Water conservancy facility distributed intelligent safety monitoring system based on Internet of Things
By combining a magnetic mounting base, a dual-link communication module, and a redundant power supply module, the installation complexity and power supply reliability issues of traditional water conservancy facility monitoring systems are solved, enabling efficient and reliable monitoring and rapid early warning of water conservancy facilities.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional water conservancy facility monitoring systems rely on manual inspections, which are inefficient, have insufficient communication stability, poor power supply reliability, low installation flexibility, high anomaly detection delay, and weak equipment environmental adaptability, resulting in insufficient monitoring reliability and maintenance convenience.
It adopts a magnetic mounting base, dual-link communication module, redundant power supply module and hardware-level anomaly detection circuit, combined with LoRa self-organizing network and cellular network, foldable solar panel and mains power complementary interface to achieve rapid deployment, real-time communication and localized early warning.
It has improved the deployment efficiency and communication stability of the water conservancy facility monitoring system, ensured reliable operation around the clock, shortened the anomaly response time, realized rapid location and on-site early warning, and improved the timeliness and reliability of monitoring.
Smart Images
Figure CN223985740U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy facility safety monitoring technology, and in particular to a distributed intelligent safety monitoring system for water conservancy facilities based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology
[0002] Traditional methods for monitoring the safety of water conservancy facilities have long relied on manual inspections and single-point sensor deployments, which have significant limitations. Manual inspections require periodic on-site data collection, which is particularly problematic in complex environments such as remote reservoirs and underground water conveyance tunnels. This not only results in slow response times but also exposes the facility to operational risks due to severe weather. While existing automated monitoring equipment partially achieves data acquisition, it mostly employs fixed installation structures, relying on bolt anchoring or concrete bases. The installation process is cumbersome and easily damages the waterproofing layer of the facility's surface. Long-term exposure to humid environments can lead to corrosion and failure, making it difficult to meet the rapid deployment needs of facilities in different terrains. Furthermore, traditional equipment communication modules rely solely on wired networks or wireless transmission on specific frequency bands. Communication interruptions frequently occur in areas with signal obstruction, such as mountainous regions and culverts, leading to data loss or delays and compromising the reliability of real-time early warnings.
[0003] Existing systems often rely on external mains power or disposable batteries, limiting deployment in areas without grid coverage and significantly increasing maintenance costs due to frequent battery replacements. Some solar-powered devices, with their fixed structures, cannot adapt to varying lighting conditions, leading to power shortages and system failures in extreme weather. The data anomaly detection process overly depends on cloud-based algorithms, requiring raw data to be transmitted back to servers for analysis. Insufficient network latency and algorithm fault tolerance can cause false alarms and missed alarms, and local emergency response cannot be triggered quickly, missing the critical window for handling emergencies. Furthermore, most devices lack physical anti-tampering and environmentally adaptable designs, and sensor interfaces are not sufficiently waterproof, making them susceptible to silt intrusion or biological adhesion during long-term operation, leading to data distortion or even equipment damage. These deficiencies severely restrict the reliability, environmental adaptability, and ease of maintenance of water conservancy facility monitoring systems, necessitating a new solution integrating efficient installation, multi-mode communication, intelligent power supply, and hardware-level anomaly detection. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the technical problems of low efficiency, insufficient communication stability, poor power supply reliability, low installation flexibility, high anomaly detection delay, and weak equipment environmental adaptability in existing technologies, this utility model provides a distributed intelligent safety monitoring system for water conservancy facilities based on the Internet of Things.
[0005] The technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:
[0006] This utility model provides a distributed intelligent safety monitoring system for water conservancy facilities based on the Internet of Things, comprising:
[0007] The monitoring terminal group, sensor module, regional gateway cluster, cloud data platform, and early warning terminal group are characterized by:
[0008] The monitoring terminal group consists of multiple distributed monitoring units fixed to the surface of the water conservancy facility. Each monitoring unit is fixed by a magnetic mounting base, which includes a permanent magnet chassis and an adjustable angle bracket. An anti-tamper trigger switch is provided at the end of the bracket.
[0009] The sensor module is integrated inside the monitoring terminal group, including a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor. Each sensor is connected to the data acquisition unit through a waterproof electrical interface.
[0010] The regional gateway cluster is wirelessly connected to the monitoring terminal group through a star topology, including a dual-link communication module, a protocol conversion circuit and a redundant power supply module. The dual-link communication module has a built-in LoRa transceiver and a 4G / 5G modem, and selects the communication link through a mechanical switching switch.
[0011] The cloud data platform receives encrypted data packets transmitted by the regional gateway cluster through the mobile communication network, and has a built-in data storage unit and an anomaly triggering circuit. The anomaly triggering circuit includes a multi-channel hardware comparator and a threshold register.
[0012] The early warning terminal group includes an on-site audible and visual alarm unit and a remote alarm unit. The on-site audible and visual alarm unit is connected to the cloud data platform via a wired interface.
[0013] The redundant power supply module integrates a foldable solar panel and a mains power complementary interface, and the threshold register sets the safety threshold through a physical DIP switch.
[0014] Furthermore, the permanent magnet chassis surface of the magnetic mounting base is covered with an epoxy resin sealing layer, the adjustable angle bracket adopts a stainless steel corrugated pipe structure, and a triaxial vibration sensor is configured at the end of the bracket.
[0015] Furthermore, the mechanical switching switch of the dual-link communication module is an electromagnetic relay driven structure, and its switching action is controlled by a signal strength detection circuit.
[0016] Furthermore, the redundant power supply module has a built-in overvoltage protector and a mechanical power switch in its mains complementary interface. The power switch automatically selects the power supply mode through a voltage comparison circuit.
[0017] Furthermore, the multi-channel hardware comparator of the abnormal triggering circuit includes at least three independent operational amplifiers, which are respectively connected to the data input ports of the pressure, displacement and temperature and humidity sensors.
[0018] Furthermore, the on-site audible and visual alarm unit includes a rotating warning light and a directional sound wave transmitter. The rotating warning light achieves 360° periodic scanning through a worm gear transmission mechanism.
[0019] Furthermore, the waterproof electrical interface of the sensor module adopts an IP68 waterproof plug, and the interface is wrapped with a silicone protective sleeve.
[0020] Furthermore, a metal shield is provided on the outside of the regional gateway cluster, the inside of the shield is filled with a thermally conductive silicone layer, and an omnidirectional antenna array is fixed on the outer wall of the shield.
[0021] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this utility model include at least the following:
[0022] (1) In this utility model, the combination design of a magnetic mounting base and an adjustable angle bracket solves the technical problems of complex installation and poor adaptability of traditional water conservancy monitoring equipment. The magnetic base uses a permanent magnet chassis to achieve rapid adsorption and fixation without damaging the surface of the facility. The adjustable bracket uses a corrugated pipe structure to flexibly adjust the posture of the monitoring terminal to adapt to different terrains and facility curvatures, significantly improving deployment efficiency. At the same time, the dual-link communication module integrates LoRa self-organizing network and cellular network redundant transmission, automatically switching communication links in areas with signal obstruction such as mountainous areas and culverts to ensure real-time and stable data transmission, effectively avoiding the interruption risk of traditional single communication mode and ensuring the reliable operation of the monitoring system around the clock.
[0023] (2) In this utility model, the shortcomings of limited power supply and delayed early warning in existing systems are overcome by using a redundant power supply module and a hardware-level anomaly detection circuit. The redundant power supply module adopts a foldable solar panel and a complementary interface with the mains power. In areas without grid coverage, solar power is used first, and the system automatically switches to mains power in extreme weather conditions. Combined with a mechanical power switch, uninterrupted power supply is ensured. The anomaly triggering circuit has a built-in multi-channel hardware comparator and a physical DIP switch to set thresholds. It directly compares sensor data locally in real time without relying on cloud algorithm processing, which greatly shortens the anomaly response time. Combined with the worm gear drive warning light and directional sound wave transmitter of the audible and visual alarm unit, it realizes rapid location of danger and on-site early warning, which significantly improves the timeliness and reliability of water conservancy facility safety monitoring. Attached Figure Description
[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0025] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a distributed intelligent safety monitoring system for water conservancy facilities based on the Internet of Things provided in this embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a monitoring terminal group in a distributed intelligent safety monitoring system for water conservancy facilities based on the Internet of Things, provided as an embodiment of this utility model.
[0027] In the diagram: 11. Monitoring terminal group; 111. Magnetic mounting base; 1111. Permanent magnet chassis; 1112. Adjustable angle bracket; 1113. Anti-tamper trigger switch; 1114. Epoxy resin sealing layer; 1115. Triaxial vibration sensor; 12. Sensor module; 121. Pressure sensor; 122. Displacement sensor; 123. Temperature and humidity sensor; 124. Waterproof electrical interface; 1241. Silicone protective sleeve; 13. Data acquisition unit; 14. Regional gateway cluster; 141. Dual-link communication module; 1411. LoRa transceiver; 1412. 4G / 5G modem; 1413. Mechanical switching switch; 1414. Signal strength detection circuit; 142. Protocol conversion circuit; 143. Redundant power supply module; 1431. Foldable solar panel; 1432, Mains-electricity complementary interface; 14321, Overvoltage protector; 14322, Mechanical power switch; 14323, Voltage comparator circuit; 15, Cloud data platform; 151, Data storage unit; 152, Abnormal triggering circuit; 1521, Multi-channel hardware comparator; 15211, Independent operational amplifier; 1522, Threshold register; 15221, Physical DIP switch; 16, Early warning terminal group; 161, On-site audible and visual alarm unit; 1611, Rotating warning light; 1612, Directional sound wave transmitter; 1613, Worm gear transmission mechanism; 162, Remote alarm unit; 1621, Electronic map positioning module; 17, Metal shielding cover; 171, Thermally conductive silicone layer; 172, Omnidirectional antenna array. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The technical solution of this utility model will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0029] In the embodiments of this utility model, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in this utility model should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in the embodiments of this utility model, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either one or the other.
[0030] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of this utility model clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0031] This utility model embodiment provides a distributed intelligent safety monitoring system for water conservancy facilities based on the Internet of Things, including:
[0032] Its core structure consists of a monitoring terminal group 11, which contains multiple distributed monitoring units. Each monitoring unit is fixed to the surface of the hydraulic facility via a magnetic mounting base 111. The magnetic mounting base 111 includes a permanent magnet chassis 1111 and an adjustable angle bracket 1112. The surface of the permanent magnet chassis 1111 is covered with an epoxy resin sealing layer 1114. The adjustable angle bracket 1112 adopts a stainless steel corrugated pipe structure, with an anti-tamper trigger switch 1113 integrated at its end. The monitoring terminal group 11 integrates a sensor module 12, which includes a pressure sensor 121, a displacement sensor 122, and a temperature and humidity sensor 123. Each sensor is connected to the data acquisition unit 13 via a waterproof electrical interface 124, which is externally wrapped with a silicone protective sleeve 1241. The sensor cables pass through the adjustable angle bracket 1112, and the outer layer of the cables is wrapped with a wear-resistant braided layer. The ends are fixed to the monitoring unit housing via flanges.
[0033] The regional gateway cluster 14 is wirelessly connected to the monitoring terminal group 11 via a star topology network. The regional gateway cluster 14 includes a dual-link communication module 141, a protocol conversion circuit 142, and a redundant power supply module 143. The dual-link communication module 141 integrates a LoRa transceiver 1411 and a 4G / 5G modem 1412, which switch communication links via a mechanical switch 1413 controlled by a signal strength detection circuit 1414. The redundant power supply module 143 integrates a foldable solar panel 1431 and a mains power complementarity interface 1432. The foldable solar panel 1431 is connected to the gateway housing via a hinge. The mains power complementarity interface 1432 integrates an overvoltage protector 14321 and a mechanical power switch 14322, which automatically selects the power supply mode via a voltage comparison circuit 14323. The regional gateway cluster 14 is externally shielded with a metal shield 17, filled with a thermally conductive silicone layer 171. An omnidirectional antenna array 172 is fixed to the outer wall of the shield.
[0034] The cloud data platform 15 receives encrypted data packets transmitted by the regional gateway cluster 14. The cloud data platform 15 has a built-in data storage unit 151 and an anomaly triggering circuit 152. The anomaly triggering circuit 152 includes a multi-channel hardware comparator 1521 and a threshold register 1522. The multi-channel hardware comparator 1521 includes three independent operational amplifiers 15211, which are respectively connected to the data ports of the pressure sensor 121, displacement sensor 122, and temperature and humidity sensor 123. The threshold register 1522 sets the safety threshold through a physical DIP switch 15221. The early warning terminal group 16 includes a local audible and visual alarm unit 161 and a remote alarm unit 162. The local audible and visual alarm unit 161 provides alarm functionality through a rotating warning light 1611 and a directional sound wave transmitter 1612. The rotating warning light 1611 is driven by a worm gear transmission mechanism 1613, and the directional sound wave transmitter 1612 has a built-in piezoelectric ceramic plate. The remote alarm unit 162 integrates an electronic map positioning module 1621 to display the location of the anomaly monitoring point in real time.
[0035] During the deployment of the monitoring terminal group 11, the magnetic mounting base 111 is attached to the surface of the hydraulic facility via a permanent magnet chassis 1111. The adjustable angle bracket 1112 is adjusted to the preset angle and then fixed with locking bolts. The protective tube of the sensor module 12 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, and a double-layer filter is installed at the end. The outer layer of the filter is a stainless steel coarse filter, and the inner layer is a nylon fine filter. The monitoring unit box is suspended and fixed by a detachable bracket, which includes a support rod, anchor bolts, and a wall fixing rod. Shock-absorbing rubber pads are installed at the connection between the support rod and the box.
[0036] When deploying the system communication links, the signal strength of the LoRa transceiver 1411 and the 4G / 5G modem 1412 of the dual-link communication module 141 needs to be tested to ensure the reliability of dual-link redundancy. After the foldable solar panel 1431 of the redundant power supply module 143 is unfolded, it is adjusted to the optimal light-receiving angle. The power switch 14322 of the mains-powered complementary interface 1432 monitors the input voltage in real time through the voltage comparison circuit 14323, and the switching process is completed through a mechanical gear structure. In the abnormal triggering circuit 152 of the cloud data platform 15, each position of the physical DIP switch 15221 corresponds to a preset threshold for seepage pressure, displacement, and temperature and humidity. The threshold data is stored in the non-volatile memory of the threshold register 1522.
[0037] During system maintenance, the surface of the foldable solar panel 1431 can be rinsed with clean water to remove accumulated dust, and the metal shielding cover 17 can be removed using quick-release screws to clean the internal thermally conductive silicone layer 171. The waterproof electrical interface 124 of the monitoring terminal group 11 should be regularly checked for sealing of the silicone protective sleeve 1241; if damaged, the protective sleeve must be replaced. The worm gear transmission mechanism 1613 of the on-site audible and visual alarm unit 161 should be lubricated every six months to ensure smooth scanning of the rotating warning light 1611. All cable connectors use military-grade waterproof connectors, with internal waterproof rubber rings and external UV-resistant tape to ensure stable connections in long-term outdoor environments.
[0038] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the IoT-based distributed intelligent safety monitoring system for water conservancy facilities consists of a monitoring terminal group 11, a regional gateway cluster 14, a cloud data platform 15, and an early warning terminal group 16. The monitoring terminal group 11 is fixed to the surface of the water conservancy facility via a magnetic mounting base 111. The magnetic mounting base 111 includes a permanent magnet chassis 1111 and an adjustable angle bracket 1112. The permanent magnet chassis 1111 is made of high-strength magnetic material and is covered with an epoxy resin sealing layer 1114 to enhance waterproof and corrosion resistance. The adjustable angle bracket 1112 is a stainless steel corrugated pipe structure with an integrated anti-tamper trigger switch 1113 at the end. The bracket is rigidly connected to the housing of the monitoring terminal group 11 via a flange. Sensor cables are run inside the bracket, and the outer layer of the cables is wrapped with a wear-resistant braided layer. The monitoring terminal group 11 integrates a sensor module 12, which includes a pressure sensor 121, a displacement sensor 122, and a temperature and humidity sensor 123. Each sensor is connected to the data acquisition unit 13 via a waterproof electrical interface 124. The waterproof electrical interface 124 adopts an IP68 waterproof design, and the interface is wrapped with a silicone protective sleeve 1241. A double-layer rubber sealing ring is set between the silicone protective sleeve 1241 and the interface slot to ensure long-term waterproof sealing. The data acquisition unit 13 receives the monitoring data from the sensor module 12 and integrates a signal filtering circuit and an analog-to-digital converter module. The filtering circuit uses an RC low-pass filter to eliminate high-frequency noise. The analog-to-digital converter module converts the analog signal into a digital signal and then transmits it to the area gateway cluster 14 via a low-power communication module 114 using LoRa or NB-IoT wireless communication.
[0039] The regional gateway cluster 14 establishes a wireless connection with multiple monitoring terminal groups 11 through a star topology network. The gateway housing is made of die-cast aluminum and is equipped with an external metal shield 17. The shield is filled with a thermally conductive silicone layer 171 to suppress electromagnetic interference and enhance heat dissipation. An omnidirectional antenna array 172 is fixed to the outer wall of the shield to expand the signal coverage. The regional gateway cluster 14 integrates a dual-link communication module 141 and a redundant power supply module 143. The dual-link communication module 141 includes a LoRa transceiver 1411 and a 4G / 5G modem 1412. The two are switched via a mechanical switch 1413. The mechanical switch 1413 is controlled by a signal strength detection circuit 1414. When the LoRa signal strength is lower than a preset threshold, an electromagnetic relay drives the switch 1413 to automatically switch to cellular network transmission mode. The redundant power supply module 143 includes a foldable solar panel 1431 and a mains power complementary interface 1432. The foldable solar panel 1431 is connected to the gateway housing through a hinge structure. When unfolded, it can be adjusted to the optimal light-receiving angle. The surface of the solar panel is covered with a tempered glass protective layer. The mains power complementary interface 1432 has a built-in overvoltage protector 14321 and a mechanical power switch 14322. The power switch 14322 monitors the solar and mains input voltages in real time through a voltage comparison circuit 14323. When the solar power supply is insufficient, the mechanical gear structure drives the switch to the mains power supply mode.
[0040] The cloud data platform 15 receives encrypted data packets transmitted by the regional gateway cluster 14 via a cellular network. The platform has a built-in data storage unit 151 and an anomaly triggering circuit 152. The data storage unit 151 uses a multi-channel solid-state drive array, supporting high-speed storage and retrieval of time-series data. The anomaly triggering circuit 152 consists of a multi-channel hardware comparator 1521 and a threshold register 1522. The multi-channel hardware comparator 1521 includes three independent operational amplifiers, which are respectively connected to the data input ports of the pressure sensor 121, displacement sensor 122, and temperature and humidity sensor 123. The threshold register 1522 sets a safety threshold range through a physical DIP switch 15221. Each DIP switch position corresponds to a preset voltage threshold. When the sensor data exceeds the threshold, the comparator outputs a high-level trigger signal. The early warning terminal group 16 includes a local audible and visual alarm unit 161 and a remote alarm unit 162. The local audible and visual alarm unit 161 provides alarm functionality through a rotating warning light 1611 and a directional sound wave transmitter 1612. The rotating warning light 1611 is driven by a worm gear transmission mechanism 1613, with the worm connected to a stepper motor to achieve 360° periodic scanning. A ring-shaped LED light strip is fixed to the outside of the worm gear, and the light strip is encapsulated in a waterproof polycarbonate cover. The directional sound wave transmitter 1612 has a built-in piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a resonant cavity, which can directionally emit high-frequency alarm sound waves. The remote alarm unit 162 integrates an electronic map positioning module 1621. The module matches the location of abnormal monitoring points using GPS coordinates and displays alarm information in real time on the management interface using flashing icons.
[0041] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 2As shown, the permanent magnet chassis 1111 of the magnetic mounting base 111 is strongly magnetically adsorbed onto the surface of the hydraulic facility. Before installation, the contact surface must be cleaned to maximize the magnetic force. Threaded holes are opened on the edge of the chassis, and an adjustable angle bracket 1112 is fixed with bolts. The adjustable angle bracket 1112 is a stainless steel corrugated pipe structure. The corrugated pipe can be manually bent to adjust the installation angle of the monitoring terminal group 11. The end of the bracket is connected to the bottom of the housing via a flange, and waterproof sealant is applied to the flange contact surface. An anti-tamper trigger switch 1113 is embedded at the end of the bracket and adopts a mechanical spring contact design. The contact cable passes through the inside of the corrugated pipe and connects to the alarm input port of the data acquisition unit 13. When the bracket is pulled by an external force, the contact breaks and triggers an alarm signal. The seepage pressure sensor 121 of the sensor module 12 extends into the protective tube to monitor water pressure in real time. The protective tube is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel and has a double-layer filter at the end: an outer stainless steel coarse filter and an inner nylon fine filter to prevent sediment or biological adhesion from clogging the sensor. Displacement sensor 122 is connected to the surface of the hydraulic facility via a rigid connecting rod to detect structural deformation and displacement. Temperature and humidity sensor 123 is installed close to the ventilation holes of the enclosure to monitor environmental parameters. The plug and socket of the waterproof electrical interface 124 feature gold-plated contacts. After the plug is inserted into the socket, it is locked by a snap-fit. An external silicone protective sleeve 1241 covers the entire interface, and the edges of the protective sleeve are sealed using a heat-pressing process. The circuit board of the data acquisition unit 13 is fixed to the internal support of the enclosure. The signal filtering circuit uses surface-mount resistors and capacitors. The analog-to-digital conversion module is connected to the low-power communication module 114 via an SPI interface. The communication module antenna is built into a waterproof antenna cover on the top of the enclosure. The cover is made of ABS plastic and has ventilation holes to balance the internal and external air pressure. The enclosure is suspended and fixed externally by a detachable bracket. The bracket includes a galvanized steel support rod, pre-embedded anchor bolts, and a wall fixing rod. Shock-absorbing rubber pads are installed at the connection between the support rod and the enclosure. The wall fixing rod is anchored to the wall of the hydraulic facility using expansion bolts.
[0042] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this utility model embodiment include at least the following:
[0043] (1) In this utility model, the combination design of a magnetic mounting base and an adjustable angle bracket solves the technical problems of complex installation and poor adaptability of traditional water conservancy monitoring equipment. The magnetic base uses a permanent magnet chassis to achieve rapid adsorption and fixation without damaging the surface of the facility. The adjustable bracket uses a corrugated pipe structure to flexibly adjust the posture of the monitoring terminal to adapt to different terrains and facility curvatures, significantly improving deployment efficiency. At the same time, the dual-link communication module integrates LoRa self-organizing network and cellular network redundant transmission, automatically switching communication links in areas with signal obstruction such as mountainous areas and culverts to ensure real-time and stable data transmission, effectively avoiding the interruption risk of traditional single communication mode and ensuring the reliable operation of the monitoring system around the clock.
[0044] (2) In this utility model, the shortcomings of limited power supply and delayed early warning in existing systems are overcome by using a redundant power supply module and a hardware-level anomaly detection circuit. The redundant power supply module adopts a foldable solar panel and a complementary interface with the mains power. In areas without grid coverage, solar power is used first, and the system automatically switches to mains power in extreme weather conditions. Combined with a mechanical power switch, uninterrupted power supply is ensured. The anomaly triggering circuit has a built-in multi-channel hardware comparator and a physical DIP switch to set thresholds. It directly compares sensor data locally in real time without relying on cloud algorithm processing, which greatly shortens the anomaly response time. Combined with the worm gear drive warning light and directional sound wave transmitter of the audible and visual alarm unit, it realizes rapid location of danger and on-site early warning, which significantly improves the timeliness and reliability of water conservancy facility safety monitoring.
[0045] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
[0046] The following points need to be explained:
[0047] (1) The accompanying drawings of this utility model embodiment only involve the structure involved in this utility model embodiment. Other structures can refer to the general design.
[0048] (2) For clarity, the thickness of layers or regions is enlarged or reduced in the drawings used to describe embodiments of the present invention, i.e., these drawings are not drawn to actual scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "below" another element, the element may be "directly" located "on" or "below" the other element or there may be intermediate elements.
[0049] (3) Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.
[0050] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. The protection scope of this utility model shall be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An Internet of Things-based distributed intelligent safety monitoring system for water conservancy facilities, comprising a monitoring terminal group (11), a sensor module (12), a regional gateway cluster (14), a cloud data platform (15), and an early warning terminal group (16), characterized in that: the monitoring terminal group (11) is composed of a plurality of distributed monitoring units fixed on the surface of water conservancy facilities, each monitoring unit is fixed through a magnetic mounting base (111), the magnetic mounting base (111) comprises a permanent magnet base (1111) and an adjustable angle support (1112), and a tamper-proof trigger switch (1113) is arranged at the end of the support; the sensor module (12) is integrated in the monitoring terminal group (11) and comprises an osmotic pressure sensor (121), a displacement sensor (122), and a temperature and humidity sensor (123), each sensor is connected with a data collector (13) through a waterproof electrical interface (124); the regional gateway cluster (14) is wirelessly connected with the monitoring terminal group (11) through a star-shaped topology and comprises a dual-link communication module (141), a protocol conversion circuit (142), and a redundant power supply module (143), the dual-link communication module (141) is internally provided with a LoRa transceiver (1411) and a 4G / 5G modem (1412), and a mechanical switching switch (1413) is arranged to select a communication link; the cloud data platform (15) receives encrypted data packets transmitted by the regional gateway cluster (14) through a mobile communication network, is internally provided with a data storage unit (151) and an abnormal trigger circuit (152), and the abnormal trigger circuit (152) comprises a multi-channel hardware comparator (1521) and a threshold register (1522); the early warning terminal group (16) comprises an on-site sound and light alarm unit (161) and a remote alarm unit (162), and the on-site sound and light alarm unit (161) is connected with the cloud data platform (15) through a wired interface; wherein the redundant power supply module (143) is integrated with a foldable solar cell panel (1431) and a mains complementary interface (1432), and the threshold register (1522) is provided with a physical dial switch (15221) to set a safety threshold.
2. The Internet of Things-based distributed intelligent safety monitoring system for water conservancy facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: the permanent magnet base (1111) of the magnetic mounting base (111) is covered with an epoxy resin sealing layer (1114), and the adjustable angle support (1112) adopts a stainless steel bellows structure, and a three-axis vibration sensor (1115) is arranged at the end of the support.
3. The Internet of Things-based distributed intelligent safety monitoring system for water conservancy facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mechanical switching switch (1413) of the dual-link communication module (141) is an electromagnetic relay driving structure, and the switching action thereof is controlled by a signal strength detection circuit (1414).
4. The Internet of Things-based distributed intelligent safety monitoring system for water conservancy facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mains complementary interface (1432) of the redundant power supply module (143) is built-in overvoltage protector (14321) and mechanical power switch (14322), the power switch (14322) selects power supply mode automatically through voltage comparison circuit (14323).
5. The water conservancy facility distributed intelligent safety monitoring system based on Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-channel hardware comparator (1521) of the abnormal trigger circuit (152) contains at least three independent operational amplifiers (15211) connected to the data input ports of the osmotic pressure sensor, displacement sensor and temperature and humidity sensor respectively.
6. The water conservancy facility distributed intelligent safety monitoring system based on Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The on-site sound and light alarm unit (161) contains a rotating warning light (1611) and a directional sound wave emitter (1612), and the rotating warning light (1611) realizes 360° periodic scanning through a worm gear transmission mechanism (1613).
7. The water conservancy facility distributed intelligent safety monitoring system based on Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof electrical interface (124) of the sensor module (12) adopts an IP68 level waterproof plug, and the interface is wrapped with a silica gel protective sleeve (1241) outside.
8. The water conservancy facility distributed intelligent safety monitoring system based on Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regional gateway cluster (14) is externally provided with a metal shielding cover (17), the shielding cover is filled with a heat-conducting silica gel layer (171) inside, and an omnidirectional antenna array (172) is fixed to the outer wall of the shielding cover.