Device for automatically adjusting temperature of gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of gasification furnaces, and discloses a device for automatically adjusting the temperature of a gasification furnace. Comprising a thermocouple structure assembly, a protective moving assembly is installed below the thermocouple structure assembly, the protective moving assembly comprises a sliding layer, the sliding layer is fixed to the side wall of the gasifier wall below the thermocouple structure assembly, a sliding block is arranged in the sliding layer in a sliding mode, and a placing block is integrally formed above the sliding block; a protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the insertion hole in the side wall of the gasification furnace wall through a bolt; one end of a thermocouple body of the thermocouple structure assembly penetrates through the protective sleeve and the gasification furnace wall and is arranged in the gasification furnace; and the thermocouple body is lapped on the placing block. The device has the beneficial effects that the insertion depth is accurate and adjustable to adapt to complex working conditions; temperature measurement and temperature control are in closed-loop linkage, and the control precision is improved; the service life of equipment is prolonged; and operation and maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gasifier technology, specifically to a device for automatically adjusting the temperature of a gasifier. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in the coal chemical industry, the gasifier's temperature control accuracy directly determines gasification efficiency, carbon conversion rate, and equipment operational safety. Accurate temperature detection is a prerequisite for precise temperature control. Currently, among the mainstream temperature detection methods in industry, thermocouples are the preferred equipment for long-term temperature monitoring of gasifiers due to their wide measurement range, high stability, and adaptability to high-temperature conditions. In particular, long thermocouples occupy a core position in primary temperature monitoring, while short thermocouples serve only as auxiliary means.

[0003] In existing technologies, thermocouples used in gasifiers generally adopt a fixed insertion depth installation method. However, in actual production, there are two major pain points: First, the quality of raw coal fluctuates significantly. Modern gasifiers often adapt to various types of coal in order to reduce costs. Changes in coal quality will cause the temperature field inside the furnace to shift, and thermocouples with fixed insertion depth are prone to falling out of the effective temperature measurement area. Second, traditional devices lack precise adjustment mechanisms and can only adjust the insertion depth by manual prying and other crude methods. This not only results in poor adjustment accuracy but also easily causes the thermocouple to bend and be damaged, leading to distorted detection data, which in turn causes abnormal operating conditions, increases the risk of unplanned shutdowns, and causes significant economic losses.

[0004] In terms of control technology, while traditional PID control is widely used, its parameter adaptability is poor when faced with dynamic changes in the furnace temperature field, making precise control difficult. The patent with publication number CN211445637U only addresses the dust and impact protection issues of the temperature control device, without addressing thermocouple insertion depth adjustment or dynamic temperature control optimization, thus failing to meet the precise temperature measurement requirements under complex operating conditions. Therefore, developing an automatic temperature control device capable of precisely adjusting the thermocouple insertion depth and adapting to coal quality fluctuations has become a key requirement for ensuring the long-term stable operation of the gasifier. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a device for automatically adjusting the temperature of a gasifier. The insertion depth is precisely adjustable to adapt to complex working conditions; the closed-loop linkage of temperature measurement and control improves control accuracy; and it extends equipment life and reduces operation and maintenance costs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a device for automatically adjusting the temperature of a gasifier, comprising a thermocouple structure assembly, a protective moving assembly installed below the thermocouple structure assembly, the protective moving assembly including a sliding layer, the sliding layer being fixed to the side wall of the gasifier wall below the thermocouple structure assembly, a slider being slidably disposed within the sliding layer, a placement block being integrally formed above the slider, a protective sleeve being bolted to an insertion hole on the side wall of the gasifier wall, the protective sleeve being made of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel, rigidly connected to the gasifier wall by bolts, capable of withstanding a pressure of 29.4MPa and a medium flow rate of 100m / s, effectively isolating the high-temperature dust inside the furnace from direct contact with the thermocouple, reducing thermocouple erosion and loss. One end of the thermocouple body of the thermocouple structure assembly penetrates the protective sleeve and the gasifier wall and is placed inside the gasifier; the thermocouple body overlaps the placement block.

[0007] Furthermore, the thermocouple structure assembly includes the gasifier wall, with a thermocouple body inserted and connected to the gasifier wall. A device block is fixed to the other end of the thermocouple body, and a connecting wire and a signal transmitter are fixedly installed at the end of the device block away from the thermocouple body.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes an adjustment component, which comprises a device box. Inside the device box, a signal receiver, a control device, an adjustment device, and a temperature sensor are installed. The signal output terminal of the signal transmitter is connected to the signal input terminal of the control device through the signal receiver. The signal output terminal of the control device is connected to the signal input terminal of the temperature sensor through the adjustment device. The temperature sensor controls the temperature inside the gasifier. The adjustment device uses an SR93 series PID control instrument, which has 4-channel PID adjustment function and strong anti-interference design. It can adapt to multiple types of signals such as thermocouples and current, and supports manual and automatic seamless switching. The temperature sensor uses an HL220 high-temperature temperature controller with a temperature measurement range of -70℃ to +750℃, an ohmic value of 1000Ω, and a temperature coefficient of 3850. Its core function, which is to control the fuel supply, is to perform furnace temperature regulation. Specifically, it achieves precise temperature control inside the gasifier by adjusting the fuel supply (such as oxygen, air, etc.) or the raw material supply rate.

[0009] Furthermore, a screen is installed at the top of the device housing.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting wire is connected to the power supply inside the device box.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device for automatically adjusting the temperature of a gasifier, which has the following advantages:

[0012] 1. Precise and adjustable insertion depth to adapt to complex working conditions: Through the cooperation of the sliding layer and slider of the protective moving component, the placement block drives the thermocouple body to move smoothly along the axis. The insertion depth adjustment accuracy reaches ±5mm. It can be automatically adjusted according to changes in coal quality (such as ash melting point and ash content fluctuations) and the temperature field distribution inside the furnace through preset parameters on the screen or control device to ensure that the thermocouple is always in the effective temperature measurement area, which solves the detection distortion problem of traditional fixed installation methods when raw materials fluctuate.

[0013] 2. Closed-loop linkage for temperature measurement and control, improving control accuracy: The thermocouple body adopts an armored heat-shrink structure, and the insulation resistance at room temperature meets the industrial standard of Rr·L≥100MΩ·m (L>1m), with a detection accuracy of ±1℃; the signal transmitter and receiver form an anti-interference signal link, and with the built-in adaptive PID algorithm control device, the output of the regulating device can be dynamically adjusted according to the temperature deviation, so that the furnace temperature fluctuation range is controlled within ±3℃, which is more than 40% more accurate than traditional PID control.

[0014] 3. Extend equipment life and reduce operation and maintenance costs: By precisely adjusting the insertion depth and protective sleeve, damage to thermocouples caused by high temperature erosion and bending can be reduced, and the thermocouple replacement cycle can be extended from the traditional 1-2 months to more than 6 months; the modular design of the overall structure of the device allows the thermocouple body to be quickly disassembled and replaced, shortening the operation and maintenance time by 60% compared with traditional devices. Combined with the long-cycle operation characteristics, the annual operation and maintenance cost of a single furnace can be reduced by 80,000 to 120,000 yuan. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the thermocouple structure component of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural protective moving component of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural adjustment component of this utility model;

[0020] The components include: 1. Thermocouple structural assembly; 101. Gasification furnace wall; 102. Thermocouple body; 103. Device block; 104. Connecting wire; 105. Signal transmitter; 2. Protective moving assembly; 201. Sliding layer; 202. Placement block; 203. Slider; 204. Protective sleeve; 205. Bolt; 3. Adjustment assembly; 301. Device box; 302. Screen; 303. Signal receiver; 304. Control device; 305. Adjustment device; 306. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 4 In this embodiment, an automatic temperature regulating device for a gasifier includes a thermocouple structure assembly 1. A protective moving assembly 2 is installed below the thermocouple structure assembly 1. The protective moving assembly 2 includes a sliding layer 201, which is fixed to the side wall of the gasifier wall 101 below the thermocouple structure assembly 1. A slider 203 is slidably disposed within the sliding layer 201. A placement block 202 is integrally formed above the slider 203. A protective sleeve 204 is fixedly connected to the insertion hole on the side wall of the gasifier wall 101 by bolts 205. One end of the thermocouple body 102 of the thermocouple structure assembly 1 passes through the protective sleeve 204 and the gasifier wall 101 and is placed inside the gasifier. The thermocouple body 102 overlaps the placement block 202.

[0025] The thermocouple structure assembly 1 includes a gasifier wall 101, a thermocouple body 102 is inserted and connected to the gasifier wall 101, a device block 103 is fixed to the other end of the thermocouple body 102, and a connecting wire 104 and a signal transmitter 105 are fixedly installed at the end of the device block 103 away from the thermocouple body 102.

[0026] It also includes an adjustment component 3, which includes a device box 301. Inside the device box 301, a signal receiver 303, a control device 304, an adjustment device 305, and a temperature sensor 306 are installed. The signal output terminal of the signal transmitter 105 is connected to the signal input terminal of the control device 304 through the signal receiver 303. The signal output terminal of the control device 304 is connected to the signal input terminal of the temperature sensor 306 through the adjustment device 305. The temperature sensor 306 controls the temperature inside the gasifier. A screen 302 is installed at the top of the device box 301. A connecting cable 104 is connected to the power supply inside the device box 301.

[0027] 1. Equipment Installation Process

[0028] (1) Thermocouple installation: First, measure the inner diameter (outer diameter of the protective sleeve 204) and thickness parameters of the thermocouple mating flange. Make a hole at the preset position on the gasifier wall 101, and insert the welding end of the mating flange into the hole. Use argon arc welding for the root pass and manual electric arc welding for the cover pass. Control the welding current at 120-150A to avoid welding deformation affecting the sealing performance. Insert the armored thermocouple body 102 through the protective sleeve 204 into the gasifier. The initial insertion depth is set to 1 / 2 of the distance from the gasifier wall 101 to the high-temperature reaction zone inside the gasifier (usually 300-500mm). Fix the protective sleeve 204 to the mating flange with bolts 205. After installation, test the room temperature insulation resistance to ensure that it is not less than 100MΩ.

[0029] (2) Component linkage debugging: Connect the connecting line 104 of the device block 103 to the power supply inside the device box 301. The signal transmitter 105 establishes a communication link with the signal receiver 303. The zero point of the thermocouple body 102 is calibrated through the screen 302. Set the temperature control threshold (optimal temperature for vaporization reaction 1300℃±3℃) and the insertion depth adjustment threshold (trigger manual adjustment when the temperature deviation exceeds 5℃).

[0030] 2. Operation control process

[0031] (1) Temperature detection and signal transmission: The thermocouple body 102 detects the temperature inside the furnace in real time, converts the temperature signal into a 4-20mA electrical signal, and wirelessly transmits it to the signal receiver 303 (TX-GD) of the regulating component 3 through the signal transmitter 105 (DTD110FC-8). The signal receiver 303 demodulates the signal and transmits it to the control device 304. The control device 304 synchronously feeds back the signal to the SR93 series regulating device 305.

[0032] (2) Dynamic adjustment and control: The control device 304 analyzes the temperature deviation through an adaptive PID algorithm. The thermometer 306, as the core execution component, receives adjustment commands and accurately executes furnace temperature adjustment actions: When the detected temperature is below 1297℃, the control device 304 sends a heating signal to the SR93 series adjustment device 305. The adjustment device 305 drives the HL220 thermometer 306 to increase the supply of combustion aid (such as oxygen or air), thereby increasing the furnace temperature by enhancing the combustion intensity inside the furnace. When the temperature is above 1303℃, the adjustment device 305 controls the thermometer 306 to reduce the supply of combustion aid, thereby reducing the combustion intensity and achieving cooling. The thermometer 306, with a transmission accuracy of ±0.3%FS, can ensure precise control of the amount of combustion aid. If the temperature deviation exceeds 5℃ for 30 consecutive seconds, the screen 302 issues an audible and visual alarm, indicating that the temperature field deviation needs to be adjusted and the thermocouple insertion depth needs to be adjusted. According to the temperature deviation value displayed on screen 302, the staff manually adjusts slider 203 and thermocouple body 102, and adjusts the insertion depth with reference to the scale (±5mm each time) until the temperature returns to the threshold range. During the adjustment process, the real-time adjustment parameters (fuel supply) and operating status of temperature sensor 306 are displayed synchronously on screen 302.

[0033] (3) Optimization of operating conditions: When the quality of raw coal is changed (ash melting point increases), the temperature control threshold can be manually corrected through screen 302, and the system will automatically adapt to the temperature control parameters under the new operating conditions. At this time, the function of thermostat 306 is to adapt to the reaction temperature requirements of the new coal type. With its wide range of -70℃ to +750℃, it can work stably under the new temperature threshold. At the same time, the staff can refer to the historical adjustment data and adjust the initial insertion depth of the thermocouple preset by slider 203. The SR93 series adjustment device 305 will simultaneously calibrate the combustion aid adjustment step of thermostat 306, so that thermostat 306 can accurately match the furnace temperature control rhythm under the new coal type. There is no need to disassemble and adjust the hardware structure. The adaptation process is convenient and efficient.

[0034] 3. Maintenance and Care Guidelines

[0035] Every 30 days of operation, the signal transmission strength and alarm function are checked via screen 302 to ensure normal communication and prompts. Every 60 days, the furnace is shut down to check the wear of the protective sleeve 204 and the smoothness of the sliding of the slider 203. If the wall thickness is reduced by more than 1 / 3, the protective sleeve 204 is replaced. If the slider 203 is stuck, it is lubricated. The thermocouple body 102 is replaced after a cumulative use of 6 months. When replacing, the correspondence between the scale of the slider 203 and the insertion depth is recalibrated to ensure adjustment accuracy.

[0036] After adopting this device, the continuous operation cycle of a chemical plant's 2000-ton gasifier was extended from the original 300 days to more than 520 days, the thermocouple replacement frequency was reduced by 65%, the furnace temperature control accuracy was improved to ±3℃, the number of unplanned shutdowns caused by improper thermocouple adjustment was reduced by 80%, the annual reduction in related losses was about 450,000 yuan, the range of applicable coal types was expanded from 5 to more than 12, and the device balanced adjustment accuracy with ease of operation, significantly improving production stability and economy.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for automatically regulating the temperature of a gasifier, characterized in that, The thermocouple structure assembly (1) is included. A protective moving assembly (2) is installed below the thermocouple structure assembly (1). The protective moving assembly (2) includes a sliding layer (201). The sliding layer (201) is fixed on the side wall of the gasifier wall (101) below the thermocouple structure assembly (1). A slider (203) is slidably arranged in the sliding layer (201). A placement block (202) is integrally formed above the slider (203). A protective sleeve (204) is fixedly connected to the insertion hole of the side wall of the gasifier wall (101) by bolts (205). One end of the thermocouple body (102) of the thermocouple structure assembly (1) passes through the protective sleeve (204) and the gasifier wall (101) and is placed inside the gasifier. The thermocouple body (102) overlaps the placement block (202).

2. The device for automatically adjusting the temperature of a gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermocouple structure assembly (1) includes the gasifier wall (101), a thermocouple body (102) is inserted and connected on the gasifier wall (101), a device block (103) is fixed at the other end of the thermocouple body (102), and a connecting wire (104) and a signal transmitter (105) are fixedly installed at the end of the device block (103) away from the thermocouple body (102).

3. The device for automatically adjusting the temperature of a gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an adjustment component (3), which includes a device box (301). Inside the device box (301) are a signal receiver (303), a control device (304), an adjustment device (305), and a thermometer (306). The signal output terminal of the signal transmitter (105) is connected to the signal input terminal of the control device (304) through the signal receiver (303). The signal output terminal of the control device (304) is connected to the signal input terminal of the thermometer (306) through the adjustment device (305). The thermometer (306) controls the temperature inside the gasifier.

4. The device for automatically adjusting the temperature of a gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that, A screen (302) is installed at the upper end of the device box (301).

5. The device for automatically adjusting the temperature of a gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting line (104) is connected to the power supply inside the device box (301).

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