Waste incineration power generation fly ash treatment system based on Brown gas combustion and combustion furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to a waste incineration power generation fly ash treatment system based on Brown gas combustion and a combustion furnace, and relates to the technical field of waste treatment. The treatment system consists of a fly ash pretreatment unit, a brown gas preparation unit, a combustion unit and a tail gas treatment unit, the fly ash pretreatment unit and the brown gas preparation unit are respectively communicated with the combustion unit, and the combustion unit is communicated with the tail gas treatment unit; the combustion unit comprises a combustion furnace. According to the treatment system, the brown gas is used for carrying out combustion treatment on the fly ash, the content of harmful substances in the fly ash is effectively reduced, harmless and stable treatment of the fly ash is achieved, and meanwhile the problems that an existing treatment method is high in cost, large in secondary pollution risk and the like are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste treatment technology, and in particular to a fly ash treatment system and combustion furnace for waste incineration power generation based on Brown gas combustion. Background Technology

[0002] Waste-to-energy incineration, as an effective waste treatment method, has been widely used in urban waste management. It can significantly reduce waste volume while converting the energy in the waste into electricity, achieving resource recycling. However, the fly ash produced during waste incineration contains large amounts of heavy metals (such as lead, mercury, and cadmium), dioxins, and other harmful substances. These harmful substances are highly toxic, difficult to degrade, and bioaccumulate. If not properly treated, they can enter the ecological environment through soil, water, and air, posing a serious threat to the environment and human health.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for treating fly ash from waste incineration power generation include solidification and landfill, and co-processing in cement kilns. Solidification and landfill involves mixing fly ash with a solidifying agent before landfilling, but this method requires a large amount of land resources, and the solidified material may crack under long-term environmental conditions, leading to the leakage of harmful substances and posing a risk of secondary pollution. Co-processing in cement kilns involves feeding fly ash as a raw material into a cement kiln for high-temperature treatment, but this method has certain requirements regarding the composition and properties of the fly ash, has high processing costs, and may affect the quality of cement. Therefore, finding an efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical method for fly ash treatment is of significant practical importance. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a waste incineration power generation fly ash treatment system based on Brown gas combustion. The various units within this system are organically connected and work collaboratively. Brown gas is produced through water electrolysis, and then used to burn the fly ash. The high temperature generated by Brown gas combustion effectively decomposes harmful substances in the fly ash, achieving harmless and stable treatment. This overcomes the problems of high cost and significant secondary pollution risk associated with existing treatment methods. Furthermore, it does not require the addition of large amounts of fuel during combustion, resulting in a relatively short treatment time and improved efficiency. Simultaneously, the exhaust gas produced by the combustion unit undergoes rigorous purification treatment using a combination of technologies, such as filtration, adsorption, and catalytic conversion, to comprehensively remove harmful substances from the exhaust gas, significantly reducing the risk of secondary pollution and ensuring that the exhaust gas meets emission standards.

[0005] This utility model provides a fly ash treatment system for waste incineration power generation based on Brown gas combustion, which consists of a fly ash pretreatment unit, a Brown gas preparation unit, a combustion unit, and a tail gas treatment unit;

[0006] The fly ash pretreatment unit and the Brown gas preparation unit are respectively connected to the combustion unit, and the combustion unit is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit; the combustion unit includes a combustion furnace.

[0007] In one embodiment, the fly ash pretreatment unit includes a fly ash collector, a screening device, and a metal separator connected in sequence.

[0008] The screening device includes a vibrating screen, and the metal separator includes an electromagnetic separator.

[0009] In one embodiment, the Brown gas preparation unit includes a water electrolysis device and a gas storage tank, wherein the water electrolysis device is used to prepare Brown gas and the gas storage tank is used to store Brown gas.

[0010] In one embodiment, the Brown gas comprises hydrogen and oxygen in a volume ratio of 2:1.

[0011] In one embodiment, the gas storage tank is made of pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, and the gas storage tank is equipped with a pressure sensor and a safety valve.

[0012] In one embodiment, the combustion unit further includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a ventilation device, which are located inside the combustion furnace.

[0013] In one embodiment, the exhaust gas treatment unit includes a dust removal device, a desulfurization device, a denitrification device, and a harmful substance adsorption device connected in sequence.

[0014] The dust removal device includes a bag filter, the desulfurization device includes a desulfurization tower, the denitrification device includes a selective catalytic reduction reactor, and the adsorbent of the harmful substance adsorption device includes activated carbon.

[0015] In one embodiment, the desulfurization device achieves desulfurization through the limestone-gypsum method, the denitrification device achieves denitrification through selective catalytic reduction, and the harmful substance adsorption device removes harmful substances through activated carbon adsorption.

[0016] The present invention also provides a combustion furnace in the aforementioned waste incineration power generation fly ash treatment system, comprising a furnace body, a furnace bottom, and a furnace top. The furnace body is provided with a fly ash inlet, a Brown gas preheater, and a plurality of Brown gas burners. The furnace top is provided with an explosion-proof hole and a tail gas outlet. The furnace bottom is provided with a plurality of ash hoppers.

[0017] In one embodiment, at least one of the ash hoppers is provided with a fly ash outlet, the fly ash inlet is connected to the fly ash pretreatment unit, the exhaust gas outlet is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit, and the Brown gas burner is connected to the Brown gas preparation unit.

[0018] In one embodiment, a plurality of cooling pipes are provided between the furnace body and the furnace bottom, the cooling pipes being used to cool and stabilize the fly ash after combustion.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention discloses a waste-to-energy fly ash treatment system and incinerator based on Brown gas combustion. The system utilizes the high temperature generated by Brown gas combustion to effectively decompose harmful substances in the fly ash, achieving harmless and stable treatment. Furthermore, precise control of combustion temperature and reaction time ensures more thorough decomposition of harmful substances, achieving higher standards of harmless treatment. The system also recovers heat from the combustion process through a heat exchange system, with the Brown gas preheated by a Brown gas preheater, further reducing energy consumption and treatment costs. Simultaneously, the exhaust gas produced by the combustion unit undergoes rigorous purification treatment using a combination of technologies, such as filtration, adsorption, and catalytic conversion, to comprehensively remove harmful substances from the exhaust gas, significantly reducing the risk of secondary pollution and ensuring that the exhaust gas meets emission standards. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the combustion furnace, in which 1 is the support column, 2 is the cooling pipe, 3 is the Brown gas burner, 4 is the fly ash inlet, 5 is the explosion-proof hole, 6 is the exhaust gas outlet, 7 is the Brown gas preheater, 8 is the ash hopper, and 9 is the fly ash outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0023] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] Example

[0026] I. A fly ash treatment system for waste incineration power generation based on Brown gas combustion.

[0027] The fly ash treatment system for waste incineration power generation consists of a fly ash pretreatment unit, a Brown gas preparation unit, a combustion unit, and an exhaust gas treatment unit; the fly ash pretreatment unit and the Brown gas preparation unit are respectively connected to the combustion unit, and the combustion unit is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit; the combustion unit includes a combustion furnace.

[0028] 1. Fly Ash Pretreatment Unit: This unit includes a fly ash collector, a screening device, and a metal separator, used to collect, screen, and remove metals from fly ash. The fly ash collector can employ a dust collection hood and piping system to collect the fly ash generated by the waste incinerator; the screening device uses a vibrating screen, which uses vibration to force the fly ash through the screen and separate large particles of impurities; the metal separator uses an electromagnetic separator, which uses electromagnetic force to adsorb metals from the fly ash.

[0029] 2. Brown Gas Preparation Unit: This unit includes a water electrolysis device and a gas storage tank. The water electrolysis device is used to prepare Brown gas, and the gas storage tank is used to store the prepared Brown gas. The water electrolysis device consists of an electrolytic cell, electrodes, a power supply, etc., and produces Brown gas by electrolyzing water. The gas storage tank is made of pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, such as stainless steel, and is equipped with a pressure sensor and a safety valve to ensure safe gas storage.

[0030] 3. Combustion Unit: This includes a combustion furnace, used to burn pretreated fly ash under the action of Brownian gas. The combustion furnace is made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant materials, such as refractory bricks and stainless steel. The furnace is equipped with temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and ventilation devices, enabling real-time monitoring and adjustment of temperature, pressure, and ventilation within the furnace to ensure a stable and safe combustion process.

[0031] In this embodiment, the structure of the combustion furnace is as follows: Figure 1As shown. The combustion furnace includes a furnace body, a furnace bottom, and a furnace top. The furnace body is equipped with a fly ash inlet 4, a Brown gas preheater 7, and several Brown gas burners 3. The fly ash inlet 4 is used to introduce pretreated fly ash and is connected to the fly ash pretreatment unit. The Brown gas preheater 7 is used to preheat Brown gas. The Brown gas burners 3 are connected to the Brown gas production unit and are used to introduce Brown gas and burn Brown gas in the furnace body. The furnace top is equipped with an explosion-proof hole 5 and a tail gas outlet 6, which is connected to the tail gas treatment unit. Several cooling pipes 2 are installed between the furnace body and the furnace bottom to cool and stabilize the combusted fly ash. Several ash hoppers 8 are installed at the furnace bottom, one of which has a fly ash outlet 9 for discharging the stabilized fly ash.

[0032] 4. Exhaust Gas Treatment Unit: This unit includes a dust removal device, a desulfurization device, a denitrification device, and a hazardous substance adsorption device, used to purify the exhaust gas generated during combustion. The dust removal device uses a bag filter, with the filter bags made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant material; the desulfurization device uses a limestone-gypsum desulfurization tower, equipped with a spraying device and a stirring device to ensure full contact between the limestone slurry and the exhaust gas; the denitrification device uses a selective catalytic reduction reactor filled with a catalyst; and the hazardous substance adsorption device uses an activated carbon adsorber, with the activated carbon replaced periodically to ensure adsorption efficiency.

[0033] II. A method for stabilizing fly ash from waste incineration power generation by burning Brown gas.

[0034] The method includes the following steps:

[0035] 1. Fly Ash Pretreatment: The fly ash generated from waste incineration power generation is collected and screened to remove large particles and metals larger than 5mm in diameter, resulting in pretreated fly ash. Specifically, the fly ash is collected by a fly ash collector and then fed into a screening device, such as a vibrating screen, to remove large particles larger than this diameter. Next, a metal separator, such as an electromagnetic separator, is used to remove metals from the fly ash, yielding pretreated fly ash.

[0036] In this embodiment, the screen mesh size of the vibrating screen is set to 5mm to remove large particle impurities with a particle size greater than this value.

[0037] 2. Brown Gas Preparation: Brown gas is prepared using a water electrolysis device. Appropriate amounts of water and an electrolyte (such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) are added to the device. The device is started, and by precisely controlling the current and voltage, hydrogen and oxygen are electrolyzed to produce brown gas in a strictly 2:1 volume ratio. The prepared brown gas is then transferred to a gas storage tank for later use.

[0038] 3. Combustion Treatment: The pretreated fly ash is fed into the combustion furnace, and prepared Brown gas is introduced into the furnace. The combustion temperature is controlled at 800-1200℃, and the combustion time is 30-60 minutes to ensure complete combustion of the fly ash under the action of Brown gas. During the combustion process, the high temperature generated by the Brown gas combustion enables the harmful substances in the fly ash to undergo decomposition and volatilization reactions. The stable combustion process is ensured by adjusting the Brown gas flow rate and the ventilation rate of the combustion furnace. Simultaneously, temperature and pressure sensors are used to monitor parameters such as temperature and pressure inside the combustion furnace in real time, and adjustments are made in real time through an automatic control system.

[0039] 4. Exhaust Gas Treatment: The exhaust gas generated during combustion is purified to remove harmful substances before being discharged in compliance with standards. The exhaust gas is sequentially purified through a dust removal device, a desulfurization device, a denitrification device, and a harmful substance adsorption device. The dust removal device uses a bag filter, which effectively removes particulate matter from the exhaust gas. The desulfurization device uses the limestone-gypsum method, where limestone slurry is sprayed into the desulfurization tower to react with sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas to produce gypsum, thereby removing sulfur dioxide. The denitrification device uses selective catalytic reduction, where nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas react with ammonia under the action of a catalyst to produce nitrogen and water. The harmful substance adsorption device uses activated carbon adsorption. Activated carbon has a large specific surface area and abundant pore structure, which can effectively adsorb harmful substances such as heavy metals and dioxins in the exhaust gas.

[0040] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0041] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fly ash treatment system for waste incineration power generation based on Brown gas combustion, characterized by, The fly ash pretreatment unit, the brown gas preparation unit, the combustion unit and the tail gas treatment unit are connected in series. The fly ash pretreatment unit and the brown gas preparation unit are connected with the combustion unit, and the combustion unit is connected with the tail gas treatment unit.

2. The waste incineration power plant fly ash treatment system of claim 1, wherein, The fly ash pretreatment unit comprises a fly ash collector, a screening device and a metal separator connected in series. The screening device comprises a vibrating screen, and the metal separator comprises an electromagnetic separator.

3. The waste incineration power plant fly ash treatment system of claim 1, wherein, The brown gas preparation unit comprises a water electrolysis device and a gas storage tank.

4. The waste incineration power plant fly ash treatment system of claim 3, wherein, The gas storage tank is made of pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, and is provided with a pressure sensor and a safety valve.

5. The waste incineration power generation fly ash treatment system according to claim 1, characterized by, The combustion unit further comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a ventilation device.

6. The waste incineration power generation fly ash treatment system according to claim 1, characterized by, The tail gas treatment unit comprises a dust removal device, a desulfurization device, a denitration device and a harmful substance adsorption device connected in series. The dust removal device comprises a bag-type dust collector, the desulfurization device comprises a desulfurization tower, the denitration device comprises a selective catalytic reduction reactor, and the adsorbent of the harmful substance adsorption device comprises activated carbon.

7. The MSW incineration fly ash treatment system of claim 6, wherein, The desulfurization device realizes desulfurization by the limestone-gypsum method, the denitration device realizes denitration by the selective catalytic reduction method, and the harmful substance adsorption device removes harmful substances by activated carbon adsorption.

8. The combustion furnace in the waste incineration power generation fly ash treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by, The furnace body is provided with a fly ash inlet, a brown gas preheater and a plurality of brown gas burners.

9. The combustion furnace of claim 8, wherein At least one of the fly ash outlets of the ash hoppers is provided with a fly ash outlet.

10. The combustion furnace of claim 8, wherein The fly ash inlet is connected with the fly ash pretreatment unit, the tail gas outlet is connected with the tail gas treatment unit, and the brown gas burners are connected with the brown gas preparation unit. A plurality of cooling pipes are arranged between the furnace body and the furnace bottom to cool the burned fly ash to stabilize it.

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