by bolts. The left body (19) and the right body (20) are respectively provided with an upper tube sheet (2), a middle tube sheet (5) and a lower tube sheet (6). The left heat exchange tube (3) and the right heat exchange tube (11) are fixed on the upper tube sheet (2), the middle tube sheet (5) and the lower tube sheet (6). The middle tube sheet (5) divides the left body (19) into the upper left body (13) and the lower left body (14). The middle tube sheet (5) divides the right body (20) into the upper right body (15) and the lower right body (16). The left inlet flue (1) is provided at the upper end of the upper left body (13). The upper right body (15) is provided with a right outlet flue (8). When the flue gas enters the left heat exchange tube (3) axially from the left inlet flue (1), it flows through the lower smoke box (7) provided at the lower end of the body. The lower smoke box (7) is connected to the left heat exchange tube (3) and the right heat exchange tube (11), flows axially into the right heat exchange tube (11), and finally exits from the right outlet flue (8). The left heat exchange tube (3) and the right heat exchange tube (11) are connected by bolts and set on the tube sheet between the air ducts in the left body (19) and the right body (20) to form a four-pass structure, thereby achieving the purpose of disassembly. This facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the left heat exchange tube (3) and the right heat exchange tube (11) by the staff, and also cleans the inside of the equipment, improving the working efficiency of the equipment. The upper right body (15) has a right inlet air duct (9) at its front end. Air enters from the right inlet air duct (9) and flows radially through the gap outside the right heat exchange tube (11) inside the upper right body (15) for the first round of heat exchange. Then, it flows axially through the turning air duct A (12) at the rear end of the upper right body (15). A guide plate (10) is installed inside the turning air duct A (12). The inlet and outlet of the guide plate (10) are rounded to facilitate smooth airflow. The air flows radially along the guide plate (10) through the lower right body (16). The air undergoes a second heat exchange through the gap outside the right heat exchange tube (11) inside the body, and then flows radially through the turning duct C (18) set in the middle of the body to the gap outside the left heat exchange tube (3) inside the lower left body (14) for a third heat exchange. Then it flows axially through the turning duct B (17) set at the rear end of the upper left body (13), and finally flows radially through the gap outside the left heat exchange tube (3) inside the upper left body (13) for a fourth heat exchange. Finally, the air is discharged from the left outlet duct (4) at the front end of the upper left body (13).

2. A boiler comprising the detachable air preheater structure for an oil / gas-fired organic heat carrier boiler as described in claim 1.

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