Three-dimensional measuring device for detecting geometrical morphology and defects of railway vehicle wheel set

Abstract

The utility model provides a three-dimensional measuring device for detecting geometrical morphology and defects of a railway vehicle wheel set, which relates to the technical field of wheel sets in rail transit equipment and comprises a movable measuring table body, a second horizontal guide rail is mounted at the top of the movable measuring table body, a first horizontal guide rail is mounted at the top of the second horizontal guide rail, and a second horizontal guide rail is mounted at the bottom of the first horizontal guide rail. A vertical lifting platform is installed at the top of the horizontal guide rail I, and a measuring assembly is installed at the top of the vertical lifting platform. The measuring device is novel in overall design, simple in structure, easy and convenient to operate, high in efficiency and capable of meeting the requirement for detecting the wheel set of the railway vehicle, and therefore the measuring device is worthy of being widely used and popularized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wheelset inspection technology in rail transit equipment, and more specifically, it relates to a three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometric shape and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical component in rail transit, the condition of wheelsets directly impacts operational safety. During operation, the high-frequency dynamic forces between the wheelsets and rails can cause two types of defects: tread defects and fatigue defects. Therefore, it is necessary to inspect wheelsets for these defects, promptly assess their service condition, and take appropriate measures to ensure the safe operation of rail transit equipment. Currently, wheelset inspection primarily employs three levels of maintenance: daily dynamic monitoring, periodic online monitoring, and periodic wheel removal inspection. These levels mainly utilize methods such as optical non-contact measurement, electromagnetic ultrasonic testing, phased array ultrasonic testing, and magnetic particle testing.

[0003] Based on the above, the inventors have discovered the following problems: Currently, all kinds of measurement methods have the problem of detecting only one physical quantity, that is, they can only inspect surface or near-surface defects and cannot simultaneously measure geometric dimensions such as out-of-roundness. Moreover, due to the influence of the inspection level, various detection methods are limited in practical use.

[0004] Therefore, in view of this, we have studied and improved the existing structure and its shortcomings, and provided a three-dimensional measurement device for detecting the geometry and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets, in order to achieve a more practical purpose. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose and effectiveness of this utility model, a three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets, are achieved through the following specific technical means:

[0006] A three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of wheelsets of rail vehicles includes a movable measuring platform body, a second horizontal guide rail mounted on the top of the movable measuring platform body, a first horizontal guide rail mounted on the top of the second horizontal guide rail, a vertical lifting platform mounted on the top of the first horizontal guide rail, and a measuring component mounted on the top of the vertical lifting platform.

[0007] Furthermore, the measurement assembly includes a high-precision three-dimensional moving stage one and a high-precision three-dimensional moving stage two installed on the top of the vertical lifting platform. A horizontally placed laser displacement sensor is installed on one side of the upper end face of the high-precision three-dimensional moving stage one, and a vertically placed laser displacement sensor and a magnetic field measuring device are installed on one side of the upper end face of the high-precision three-dimensional moving stage two.

[0008] Furthermore, the magnetic field measuring device consists of a permanent magnet and a magnetic field sensor.

[0009] Furthermore, a computer is installed on one side of the horizontal guide rail, located on the upper surface of the movable measuring platform body. The computer is connected to various devices via connecting cables and signal junction boxes.

[0010] Furthermore, the movable measuring platform body is equipped with casters on all four corners of its bottom surface, and a pair of wheels is provided on one side of the movable measuring platform body.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. This application discloses a three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometric morphology and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets. The measuring unit measures the changes in the magnetic field and geometric dimensions of the morphology caused by the presence of defects. During the measurement process, no overall adjustment of the device is required. The measuring unit is adjusted by a three-dimensional sliding guide rail and a three-dimensional moving platform. It is simple to operate, highly efficient, and can meet the detection needs of rail vehicle wheelsets.

[0013] 2. The present application provides a three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets. The device can be easily moved within the measurement site by means of casters, making it highly adaptable to the environment.

[0014] 3. The present application provides a three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets. The measuring unit is positioned on the wheel test area by two laser rangefinders, one horizontal and one vertical. The positioning adjustment is completed by adjusting the three-dimensional sliding guide rail. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets according to this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a partial top view schematic diagram of a three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets according to this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a partial bottom view of a three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of wheelsets in rail vehicles, according to this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram, the correspondence between component names and drawing numbers is as follows:

[0019] 1. Portable measuring stage with casters; 2. Portable measuring stage body; 3. Computer; 4. Vertical lifting platform; 5. High-precision three-dimensional moving stage one; 6. Horizontally placed laser displacement sensor; 7. Vertically placed laser displacement sensor; 8. Magnetic field measuring device; 9. High-precision three-dimensional moving stage two; 10. Wheelset; 11. Horizontal guide rail one; 12. Signal junction box; 13. Horizontal guide rail two. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Example:

[0024] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 As shown:

[0025] This utility model provides a three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of wheelsets of rail vehicles, including a movable measuring platform body 2. A second horizontal guide rail 13 is installed on the top of the movable measuring platform body 2. A first horizontal guide rail 11 is installed on the top of the second horizontal guide rail 13. A vertical lifting platform 4 is installed on the top of the first horizontal guide rail 11. A measuring component is installed on the top of the vertical lifting platform 4.

[0026] The measuring components include a high-precision three-dimensional moving stage 5 and a high-precision three-dimensional moving stage 9 installed on the top of the vertical lifting platform 4. A horizontally placed laser displacement sensor 6 is installed on one side of the upper end face of the high-precision three-dimensional moving stage 5, and a vertically placed laser displacement sensor 7 and a magnetic field measuring device 8 are installed on one side of the upper end face of the high-precision three-dimensional moving stage 9.

[0027] The magnetic field measuring device 8 consists of a permanent magnet and a magnetic field sensor.

[0028] Among them, a computer 3 is installed on one side of the horizontal guide rail 13 on the upper surface of the movable measuring platform body 2. The computer 3 is connected to various devices through connecting cables and signal junction box 12.

[0029] The movable measuring platform body 2 is equipped with four casters 1 on the bottom corners of the movable measuring platform body 2, and a wheel pair 10 is provided on one side of the movable measuring platform body 2. With the casters provided by this device, this application can become a portable measuring device applicable to all fields.

[0030] The specific usage and function of this embodiment are as follows:

[0031] In this invention, during use, the laser displacement sensor and magnetic field sensing device are adjusted using a position adjustment platform to position the measuring unit at the required detection position on the wheelset. Subsequently, the measuring unit is further adjusted using the position adjustment platform as needed to achieve the required measurement. In summary, the entire process only requires adjustment of the measuring unit using a three-dimensional sliding guide rail. Compared with existing detection methods, this method is simple to operate, requires no coupling medium or magnetic powder, has strong environmental adaptability, and high measurement accuracy. It can meet the detection requirements for geometric dimensions and defects of wheelset treads, rims, and flanges in rail transit.

[0032] The embodiments of this utility model are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of this utility model, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand this utility model and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of wheelsets of rail vehicles, comprising a movable measuring platform body (2), characterized in that: The top of the movable measuring platform body (2) is equipped with a second horizontal guide rail (13), the top of the second horizontal guide rail (13) is equipped with a first horizontal guide rail (11), the top of the first horizontal guide rail (11) is equipped with a vertical lifting platform (4), and the top of the vertical lifting platform (4) is equipped with a measuring component.

2. The three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring components include a high-precision three-dimensional moving stage one (5) and a high-precision three-dimensional moving stage two (9) installed on the top of the vertical lifting platform (4). A horizontally placed laser displacement sensor (6) is installed on one side of the upper end face of the high-precision three-dimensional moving stage one (5), and a vertically placed laser displacement sensor (7) and a magnetic field measuring device (8) are installed on one side of the upper end face of the high-precision three-dimensional moving stage two (9).

3. The three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic field measuring device (8) consists of a permanent magnet and a magnetic field sensor.

4. The three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A computer (3) is installed on one side of the horizontal guide rail (13) on the upper surface of the movable measuring platform body (2). The computer (3) is connected to each device via connecting wires and signal junction box (12).

5. The three-dimensional measuring device for detecting the geometry and defects of rail vehicle wheelsets as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The movable measuring platform body (2) is equipped with four casters (1) on the bottom corners of each of the four corners, and a pair of wheels (10) is provided on one side of the movable measuring platform body (2).

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