Organic solid waste heat treatment device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an organic solid waste heat treatment device which comprises a vertical incinerator, a burner and a waste heat boiler, the incinerator is sequentially provided with a reduction reaction hearth, an oxidation reaction hearth and a cooling section from top to bottom, the diameters of the reduction reaction hearth, the oxidation reaction hearth and the cooling section are gradually increased, and the side face of the lower portion of the cooling section is connected to the waste heat boiler through an obliquely upward connecting pipeline. An upper shell wraps the reduction reaction hearth, a lower shell wraps the oxidation reaction hearth and the cooling section, and the upper end of the lower shell is in butt joint with the lower end of the upper shell; an annular combustion-supporting air bellow a is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper portion of the upper shell, a plurality of spray pipes a communicated to a reduction reaction hearth are evenly installed on the inner side of the combustion-supporting air bellow a along the circumference, and the directions of the spray pipes a have tangential angles so that inlet air can form rotational flow. And a cooling ring box is mounted in the middle of the lower shell. The device realizes environment-friendly, efficient and energy-saving treatment of the organic solid waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of incineration technology, specifically to a thermal treatment device for organic solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main incineration methods for treating organic solid waste are circulating fluidized bed incineration and rotary kilns. Circulating fluidized bed incinerators have no moving mechanical parts and relatively good durability, extending the lifespan of the machinery. However, they can easily generate secondary hazards such as tar or dioxins when treating hazardous solid waste. Rotary kilns, on the other hand, allow waste to enter the furnace for incineration without pretreatment and have relatively wide applicability. In waste treatment, the rotation speed of the rotary kiln can be adjusted to regulate the waste residence time. Simultaneously, the mechanical vibration of the system provides good mixing of the waste, improving the overall efficiency of waste treatment. However, spherical solid waste is prone to rotation, making complete combustion difficult. The flue gas contains relatively more flotation particles, and slag formation is common when treating sludge waste. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an organic solid waste heat treatment device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an organic solid waste heat treatment device, comprising a vertical incinerator, a burner, and a waste heat boiler. The incinerator is formed from top to bottom as a reduction reaction furnace, an oxidation reaction furnace, and a cooling section with gradually increasing diameters. The burner is installed vertically downward at the top of the reduction reaction furnace, and the burner nozzle extends into the inner cavity of the reduction reaction furnace. The lower side of the cooling section is connected to the waste heat boiler through an upwardly inclined connecting pipe. The reduction reaction furnace is surrounded by an upper shell, and the oxidation reaction furnace and the cooling section are surrounded by a lower shell. The upper end of the lower shell is connected to the lower end of the upper shell.

[0005] An annular combustion air box a is fixedly installed on the upper outer side of the upper shell. Multiple nozzles a connected to the reduction reaction furnace are evenly installed on the inner side of the combustion air box a along the circumference. The nozzles a have a tangential angle to form a swirling airflow. An annular combustion air box b is installed at the connection between the lower shell and the upper shell. Multiple nozzles b evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner side of the combustion air box b are connected to the top of the oxidation reaction furnace. A cooling ring box is installed in the middle of the lower shell. Multiple nozzles c evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner side of the cooling ring box are connected to the upper side of the cooling section.

[0006] Preferably, the waste heat boiler is provided with an inverted U-shaped flue and a flue outlet at the end of the flue, and the waste heat boiler is equipped with multiple heat exchange devices and a feedwater preheater along the side wall of the flue.

[0007] Preferably, a boiler drum is installed on the top of the waste heat boiler, and the boiler drum is connected to the top of the inner cavity of the flue by a pipe.

[0008] Preferably, a water-cooled wall interlayer is formed between the outer side of the reduction reaction furnace and the inner cavity of the upper shell.

[0009] Preferably, the tangential angles of nozzle a, nozzle b, and nozzle c are 4 to 30°.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention adopts a two-stage vertical furnace design. Organic solid waste is first converted into CO, H2, CO2, and H2O through anaerobic combustion in the reduction furnace. The reduction products then enter the oxidation furnace with the flue gas and mix with the combustion air to produce an oxidation reaction, resulting in complete combustion. In the cooling section, cold air from the cooling ring box is introduced to lower the temperature, ensuring that the ash discharged from the bottom is solid. Finally, a waste heat boiler recovers the heat from the flue gas to generate steam. This device achieves environmentally friendly, efficient, and energy-saving treatment of organic solid waste. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal cross-sectional structure at point a of the combustion-supporting air box.

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Burner; 2. Reduction reaction furnace; 3. Oxidation reaction furnace; 4. Cooling section; 5. Upper shell; 6. Lower shell; 7. Waste heat boiler; 8. Connecting pipes; 9. Boiler drum; 10. Flue gas outlet; 11. Combustion air box a; 12. Combustion air box b; 13. Cooling ring box; 14. Water-cooled wall jacket; 15. Nozzle a. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0015] Please see Figure 1-2This utility model provides a technical solution: an organic solid waste heat treatment device, including a vertical incinerator, a burner 1, and a waste heat boiler 7. The incinerator consists of a reduction reaction furnace 2, an oxidation reaction furnace 3, and a cooling section 4, with gradually increasing diameters from top to bottom. The burner 1 is vertically mounted on the top of the reduction reaction furnace 2, with its nozzle extending into the inner cavity of the reduction reaction furnace 2. The lower side of the cooling section 4 is connected to the waste heat boiler 7 via an upwardly inclined connecting pipe 8. The waste heat boiler 7 has an inverted U-shaped flue with an exhaust port 10 at the end of the flue, through which low-temperature clean flue gas is finally discharged. The waste heat boiler 7 has multiple heat exchange devices and a feedwater preheater installed along the side wall of the flue. A boiler drum 9 is installed on the top of the waste heat boiler 7, and the boiler drum 9 is connected to the top of the inner cavity of the flue via a pipe. The reduction reaction furnace 2 is surrounded by an upper shell 5, and the oxidation reaction furnace 3 and the cooling section 4 are surrounded by a lower shell 6. The inner wall of the lower shell 6 is filled with heat insulation material between it and the oxidation reaction furnace 3 and the cooling section 4. The upper end of the lower shell 6 is connected to the lower end of the upper shell 5.

[0016] An annular combustion air box a11 is fixedly installed on the upper outer side of the upper shell 5. Multiple nozzles a15, connected to the reduction furnace 2, are evenly installed along the circumference of the inner side of the combustion air box a11. The nozzles a15 are oriented at a tangential angle to create a swirling airflow. After the organic solid waste is blown into the reduction furnace 2, it undergoes anaerobic combustion, resulting in a gasification reduction reaction that generates CO, CO2, H2, water vapor, etc. The organic solid waste then enters the oxidation furnace 3 in liquid form along with the flue gas. A water-cooled wall interlayer 14 is formed between the outer side of the reduction furnace 2 and the inner cavity of the upper shell 5.

[0017] An annular combustion air box b12 is installed at the connection between the lower shell 6 and the upper shell 5. Multiple circumferentially distributed nozzles b connect the inner side of the combustion air box b12 to the top of the oxidation reaction furnace 3. The combustion air box b12 supplies sufficient air to the oxidation reaction furnace 3 (the oxidation reaction furnace 3 is a positive pressure furnace, with a positive pressure value between 10 and 100 kPa. Positive pressure is conducive to efficient combustion of solid waste and avoids backfire). This allows the combustion air to mix rapidly with the reducing component flue gas at a certain angle, generating an oxidation reaction, and the residue is completely incinerated in this stage. A cooling ring box 13 is installed in the middle of the lower shell 6. Multiple circumferentially distributed nozzles c connect the inner side of the cooling ring box 13 to the upper side of the cooling section 4. The ash and slag produced in the oxidation reaction stage enter the cooling section, where cold air is blown in by the cooling ring box 13 to mix with the high-temperature flue gas and ash and slag, lowering the temperature and allowing large particles of ash and slag to be discharged in solid form through the slag discharge port, avoiding the problem of molten slag. The tangential angles of nozzles a15, b, and c are 4–30°.

[0018] Working Principle: Organic solid waste is blown in through the nozzle at burner 1, and combustion air is blown into the reduction reaction furnace 2 through the combustion air box a11. The organic solid waste first undergoes anaerobic combustion in the reduction reaction furnace 2, where all C and H in the organic solid waste are converted into gases such as CO, H2, CO2, and H2O, which then enter the oxidation reaction furnace 3 with the flue gas (simultaneously generating a large amount of heat; the temperature of the reduction reaction furnace 2 is controlled above the ash melting point of the organic solid waste to ensure that the ash is in a molten state). Sufficient oxygen is blown into the oxidation reaction furnace 12 through the combustion air box b12 to mix with the materials and produce an oxidation reaction. At this stage, any unreacted carbon residue in the ash is completely burned off. A cooling ring box 13 is installed at the inlet of the cooling section 4. After entering the cooling ring box 13, the cooling air quickly mixes with the high-temperature flue gas, reducing the temperature of the cooling section 4 and causing the ash to be discharged in solid form. Then, the flue gas and fly ash enter the waste heat boiler 7 through the connecting pipe 8, where multiple heat exchange devices and a feedwater preheater are installed.

[0019] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An organic solid waste heat treatment apparatus comprising a vertical incinerator, a burner (1), and a waste heat boiler (7), characterized by: The incinerator is sequentially formed with a reduction reaction furnace chamber (2) with gradually increasing diameter, an oxidation reaction furnace chamber (3) and a cooling section (4) from top to bottom, the burner (1) is vertically downwardly installed at the top of the reduction reaction furnace chamber (2) and the nozzle of the burner (1) extends into the inner cavity of the reduction reaction furnace chamber (2), the lower side of the cooling section (4) is connected to the waste heat boiler (7) through the upwardly inclined connecting pipeline (8), the reduction reaction furnace chamber (2) is wrapped with the upper shell (5), the oxidation reaction furnace chamber (3) and the cooling section (4) are wrapped with the lower shell (6), and the upper end of the lower shell (6) is butted with the lower end of the upper shell (5); The annular combustion air box a (11) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper part of the upper shell (5), a plurality of nozzles a (15) connected to the reduction reaction furnace chamber (2) are uniformly installed on the inner side of the combustion air box a (11) along the circumference, the nozzles a (15) have a tangential angle to form a swirling flow of the incoming air, the annular combustion air box b (12) is installed at the connection between the lower shell (6) and the upper shell (5), the inner side of the combustion air box b (12) is connected to the top of the oxidation reaction furnace chamber (3) through a plurality of nozzles b uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the cooling ring box (13) is installed on the middle part of the lower shell (6).

2. The organic solid waste heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat boiler (7) is provided with an inverted U-shaped flue and an exhaust port (10) at the end of the flue, and a plurality of heat exchange devices and a feedwater preheater are installed along the side wall of the flue.

3. The organic solid waste heat treatment apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by: The top of the waste heat boiler (7) is provided with a boiler drum (9) connected to the top of the inner cavity of the flue through a pipeline.

4. The organic solid waste heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The outer side of the reduction reaction furnace chamber (2) and the inner cavity of the upper shell (5) form a water-cooled wall interlayer (14).

5. The organic solid waste heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The tangential angles of the nozzles a (15), the nozzles b and the nozzles c are all 4-30°.

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