Resource recycling system for treating kitchen garbage which is not completely classified
By using a dual shaftless spiral drainer, a bag-breaking machine, two-stage screening, and flocculation dewatering technology to process unsorted kitchen waste, the problems of system blockage and low resource recovery rate have been solved, achieving efficient resource utilization and stable operation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing food waste treatment systems are prone to clogging when not sorted, resulting in low resource recovery rates, low utilization value of organic matter, and high oil content that affects anaerobic fermentation efficiency.
The system employs a dual shaftless spiral drainer, a bag-breaking machine, two-stage screening, flocculation dewatering technology, and PAM flocculant to treat unsorted kitchen waste, removing free water and grease, finely separating organic matter from inorganic impurities, and improving screening efficiency and organic matter recovery rate.
It improves the stability and resource recovery rate of the kitchen waste pretreatment system, reduces the risk of equipment blockage, enhances the utilization value of organic matter and the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223960305U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a kitchen waste treatment system, and more particularly to a resource recycling system for treating incompletely sorted kitchen waste. Background Technology
[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of food waste generated continues to increase. Food waste mainly originates from households, the catering industry, farmers' markets, and the food processing industry. Its composition is complex, typically containing easily perishable organic matter (such as vegetable scraps, fruit peels, and leftover food) as well as some inorganic impurities (such as plastic bags, metal, and glass). Properly treating food waste can not only reduce environmental pollution but also achieve resource utilization, such as organic fertilizer production, biogas power generation, and oil recycling. However, current food waste treatment still faces many challenges, especially when sorting is inadequate, leading to poor performance of traditional treatment systems and affecting resource recycling and reuse efficiency.
[0003] Currently, the main methods for treating kitchen waste include composting, anaerobic digestion, incineration, and physical sorting combined with resource recycling. For kitchen waste that is not properly sorted, existing pretreatment systems generally suffer from the following problems: 1. Because kitchen waste contains a large amount of household waste, such as plastic bags, metal, and glass, traditional crushing and sorting equipment is easily entangled or clogged by impurities, leading to unstable equipment operation, frequent maintenance, and affecting overall processing efficiency; 2. Low resource recovery rate and low organic matter utilization value. Traditional kitchen waste treatment methods are mainly designed for well-sorted kitchen waste, but for waste with complex composition and high impurity content, the sorting effect is poor, resulting in low organic matter recovery rate and affecting subsequent resource utilization; 3. In the pretreatment of kitchen waste, some high-oil components (such as cooking oil residue and meat fat) enter the slurry, leading to oil enrichment in the anaerobic fermentation system, affecting microbial activity, reducing gas production efficiency, and potentially causing system instability. Excessive oil can also form an oil film inside the equipment, clogging pipes and increasing equipment maintenance costs. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a resource recycling system for treating incompletely sorted kitchen waste. It addresses the pre-treatment technical problems caused by inadequate kitchen waste sorting, improving treatment efficiency and increasing resource utilization rate. 1. It solves the problem of existing kitchen waste treatment systems becoming clogged due to inadequate sorting. 2. It solves the problem of mixed organic matter and low organic matter utilization value in existing kitchen waste recycling systems. 3. It solves the problem of high oil content in the treated slurry, which inhibits anaerobic fermentation efficiency. This makes kitchen waste recycling more economical, effectively solves the technical problems in the resource recycling process, and improves the resource recycling and reuse rate of kitchen waste.
[0005] The technical solution of this utility model: A resource recycling system for treating incompletely sorted kitchen waste, comprising a kitchen waste storage hopper and a wastewater storage tank. The lower end of the kitchen waste storage hopper is connected to a drain conveyor screw conveyor. A bag-breaking machine is located below the tail end of the drain conveyor screw conveyor. A screening feed screw conveyor is located at the outlet of the bag-breaking machine. The screening feed screw conveyor extends into a drum screen. The drum screen has a water collection tank. The lower end of the drum screen is connected to an extruder via a receiving trough. A large waste conveyor is located below the large slag bin of the drum screen. A temporary impurity storage bin is located below the outlet end of the large waste conveyor. The wastewater storage tank is connected to the kitchen waste storage hopper, the bag-breaking machine, the water collection tank, and the extruder via pipelines. The wastewater storage tank is equipped with a stirring mechanism. The device includes a level gauge a on one side of a wastewater storage tank. On the other side of the wastewater storage tank, a dewatering feed pump and a pipeline mixer are connected in sequence via pipelines. A flocculant dosing device is connected to a dosing pump and then to the pipeline mixer. The outlet of the pipeline mixer is connected to a reactor and a flocculation dewatering machine via pipelines. The liquid discharge port of the flocculation dewatering machine is connected to a discharge tank. The discharge tank is equipped with a stirring device. A level gauge b is located on one side of the discharge tank. A discharge pump is located on the other side of the bottom of the discharge tank. An organic fine slag conveyor is located at the slag discharge port of the flocculation dewatering machine. An organic fine slag storage bin is located below the outlet of the organic fine slag conveyor. Each equipment unit is equipped with an exhaust vent connected to an exhaust pipeline. A deodorizing fan is located at the outlet of the exhaust pipeline.
[0006] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: it improves the processing capacity and stability of the kitchen waste pretreatment system and reduces system blockage problems; the bottom of the hopper adopts a double shaftless draining spiral design, which effectively removes some free water during the conveying process, reduces material adhesion, reduces the load on subsequent processing equipment, and improves conveying and screening efficiency; through the optimized design of the bag breaking machine, it only breaks plastic bags and other wrapping materials in kitchen waste, avoids excessive crushing of inorganic waste, prevents inorganic waste (glass, metal, hard plastic, etc.) from mixing into organic materials, improves screening effect, and reduces the risk of equipment blockage; it adopts two-stage screening (fine screen + coarse screen) to finely separate organic matter and inorganic impurities, improves sorting accuracy, and reduces the impact of impurities on subsequent stages. Improving the resource recovery rate of kitchen waste and enhancing the utilization value of organic matter: Through the undersize extrusion dewatering process, the moisture content of fine organic residue is reduced, improving the efficiency of subsequent resource utilization; flocculation dewatering technology, combined with PAM reagent mixing and reactor treatment, further recovers organic matter from the organic slurry, increasing the organic matter recovery rate, reducing organic matter loss, and improving economic benefits; after treatment by this system, the recoverable organic matter has higher purity, avoiding the mixing of inorganic impurities, and improving the gas production efficiency and compost product quality of subsequent anaerobic fermentation. Effectively reducing the grease content of the slurry and improving anaerobic fermentation efficiency: Using a pipeline mixing + PAM flocculation dewatering process, some grease and solids are removed before the slurry enters the anaerobic system, reducing the inhibitory effect of grease on the anaerobic fermentation system, increasing biogas production and fermentation stability; reducing scaling problems in pipelines and equipment caused by grease accumulation, lowering maintenance costs, and improving the long-term operational reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description
[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of this utility model.
[0008] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the recycling process of this utility model.
[0009] In the diagram: 1-Kitchen waste storage hopper, 2-Drainage conveyor screw conveyor, 3-Bag breaking machine, 4-Screwing feed screw conveyor, 5-Drum screener, 6-Extruder, 7-Major waste conveyor, 8-Impurities storage bin, 9-Flocculant dosing device, 10-Flocculation dewatering machine, 11-Wastewater storage tank, 12-Level gauge a, 13-Dewatering feed pump, 14-Pipeline mixer, 15-Reactor, 16-Drainage tank, 17-Drainage pump, 18-Organic fine slag conveyor, 19-Level gauge b, 20-Water collection tank, 21-Receiving trough, 22-Dosing pump, 23-Organic fine slag storage bin, 24-Deodorizing fan. Detailed Implementation
[0010] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2A resource recycling system for treating incompletely sorted kitchen waste includes a kitchen waste storage hopper 1 and a wastewater storage tank 11. The lower end of the kitchen waste storage hopper 1 is connected to a drain conveyor screw conveyor 2, which is a 500mm diameter double shaftless screw conveyor. A bag-breaking machine 3 is located below the tail end of the drain conveyor screw conveyor 2. A screening feed screw conveyor 4 is located at the outlet of the bag-breaking machine 3, extending into a drum screen 5. The drum screen 5 has a water collection tank 20. The lower end of the drum screen 5 is connected to an extruder 6 via a receiving trough 21. A large waste conveyor 7 is located below the large slag bin of the drum screen 3, and an impurity storage bin 8 is located below the outlet end of the large waste conveyor 7. The wastewater storage tank 11 is connected to the kitchen waste storage hopper 1, the bag-breaking machine 3, the water collection tank 20, and the extruder 6 via pipelines. The wastewater storage tank 11 is equipped with a stirring mechanism. The device includes a level gauge a12 on one side of the wastewater storage tank 11, and a dewatering feed pump 13 and a pipeline mixer 14 connected sequentially through pipelines on the other side of the wastewater storage tank 11. A flocculant dosing device 9 is connected to a dosing pump 22 and then to the pipeline mixer 14. The outlet of the pipeline mixer 14 is connected to a reactor 15 and a flocculation dewatering machine 10 through pipelines. The liquid discharge port of the flocculation dewatering machine 10 is connected to a discharge tank 16. The discharge tank 16 is equipped with a stirring device. A level gauge b19 is located on one side of the discharge tank 16, and a discharge pump 17 is located on the other side of the bottom of the discharge tank 16. An organic fine slag conveyor 18 is located at the slag discharge port of the flocculation dewatering machine 10. An organic fine slag storage bin 23 is located below the outlet of the organic fine slag conveyor 18. Each equipment unit is equipped with an exhaust port connected to an exhaust deodorization pipeline, and a deodorization fan 24 is located at the outlet of the exhaust deodorization pipeline.
[0011] Kitchen waste is unloaded from the kitchen waste collection vehicle into a temporary storage hopper 1. The temporary storage hopper 1 typically has a volume of 10-40 cubic meters and provides temporary storage and buffering. The temporary storage hopper 1 is equipped with exhaust and deodorization pipes to maintain a slightly negative pressure in the receiving system, preventing odor escape. The kitchen waste is then conveyed to the bag-breaking machine 3 via a drain conveyor screw conveyor 2 at the bottom of the temporary storage hopper 1. The drain conveyor screw conveyor 2 typically uses a 500mm diameter double shaftless screw conveyor with a longer drain section, sometimes even the same length as the screw itself. The feed inlet features a large cross-section design to reduce bridging and blockage of waste in the hopper. The drain holes in the screw liner typically use a stepped hole design with a diameter of φ6mm~φ8mm. The screw motor uses a frequency converter design, allowing the speed to be adjusted according to the characteristics of the incoming material and the processing conditions, thus regulating the processing capacity. It also features forward and reverse rotation to prevent material entanglement.
[0012] Bag-breaking machines are generally classified into dual-shaft and four-shaft models based on their processing capacity, with blade widths ranging from 35 to 50 mm. The material is broken from the bags of kitchen waste by the mutual cutting action of the rotating blades. When the equipment is overloaded, it automatically stops and reverses to unload. After unloading, the equipment automatically restarts for normal crushing, providing a stable output of low speed and high torque. Power transmission is generally electric or hydraulic. The bag-breaking machine is equipped with a sealed cover, ensuring high safety and preventing odor diffusion. The crushing particle size is relatively large, generally 100-200 mm, ensuring thorough bag breaking without over-crushing the waste.
[0013] After the bag is broken, the material is conveyed to the drum screen 5 through the screening feed screw conveyor 4. The screw is generally a horizontal shaftless double screw to prevent material backflow during screening. The drain collection trough at the bottom of the screening feed screw is inclined to collect the drain water in one place.
[0014] After the bags are broken, the material falls into the drum screen 5. The rotation of the drum agitates the waste, achieving the purpose of screening. At the same time, it can automatically separate the large slag after sorting at the end of the device. The drum screen is designed for two-stage screening (fine screen + coarse screen). The fine screen is generally 2-4mm mesh, and the coarse screen is generally 30-60mm mesh. The fine screen can effectively filter organic slurry and perform fine screening; the coarse screen extracts organic slag from inorganic waste, improving the resource recovery rate. The organic slurry after fine screening falls into the water collection tank 20 for collection and eventually enters the wastewater temporary storage tank 11; the organic slag after coarse screening falls into the receiving trough 21 and then enters the extruder 6 for dewatering. The large slag after screening is transported to the impurity temporary storage bin 8 by the large waste conveyor 7, and finally transported to incineration or landfill for disposal by the receiving car. The drum screen features a perforated design with 5 screen plates, equipped with high-pressure water to flush the screen plates. This effectively prevents large pieces of waste from clogging and sticking, increases material throughput, and removes most inorganic materials such as plastic garbage bags, as well as large, difficult-to-crush impurities, thus maximizing the extraction of organic matter from kitchen waste. The entire drum screen uses a sealed cover to prevent odor spread and ensures efficient ventilation.
[0015] After screening, the fine organic residue enters the flocculation dewatering machine 10 for dewatering treatment. The flocculation dewatering machine 10 adopts a continuous screw extruder. The moisture content of the dewatered organic residue is 60%~75%. It is then transported to the organic fine residue temporary storage bin 23 by the organic fine residue conveyor 18, and finally recycled by the transfer vehicle.
[0016] The free water (organic slurry) generated in the above steps is collected in the wastewater storage tank 11 and transported to the pipeline mixer 14 by the dewatering feed pump 13. During this process, PAM is added to the pipeline mixer at a concentration of 2‰ by the flocculant dosing device 9 through the dosing pump 22. The mixed slurry then enters the reactor 15 to undergo flocculation, ensuring that the suspended solids and oils in the slurry are fully flocculated. As a high-molecular-weight flocculant, PAM's long-chain structure can rapidly adsorb suspended particles in the water, causing small particles to form larger flocs, thus enhancing the solid-liquid separation effect. The material after the flocculation reaction is passed through a flocculation dewatering machine. Under the action of a 1mm grid and a high speed of 1500-2000rpm, the solid-liquid separation effect is significant. The moisture content of the separated organic slag is reduced to about 60%~70%, and it is ultimately recycled along with the extruded fine slag.
[0017] In the entire treatment system, each device operates in a closed loop, and the odor is transported to the downstream waste gas treatment system via an exhaust and deodorization duct and a deodorization fan 24, effectively preventing odor from escaping and maintaining overall environmental hygiene. All equipment involved in this system is commercially available conventional equipment.
Claims
1. A resource recycling system for processing incompletely sorted kitchen waste, characterized in that: The system includes a food waste storage hopper and a wastewater storage tank. The lower end of the food waste storage hopper is connected to a drain conveyor screw conveyor. Below the tail end of the drain conveyor screw conveyor is a bag-breaking machine. At the outlet of the bag-breaking machine is a screening feed screw conveyor that extends into a drum screen. The drum screen has a water collection tank. The lower end of the drum screen is connected to an extruder via a receiving trough. Below the large slag bin of the drum screen is a large impurity conveyor. Below the outlet end of the large impurity conveyor is a temporary impurity storage bin. The wastewater storage tank is connected to the food waste storage hopper, bag-breaking machine, water collection tank, and extruder via pipelines. The wastewater storage tank is equipped with a stirring device and a level gauge a is located on one side of the wastewater storage tank. On the other side of the wastewater storage tank, a dewatering feed pump and a pipeline mixer are connected in sequence through pipelines. The flocculant dosing device is connected to the dosing pump and then to the pipeline mixer. The outlet of the pipeline mixer is connected to the reactor and the flocculation dewatering machine through pipelines. The liquid discharge port of the flocculation dewatering machine is connected to the discharge tank. The discharge tank is equipped with a stirring device. A level gauge b is installed on one side of the discharge tank. A discharge pump is installed on the other side of the bottom of the discharge tank. An organic fine slag conveyor is installed at the slag discharge port of the flocculation dewatering machine. An organic fine slag storage bin is installed below the outlet of the organic fine slag conveyor. Each equipment unit is equipped with an exhaust port connected to the exhaust pipeline. A deodorizing fan is installed at the outlet of the exhaust pipeline.
2. The resource recycling system for treating incompletely sorted kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drain conveyor screw conveyor is a double shaftless screw conveyor with a diameter of 500mm.
3. The resource recycling system for treating incompletely sorted kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drain conveyor screw conveyor is a double shaftless screw conveyor with a diameter of 500mm.
4. A resource recycling system for treating incompletely sorted kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bag-breaking machine is a dual-shaft or four-shaft bag-breaking machine with a blade width of 35~50mm.
5. A resource recycling system for treating incompletely sorted kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drum screen is equipped with a rotary drum screen plate, which is a two-stage screening system consisting of a fine screen and a coarse screen. The fine screening uses a 2-4mm screen mesh, and the coarse screening uses a 30-60mm screen hole.
6. A resource recycling system for treating incompletely sorted kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flocculation dewatering machine is a continuous screw extruder.