Salt solution desalination power generation system capable of driving ion separation by mechanical energy
The mechanically driven ion separation system uses reverse osmosis membranes and cation and anion exchange membranes to separate water molecules and ions, enabling salt solution desalination and power generation. This solves the problem of low energy conversion efficiency of solid materials due to the piezoelectric effect, and improves energy utilization efficiency and application scenarios.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520535065.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-25
AI Technical Summary
When existing piezoelectric effects rely on solid materials, the energy conversion efficiency is low and the application scenarios are limited, making it difficult to achieve an efficient combination of salt solution desalination and power generation.
A salt solution desalination and power generation system that uses mechanical energy to drive ion separation separates water molecules and ions using reverse osmosis membranes and anion and cation exchange membranes. Combined with an energy storage device, it realizes functions such as salt solution desalination, power generation, and production of hydrogen, oxygen, acids, and alkalis.
It improves energy conversion efficiency, enabling efficient desalination and power generation of brine solutions, while producing clean energy and industrial raw materials, which aligns with the concept of a circular economy.
Smart Images
Figure CN223942606U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrochemical technology, specifically relating to a salt solution desalination and power generation system that uses mechanical energy to drive ion separation. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the realization of the piezoelectric effect mainly relies on solid materials such as piezoelectric ceramics. When materials such as barium titanate, barium carbonate, and lithium niobate are deformed under force in a certain direction, their internal polarization occurs, and at the same time, opposite charges appear on two opposing surfaces to convert mechanical energy into electrical potential energy, thereby generating usable electrical energy. However, this method has always suffered from problems such as low energy conversion efficiency and limited application scenarios. Utility Model Content
[0003] The main purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a salt solution desalination and power generation system that uses mechanical energy to drive ion separation. This invention adopts a new piezoelectric effect principle and structural form to realize the functions of salt solution desalination and power generation, and can also produce hydrogen, oxygen (or chlorine), acid and alkali.
[0004] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0005] A mechanically driven salt solution desalination and power generation system uses reverse osmosis membranes to separate water molecules from the salt solution and anion and cation exchange membranes to separate anions and cations into different chambers. It simultaneously generates electricity, desalinates the salt solution, and produces hydrogen, oxygen, or chlorine, as well as acid and alkali. It includes a main chamber, a cation exchange chamber, an anion exchange chamber, a piston, and an energy storage device.
[0006] The bottom surface of the main chamber is provided with a main water inlet and a main water outlet, and a reverse osmosis membrane is installed at the main water outlet. A piston is installed at the top of the main chamber. The piston reciprocates along the inner wall of the main chamber to compress or expand the volume inside the main chamber. That is, the piston can transmit mechanical energy to the inside of the system, thereby driving the liquid and gas in the system to enter and exit.
[0007] The cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber are positioned opposite each other on the left and right sides of the main chamber. The lower parts of the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber are respectively connected to the lower part of the main chamber. A cation exchange membrane is installed at the connection point between the cation exchange chamber and the main chamber, and an anion exchange membrane is installed at the connection point between the anion exchange chamber and the main chamber. The cation exchange membrane enables the enrichment of cations in the salt solution in the cation exchange chamber, and the anion exchange membrane enables the enrichment of anions in the salt solution in the anion exchange chamber.
[0008] The top of the cation exchange chamber is provided with a first exhaust valve, which is used for hydrogen output and pressure regulation. The bottom surface of the cation exchange chamber is provided with a first water inlet and a first drain outlet. The top of the anion exchange chamber is provided with a second exhaust valve, which is used for oxygen or chlorine output and pressure regulation. The bottom surface of the anion exchange chamber is provided with a second water inlet and a second drain outlet.
[0009] A pressurized salt solution enters the corresponding main chamber, cation exchange chamber, and anion exchange chamber through the main inlet, first inlet, and second inlet, respectively. The salt solution in the main chamber is desalinated through the reverse osmosis membrane and then discharged through the main outlet. After the salt solutions in the cation exchange chamber and anion exchange chamber have finished reacting, they are discharged through the corresponding first outlet and second outlet, respectively.
[0010] The positive electrode of the energy storage device is electrically connected to the cation exchange chamber via a wire, and the negative electrode of the energy storage device is electrically connected to the anion exchange chamber via a wire. The wires extend to the bottom of the corresponding cation exchange chamber and anion exchange chamber, respectively, forming a current path within the wires. The energy storage device is used to store the generated electrical energy.
[0011] This invention uses cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes to separate cations and anions into different chambers to generate a potential difference, thereby achieving power generation and salt solution desalination. It can also produce hydrogen, oxygen or chlorine, acid, and alkali.
[0012] Furthermore, the main chamber, cation exchange chamber, and anion exchange chamber are all made of insulating materials and are all airtight structures to prevent energy loss.
[0013] Furthermore, the exhaust rate of the first exhaust valve is twice that of the second exhaust valve, and the pressure in the main chamber, cation exchange chamber, and anion exchange chamber is relatively balanced, so that the cation exchange membrane and anion exchange membrane are not subjected to mechanical pressure, while preventing water molecules in the system from passing through the cation exchange membrane and anion exchange membrane.
[0014] The method of using the mechanical energy-driven ion separation salt solution desalination power generation system as described above includes the following steps:
[0015] S1. The first and second exhaust valves remain open, the main inlet, the first inlet, and the second inlet are open, and the main outlet, the first outlet, and the second outlet are closed. A salt solution with a certain pressure enters the corresponding main chamber, cation exchange chamber, and anion exchange chamber through the main inlet, the first inlet, and the second inlet, respectively. When the piston rises to the highest point, the main inlet, the first inlet, and the second inlet are closed.
[0016] S2. When an external force drives the piston downwards, the first and second exhaust valves remain open, and the main drain outlet opens. At this time, water molecules in the salt solution in the main chamber are discharged through the reverse osmosis membrane from the main drain outlet. The liquid discharged from the main drain outlet is fresh water that has undergone salt solution desalination, which is used to supply production and living needs. Cations in the salt solution in the main chamber enter the cation exchange chamber through the cation exchange membrane, making the salt solution in the cation exchange chamber positively charged. Anions in the salt solution in the main chamber enter the anion exchange chamber through the anion exchange membrane, making the salt solution in the anion exchange chamber negatively charged. A potential difference is generated between the salt solutions in the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber, thereby generating current in the wires, and the energy storage device stores electrical energy.
[0017] At the same time, a reduction reaction occurs in the cation exchange chamber, where water molecules are reduced to H2 and OH. — H2 is discharged from the first exhaust valve; an oxidation reaction occurs in the anion exchange chamber, where water molecules are oxidized into O2 and H2. + , or Cl — It is oxidized to Cl2, and O2 or Cl2 is discharged from the second exhaust valve;
[0018] S3. When the piston is driven by external force to descend to the lowest point, the pressure on the piston is stopped. The first and second exhaust valves remain open, the main drain port is closed, and the first and second drain ports are open. At this time, the reduction reaction in the cation exchange chamber stops, the oxidation reaction in the anion exchange chamber stops, and the current in the wire disappears.
[0019] Meanwhile, the liquid discharged from the first drain outlet is an alkaline solution, used for alkali purification and industrial production; the liquid discharged from the second drain outlet is an acidic solution, used for acid purification and industrial production.
[0020] S4. Once the liquid in both the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber has been drained, the first drain outlet and the second drain outlet are closed. At this point, the mechanical energy drives the salt solution desalination power generation system that separates ions to complete one working cycle.
[0021] S5. Repeat steps S1 to S4 above to desalinate the salt solution and generate electricity.
[0022] Furthermore, in step S2, a large number of water molecules in the main chamber are discharged through the reverse osmosis membrane from the main drain outlet after being pressurized, resulting in an increase in the salt solution concentration in the main chamber. A concentration difference is generated between the salt solution in the main chamber and the salt solutions in the cation exchange chamber and anion exchange chamber, which promotes the anions and cations in the salt solution in the main chamber to pass through the anion exchange membrane and cation exchange membrane respectively into the corresponding anion exchange chamber and cation exchange chamber, thereby achieving ion separation.
[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0024] 1) This invention extends the piezoelectric effect from solid materials to fluid systems, enabling functions such as salt solution desalination and hydrogen production through mechanical energy-driven ion separation. Traditional piezoelectric materials are limited to power generation or sensing, while this system achieves energy conversion through ion migration, broadening the application scenarios of piezoelectric technology.
[0025] 2) This invention can realize the piezoelectric effect, the conversion of mechanical energy to chemical energy, water electrolysis, salt solution desalination, and output of electrical energy; simultaneously producing hydrogen as a clean energy source, as well as oxygen or chlorine and other substances that can be used as raw materials for industrial production; simultaneously completing the separation of water molecules to achieve salt solution desalination and achieve the purpose of producing fresh water; simultaneously achieving the enrichment of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions to produce acids and bases for industrial production. This process conforms to the concept of circular economy and improves the energy conversion and utilization efficiency in the piezoelectric process compared to achieving the piezoelectric effect through solid materials. Attached Figure Description
[0026] The embodiments of this application are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not restrictive; the same numbers in these embodiments denote the same structures, wherein:
[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water intake process of this utility model;
[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ion separation, power generation capacity, and salt solution desalination process of this utility model;
[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage and system reset process of this utility model.
[0032] in:
[0033] 1 is the main chamber, 2 is the cation exchange chamber, 3 is the anion exchange chamber, 4 is the cation exchange membrane, 5 is the anion exchange membrane, 6 is the main inlet, 7 is the main outlet, 8 is the first inlet, 9 is the first outlet, 10 is the second inlet, 11 is the second outlet, 12 is the first vent valve, 13 is the second vent valve, 14 is the piston, 15 is the wire, 16 is the energy storage device, and 17 is the reverse osmosis membrane. Detailed Implementation
[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The illustrated mechanical energy-driven ion separation salt solution desalination power generation system includes a main chamber 1, a cation exchange chamber 2, an anion exchange chamber 3, a piston 14, and an energy storage device 16, wherein:
[0036] The bottom surface of the main chamber 1 is provided with a main water inlet 6 and a main water outlet 7, and a reverse osmosis membrane 17 is provided at the main water outlet 7; a piston 14 is provided at the top of the main chamber 1, and the piston 14 reciprocates along the inner wall of the main chamber 1 to compress or expand the volume inside the main chamber 1.
[0037] The cation exchange chamber 2 and the anion exchange chamber 3 are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides of the main chamber 1. The lower part of the cation exchange chamber 2 and the lower part of the anion exchange chamber 3 are respectively connected to the lower part of the main chamber 1. A cation exchange membrane 4 is provided at the position where the cation exchange chamber 2 is connected to the main chamber 1, and an anion exchange membrane 5 is provided at the position where the anion exchange chamber 3 is connected to the main chamber 1.
[0038] The top of the cation exchange chamber 2 is provided with a first exhaust valve 12, which is used for hydrogen output and pressure regulation. The bottom surface of the cation exchange chamber 2 is provided with a first water inlet 8 and a first drain outlet 9. The top of the anion exchange chamber 3 is provided with a second exhaust valve 13, which is used for oxygen or chlorine output and pressure regulation. The bottom surface of the anion exchange chamber 3 is provided with a second water inlet 10 and a second drain outlet 11.
[0039] A pressurized salt solution enters the corresponding main chamber 1, cation exchange chamber 2, and anion exchange chamber 3 through the main inlet 6, the first inlet 8, and the second inlet 10, respectively. The salt solution in the main chamber 1 is desalinated through the reverse osmosis membrane 17 and then discharged through the main outlet 7. After the salt solution in the cation exchange chamber 2 and the anion exchange chamber 3 has finished reacting, it is discharged through the corresponding first outlet 9 and second outlet 11, respectively.
[0040] The positive electrode of the energy storage device 16 is electrically connected to the cation exchange chamber 2 via a wire 15, and the negative electrode of the energy storage device 16 is electrically connected to the anion exchange chamber 3 via a wire 15, with the wires extending to the bottom of the corresponding cation exchange chamber 2 and anion exchange chamber 3 respectively.
[0041] Furthermore, the main chamber 1, cation exchange chamber 2, and anion exchange chamber 3 are all made of insulating materials and are all airtight structures.
[0042] like Figures 3 to 5 The method of using the mechanically driven ion separation salt solution desalination power generation system shown includes the following steps:
[0043] S1, the first exhaust valve 12 and the second exhaust valve 13 remain open, the main inlet 6, the first inlet 8 and the second inlet 10 are open, and the main outlet 7, the first outlet 9 and the second outlet 11 are closed; the salt solution with a certain pressure enters the corresponding main chamber 1, cation exchange chamber 2 and anion exchange chamber 3 through the main inlet 6, the first inlet 8 and the second inlet 10 respectively. When the piston 14 rises to the highest point, the main inlet 6, the first inlet 8 and the second inlet 10 are closed;
[0044] S2. When an external force is applied, the piston 14 is driven downward under pressure. The first exhaust valve 12 and the second exhaust valve 13 remain open, and the main drain port 7 is opened. At this time, water molecules in the salt solution in the main chamber 1 are discharged through the reverse osmosis membrane 17 and the main drain port 7. The liquid discharged from the main drain port 7 is fresh water that has completed the salt solution desalination. The cations in the salt solution in the main chamber 1 enter the cation exchange chamber 2 through the cation exchange membrane 4, making the salt solution in the cation exchange chamber 2 positively charged. The anions in the salt solution in the main chamber 1 enter the anion exchange chamber 3 through the anion exchange membrane 5, making the salt solution in the anion exchange chamber 3 negatively charged. A potential difference is generated between the salt solution in the cation exchange chamber 2 and the salt solution in the anion exchange chamber 3, thereby generating a current in the wire 15, and the energy storage device 16 stores electrical energy.
[0045] Based on this, a large number of water molecules in the main chamber 1 are discharged through the reverse osmosis membrane 17 and the main drain outlet 7 after being compressed, which leads to an increase in the salt solution concentration in the main chamber 1. The salt solution in the main chamber 1 and the salt solutions in the cation exchange chamber 2 and anion exchange chamber 3 are generated with a concentration difference, which promotes the anions and cations of the salt solution in the main chamber 1 to enter the corresponding anion exchange chamber 3 and cation exchange chamber 2 through the anion exchange membrane 5 and cation exchange membrane 4, respectively, to achieve ion separation.
[0046] Meanwhile, a reduction reaction occurs in cation exchange chamber 2, where water molecules are reduced to H2 and OH. — H2 is discharged from the first exhaust valve 12; an oxidation reaction occurs in the anion exchange chamber 3, where water molecules are oxidized into O2 and H2. + , or Cl — It is oxidized to Cl2, and O2 or Cl2 is discharged from the second exhaust valve 13; wherein, the exhaust rate of the first exhaust valve 12 is twice the exhaust rate of the second exhaust valve 13, and the pressure in the main chamber 1 is relatively balanced with that in the cation exchange chamber 2 and the anion exchange chamber 3;
[0047] S3. When the piston 14 is driven by external force to descend to the lowest point, the pressure applied to the piston (14) is stopped. The first exhaust valve 12 and the second exhaust valve 13 remain open, the main drain port 7 is closed, and the first drain port 9 and the second drain port 11 are opened. At this time, the reduction reaction in the cation exchange chamber 2 stops, the oxidation reaction in the anion exchange chamber 3 stops, and the current in the wire 15 disappears.
[0048] Meanwhile, the liquid discharged from the first drain outlet 9 is an alkaline solution used for alkali purification; the liquid discharged from the second drain outlet 11 is an acidic solution used for acid purification.
[0049] S4. Once the liquid in both the cation exchange chamber 2 and the anion exchange chamber 3 has been drained, the first drain outlet 9 and the second drain outlet 11 are closed. At this point, the mechanical energy drives the salt solution desalination power generation system with ion separation to complete one working cycle.
[0050] S5. Repeat steps S1 to S4 above to desalinate the salt solution and generate electricity.
[0051] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A salt solution desalination power generation system with mechanical energy-driven ion separation, comprising a main chamber (1), a cation exchange chamber (2), an anion exchange chamber (3), a piston (14), and an energy storage device (16), characterized in that: The bottom surface of the main chamber (1) is provided with a main water inlet (6) and a main water outlet (7), and a reverse osmosis membrane (17) is provided at the main water outlet (7); a piston (14) is provided at the top of the main chamber (1), and the piston (14) moves back and forth along the inner wall of the main chamber (1) to compress or expand the volume inside the main chamber (1); The cation exchange chamber (2) and the anion exchange chamber (3) are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides of the main chamber (1). The lower part of the cation exchange chamber (2) and the lower part of the anion exchange chamber (3) are respectively connected to the lower part of the main chamber (1). A cation exchange membrane (4) is provided at the position where the cation exchange chamber (2) is connected to the main chamber (1), and an anion exchange membrane (5) is provided at the position where the anion exchange chamber (3) is connected to the main chamber (1). The top of the cation exchange chamber (2) is provided with a first exhaust valve (12), which is used for hydrogen output and pressure regulation. The bottom surface of the cation exchange chamber (2) is provided with a first water inlet (8) and a first drain outlet (9). The top of the anion exchange chamber (3) is provided with a second exhaust valve (13), which is used for oxygen or chlorine output and pressure regulation. The bottom surface of the anion exchange chamber (3) is provided with a second water inlet (10) and a second drain outlet (11). A salt solution with a certain pressure enters the corresponding main chamber (1), cation exchange chamber (2), and anion exchange chamber (3) through the main inlet (6), the first inlet (8), and the second inlet (10), respectively. The salt solution in the main chamber (1) is desalinated through the reverse osmosis membrane (17) and then discharged through the main drain outlet (7). After the salt solution in the cation exchange chamber (2) and the anion exchange chamber (3) has finished reacting, it is discharged through the corresponding first drain outlet (9) and second drain outlet (11), respectively. The positive electrode of the energy storage device (16) is electrically connected to the cation exchange chamber (2) via a wire (15), and the negative electrode of the energy storage device (16) is electrically connected to the anion exchange chamber (3) via a wire (15). The wires extend to the bottom of the corresponding cation exchange chamber (2) and anion exchange chamber (3), respectively.
2. The salt solution desalination and power generation system with mechanical energy-driven ion separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main chamber (1), cation exchange chamber (2), and anion exchange chamber (3) are all made of insulating materials and are all airtight structures.
3. The salt solution desalination and power generation system with mechanical energy-driven ion separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust rate of the first exhaust valve (12) is twice that of the exhaust rate of the second exhaust valve (13), and the pressure in the main chamber (1) is relatively balanced with that in the cation exchange chamber (2) and the anion exchange chamber (3).