Hot melting assembly and 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of 3D printers, discloses a hot melting assembly and a 3D printer, and aims to improve the printing speed and the printing quality of the 3D printer. The hot melting assembly comprises a spray head piece, a runner body and a throat pipe piece which are connected in sequence, and at least a hot melting runner is arranged in the runner body and used for heating hot melting consumables. Wherein the length dimension of the hot melting runner is 40 to 200mm. The heated contact area of the hot melting consumable is increased through the lengthened hot melting runner, the heated melting speed of the hot melting consumable in unit length can be increased, the quality of printed and stacked preset parts can be improved, and a good printing effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of 3D printer technology, specifically to a thermomelting assembly and a 3D printer. Background Technology

[0002] FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) 3D printers (Three-Dimensional Printers, hereinafter referred to as 3D printers) use thermoplastic materials (i.e., filaments) such as ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene-plastic), PC (Polycarbonate), or nylon. The filament, in a filament structure, is heated and melted within the printer's thermoforming assembly. The nozzle of the thermoforming assembly moves along the cross-sectional contour and infill trajectory of the part, and under external force, extrudes the molten filament, layer by layer, to print the parts of the 3D model.

[0003] In related technologies, the length of the hot melt assembly is one to two centimeters. To improve the printing speed of 3D printers, related solutions involve setting a heat conductor in the hot melt flow channel of the hot melt assembly and connecting the heat conductor to the side wall of the hot melt flow channel for heat conduction. This allows the heat conductor to quickly heat the interior of the hot melt filament near the center line, thereby increasing the melting speed of the filament and achieving the goal of rapid printing.

[0004] However, because the hot melt assembly's hot melt flow channel has a small cross-sectional area, continuing to embed a heat conductor within the hot melt flow channel will further reduce the channel's conductive area, thus increasing the flow resistance of the hot melt consumable within the channel. This can cause blockage of the hot melt flow channel or nozzle, which will reduce printing speed and efficiency, and ultimately lower the print quality of the parts. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a hot melt assembly and a 3D printer, which aims to improve the printing speed and printing quality of the 3D printer.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In one aspect, some embodiments of this application provide a hot-melt assembly, including a nozzle, a flow channel body, and a throat connected in sequence. At least the flow channel body has a hot-melt flow channel for heating the hot-melt consumable. The length of the hot-melt flow channel is 40-200 mm.

[0008] Beneficial effects: The hot melt components of this application can be applied to industries such as 3D printing, spinning, and thermal spraying that require the processing of parts and other products through molten hot melt consumables.

[0009] Taking the use of hot melt components in 3D printing as an example, in the process of hot melt filament passing through the throat and flow channel body in sequence and being ejected by the nozzle to print the preset parts, the flow channel body heats the hot melt filament so that it can be melted and kept in a flowing state within the hot melt flow channel, thereby smoothly flowing out from the nozzle to print and accumulate the preset parts.

[0010] Based on this, in this embodiment, the longer length of the hot melt flow channel allows for a larger contact area for the hot melt filament during its flow. Since the amount of heat required for a unit length of hot melt filament to melt is constant, increasing the contact area increases the melting rate per unit length, allowing the filament to pass through the flow channel and be fully heated and melted in a shorter time. This increases the ejection speed at the nozzle per unit time, significantly increasing the printing accumulation speed of the pre-designed parts per unit time, thus significantly increasing the printing speed of the 3D printer. Furthermore, while ensuring a higher ejection speed for the hot melt filament, the longer flow channel also allows for complete melting within the channel, resulting in a better molten state for the filament flowing from the nozzle. This improves the quality of the printed pre-designed parts and enhances the printing effect.

[0011] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a 3D printer, including the thermomelting component described in the first aspect.

[0012] Since the 3D printer includes the thermoforming component mentioned in the first aspect, it possesses all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned thermoforming component, which will not be elaborated further here. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first type of hot melt assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the hot melt assembly shown;

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional view of the hot melt assembly shown;

[0017] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a second type of hot melt assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the hot melt assembly shown;

[0019] Figure 6 This application provides a schematic diagram of the control connection of a hot melt assembly.

[0020] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a third type of hot melt assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A front view of the hot melt assembly shown;

[0022] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of a fourth type of hot melt assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A front view of the hot melt assembly shown;

[0024] Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of a nozzle component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of a hot melt assembly at the throat of an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 100. Hot melt assembly;

[0028] 10. Nozzle assembly; 11. Nozzle nozzle; 12. Nozzle head; 13. Nozzle body; 14. Nozzle flow channel;

[0029] 20. Flow channel body; 21. Hot melt flow channel; 211. First temperature-controlled flow channel; 212. Second temperature-controlled flow channel; 213. Third temperature-controlled flow channel; 22. First flow channel tube; 23. Second flow channel tube; 24. Adjustment tube section; 251. First detection blind hole; 252. Second detection blind hole; 253. Third detection blind hole;

[0030] 30. Throat fitting; 31. First connector; 32. Second connector; 33. Throat; 34. Feed channel;

[0031] 41. First heating element; 42. Second heating element; 43. Third heating element;

[0032] 50. Thermal conductive component; 51. Thermal through hole; 52. Heating hole; 53. First temperature detection hole; 54. Second temperature detection hole;

[0033] 61. First temperature sensor; 62. Second temperature sensor; 63. Temperature control module; 64. Third temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0036] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0039] This application provides a hot melt assembly and a 3D printer, which are described below in conjunction with... Figures 1 to 12 This application provides a detailed description of the hot melt assembly and 3D printer according to embodiments of the present application.

[0040] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a hot melt assembly, see below. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a hot melt assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The hot melt assembly 100 includes a nozzle component 10, a flow channel body 20, and a throat component 30 connected in sequence. Figure 2 , Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the hot melt assembly 100. At least the flow channel body 20 contains a hot melt flow channel 21 for heating the hot melt consumable. The hot melt assembly 100 of this application can be applied to industries such as 3D printing, spinning, and thermal spraying, which require the processing of parts and other products using molten hot melt consumables. For example, the nozzle 10 is provided with a nozzle 11 communicating with the hot melt flow channel 21, so that the hot melt consumable, after being heated and melted by the hot melt flow channel 21, can flow through the nozzle 11 to a preset position, thereby processing and shaping parts and other products.

[0041] In related technologies, the length of the hot melt flow channel is one to two centimeters. To improve printing speed, related solutions involve placing a heat conductor inside the hot melt flow channel and connecting the heat conductor to the side wall of the hot melt flow channel for heat conduction. This allows the built-in heat conductor to contact and rapidly heat the interior of the hot melt filament near the center line, thereby increasing the melting speed of the hot melt filament and achieving the goal of rapid printing.

[0042] However, because the hot melt flow channel itself has a small cross-sectional area, continuing to place heat conductors inside the hot melt flow channel will further reduce the conduction area of ​​the hot melt flow channel, thereby increasing the flow resistance of the hot melt filament within the built-in flow channel. This will cause blockage of the hot melt flow channel or nozzle, which will reduce printing speed and efficiency, and reduce the printing quality of parts.

[0043] Based on this, refer to Figure 2 The length L of the hot melt flow channel 21 is set to be greater than or equal to 40mm. The length of the hot melt flow channel 21 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, if the length of the hot melt flow channel 21 is less than 40mm, the hot melt consumable flowing through the hot melt flow channel 21 will not be fully melted, thus affecting the printing speed of the hot melt assembly 100. If the length of the hot melt flow channel 21 is greater than 200mm, this longer hot melt flow channel 21 will significantly increase the processing difficulty of the flow channel body 20. Based on this, the length of the hot melt flow channel 21 can be 40-200mm. For example, the length of the hot melt flow channel 21 can be 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm, 100mm, 110mm, 120mm, 130mm, or 140mm, etc.

[0045] Taking the hot melt assembly 100 for 3D printing as an example, during the process of hot melt filament passing through the throat component 30 and the flow channel body 20 in sequence, and being ejected by the nozzle component 10 to print the preset parts, the flow channel body 20 heats the hot melt filament so that it can be heated and melted within the hot melt flow channel 21 and kept in a flowing state, thereby smoothly flowing out from the nozzle 11 of the nozzle component 10 to print and accumulate the preset parts.

[0046] Based on this, in this embodiment, the longer length of the hot melt channel 21 allows for greater contact area heating of the hot melt filament as it flows through it. Since the amount of heat absorbed by the hot melt filament per unit length to melt is constant, increasing the heating contact area increases the melting rate per unit length, allowing the filament to pass through the hot melt channel 21 and be fully heated and melted in a shorter time. This increases the ejection speed at the nozzle 10 per unit time, significantly increasing the printing accumulation speed of the preset parts per unit time, i.e., significantly increasing the printing speed of the 3D printer. Furthermore, while ensuring a higher ejection speed for the hot melt filament, the longer hot melt channel 21 also allows the filament to melt fully within it, resulting in a better molten state effect for the filament flowing from the nozzle 10. This is beneficial for improving the quality of the printed preset parts and achieving better printing results.

[0047] In some embodiments, the length of the hot melt flow channel 21 is set to 100-140mm. For example, the length of the hot melt flow channel 21 can also be 100mm, 105mm, 115mm, 125mm, 135mm, or 140mm, etc. Thus, a hot melt flow channel 21 with a length of 100-140mm can fully melt the flowing hot melt consumables to ensure the high-speed printing effect of the hot melt assembly 100, while also simplifying the processing and manufacturing difficulty of the flow channel body 20, resulting in better economic benefits.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the flow channel body 20 with the hot melt flow channel 21 can be a curved or bent structure, or it can extend in a straight direction; there is no limitation on this. For example, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the flow channel body 20 and the hot melt flow channel 21 extend along a first direction (i.e., the Y direction). This first direction can be a straight line.

[0049] In this embodiment, the flow channel body 20 has a large length dimension. For example... Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional view of the heat-melting assembly 100 is shown. The flow channel body 20 includes a first flow channel tube 22 and a second flow channel tube 23. The first flow channel tube 22 is connected to the throat component 30, and the second flow channel tube 23 is connected to the nozzle component 10. The heat-melting assembly 100 also includes a first heating element 41 and a second heating element 42. The first heating element 41 is used to heat the first flow channel tube 22, and the second heating element 42 is used to heat the second flow channel tube 23.

[0050] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the flow channel body 20 extends along the Y direction, with the end of the flow channel body 20 near the nozzle 10 being the lower end and the end near the throat 30 being the upper end. The first flow channel pipe 22 is positioned near the upper end and its upper and lower ends are connected to the throat 30 and the second flow channel pipe 23. The second flow channel pipe 23 is positioned near the lower end and its upper and lower ends are connected to both the first flow channel pipe 22 and the nozzle 10. Correspondingly, the first heating element 41 is positioned near the upper end of the flow channel body 20 and is used to heat the first temperature-controlled flow channel 211 inside the first flow channel pipe 22. The second heating element 42 is positioned near the lower end of the flow channel body 20 and is used to heat the second temperature-controlled flow channel 212 inside the second flow channel pipe 23.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, during the process of printing preset parts by sequentially passing through the throat component 30, the first flow channel 22 and the second flow channel 23 and being ejected from the nozzle 11 of the nozzle component 10, the setting of the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 enables the hot melt consumable to be fully heated and melted from top to bottom through the inner walls of the first flow channel 22 and the second flow channel 23 in the hot melt flow channel 21, and enables the fluid hot melt consumable to flow out smoothly and quickly from the nozzle 11 to print and accumulate preset parts.

[0052] During this process, the flow channel body 20, including the first flow channel 22 and the second flow channel 23, heats the internally flowing hot melt consumable through multi-segment zone heating via the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42. Therefore, the first heating element 41 can independently control the temperature of the first flow channel 22 near the throat component 30, and the second heating element 42 can independently control the temperature of the second flow channel 23 near the nozzle 11. This ensures that both the internal first temperature-controlled flow channel 211 and the second temperature-controlled flow channel 212 can be stably maintained within a suitable set temperature range. Through appropriate zoned temperature control settings, the hot melt consumable in the hot melt flow channel 21 can be rapidly melted while preventing the hot melt consumable from deforming due to excessively high local temperatures within the hot melt flow channel 21. It also prevents the hot melt consumable from being difficult to melt due to excessively low local temperatures within the hot melt flow channel 21, which would increase flow resistance and reduce flow rate. This allows the hot melt consumable to flow rapidly through the first flow channel 22 and the second flow channel 23 in sequence and to fully melt before flowing out from the nozzle 11 of the nozzle 10, thereby quickly printing and stacking preset parts. The fully melted fluid hot melt consumable can improve the printing effect and printing quality of the preset parts.

[0053] When installing the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42, the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 can be directly connected to the flow channel body 20. Alternatively, the flow channel body 20, the first heating element 41, and the second heating element 42 can be connected in contact with other heat-conducting components.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the hot melt assembly 100 also includes a heat-conducting element 50. The heat-conducting element 50 has a heat-conducting through hole 51 along the Y direction. The flow channel body 20 is inserted into the heat-conducting through hole 51 along the first direction (i.e., the Y direction) and is in contact with the heat-conducting element 50. Along the Y direction, the heat-conducting element 50 has a heating hole 52. A first heating element 41 is inserted into the end of the heating hole 52 near the first flow channel tube 22, and a second heating element 42 is inserted into the end of the heating hole 52 near the second flow channel tube 23.

[0055] Based on this, the setting of heat-conducting through holes 51 and heating holes 52 in the heat-conducting component 50 facilitates the installation and positioning of the flow channel body 20, the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42, so that the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 can heat the two ends of the heat-conducting component 50 respectively, thereby covering or basically covering the entire length of the flow channel body 20. Then, the multiple flow channel tubes of the flow channel body 20 are heated separately by the heated heat-conducting component 50, which helps to improve the uniformity of heating of multiple zones in the flow channel body 20.

[0056] The heating hole 52 facilitates the insertion and assembly of the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42, and the relatively enclosed insertion space fully absorbs the heat radiated or transferred by the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42, which helps to improve heating efficiency.

[0057] By providing the heat-conducting through-hole 51, the flow channel body 20 can be easily inserted and installed, while the heat-conducting component 50 can fully cover the flow channel body 20 and heat it, which is beneficial to improve the uniform heating effect of the flow channel body 20 and has better heating efficiency.

[0058] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the flow channel body 20 and the heat-conducting component 50 are separate structures. During the assembly of the flow channel body 20 and the heat-conducting component 50, the flow channel body 20 located within the heat-conducting through-hole 51 can be partially or completely in contact with the heat-conducting component 50. The contact area between the two can be increased through tube expansion, threaded connection, or soldering. Alternatively, the flow channel body 20 can be a radially arranged separate structure, and the inner wall of the heat-conducting through-hole 51 can be fitted to the outer wall of the flow channel body 20 through an interference fit. This increases the effective contact area between the flow channel body 20 and the heat-conducting component 50, enabling rapid heat exchange between them.

[0059] Or, such as Figure 2 As shown, the flow channel body 20 and the heat-conducting component 50 can be an integral structure. It can be regarded as directly opening the hot melt flow channel 21 and the heating hole 52 in the Y direction at the heat-conducting component 50.

[0060] The heat-conducting through-hole 51 and the hot melt flow channel 21 can be coaxial channels arranged along the Y direction. The axis of the heating hole 52 can be arranged parallel to the axis of the heat-conducting through-hole 51.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a second type of hot melt assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The flow channel body 20 also includes an adjusting pipe section 24, which is connected between the first flow channel pipe 22 and the second flow channel pipe 23 for connecting the first flow channel pipe 22 and the second flow channel pipe 23. For example, the adjusting pipe section 24 is provided with a third temperature-controlled flow channel 213 to connect the first temperature-controlled flow channel 211 in the first flow channel pipe 22 and the second temperature-controlled flow channel 212 in the second flow channel pipe 23.

[0062] The adjustable tube segment 24 allows for flexible adjustment of the length of the flow channel body 20. For example, the first flow channel tube 22 of a preset size at the upper end of the flow channel body 20 is heated and temperature-controlled by the first heating element 41, and the second flow channel tube 23 of a preset size at the lower end of the flow channel body 20 is heated and temperature-controlled by the second heating element 42. Adjusting the length of the adjustable tube segment 24 changes the overall length of the flow channel body 20. This allows for flexible replacement and assembly of the hot melt flow channel 21 with different lengths to adapt to high-speed printing of hot melt consumables with different temperature properties.

[0063] For example, a third heating element may be provided at the regulating pipe section 24 to independently control the temperature range at the regulating pipe section 24.

[0064] Or, such as Figure 4 As shown, the regulating section 24 can be positioned between two heat-conducting elements 50 in a split structure. This regulating section 24 can be completely exposed or covered by a heat-conducting element 50 of smaller thickness. The residual heat from the two closely spaced heat-conducting elements 50 keeps the regulating section 24 within a suitable temperature range.

[0065] For example, since the flow channel body 20 is located inside the heat-conducting component 50, and both the heat-conducting component 50 and the flow channel body 20 are made of materials with high thermal conductivity such as metal, the overall temperature difference of the heat-conducting component 50 is kept small by heating through the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42. Therefore, the regulating pipe section 24 located between the two heat-conducting components 50 will also maintain a relatively high suitable temperature, thereby driving the internal third temperature-controlled flow channel 213 to have a relatively high suitable temperature. Thus, this example solution does not require heating elements to be set for the regulating pipe section 24, which, while ensuring that the hot melt assembly 100 meets the requirements of high-speed printing, is conducive to simplifying the structure and has high stability and good economic benefits.

[0066] It should be noted that the flow channel body 20 can be a one-piece structure. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the flow channel body 20, including the first flow channel tube 22, the regulating tube section 24, and the second flow channel tube 23, is an integral structure. The first flow channel tube 22, the regulating tube section 24, and the second flow channel tube 23 are only used to distinguish the temperature control range of the heating element. For example, the first flow channel tube 22 controls the heating temperature through the first heating element 41, and the second flow channel tube 23 controls the heating temperature through the second heating element 42, etc.

[0067] The integrated flow channel body 20 can reduce the number of parts in the hot melt assembly 100. While improving the airtightness of the hot melt flow channel 21, it also helps to reduce the assembly operation process of the hot melt assembly 100.

[0068] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the heat-conducting element 50 is configured as a separate structure corresponding to at least the first flow channel tube 22 and the second flow channel tube 23. If the two heat-conducting elements 50 are distributed at intervals along the Y direction, one heat-conducting element 50 is at least located on the outside of the first flow channel tube 22, and the other heat-conducting element 50 is located on the outside of the second heat-conducting element 50, so that the residual heat of the two heat-conducting elements 50 can be adjusted in the middle of the regulating pipe section 24 within a suitable temperature range.

[0069] Along the Y direction, the two heat-conducting components 50 are detachably connected to facilitate flexible assembly of the hot melt assembly 100.

[0070] For example, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 for Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the hot melt assembly 100. Both heat-conducting elements 50 have heating holes 52 along the Y direction, and the two heating holes 52 are spaced apart along the Y direction. A first heating element 41 is inserted into one of the heating holes 52 near the upper end, and a second heating element 42 is inserted into one of the heating holes 52 near the lower end, facilitating the insertion and installation of the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42.

[0071] In the above embodiments, the flow channel body 20 can also be configured as a split structure, such as at least two of the first flow channel pipe 22, the regulating pipe section 24 and the second flow channel pipe 23 arranged adjacent to each other along the Y direction being detachably connected.

[0072] For example, the various sections of the flow channel body 20 in the split structure can be detachably connected by means of threaded connection or plug-in connection. For example, the second flow channel pipe 23 and the regulating pipe section 24 can be detachably connected, so as to select a three-section structure or a two-section structure of flow channel body 20 and hot melt flow channel 21 according to actual needs. The structure is simple and the assembly and disassembly are convenient.

[0073] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the flow channel body 20 and the nozzle component 10 are separate structures, and the flow channel body 20 and the nozzle component 10 can be detachably connected.

[0074] By designing the various parts within the flow channel body 20 as separate structures, and with the flow channel body 20 and the nozzle component 10 also being separate, independent components, each individual part can be manufactured separately during production. This results in a simple structure that is easy to produce. Subsequently, multiple components can be assembled using threaded connections or snap-fit ​​connections to form a continuous heating printing channel that includes at least a first temperature-controlled flow channel 211, a third temperature-controlled flow channel 213, a second temperature-controlled flow channel 212, and a nozzle 11.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, the hot melt assembly 100 also includes a first temperature sensor 61 and a second temperature sensor 62. The first temperature sensor 61 is used to detect the first flow channel 22 (e.g., Figure 4 The heating temperature (as shown) is used to detect the heating temperature of the second flow channel 23, and the second temperature sensor 62 is used to detect the heating temperature of the second flow channel 23. Combined with... Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control connection of a hot melt assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The hot melt assembly 100 also includes a temperature control module 63, which is electrically connected to at least the first heating element 41, the second heating element 42, the first temperature sensor 61, and the second temperature sensor 62.

[0076] By configuring the first temperature sensor 61 and the second temperature sensor 62, the heating temperature at the first flow channel 22 and the second flow channel 23 can be detected in real time. Combined with the temperature control module 63, which is electrically connected to the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42, the heating power of the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 can be flexibly adjusted, thereby flexibly adjusting and precisely controlling the heating temperature at the first flow channel 22 and the second flow channel 23.

[0077] For example, when controlling the heating temperature at multiple locations within the flow channel body 20 (such as the first flow channel tube 22 and the second flow channel tube 23), corresponding parameters can be collected under different experimental conditions, including ambient temperature, type of hot melt consumable, and flow rate of the hot melt consumable. Thus, the required heating power at the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 under these different conditions is calculated using multiple parameters, and the data is recorded and stored. This allows for flexible control of the heating power of the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 under different flow rates, ambient temperatures, and material types, ensuring that the entire hot melt flow channel 21 maintains a suitable and stable heating temperature for heating and melting the rapidly flowing hot melt consumable.

[0078] Among them, the temperature control module 63 can be configured as follows:

[0079] When the temperature of the first flow channel tube 22 is lower than the first preset temperature T1, the temperature control module 63 controls the first heating element 41 to start until the heating temperature of the first flow channel tube 22 is higher than or equal to the second preset temperature T2, and the second preset temperature T2 is higher than or equal to the first preset temperature T1.

[0080] When the temperature of the second flow channel tube 23 is lower than the third preset temperature T3, the temperature control module 63 controls the second heating element 42 to start until the heating temperature of the second flow channel tube 23 is higher than or equal to the fourth preset temperature T4. The fourth preset temperature T4 is higher than or equal to the third preset temperature T3, and the second preset temperature T2 is higher than or equal to the fourth preset temperature T4.

[0081] The temperature control module 63 can flexibly control the heating power of the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 according to the heating temperature. For example, it can turn the corresponding first heating element 41 or second heating element 42 on or off, or adjust the heating power of the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42. This ensures that the hot melt flow channel 21 maintains a suitable and stable heating temperature, and that the fluid hot melt consumable flows out stably and quickly from the nozzle 11.

[0082] It is understandable that the second preset temperature T2 can be equal to the first preset temperature T1, and the third preset temperature T3 can be equal to the fourth preset temperature T4, so as to precisely control the heating temperature at the first flow channel tube 22 and the second flow channel tube 23.

[0083] Alternatively, the second preset temperature T2 can be set higher than the first preset temperature T1, and the fourth preset temperature T4 can be set higher than the third preset temperature T3. The temperature gradient between the two can be flexibly selected between 0-5℃, such as 0.5℃, 1℃, 1℃, 2℃, 2.5℃, 3℃, 3.5℃, 4℃, 4.5℃, or 5℃. For example, the second preset temperature T2 is about 2℃ higher than the first preset temperature T1, and the fourth preset temperature T4 is about 2℃ higher than the third preset temperature T3. In this way, while avoiding frequent activation of the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42, the first flow channel tube 22 and the second flow channel tube 23 can be stably maintained within a suitable temperature range.

[0084] In this embodiment, a second preset temperature T2 is set higher than a fourth preset temperature T4. For example, the heating temperature of the first flow channel tube 22 is made higher than the heating temperature of the second flow channel tube 23.

[0085] Because the first flow channel 22 has a higher heating temperature, when the hot melt filament flows into the first flow channel 22 through the throat fitting 30, it can be fully preheated in the first temperature-controlled flow channel 211 at a higher heating temperature, so that the temperature of the hot melt filament rises rapidly. After the hot melt filament flows into the second temperature-controlled flow channel 212 of the second flow channel 23, it can be further heated until it melts, which helps to increase the melting speed of the hot melt filament and thus increase the printing speed.

[0086] Based on this, the first heating element 41 can be configured to have a greater heating power than the second heating element 42, so that the temperature control module 63 can directly control the start-up time of the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 to ensure that the second preset temperature T2 is higher than the fourth preset temperature T4. This eliminates the need for frequent adjustments to the heating power of the heating elements, resulting in a simple and stable structure.

[0087] In some embodiments, the heating temperature of the first flow channel tube 22 is set to be higher than or equal to the heat deformation temperature of the hot melt consumable, and the heating temperature of the second flow channel tube 23 is set to be lower than or equal to the heat deformation temperature of the hot melt consumable.

[0088] For example, while setting the heating temperature at the first flow channel tube 22 to be higher than the heating temperature at the second flow channel tube 23, the heating temperature of the first flow channel tube 22 is made higher than the heat denaturation temperature, and the heating temperature of the second flow channel tube 23 is made lower than the heat denaturation temperature.

[0089] By setting a higher heating temperature at the first flow channel 22, the hot melt filament in the first temperature-controlled flow channel 211 can be rapidly preheated. Because the hot melt filament in the hot melt flow channel 21 has a high flow rate (high-speed printing), even if the heating temperature at the first flow channel 22 is higher than the heat denaturation temperature, the flowing hot melt filament will flow to the second flow channel 23 before it reaches the heat denaturation temperature. Thus, a heating temperature higher than the heat denaturation temperature can further increase the heating rate of the hot melt filament without causing it to deform due to heat. At the second flow channel 23, a heating temperature slightly exceeding the heat denaturation temperature allows the hot melt filament to fully melt and maintain a stable molten state.

[0090] Alternatively, the heating temperature of the first flow channel tube 22 can be made equal to the heating temperature of the second flow channel tube 23, that is, the second preset temperature T2 is equal to the fourth preset temperature T4, which simplifies the control logic.

[0091] In some embodiments, the temperature control module 63 is further configured to:

[0092] When the temperature control module 63 controls the first heating element 41 to start and heat the first flow channel tube 22, the greater the difference between the heating temperature of the first flow channel tube 22 and the second preset temperature T2, the greater the heating power of the first heating element 41.

[0093] When the temperature control module 63 controls the second heating element 42 to start and heat the second flow channel tube 23, the greater the difference between the heating temperature of the second flow channel tube 23 and the fourth preset temperature T4, the greater the heating power of the second heating element 42.

[0094] The difference between the actual temperature of the first flow channel tube 22 (i.e. the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 61) and the second preset temperature T2 is proportional to the heating power of the first heating element 41. The larger the difference, the greater the heating power of the first heating element 41; the smaller the difference, the smaller the heating power of the first heating element 41. This allows for rapid heating of the first flow channel tube 22 while facilitating precise control of its real-time temperature.

[0095] Correspondingly, the difference between the actual temperature of the second flow channel tube 23 (i.e. the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 62) and the fourth preset temperature T4 is proportional to the heating power of the second heating element 42. The larger the difference, the greater the heating power of the second heating element 42; the smaller the difference, the smaller the heating power of the second heating element 42. This allows for rapid heating of the second flow channel tube 23 while facilitating precise control of its real-time temperature.

[0096] In the above scheme, the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 have minimum heating power to balance the heat lost during the rapid melting and outflow of the hot melt consumable.

[0097] It should be noted that the first temperature sensor is located at the first flow channel 22 to detect the heating temperature at the first flow channel 22 and the first temperature-controlled flow channel 211. The second temperature sensor is located at the second flow channel 23 to heat the second flow channel 23 and the second temperature-controlled flow channel 212.

[0098] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, along the heat-conducting through-hole 51 (as shown) Figure 4 In the radial direction (as shown), the heat-conducting component 50 is provided with a first temperature detection hole 53 and a second temperature detection hole 54 that connect to the heat-conducting through hole 51. Along the Y direction, the first temperature detection hole 53 is located at one end of the heat-conducting component 50 near the first flow channel pipe 22 (throat component 30), and the second temperature detection hole 54 is located at one end of the heat-conducting component 50 near the second flow channel pipe 23 (or nozzle component 10).

[0099] Thus, a first temperature sensor 61 can be installed in the first temperature detection hole 53 so that the first temperature sensor 61 can be close to or in contact with the first flow channel tube 22 to accurately detect the heating temperature at the first flow channel tube 22. Correspondingly, a second temperature sensor 62 can be installed in the second temperature detection hole 54 so that the second temperature sensor 62 can be close to or in contact with the second flow channel tube 23 to accurately detect the heating temperature at the first flow channel tube 22.

[0100] In this embodiment of the application, a separate pipeline component can be used to make the interior a hot melt flow channel 21, so as to heat and control the corresponding first flow channel pipe 22 and second flow channel pipe 23 respectively by heating the flow channel body 20.

[0101] Taking the detachable connection between the first flow channel tube 22, the regulating tube section 24, and the second flow channel tube 23 as an example, along the Y direction, by replacing the regulating tube section 24 with different height dimensions, the different length dimensions of the hot melt flow channel 21 can be flexibly replaced and assembled within the heat-conducting component 50 to adapt to high-speed printing of hot melt consumables with different temperature properties.

[0102] For example, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the third type of hot melt assembly 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a front view of the hot melt assembly 100. The flow channel body 20 includes a first flow channel pipe 22, an adjusting pipe section 24, and a second flow channel pipe 23 connected sequentially along the Y direction. The first flow channel pipe 22 is connected between the throat fitting 30 and the adjusting pipe section 24, and the second flow channel pipe 23 is connected between the adjusting pipe section 24 and the nozzle fitting 10.

[0103] Continue to refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 A first heating element 41 is provided on the outer side of the first flow channel 22 to heat the first temperature-controlled flow channel 211. A second heating element 42 is provided on the outer side of the second flow channel 23 to heat the second temperature-controlled flow channel 212. A third heating element 43 is provided on the outer side of the regulating flow channel 24 to heat the third temperature-controlled flow channel 213.

[0104] Thus, by directly heating the first flow channel tube 22, the second flow channel tube 23, and the regulating flow channel 24 through the first heating element 41, the second heating element 42, and the third heating element 43, it is beneficial to improve heating efficiency and simplify the structure of the hot melt assembly 100.

[0105] For example, along the Y direction from the throat component 30 to the nozzle component 10, the heating temperatures of the first flow channel 22, the regulating flow channel 24, and the second flow channel 23 can be set to be equal or approximately equal. Alternatively, the heating temperatures of the first flow channel 22, the regulating flow channel 24, and the second flow channel 23 can decrease sequentially.

[0106] The flow channel body 20 can be configured as a split structure. Since the hot melt flow channel 21 has a large length dimension, by configuring the flow channel body 20 as a split structure that can be detachably connected, it is convenient to process and form the hot melt flow channel 21 inside the flow channel body 20.

[0107] For example, the second flow channel 23 and the regulating pipe section 24 can be detachably connected so that the overall length of the hot melt flow channel 21 can be flexibly adjusted by replacing the second flow channel 23 with different lengths.

[0108] Alternatively, the first flow channel pipe 22 can be detachably connected to the regulating pipe section 24, so that the overall length of the hot melt flow channel 21 can be flexibly adjusted by replacing the first flow channel pipe 22 of different lengths.

[0109] Alternatively, the first flow channel pipe 22 and the regulating pipe section 24 can be detachably connected, and the second flow channel pipe 23 and the regulating pipe section 24 can also be detachably connected. In this way, the length dimensions of the first flow channel pipe 22, the regulating pipe section 24 and the second flow channel pipe 23 can be flexibly adjusted as needed, thereby adjusting the overall length of the hot melt flow channel 21, without any limitation.

[0110] Based on this, by further dividing the hot melt flow channel 21 into a first temperature-controlled flow channel 211, a third temperature-controlled flow channel 213, and a second flow channel 212, and controlling the first heating element 41, the third heating element 43, and the second heating element 42 to heat the adapted first flow channel tube 22, the regulating tube section 24, and the second flow channel tube 23 respectively, the local temperature in the first temperature-controlled flow channel 211, the third temperature-controlled flow channel 213, and the second flow channel 212 is avoided from being too high or too low. This helps to keep the hot melt flow channel 21 as a whole in a suitable temperature range, thereby quickly and effectively melting the hot melt consumables.

[0111] In other embodiments, the flow channel body 20 may also include a fourth flow channel tube, a fifth flow channel tube, or a sixth flow channel tube, and a connection between the fourth, fifth, or sixth flow channel tube is provided between the first flow channel tube 22 and the second flow channel tube 23. This is done in conjunction with the fourth, fifth, or sixth heating element to heat the corresponding temperature-controlled flow channel, thereby further precisely controlling the suitable temperature range of the hot melt flow channel 21.

[0112] In the embodiments of this application, the flow channel body 20 can be a circular tube structure or a square tube structure, as long as it is easy to process and assemble, and there is no limitation thereto.

[0113] For example, each section of the flow channel pipe can be equipped with a male and female connector of uniform specifications, which facilitates standardized processing and assembly. Correspondingly, the male or female connector of the detachable nozzle component 10 has the same specifications as each section of the flow channel pipe, which facilitates flexible installation of the nozzle component 10.

[0114] In some other embodiments, the flow channel body 20 and the nozzle component 10 may be configured as an integral structure, thereby reducing the number of components in the hot melt assembly 100.

[0115] Alternatively, if the second flow channel tube 23 within the flow channel body 20 is a detachable component, the second flow channel tube 23 and the nozzle component 10 can be integrated into one structure. In this case, the length of the hot melt flow channel 21 can be adjusted by removing and installing other flow channel tubes between the second flow channel tube 23 and the first flow channel tube 22.

[0116] The first heating element 41, the second heating element 42, and the third heating element 43 can be at least one of the heating components such as a heating ring, a heating rod, a heating plate, or a heating wire.

[0117] by Figure 7 and Figure 8 Taking the flow channel body 20 shown as an example, the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 can be heating rings sleeved on the outside of the flow channel body 20 to ensure that the first flow channel tube 22 and the second flow channel tube 23 are heated evenly.

[0118] Alternatively, the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 can also be heating wires, which are coiled and wound around the circumference of the corresponding flow channel tubes to ensure uniform heating of the first flow channel tube 22 and the second flow channel tube 23. Alternatively, the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42 can also be sheet-like structures, bent and fitted around the circumference of the corresponding flow channel tubes, similarly ensuring uniform heating of the first flow channel tube 22 and the second flow channel tube 23. Both methods can directly heat the flow channel body 20, and there is no limitation on this.

[0119] In addition, when the heat-conducting component 50 is provided with a heating hole 52, a heating component with a heating rod structure can be inserted and installed in the heating hole 52 so as to heat the flow channel body 20 through the heat-conducting component 50.

[0120] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first flow channel tube 22 is provided with a first detection blind hole 251 for inserting and installing a first temperature sensor 61 (see reference). Figure 6 The first flow channel 22 and the first temperature-controlled flow channel 211 are provided with a second detection blind hole 252 for inserting and installing a second temperature sensor 62 to detect the heating temperature of the second flow channel 23 and the second temperature-controlled flow channel 212. The regulating pipe section 24 is also provided with a third detection blind hole 253 for inserting and installing a third temperature sensor 64 to detect the heating temperature of the regulating pipe section 24 and the third temperature-controlled flow channel 213.

[0121] By setting the first detection blind hole 251, the second detection blind hole 252 and the third detection blind hole 253, the detection ends of the corresponding first temperature sensor 61, second temperature sensor 62 and third temperature sensor 64 can be closer to the inner wall of the hot melt flow channel 21, thereby improving the accuracy of temperature detection.

[0122] For example, along the Y direction, the first detection blind hole 251 is disposed at one end of the first flow channel pipe 22 near the nozzle component 10, the second detection blind hole 252 is disposed at one end of the second flow channel pipe 23 near the nozzle component 10, and the third detection blind hole 253 is disposed at one end of the filling adjustment pipe section 24 near the nozzle component 10.

[0123] The first detection blind hole 251, the second detection blind hole 252, and the third detection blind hole 253 are blind hole structures opened radially along the flow channel body 20, which facilitates the insertion and installation of temperature sensors while avoiding pressure leakage of the hot melt flow channel 21. Furthermore, the first heating element 41, the second heating element 42, and the third heating element 43 are spaced apart along the Y direction and avoid the first detection blind hole 251, the second detection blind hole 252, and the third detection blind hole 253.

[0124] Such a reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 The temperature control module 63 is electrically connected to the third temperature sensor 64 and the third heating element 43, and is used to collect the heating temperature at the third temperature control channel 213 and adjust the heating power of the third heating element 43. This allows for flexible and accurate control of the heating temperature within the third temperature control channel 213 through the settings of the temperature control module 63.

[0125] Based on this, the temperature control module 63 can also be configured as follows:

[0126] When the temperature of the regulating pipe section 24 is lower than the fifth preset temperature T5, the temperature control module 63 controls the third heating element 43 to start (or increases the heating power) until the heating temperature of the regulating pipe section 24 is higher than or equal to the sixth preset temperature T6. The sixth preset temperature T6 is higher than or equal to the fifth preset temperature T5.

[0127] The specific design refers to the temperature control scheme at the first flow channel tube 22 and the second flow channel tube 23. The greater the temperature difference, the greater the heating power of the third heating element 43.

[0128] During the heating process of the flow channel body 20, the heating temperatures of the first flow channel 22, the regulating pipe section 24, and the second flow channel 23 can be set to decrease sequentially. For example, the sixth preset temperature T6 is higher than the second preset temperature T2, and the sixth preset temperature T6 is lower than the fourth preset temperature T4, so that the hot melt consumable can be fully heated by a higher heating temperature during the sequential flow through the first flow channel 22 and the regulating pipe section 24, and maintain a stable molten state in the second flow channel 23 to avoid thermal deformation, which is beneficial to further improve the melting speed of the hot melt consumable.

[0129] Alternatively, during the heating process of the flow channel body 20, the first flow channel pipe 22, the regulating pipe section 24, and the second flow channel pipe 23 can be set to have the same or approximately the same heating temperature. For example, the second preset temperature T2 is equal to the fourth preset temperature T4 and the sixth preset temperature T6, so as to control the first flow channel pipe 22, the regulating pipe section 24, and the second flow channel pipe 23 to have the same maximum heating temperature, thereby rapidly melting the heat-melting consumable.

[0130] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the fourth type of hot melt assembly 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 10 for Figure 9 The diagram shows a front view of the hot melt assembly 100. The tubular flow channel body 20 may further include a first flow channel tube 22 and a second flow channel tube 23 connected sequentially along the Y direction. A first heating element 41 is disposed around the first flow channel tube 22 for heating the first temperature-controlled flow channel 211. A second heating element 42 is disposed around the second flow channel tube 23 for heating the second temperature-controlled flow channel 212.

[0131] Thus, by setting the first heating element 41 and the second heating element 42, the heating temperatures of the first flow channel tube 22 and the second flow channel tube 23 can be controlled respectively, which is beneficial to improving the melting rate and degree of melting. Furthermore, it has the characteristic of simple structure, which is beneficial to simplifying the number of parts in the hot melt assembly 100.

[0132] Continue to refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 The first flow channel tube 22 is provided with a first detection blind hole 251 for inserting and installing a first temperature sensor 61 (see reference). Figure 6 The second flow channel 23 is provided with a second detection blind hole 252 for inserting and installing a second temperature sensor 62, so as to detect the heating temperature of the second flow channel 23 and the second temperature control flow channel 212.

[0133] By setting the first detection blind hole 251 and the second detection blind hole 252, the detection ends of the corresponding first temperature sensor 61 and second temperature sensor 62 can be closer to the inner wall of the hot melt flow channel 21, thereby improving the accuracy of temperature detection.

[0134] In the above embodiments, the first flow channel tube 22 and the second flow channel tube 23 can be detachably connected by means of threaded connection or snap-fit, so as to flexibly adjust the overall length of the hot melt flow channel 21 by replacing the first flow channel tube 22 or the second flow channel tube 23 of different lengths.

[0135] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle assembly 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. The nozzle assembly 10 includes a nozzle head 12 and a nozzle body 13. The nozzle body 13 has a heat-melting flow channel 21 (i.e., a second temperature-controlled flow channel 212, such as...) Figure 3 (As shown) The nozzle flow channel 14 is connected, the nozzle head 12 is detachably connected to the nozzle body 13, and the nozzle head 12 is provided with a nozzle 11 that is connected to the nozzle flow channel 14.

[0136] The nozzle body 13 and the flow channel body 20 can be an integral structure or they can be set as separate structures.

[0137] For example, a through hole can be made in a tubular structure along the Y direction to form a hot melt flow channel 21 (or a second temperature control flow channel 212) and a nozzle flow channel 14 connected in sequence, that is, an integral flow channel body 20 (or a second flow channel tube 23) and a nozzle body 13. Then, the nozzle head 12 can be installed at the lower end of the nozzle body 13 through a threaded structure.

[0138] Alternatively, the flow channel body 20 and the nozzle body 13 can be configured as separate structures, such as the second flow channel tube 23 being detachably connected to the nozzle body 13. In this case, a threaded structure adapted to the nozzle body 13 can be provided at the second flow channel tube 23, or an internal threaded structure can be provided at the lower end of the heat-conducting through hole 51 of the heat-conducting component 50 for connecting the nozzle body 13; there are no limitations on this. Separate structural components facilitate the processing and installation of various parts in the flow channel body 20 and the nozzle component 10.

[0139] In some embodiments, the hardness of the nozzle head 12 is set to be greater than the hardness of the nozzle body 13. And / or, the thermal conductivity of the nozzle body 13 is set to be higher than that of the nozzle head 12.

[0140] During the printing process, the printhead 12 with nozzles 11 is in continuous contact with printing materials such as hot melt filaments. A printhead 12 with higher hardness can effectively resist wear and extend its service life. Furthermore, high-hardness materials typically also have high heat resistance, ensuring that the high-hardness printhead 12 is not easily deformed under high-temperature and high-intensity printing environments, maintaining stable dimensions and shape, thus ensuring printing accuracy. Therefore, a printhead 12 with stronger wear and heat resistance requires less frequent replacement, thereby reducing maintenance costs.

[0141] By setting the printhead body 13 to have high thermal conductivity, the heat from the flow channel body 20 or the heat-conducting component 50 in contact with the printhead body 13 can be quickly transferred to the printhead body 13, so that the hot melt consumable in the printhead flow channel 14 can be stably kept in a molten state, which is beneficial to improving the printing effect and quality of parts.

[0142] For example, the nozzle body 13 can be made of a high thermal conductivity component such as copper, and the nozzle head 12 can be made of a high hardness component such as steel or titanium alloy, so that the nozzle part 10 has both good thermal conductivity and high hardness characteristics.

[0143] In some embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of a hot melt assembly 100 at a throat fitting 30, provided in an embodiment of this application. The throat fitting 30 includes a first connector 31, a second connector 32, and a throat 33. The first connector 31 is connected to the second connector 32 via the throat 33 and is provided with a feeding channel 34. The second connector 32 is used to connect to a first flow channel 22 so that the feeding channel 34 is connected to a first temperature control flow channel 211. The thermal conductivity of the throat 33 is lower than that of the first flow channel 22 (or the flow channel body).

[0144] Thus, the second connector 32 stably connects the flow channel body 20 and the throat 33, enabling the first temperature-controlled flow channel 211 to be connected and conductive with the feeding flow channel 34. At this time, the first connector 31 connects to the feeding mechanism of the main equipment, allowing the feeding mechanism to transport the hot-melt consumables into the hot-melt flow channel 21 via the feeding flow channel 34 for rapid heating and melting. The throat 33, with its low thermal conductivity, prevents heat transfer from the hot-melt flow channel 21 upstream (e.g., to the feeding mechanism), avoiding heat loss and preventing feeding difficulties caused by heat deformation or melting of the hot-melt consumables before entering the hot-melt flow channel 21.

[0145] The first connector 31 and the second connector 32 are connected to other components by a detachable connection method, such as a threaded connection or a snap-fit, which facilitates the disassembly and replacement of components such as the throat fitting 30.

[0146] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a 3D printer, including the thermomelting assembly 100 from the first aspect.

[0147] For example, the 3D printer includes a main body, a feeding mechanism, and a displacement mechanism. The displacement mechanism is mounted on the main body and connected to the hot melt assembly 100. The hot melt assembly 100 is detachably connected to the displacement mechanism via a second connector 32, so that the spatial position of the nozzle 11 can be adjusted by the displacement mechanism. The output port of the feeding mechanism is connected to the second connector 32 and is configured to communicate with the feeding channel 34, so as to smoothly and continuously supply hot melt filament into the hot melt channel 21.

[0148] Since the 3D printer includes the thermofused component 100 in the first aspect, the 3D printer possesses all the beneficial effects of the thermofused component 100, which will not be elaborated here.

[0149] In practical applications, with Figure 4 and Figure 5 Taking the hot melt component 100 shown as an example, the 3D printer needs to configure a variety of printing parameters during the printing process.

[0150] Printing parameters can include the feed rate of the consumable (hot melt consumable), printing speed, extrusion flow rate, etc. For example, the extrusion flow rate Q and the length L of the hot melt flow channel must satisfy the following condition: Q = (-0.003796L) / (2π) = 0.003796L ... 2 +1.05074L)A. Where A is the structural coefficient of the hot melt flow channel, which is related to the cross-sectional area and shape of the hot melt flow channel. For a 2mm circular flow channel structure, A=1, and the length of the hot melt flow channel can be 40-200mm, typically 70-150mm. When the length of the hot melt flow channel is within 100-140mm, the maximum extrusion flow rate of the hot melt consumable can reach 70mm. 3Approximately [number] seconds, higher than that of ordinary printers (generally 10-30 mm). 3 This allows for a flow rate that is twice or more than the maximum extrusion flow rate, which is beneficial for rapidly increasing the printing speed of 3D printers and maintaining a stable output.

[0151] The workflow of a 3D printer is as follows:

[0152] S1: When starting work, set the heating temperature threshold (i.e., the second preset temperature T2) and (the fourth preset temperature T4) according to the melting temperature of different heat-melting consumables.

[0153] At the first flow channel, i.e., the second preset temperature T2 is greater than or equal to the heat denaturation temperature of the heat-melting consumable. At the second flow channel, i.e., the fourth preset temperature T4 is equal to the heat denaturation temperature of the heat-melting consumable.

[0154] The values ​​of T2 and T4 mentioned above may be different.

[0155] Alternatively, the values ​​of T2 and T4 can be set to be the same, that is, the second preset temperature T2 and the fourth preset temperature T4 are equal and both are the heat deformation temperature of the heat-melting consumable.

[0156] If the suitable printing temperature for a certain PLA-1 consumable is 200-220°C, then set T2=240°C and T4=220°C, that is, 220°C is the thermal denaturation temperature of the PLA-1 consumable.

[0157] Hot melt filaments will denature when the temperature exceeds the maximum suitable printing temperature, affecting printing. Therefore, existing technologies control the heating temperature within the suitable printing temperature range of the filament. However, this solution sets T2 to 240, which is higher than the maximum suitable printing temperature of the hot melt filament. But because it only targets the first heating element and the first temperature control channel, that is, the upper half of the hot melt channel, and the hot melt filament is continuously pushed in, the hot melt filament will quickly pass through the upper half of the hot melt channel to the lower half after entering the hot melt channel. The heating time is limited, and the amount of heat absorbed by the hot melt filament is limited. Therefore, it will only accelerate the heat absorption and melting of the hot melt filament, and will not cause the hot melt filament to denature.

[0158] S2: After printing preparation and printing start, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor send the detected temperature A1 at the first flow channel and the detected temperature A2 at the second flow channel to the temperature control module in real time.

[0159] S3: The temperature control module compares the received A1 data with T2 in real time, and compares the received A2 data with T4 in real time.

[0160] S4: When the detected temperature approaches the set temperature (i.e., T2 and T4), the controller gradually reduces the heating power of the heat source until the detected temperature is higher than or equal to the set temperature, at which point heating stops. This ensures that the temperature at the first temperature-controlled flow channel is maintained at T2, and the temperature at the second temperature-controlled flow channel is maintained at T4, until printing is complete.

[0161] The extrusion process of hot melt consumables:

[0162] S1: Rigid hot melt consumables enter the feeding channel at the throat fitting under the action of external force.

[0163] S2: The hot melt consumable directly reaches the first temperature control channel through the feeding channel at the throat fitting. Because the low-temperature hot melt consumable passes through quickly, it will take away a lot of heat from the first temperature control channel, causing the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor at the first temperature control channel to drop. At this time, the control module controls the first heating element to turn on to provide more heat to the first temperature control channel, ensuring that the first temperature control channel does not lose temperature (become too low).

[0164] S3: The hot melt consumable continues to move down to the second temperature-controlled flow channel. At this point, the hot melt consumable has risen to a certain temperature, and the amount of heat carried away in the later section (i.e., the second temperature-controlled flow channel) is relatively small. The second temperature sensor at the second temperature-controlled flow channel detects a small temperature drop, so the control module only needs to make the second heating element provide a small amount of heat.

[0165] S3: Consumables that have been heated and melted in the second temperature-controlled flow channel are extruded from the nozzle.

[0166] Among them, the longer the heating time per unit length of the heat-melting consumable, the higher the degree of melting. The heat-melting flow channel can significantly increase the heat-contact area of ​​the heat-melting consumable, thus facilitating the melting of the consumable, especially melting the core that is not easily melted inside the consumable, so that the consumable can be fully melted.

[0167] Within the allowable melting temperature range of the filament, by setting the T2 temperature to a high value and the T4 temperature to a low value, the cold filament can be melted quickly without the nozzle filament temperature becoming too high, which would make it difficult to print.

[0168] In the relevant tests, PLA-2 consumables were used for testing. Based on the melting temperature range of PLA-2 consumables (210℃-230℃), T2 and T4 were both set to 230±5℃.

[0169] In this test, the lengths of the multiple hot melt channels were 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm and 100mm respectively, the outlet diameter at the nozzle was 0.4mm, the feed speed of the hot melt consumable was 25mm / s, and the maximum flow rate data were measured as follows: 43mm³ / s, 50mm³ / s, 55mm³ / s, 60mm³ / s and 67mm³ / s respectively.

[0170] In the hot-melt assembly provided in this application embodiment, within a certain range, the larger the length of the hot-melt flow channel, the greater the flow rate of the melted hot-melt consumable. This allows for flexible adjustment of the hot-melt assembly's specifications to suit different printing needs. It is important to emphasize that the suitable heating temperatures of the hot-melt consumable flowing out of the nozzle are defined as the first temperature B1 and the second temperature B2, with the second temperature B2 being higher than the first temperature B1. For example, the melting temperature range of the PLA-2 consumable is 210℃ (i.e., the first temperature B1) - 230℃ (i.e., the second temperature B2). The second temperature B2 is the heat distortion temperature. When the heating temperature exceeds the heat distortion temperature, the hot-melt consumable may undergo heat distortion, thereby reducing print quality or preventing printing. When the heating temperature does not exceed the heat distortion temperature, the hot-melt consumable will not undergo heat distortion.

[0171] Thus, by configuring the temperature control module such that the third preset temperature T3 is higher than or equal to the first temperature B1, and the first preset temperature T1 is higher than or equal to the second temperature B2, the first temperature control channel can be heated more rapidly to quickly heat the lower-temperature hot melt consumables, which helps to improve the heat absorption and melting speed of the hot melt consumables.

[0172] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0173] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hot melt assembly, comprising a nozzle (10), a flow channel body (20) and a throat (33) connected in sequence, wherein at least the flow channel body (20) is provided with a hot melt flow channel (21) for heating hot melt consumables; Its features are, The length of the hot melt flow channel (21) is 40-200mm.

2. The hot-melt assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the hot melt flow channel (21) is 100-140 mm.

3. The hot-melt assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow channel body (20) includes a first flow channel pipe (22) and a second flow channel pipe (23). The first flow channel pipe (22) is connected to the throat pipe (33) component (30), and the second flow channel pipe (23) is connected to the nozzle component (10). The first flow channel pipe (22) and the second flow channel pipe (23) are connected. The hot melt assembly further includes a first heating element (41) and a second heating element (42), wherein the first heating element (41) is used to heat the first flow channel tube (22) and the second heating element (42) is used to heat the second flow channel tube (23).

4. The hot-melt assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow channel body (20) also includes an adjustment pipe section (24), which is connected between the first flow channel pipe (22) and the second flow channel pipe (23) for connecting the first flow channel pipe (22) and the second flow channel pipe.

5. The hot-melt assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flow channel body (20) is a one-piece structure; or, The flow channel body (20) is a split structure, wherein: The first flow channel pipe (22) is detachably connected to the regulating pipe section (24); and / or, The second flow channel (23) is detachably connected to the regulating pipe section (24).

6. The hot-melt assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first heating element (41) and the second heating element (42) are at least one of heating ring, heating rod, heating plate or heating wire.

7. The hot melt assembly according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that, The hot melt assembly also includes: The first temperature sensor (61) is used to detect the heating temperature of the first flow channel tube (22); A second temperature sensor (62) is used to detect the heating temperature of the second flow channel (23); and Temperature control module (63) is electrically connected to at least the first heating element (41), the second heating element (42), the first temperature sensor (61), and the second temperature sensor (62).

8. The hot-melt assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heating temperature of the first flow channel (22) is higher than or equal to the heating temperature of the second flow channel (23).

9. The hot-melt assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The heating temperature of the first flow channel tube (22) is higher than or equal to the thermal denaturation temperature of the hot melt consumable, and the heating temperature of the second flow channel tube (23) is lower than or equal to the thermal denaturation temperature of the hot melt consumable.

10. The hot melt assembly according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that, The hot melt assembly also includes: A heat-conducting component (50) is provided with a heat-conducting through hole (51) along a first direction. The flow channel body (20) is inserted into the heat-conducting through hole (51) along the first direction and is in contact with the heat-conducting component (50). Along the first direction, the heat-conducting component (50) is provided with a heating hole (52). The first heating component (41) is inserted into one end of the heating hole (52) near the first flow channel tube (22), and the second heating component (42) is inserted into one end of the heating hole (52) near the second flow channel tube (23).

11. The hot-melt assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, Along the radial direction of the heat-conducting through hole (51), the heat-conducting component (50) is provided with a first temperature detection hole (53) and a second temperature detection hole (54) that communicate with the heat-conducting through hole (51). Along the first direction, the first temperature detection hole (53) is located at one end of the heat-conducting element (50) near the first flow channel tube (22), and the second temperature detection hole (54) is located at one end of the heat-conducting element (50) near the second flow channel tube (23).

12. The hot-melt assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the heat-conducting component (50) is configured as a split structure corresponding to at least the first flow channel (22) and the second flow channel (23).

13. The hot-melt assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, The flow channel body (20) and the heat-conducting component (50) are separate structures; or, The flow channel body (20) and the heat-conducting component (50) are an integral structure.

14. The hot melt assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The nozzle component (10) includes: The nozzle body (13) has a nozzle flow channel (14) communicating with the hot melt flow channel (21); and, The nozzle (12) is detachably connected to the nozzle body (13), and the nozzle (12) is provided with a nozzle (11) that communicates with the nozzle flow channel (14). Wherein, the hardness of the nozzle (12) is greater than the hardness of the nozzle body (13); and / or, The thermal conductivity of the nozzle body (13) is higher than that of the nozzle head (12).

15. The hot-melt assembly according to claim 14, characterized in that, The flow channel body (20) and the nozzle body (13) are an integral structure; or, The flow channel body (20) and the nozzle body (13) are separate structures, and the flow channel body (20) and the nozzle body (13) are detachably connected.

16. A 3D printer, characterized in that, Includes the hot melt assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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