Solar and earth physical model device capable of simultaneously measuring shadow and temperature

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sun-earth physical model device capable of simultaneously measuring shadow and temperature, which particularly relates to the field of teaching aids and comprises an indicating pad, the top of the indicating pad is fixedly connected with a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with a connecting column, and the top of the connecting column is fixedly connected with a lamp holder. When the sliding block is moved rightwards, the sliding block drives the connecting rod to slide along the interior of the path groove, so that the sliding block inclines leftwards while moving rightwards, and the earth model also inclines leftwards; when the sliding block slides leftwards, the earth model inclines rightwards; after the inclination angle of the earth model is adjusted, the fixing nut is rotated, so that the fixing nut is pressed on the surface of the adjusting seat, the effect of positioning the sliding block and the earth model is achieved, meanwhile, the earth model can be rotated, and different areas of the earth model correspond to the halogen lamp. Therefore, the position and inclination angle of the earth model can be adjusted conveniently and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of teaching aids technology, specifically a physical model device for measuring the sun and earth simultaneously. Background Technology

[0002] The Earth-Sun physical model device for simultaneous shadow and temperature measurement is a multifunctional teaching or research tool that integrates simulation of the Earth-Sun system, shadow measurement, and temperature measurement. By simulating the Sun, Earth, and their relative motion, and utilizing optical and temperature sensing technologies, this device achieves simultaneous measurement of shadow and temperature changes within the Earth-Sun system.

[0003] Existing physical models of the Earth and Sun that simultaneously measure shadow and temperature are inconvenient to adjust in terms of position and tilt, often resulting in inaccuracies in the range of angle adjustments and the position and angle of the Earth's rotation around the Sun when students manipulate the position and angle of the "Earth" and "Sun." Therefore, the inventors have provided a physical model of the Earth and Sun that simultaneously measures shadow and temperature to solve the problems mentioned in the background section. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for simultaneously measuring the shadow temperature of the Earth and the Sun, so as to achieve the effect of convenient and accurate adjustment of the position and tilt angle of the Earth model.

[0005] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A physical model device for simultaneous shadow and temperature measurement of the Earth and Sun includes an indicator pad, a base fixedly connected to the top of the indicator pad, a connecting column fixedly connected to the top of the base, a lamp holder fixedly connected to the top of the connecting column, a lamp cover fixedly connected to the top of the lamp holder, a halogen lamp fixedly installed inside the lamp cover, a rotating rod rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting column, a fixed rod rotatably connected to the inner side of the rotating rod via a bearing, the fixed rod extending downward through the rotating rod, and an Earth model connected to the top of the fixed rod via an angle adjustment mechanism; the angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment seat fixedly connected to the top of the fixed rod, path grooves respectively opened on the front and rear sides of the adjustment seat, a connecting rod slidably connected inside the path grooves on both sides, a sliding block fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting rod, a movable rod rotatably connected to the top of the sliding block, and the outer side of the movable rod rotatably connected to the Earth model.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model: limiting plates are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the movable rod, and the limiting plates are in contact with the inner surface of the adjusting seat.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model: the path groove is a symmetrical arc shape with a downward concave shape, and the center of the arc shape is consistent with the center of the globe.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model: a stud is fixedly connected to the front side of the connecting rod, and a fixing nut is threadedly connected to the outer side of the stud.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the four sides of the top of the indicator pad are marked with the four solar terms "Spring Equinox", "Autumn Equinox", "Summer Solstice" and "Winter Solstice" in sequence.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a shadow temperature detection mechanism is provided on the right side of the Earth model. The shadow temperature detection mechanism includes a second magnetic absorbing sheet adhered to the right surface of the Earth model. A first magnetic absorbing sheet is magnetically connected to the right side of the second magnetic absorbing sheet. A temperature detector wrapped with a PVC soft plastic sheet is fixedly installed on the right side of the first magnetic absorbing sheet. A display screen is electrically connected to the bottom of the temperature detector through a circuit. A shadow measuring scale made of lightweight plastic is fixedly connected to the top of the first magnetic absorbing sheet. A shadow measuring rod is fixedly connected to the right side of the shadow measuring scale.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] This solar-terrestrial model device, which measures both shadow and temperature, works by moving a sliding block to the right. The sliding block causes the connecting rod to slide along the path groove, tilting the Earth model to the left as the block moves to the right. Conversely, when the sliding block moves to the left, it causes the connecting rod to slide along the path groove, tilting the Earth model to the right as well. These different tilt directions accommodate changes in the Earth's tilt angle during different seasons. After adjusting the Earth model's tilt angle, rotating the fixing nut secures it to the adjusting seat, thus positioning the sliding block and Earth model. Simultaneously, the Earth model can rotate, aligning different areas with the halogen lamps. This allows for convenient and accurate adjustment of the Earth model's position and tilt angle.

[0014] In addition, this solar-terrestrial physical model device for simultaneous shadow and temperature measurement achieves this by fixing a second magnetic plate to the illuminated area of ​​the Earth model with glue or double-sided tape, and then magnetically attaching the first and second magnetic plates together. The temperature detector is positioned directly opposite the halogen lamp's illumination point, while the light shines on the shadow measuring rod, causing its shadow to be projected onto a shadow measuring scale. The length of the shadow of the shadow measuring rod is then measured using the shadow measuring scale, and the temperature rise of the detector within a given time (s) is observed. The temperature is displayed on a screen. This achieves the effect of simultaneous observation of temperature and shadow length. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a physical model device for measuring both shadow and temperature of the Earth and Sun;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a physical model device for measuring both shadow and temperature on Earth during the experiment.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment mechanism in a physical model device for measuring both shadow and Earth temperature.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the angle detection mechanism in a physical model device for measuring both shadow temperature and Earth surface temperature.

[0019] In the diagram: 10. Indicator pad; 11. Base; 12. Connecting post; 13. Lamp holder; 14. Halogen lamp; 15. Rotating rod; 16. Fixed rod; 17. Earth model; 18. Movable rod; 20. Shadow temperature detection mechanism; 201. First magnetic locator; 202. Temperature detector; 203. Circuit; 204. Display screen; 205. Shadow measuring scale; 206. Second magnetic locator; 207. Shadow measuring rod; 30. Angle adjustment mechanism; 301. Adjustment seat; 302. Path groove; 303. Sliding block; 304. Connecting rod; 305. Limiting piece; 306. Stud; 307. Fixing nut. Detailed Implementation

[0020] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a solar-terrestrial physical model device for simultaneous shadow temperature measurement includes an indicator pad 10. A base 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the indicator pad 10. A connecting column 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 11. A lamp holder 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting column 12. A lamp cover is fixedly connected to the top of the lamp holder 13. A halogen lamp 14 is fixedly installed inside the lamp cover. A rotating rod 15 is rotatably connected to the outside of the connecting column 12. A fixed rod 16 is rotatably connected to the inside of the rotating rod 15 via a bearing. The fixed rod 16 extends downward through the rotating rod 15. A terrestrial model 17 is connected to the top of the fixed rod 16 via an angle adjustment mechanism 30. A shadow temperature detection mechanism 20 is provided on the right side of the terrestrial model 17.

[0021] Preferably, the top of the indicator pad 10 is marked with the four solar terms "Spring Equinox", "Autumn Equinox", "Summer Solstice" and "Winter Solstice" in sequence on the front, back, left and right sides; this makes it easy to rotate the Earth model 17 to the position corresponding to the solar term.

[0022] In use, the tilt angle of the Earth model 17 is first adjusted by the angle adjustment mechanism 30. After adjustment, the tilt angle of the Earth model 17 is fixed. Then, by rotating the rotating rod 15, the Earth model 17 revolves to different seasonal points. The rotation of the rotating rod 15 drives the fixed rod 16, the angle adjustment mechanism 30, and the Earth model 17 to rotate, so that the Earth model 17 revolves to the position of the corresponding solar term. Then, the Earth model 17 is rotated to make it rotate on its own axis, so that the Earth model 17 faces the sun at noon, so that the angle of illumination of the illuminated area changes. Then, the halogen lamp 14 is turned on by the external power supply. The halogen lamp 14 turns on to simulate the sun's light and illuminates the surface of the Earth model 17. Finally, the shadow temperature detection mechanism 20 detects the temperature of the local position on the Earth model 17 illuminated by the halogen lamp 14 and measures the length of the shadow of the Earth model 17 illuminated by the halogen lamp 14.

[0023] refer to Figure 1 , 3 4. The angle adjustment mechanism 30 includes an adjustment seat 301 fixedly connected to the top of the fixed rod 16. Path grooves 302 are respectively opened on the front and rear sides of the adjustment seat 301. Connecting rods 304 are slidably connected inside the path grooves 302 on both sides. Movable rods 18 are rotatably connected to the top of the connecting rods 304. The outer side of the movable rods 18 is rotatably connected to the earth model 17.

[0024] Preferably, limiting pieces 305 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the movable rod 18, and the limiting pieces 305 are in contact with the inner surface of the adjusting seat 301, thereby achieving the effect of limiting the connecting rod 304.

[0025] Preferably, the path groove 302 is a symmetrical arc shape with a downward concave shape. In use, when the sliding block 303 is moved to the right, the sliding block 303 drives the connecting rod 304 to slide along the inside of the path groove 302, so that the sliding block 303 moves to the right and tilts to the left at the same time, so that the Earth model 17 also tilts to the left. When the sliding block 303 slides to the left, the sliding block 303 drives the connecting rod 304 to slide along the inside of the path groove 302, so that the sliding block 303 moves to the left and tilts to the right at the same time, so that the Earth model 17 also tilts to the right. The tilting in different directions can meet the changes in the tilt angle of the "Earth" in different seasons.

[0026] Furthermore, a stud 306 is fixedly connected to the front side of the connecting rod 304, and a fixing nut 307 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the stud 306. After adjusting the tilt angle of the Earth model 17, the fixing nut 307 is rotated to press the fixing nut 307 against the surface of the adjusting seat 301, thereby achieving the effect of positioning the sliding block 303 and the Earth model 17. At the same time, the Earth model 17 can rotate so that different areas of the Earth model 17 correspond to the halogen lamp 14.

[0027] Based on the above operations, temperature and shadow measurements were taken over a certain period of time at non-solar point locations using Earth Model 17. The results were as follows: at the vernal equinox, the measured temperature change and shadow length were moderate; at the summer solstice, the measured temperature change was large and the shadow length was short; at the autumnal equinox, the measured temperature change and shadow length were moderate; and at the winter solstice, the measured temperature change was small and the shadow length was long. This demonstrates that the cycle of the four seasons is caused by the Earth's revolution around the sun and the Earth's axis remaining tilted in a fixed direction.

[0028] refer to Figure 2 The shadow temperature detection mechanism 20 includes a second magnetic absorbing piece 206 adhered to the right surface of the Earth model 17. The right side of the second magnetic absorbing piece 206 is magnetically connected to a first magnetic absorbing piece 201. A temperature detector 202 wrapped in PVC soft plastic sheet is fixedly installed on the right side of the first magnetic absorbing piece 201. The bottom of the temperature detector 202 is electrically connected to a display screen 204 via a line 203. A shadow measuring scale 205 made of lightweight plastic is fixedly connected to the top of the first magnetic absorbing piece 201. A shadow measuring rod 207 is fixedly connected to the right side of the shadow measuring scale 205.

[0029] In use, the second magnetic clasp 206 is fixed to the illuminated area on the Earth model 17 using glue or double-sided tape. Then, the first magnetic clasp 201 and the second magnetic clasp 206 are magnetically attached together. The temperature detector 202 is positioned directly opposite the halogen lamp 14, while the light shines on the shadow measuring rod 207, causing its shadow to be projected onto the shadow measuring scale 205. The shadow length of the shadow of the shadow measuring rod 207 is then measured using the shadow measuring scale 205, and the temperature rise of the temperature detector 202 within 20 seconds is observed. The temperature is displayed on the screen 204. This achieves simultaneous observation of temperature and shadow length. The second magnetic clasp 206 is fixed during the experiment to the mid-latitude region of the Northern Hemisphere corresponding to the "Beijing area" in the Earth model 17.

[0030] The experiment was conducted as follows: the user manipulated the angle adjustment mechanism 30 to keep the Earth model 17 upright or tilted in a fixed direction; the shadow temperature detection mechanism 20 was installed on the "Beijing area" on the Earth model 17; and the halogen lamp 14 was turned on.

[0031] ② Rotate Earth Model 17 to the position corresponding to the summer solstice; adjust "Beijing area" to noon, i.e., point the temperature measuring head towards the light fixture; observe the shadow length of Earth Model 17 and the temperature rise over 20 seconds.

[0032] ③ Move Earth model 17 to the corresponding point of the winter solstice and replace the shadow temperature detection mechanism 20; adjust "Beijing area" to noon; turn on the lights and observe the shadow length and temperature rise of Earth model 17 in 20 seconds.

[0033] Experimental conclusion: When the Earth's axis is tilted in a fixed direction, the temperature changes and shadow lengths measured at the summer and winter solstices show significant differences, consistent with the shadow and temperature patterns of summer and winter. However, when the Earth's axis is upright, there are no significant differences in temperature changes and shadow lengths measured at the summer and winter solstices. This indicates that seasonal changes are related to the fixed tilt direction of the Earth's axis (pointing towards Polaris).

[0034] The above-mentioned device also has the following advantages in the teaching process:

[0035] 1. Strengthen inquiry and cultivate abilities

[0036] Improved teaching aids enable students to freely adjust the tilt of Earth Model 17, allowing them to independently deduce and reason based on their observations, deeply explore the inherent logic between Earth's orbit around the sun and the cycle of the four seasons, and cultivate their reasoning and model-building abilities.

[0037] 2. Refined operation, deepened understanding

[0038] The actual motion of celestial bodies is far removed from everyday experience and exceeds the cognitive level of fifth-grade students. Therefore, a revolution axis is established to standardize the Earth's motion, avoid cognitive biases caused by model operational errors, and guide students to build a stable and accurate cognitive framework of the Earth-Sun system.

[0039] 3. Improve simulation and promote construction

[0040] The teaching aids have been improved by introducing a high-brightness, high-thermal-efficiency halogen lamp 14 as the light source and an acrylic glass cover as a solar simulator. This simulates the effects of light and heat while preventing the risk of burns from direct contact. The more intuitive and visual physical models facilitate students' understanding of the connection between the Earth's orbit around the sun and the seasonal cycle.

[0041] 4. Quantitative Indicators: Intuitive and Rigorous

[0042] Improvements were made to the material and shape of the temperature measuring components to achieve accurate measurement of temperature variations at specific seasonal locations. A detailed scale was also added to ensure students could accurately measure shadow length. This quantitative approach facilitates the construction of a more comprehensive scientific model, reflecting a data-driven spirit of scientific inquiry.

[0043] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: When the sliding block 303 is moved to the right, the sliding block 303 drives the connecting rod 304 to slide along the path groove 302, causing the sliding block 303 to move to the right and tilt to the left at the same time, causing the Earth model 17 to tilt to the left as well; when the sliding block 303 slides to the left, the sliding block 303 drives the connecting rod 304 to slide along the path groove 302, causing the sliding block 303 to move to the left and tilt to the right at the same time, causing the Earth model 17 to tilt to the right as well; the tilt in different directions can meet the tilt angle changes of the "Earth" in different seasons; after adjusting the tilt angle of the Earth model 17, the fixing nut 307 is rotated to press the fixing nut 307 against the surface of the adjusting seat 301, thereby achieving the effect of positioning the sliding block 303 and the Earth model 17. At the same time, the Earth model 17 can rotate so that different areas of the Earth model 17 correspond to the halogen lamp 14.

[0044] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model.

Claims

1. A shadow temperature synchronous measurement of the sun and the earth physical model device, including an indication pad (10), the top of the indication pad (10) is fixedly connected with a base (11), the top of the base (11) is fixedly connected with a connecting column (12), the top of the connecting column (12) is fixedly connected with a lamp holder (13), the top of the lamp holder (13) is fixedly connected with a lampshade, the inside of the lampshade is fixedly installed with a halogen lamp (14); characterized in that, The outer side of the connecting column (12) is rotatably connected with a rotating rod (15), the inner side of the rotating rod (15) is rotatably connected with a fixed rod (16) through a bearing, the fixed rod (16) extends downward and penetrates the rotating rod (15), and the top of the fixed rod (16) is connected with an earth model (17) through an angle adjusting mechanism (30); the angle adjusting mechanism (30) comprises an adjusting seat (301) fixedly connected to the top of the fixed rod (16), path grooves (302) are formed in the front and back of the adjusting seat (301) respectively, connecting rods (304) are slidably connected in the path grooves (302) on the two sides, sliding blocks (303) are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the connecting rods (304), movable rods (18) are rotatably connected to the top of the sliding blocks (303), and the movable rods (18) are rotatably connected with the earth model (17) on the outer sides.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein, Limiting sheets (305) are fixedly connected to the front and back of the movable rod (18) respectively, and the limiting sheets (305) are in contact with the inner side surfaces of the adjusting seat (301) respectively.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein, The path grooves (302) are downwardly recessed symmetrical arcs, and the centers of the arcs are consistent with the center of the globe.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein, A threaded stud (306) is fixedly connected to the front side of the connecting rod (304), and a fixed nut (307) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded stud (306).

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein, The top of the indicating pad (10) is marked with four seasons "spring equinox", "autumn equinox", "summer solstice" and "winter solstice" in sequence from left to right and front to back.

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein, The right side of the earth model (17) is provided with a shadow temperature detection mechanism (20), the shadow temperature detection mechanism (20) comprises a second magnetic sheet (206) bonded to the right side surface of the earth model (17), the right side of the second magnetic sheet (206) is magnetically connected with a first magnetic sheet (201), the right side of the first magnetic sheet (201) is fixedly installed with a temperature detector (202) wrapped by a pvc soft plastic plate, the bottom of the temperature detector (202) is electrically connected with a display screen (204) through a line (203), the top of the first magnetic sheet (201) is fixedly connected with a shadow measuring scale (205) made of light plastic, and the right side of the shadow measuring scale (205) is fixedly connected with a shadow measuring rod (207).

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