Medical imaging equipment based on terahertz

Abstract

The utility model discloses medical imaging equipment based on terahertz, and the imaging equipment comprises a terahertz radiation module which generates broadband high-intensity terahertz waves based on the nonlinear optical effect of a nanometer antenna array, and is used for irradiating a detection body within the range of the terahertz waves; the terahertz wave band composite FSS band-pass filter is arranged between the terahertz radiation module and the detection body and is used for gating terahertz waves; the detection module is used for receiving terahertz waves carrying optical information of a detection body; and the image processing module is electrically connected with the detection module and is used for carrying out digital image processing on the terahertz waves carrying the optical information of the detection body to obtain a terahertz medical image of the detection body. Therefore, three-dimensional real-time non-destructive living medical imaging and objective case detection can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of terahertz technology, and more particularly to a terahertz-based medical imaging device. Background Technology

[0002] Terahertz imaging and spectroscopy research in the medical field has covered multiple aspects, including tissue, cell, and skin imaging, as well as traditional Chinese medicine detection and analysis. Compared with traditional medical methods, terahertz wave technology exhibits significant advantages such as strong broadband spectral analysis capabilities, high resolution, and low energy consumption. In medical diagnosis, terahertz detection holds promise as a supplementary tool to existing imaging and pathology methods for early tumor diagnosis and surgical margin determination; however, its application is currently in its early stages, and research results are limited. Meanwhile, while research on terahertz sources, detection methods, and algorithms is diverse, no clear technological advantage has yet been established. Medical diagnostic applications are mostly based on phenomenological observation, lacking research on pathological mechanisms. Furthermore, due to limitations of broadband terahertz sources, current research focuses primarily on the low-frequency band, while the spectral characteristics of the high-frequency band remain unclear. Therefore, achieving three-dimensional real-time non-invasive in vivo medical imaging and objective case detection remains a challenge. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a terahertz-based medical imaging device, which solves the problem that existing technologies cannot achieve three-dimensional real-time non-invasive in vivo medical imaging and objective case detection.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model embodiment is as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a terahertz-based medical imaging device, comprising: a terahertz radiation module, which generates a wide-band high-intensity terahertz wave based on the nonlinear optical effect of a nano-antenna array, for irradiating a detector within the terahertz wave range; a terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter, disposed between the terahertz radiation module and the detector, for selecting the terahertz wave; a detection module, for receiving the terahertz wave carrying the optical information of the detector; and an image processing module, electrically connected to the detection module, for performing digital image processing on the terahertz wave carrying the optical information of the detector to obtain a terahertz medical image of the detector.

[0006] In some possible implementations, the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter is also used to perform spatial filtering, frequency filtering, high-pass filtering, and Gaussian convolution noise reduction on the terahertz medical image of the detection object to obtain a noise-reduced and enhanced terahertz medical image.

[0007] In some possible implementations, the terahertz radiation device includes: a femtosecond laser, a beam splitter, a time delay system, and a terahertz transmitter with a nanoantenna array; the femtosecond laser generated by the femtosecond laser is split into a probe pulse and a pump pulse by the beam splitter; the pump pulse, after passing through the time delay system, acts on the terahertz transmitter to generate a broadband high-intensity terahertz wave; wherein, the time delay system is used to control the time delay between the pump pulse and the probe pulse; the probe pulse is incident on the detection module to drive the detection module to receive the terahertz wave carrying the optical information of the detector.

[0008] In some possible implementations, a terahertz transmitter with a nanoantenna array includes a quartz substrate and multiple gold nanoantennas arrayed on the quartz substrate.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the center frequency of the bandpass filter is 0.338 THz, and the bandpass filter includes three sub-units; wherein each sub-unit includes a frequency selection surface of a two-dimensional planar structure composed of one or more metallic patterns; the bottom of each frequency selection surface is supported by a dielectric substrate.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the medical imaging device further includes: a first housing and a second housing disposed within the first housing, the second housing having a receiving space that allows the object to be detected to enter; the second housing is made of a material with high transmittance to terahertz waves; a terahertz radiation module, a terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter, and a detection module are disposed between the first housing and the second housing for transmitting radiation to the object being detected within the second housing to obtain a terahertz medical image of the object to be detected.

[0011] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this utility model have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0012] This invention provides a terahertz-based medical imaging device, comprising a terahertz radiation module that generates a wide-band, high-intensity terahertz wave based on the nonlinear optical effect of a nano-antenna array, used to irradiate a detection object within the terahertz wave range; a terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter, positioned between the terahertz radiation module and the detection object, used to select the terahertz wave; a detection module for receiving the terahertz wave carrying the optical information of the detection object; and an image processing module, electrically connected to the detection module, for performing digital image processing on the terahertz wave carrying the optical information of the detection object to obtain a terahertz medical image of the detection object. Thus, by combining a wide-band, high-intensity terahertz radiation source based on a nano-antenna array and nonlinear optical effect with a terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter, three-dimensional real-time non-invasive in vivo medical imaging and objective case detection can be achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a terahertz-based medical imaging device provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2a A schematic diagram of a terahertz transmitter with a nano-antenna array;

[0016] Figure 2b A front view of one element of a nanoantenna;

[0017] Figure 3a This is a front view of a single pole unit of the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram of the three-level subunit structure;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the terahertz-based medical imaging device scanning a sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5a This is a structural model diagram of the casing of a lung cancer early screening device;

[0021] Figure 5b This is a structural model diagram of the image processing module. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] In the relevant descriptions of this embodiment, the terms "including," "containing," and "possessing" are all open terms and are generally understood to include but not be limited to; the term "at least one" is generally understood to mean one or more, where "multiple" refers to two or more; the term "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items, for example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c", which can all mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple; the symbol "A / B" is used to describe the selection relationship of associated objects, generally indicating an "or" relationship.

[0024] In the following description of the embodiments, the terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms "a" and "the" as used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0025] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the following description of the embodiments of this application, the sequence of numbers does not imply the order of execution. Some or all steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Those skilled in the art will understand that the numerical ranges in the embodiments of this application should be understood to specifically disclose each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range. Each smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as any other stated value or intermediate value within a range, is also included within this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0027] Unless otherwise stated, the technical / scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. While this application describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this application. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0028] To illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, specific embodiments are described below.

[0029] Terahertz imaging and spectroscopy have been applied in the medical field, covering multiple aspects such as tissue, cell, and skin imaging, as well as traditional Chinese medicine detection and analysis. Compared with traditional medical methods, terahertz wave technology exhibits significant advantages such as strong broadband spectral analysis capabilities, high resolution, and low energy consumption.

[0030] Terahertz (THz) waves typically refer to electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 10 THz, situated in the transitional region between macroscopic electronics and microscopic photonics. For a long time, research progress in this frequency band was slow, and it was once referred to as the "THz gap," representing the only untapped spectral resource in the electromagnetic spectrum. With vigorous development worldwide, terahertz source and detection technologies have made breakthroughs, and the application research of terahertz technology has rapidly expanded to an increasing number of fields. For example, biomedicine is one of its most important application areas. Terahertz waves are electromagnetic waves with wavelengths of 0.03–3 mm and wavenumbers of 3.33–333 cm, falling between millimeter waves and infrared. Terahertz technology combines the characteristics of both photonics and electronics, encompassing various disciplines such as materials engineering, optics, chemistry, and physics, making it an interdisciplinary field.

[0031] In recent years, with the continuous and in-depth research of terahertz technology by scholars at home and abroad, this technology has been widely used in communications and military fields, and has also achieved considerable results in the medical field. In medical diagnosis, terahertz detection is expected to serve as a supplementary means to existing imaging and pathology, for early tumor diagnosis and surgical margin determination; however, its application is still in its early stages, and research results are limited. Meanwhile, although research on terahertz sources, detection methods, and algorithms is diverse, no clear technological advantage has yet been formed. Medical diagnostic applications are mostly based on phenomenological observation, lacking research on pathological mechanisms. Due to the limitations of broadband terahertz sources, current research is mostly concentrated in the low-frequency band, while the spectral characteristics of the high-frequency band remain unclear. Therefore, achieving three-dimensional real-time non-invasive in vivo medical imaging and objective case detection remains a challenge.

[0032] Based on this, the present invention provides a terahertz-based medical imaging device, which solves the problem that the existing technology cannot achieve three-dimensional real-time non-invasive in vivo medical imaging and objective case detection.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a terahertz-based medical imaging device provided for an embodiment of this utility model is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned terahertz-based medical imaging device may include:

[0034] The terahertz radiation module 11 can generate high-intensity terahertz waves in a wide band through the nonlinear optical effect of its internal nano-antenna array, which can be used to irradiate the detector within the terahertz wave range.

[0035] In some embodiments, high-intensity terahertz waves with a wide wavelength range can be generated through the nonlinear optical effects of a nanoantenna array. The terahertz waves generated by the nanoantenna array possess a wide wavelength range, covering a broad frequency spectrum. This wide wavelength range allows terahertz waves to be used to detect a variety of different types of materials and structures, not just a specific type. Furthermore, the high intensity ensures accuracy and sensitivity, enabling effective detection even of trace amounts of material. Simultaneously, due to the penetrating power of terahertz waves, they can penetrate some materials opaque to visible or infrared light, such as paper, plastics, and certain types of fabrics.

[0036] Understandably, terahertz waves interact with matter to produce specific absorption and scattering modes, which can be used to identify and analyze the composition and structure of matter. Therefore, the aforementioned terahertz radiation module 11 can be used to perform characteristic analysis of the detector within the terahertz wave range. Examples include the identification of chemical components, the detection of biological tissues, and the detection of material defects.

[0037] In some implementations, the terahertz radiation module 11 may include: a femtosecond laser, a beam splitter, a time delay system, and a terahertz transmitter with a nano-antenna array;

[0038] The femtosecond laser generated by the femtosecond laser is divided into a probe pulse and a pump pulse by a beam splitter.

[0039] After passing through a time delay system, the pump pulse acts on the terahertz transmitter to generate a wide-band high-intensity terahertz wave; the time delay system is used to control the time delay between the pump pulse and the probe pulse.

[0040] The detection pulse is incident on the detection module 13 to drive the detection module 13 to receive the terahertz wave carrying the optical information of the detector.

[0041] Among them, the structural design of terahertz transmitters with nano-antenna arrays is key to generating high-intensity terahertz waves over a wide band. Figures 2a to 2b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nano-antenna array in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein, Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of a terahertz transmitter with a nano-antenna array. Figure 2b This is a front view of one element of a nanoantenna. Figure 2a The x, y, and z axes of the terahertz transmitter form a Cartesian coordinate system. See also... Figures 2a to 2b As shown, a terahertz transmitter with a nano-antenna array includes a quartz substrate 21 and multiple gold nano-antennas 22 arrayed on the quartz substrate. Figure 2aIn the figure, lx and ly represent the length and width of the gold nanoantenna 22, respectively, and Px and Py represent the length and width of the quartz substrate 21, respectively.

[0042] It should be noted that the quartz substrate 21 in the terahertz radiation module 11 not only supports the nanoantenna array but also maintains the overall structural stability and durability. Quartz, as an excellent insulating material, possesses high thermal stability, high mechanical strength, and good chemical stability, making it highly suitable as the quartz substrate 21 for the terahertz radiation module 11. The nanoantenna is the core component of the terahertz radiation module, used to convert light energy into terahertz wave energy. Gold nanoantennas have attracted widespread attention due to their excellent electrical conductivity and stability. Gold's chemical stability and resistance to oxidation or corrosion ensure the long-term reliability of the antenna. Furthermore, gold nanoantennas also possess excellent optical performance, effectively converting light energy into terahertz waves.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, quartz is used as the substrate and gold is used as the material for the nano-antenna array. The excellent properties of the quartz substrate enable the module to operate in harsh environments such as high temperature and high humidity, thus broadening its application range. Secondly, the high conductivity and stability of the gold nano-antenna ensure the module's high efficiency and reliability, enabling it to maintain stable terahertz wave output over a long period of time.

[0044] For example, the relative permittivity of the quartz substrate 21 is 7.2. Both the optical coordinate system and the geometric coordinate system in this embodiment of the invention can be used as follows: Figure 2a The Cartesian coordinate system shown is used, where the nanoantenna is along the x-direction, the substrate thickness is 200 nm, the length and width of the gold nanoantenna 22 are lx = 480 nm and ly = 70 nm respectively, and the thickness is 20 nm; the period of the array in the x and y directions is P. x =500nm and P y =340nm.

[0045] In some embodiments, the generation efficiency and intensity of terahertz waves can be improved by optimizing the shape, size, and arrangement of the gold nanoantennas 22 in the terahertz transmitter. For example, nanoimprint lithography or electron beam etching can be used to precisely fabricate the nanoantenna array to achieve higher nonlinear optical effects.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, the terahertz radiation module 11 with a nano-antenna array is designed based on the plasma resonance response characteristics of the nano-antenna array. Due to the designability and ease of integration of nano-antenna arrays, they show broad application prospects in the field of integrated terahertz source devices. This characteristic allows nano-antenna arrays to easily adapt to various miniaturized and integrated application requirements.

[0047] In some embodiments, precise control over the generation and transmission characteristics of terahertz waves can be achieved by precisely adjusting the shape, size, arrangement, and materials used of the nanoantennas. Furthermore, the ease of integration of nanoantenna arrays allows them to be easily embedded into various electronic devices and systems. By combining them with micro / nano fabrication techniques and circuit integration technologies, nanoantenna arrays can be seamlessly integrated with other functional modules to construct powerful and compact integrated terahertz source devices.

[0048] The terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter 12 is placed between the terahertz radiation module and the detector to select terahertz waves.

[0049] Among them, the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter 12 is based on the special design of the frequency selective surface, which can achieve efficient wave passage within a specific terahertz frequency range while suppressing the transmission of other frequency components.

[0050] In some embodiments, the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter 12 is composed of periodic metallic patterns or structures precisely designed to produce the desired frequency response. When terahertz waves irradiate the bandpass filter, its unique electromagnetic properties enable it to achieve high transmittance within a specific frequency range, while exhibiting high reflection or absorption characteristics in other frequency ranges. Placing this bandpass filter between the terahertz radiation module 11 and the detector ensures that only terahertz waves within a specific frequency range reach the detector, thereby improving detection accuracy and sensitivity. Simultaneously, the bandpass filter effectively suppresses the influence of environmental noise and other interference signals, improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the entire system.

[0051] In some embodiments, the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter 12 has a center frequency of 0.338 THz and may be composed of three pole units. Each pole unit includes a frequency selective surface of a two-dimensional planar structure composed of one or more metallic patterns; the bottom of each frequency selective surface is supported by a dielectric substrate.

[0052] For example, Figures 3a to 3b This is a schematic diagram of the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter 12 implemented in this utility model. Figure 3a This is a front view of a single pole unit of the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter 12 in this embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3b This is a structural diagram of a three-level subunit. See also... Figures 3a to 3b As shown, each pole unit includes a frequency selection surface 31, which is disposed on the dielectric substrate 32. The center of each frequency selection surface 31 has the same pattern. Figures 3a to 3bThe triangular shape shown can also be any other shape.

[0053] In this embodiment of the invention, the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter 12 optimizes filter performance through the interaction and coupling between different layers. This design enables the bandpass filter to achieve high transmittance and low loss over a wider frequency range, while maintaining good stability and reliability.

[0054] In some embodiments, cascading three layers of the FSS structure can achieve broadband filtering. To ensure impedance matching between layers, the interlayer spacing λ0 / 4 can be set to 221.89 μm according to transmission line theory. Simultaneously, to ensure consistent reflection coefficients, the geometric parameters of each FSS layer can be kept uniform.

[0055] Detection module 13 is used to receive terahertz waves carrying optical information of the detector;

[0056] In some embodiments, the design and performance of the detection module 13 directly affect the overall system's ability and accuracy in acquiring information about the detected object. The detection module 13 can possess high sensitivity and high resolution to ensure accurate capture of weak signals and detailed information in the terahertz waves. It can contain a series of sophisticated optical elements and electronic devices for focusing, filtering, and amplifying the received terahertz wave signals. After receiving the terahertz waves carrying the optical information of the detected object, the detection module 13 converts these signals into electrical signals for subsequent data processing and analysis. This conversion process needs to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the signals to maximize the reproduction of the optical characteristics of the detected object.

[0057] In some embodiments, the detection module 13 may also have intelligent functions such as automatic calibration, noise suppression, and signal enhancement to improve the stability and reliability of the system. These functions enable the detection module to operate under complex environmental conditions and effectively cope with various interference factors.

[0058] In terahertz waves carrying the optical information of the detector, the optical information refers to the detector's response characteristics in the terahertz band. These characteristics can be detected by terahertz waves and converted into analyzable data. For example, the optical information of the detector may include optical properties such as absorption characteristics, transmission characteristics, reflection characteristics, and scattering characteristics.

[0059] Specifically, the degree to which a detector absorbs terahertz waves of a specific frequency can reflect its internal material composition and structural characteristics. Different substances have different absorption spectra in the terahertz band, so the type and concentration of substances can be identified by analyzing absorption characteristics. The transmission intensity of terahertz waves after passing through the detector can also provide information about the detector's internal structure and composition. Transmission characteristics are affected by factors such as scattering, absorption, and refraction within the detector; therefore, the optical properties and geometric structure of the detector can be inferred by analyzing the transmission signal. The intensity, phase, and polarization state of terahertz waves reflected from the detector's surface can also reflect the detector's surface properties and internal structure. By analyzing the reflection signal, information about parameters such as the detector's surface roughness, coating thickness, and material refractive index can be obtained. When terahertz waves are scattered inside or on the surface of the detector, the intensity and direction distribution of the scattered signal can also provide information about the detector's internal microstructure. By analyzing the scattered signal, information about the particle distribution, defects, and interfaces inside the detector can be obtained.

[0060] In the aforementioned detection module 13, the acquired optical information of the object being detected can be converted into electrical signals and extracted using signal processing and analysis techniques. These analyses can include spectral analysis, time-domain analysis, polarization analysis, etc., to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the properties and state of the object being detected.

[0061] The image processing module 14 is electrically connected to the detection module 13 and is used to perform digital image processing on the terahertz wave carrying the optical information of the detector to obtain a terahertz medical image of the detector.

[0062] Specifically, the image processing module 14 receives electrical signals from the detection module 13. These electrical signals carry the optical information of the detected object in the terahertz band. Through digital image processing technology, the image processing module 14 can convert these signals into visualized terahertz medical images, directly displaying the medical imaging information of the whole or part of the internal tissue of the detected object in a visual manner for doctors to perform diagnostic analysis.

[0063] In some embodiments, the image processing module 14 can be a high-performance computer device or a dedicated image processor. It possesses powerful computing capabilities and specialized image processing algorithms, enabling it to process and analyze input electrical signals quickly and accurately. By employing advanced image processing algorithms and distance measurement methods, the image processing module 14 can extract key features of the detected object in the terahertz image, such as shape, size, and position, thereby generating high-quality terahertz medical images.

[0064] It should be noted that in the terahertz medical imaging system, the image processing module 14 converts the terahertz wave signal carrying the optical information of the object captured by the detection module 13 into medical images with practical diagnostic significance. These images can show the overall structure of the object or focus on specific tissue areas, providing doctors with rich diagnostic information.

[0065] For example, taking the human body as the detection subject, the system can capture optical information of the internal tissues of the human body by emitting terahertz waves and receiving the reflected or transmitted signals after they pass through the body. Subsequently, this information is preliminarily processed by the detection module 13, converted into electrical signals, and then transmitted to the image processing module 14. Upon receiving these electrical signals, the image processing module 14 uses advanced digital image processing technology to perform refined analysis and processing of the signals. This process may include signal amplification, filtering, enhancement, and three-dimensional reconstruction, aiming to extract key information related to the internal structure of the human body and remove noise and interference. After processing, the image processing module 14 can generate terahertz medical images of the human body. These images can be holistic, showing the overall appearance and internal structure of the human body; or they can be localized, focusing on a specific tissue area, such as the lungs, abdomen, or legs. Through careful observation and analysis of these images, doctors can understand the internal structure, tissue distribution, and possible lesions of the detection subject, thus providing a strong basis for disease diagnosis.

[0066] Furthermore, due to their strong penetrating power and sensitivity to moisture, terahertz waves have lower photon energy compared to traditional X-rays, avoiding the side effects associated with X-ray medical imaging. Moreover, because water molecules strongly absorb terahertz waves, terahertz spectroscopy can be used in medicine to observe the difference in water content between tumor tissue and normal cells, thereby assessing tumor development. Additionally, water content can be used to differentiate between normal tissue and inflamed skin tissue.

[0067] In some embodiments, after obtaining the terahertz medical image of the detection subject through the image processing module 14, the terahertz medical image of the detection subject can also be subjected to spatial filtering, frequency filtering, high-pass filtering and Gaussian convolution noise reduction through the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter 12 to obtain a noise-reduced and enhanced terahertz medical image.

[0068] Understandably, in terahertz medical imaging equipment, after the image processing module 14 successfully converts and presents the terahertz medical image of the object being detected, although it provides rich diagnostic information, it often still contains some noise and interference components. This noise may originate from environmental interference during the detection process, equipment errors, or the non-uniformity of the object itself. In order to further improve the image quality and clarity so that doctors can more accurately identify and analyze the internal structure of the object being detected, further noise reduction and enhancement processing of the original image is required.

[0069] In this embodiment of the present invention, the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter 12, in addition to the previously mentioned function of selecting terahertz waves of a specific frequency, can also be used in image processing to perform spatial filtering, frequency filtering, high-pass filtering, and Gaussian convolution noise reduction on terahertz medical images.

[0070] Spatial domain filtering performs filtering operations directly in the pixel space of the image, removing noise and details through convolution operations. Frequency domain filtering transforms the image from the spatial domain to the frequency domain, reducing noise or enhancing specific structures by modifying frequency components. High-pass filtering focuses primarily on high-frequency components in the image, namely edges and details, helping to highlight structural information. Gaussian convolution denoising is a commonly used smoothing filtering method that uses a Gaussian function to convolve the image, reducing noise while preserving the main features. After these filtering processes, noise and interference components in terahertz medical images are effectively removed while retaining the main features and structural information. This allows doctors to observe the internal structure of the object being examined more clearly, more accurately identify lesions and abnormal tissues, and provide a more reliable basis for disease diagnosis and treatment.

[0071] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the terahertz-based medical imaging device scanning a sample according to an embodiment of this utility model. See also... Figure 4 As shown, the sample is placed in the imaging system. The femtosecond laser 1 emits a femtosecond laser 2, which is split into a pump pulse 4 and a probe pulse 5 by the beam splitter 3. After passing through the time delay system 6, the pump pulse acts on the terahertz transmitter with the nano-antenna array to emit a terahertz wave 7. After the probe pulse 5 and the terahertz wave 7 pass through the corresponding reflector 8 and parabolic mirror 9, the entire sample can be scanned.

[0072] This invention provides a terahertz-based medical imaging device, comprising a terahertz radiation module that generates a wide-band, high-intensity terahertz wave based on the nonlinear optical effect of a nano-antenna array, used to irradiate a detection object within the terahertz wave range; a terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter, positioned between the terahertz radiation module and the detection object, used to select the terahertz wave; a detection module for receiving the terahertz wave carrying the optical information of the detection object; and an image processing module, electrically connected to the detection module, for performing digital image processing on the terahertz wave carrying the optical information of the detection object to obtain a terahertz medical image of the detection object. Thus, by combining a wide-band, high-intensity terahertz radiation source based on a nano-antenna array and nonlinear optical effect with a terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter, three-dimensional real-time non-invasive in vivo medical imaging and objective case detection can be achieved.

[0073] In some embodiments, the medical imaging device further includes a housing; the housing includes a first housing and a second housing disposed within the first housing; the second housing has a receiving space that allows the detector to enter; and the second housing is made of a material with high transmittance to terahertz waves.

[0074] The terahertz radiation module, the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter, and the detection module are disposed in the space between the first housing and the second housing, and are used to perform transmission radiation on the detection object located in the second housing to obtain the terahertz medical image of the detection object.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first housing can serve as the outer casing for the terahertz radiation module, the terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter, and the detection module, protecting and supporting the entire device. The first housing is made of materials with good structural strength and durability, and must also provide effective electromagnetic shielding for the internal precision imaging modules to ensure that the transmission of terahertz waves is not interfered with by the external environment. Therefore, the first housing can be made of metal, alloy, or other materials with excellent electromagnetic properties, possessing robust and durable characteristics, and effectively isolating external electromagnetic noise to ensure stable operation of the imaging device. The second housing can be designed with a dedicated receiving space to accommodate the detection object, allowing the terahertz waves to pass directly through the second housing for scanning the detection object.

[0076] Specifically, the second housing can be as described above. Figure 4The reflector and parabolic mirror structure shown in the diagram are used by the terahertz radiation module to emit terahertz waves of a specific frequency when the aforementioned terahertz-based medical imaging device is operational. These terahertz waves, after being selected by a terahertz-band composite FSS bandpass filter, penetrate the second housing and enter the containment space to perform a 360-degree scan of the object being examined. Because terahertz waves have a certain penetrating power into biological tissues, they can effectively capture the internal structural information and optical properties of the object. After processing and analysis by the imaging system, this information is ultimately converted into visualized terahertz medical images, providing doctors with intuitive diagnostic information. For example, the aforementioned terahertz-based medical imaging device can be used for early disease screening, allowing individuals to directly enter the containment space of the second housing for 360-degree three-dimensional visualization of the human body.

[0077] For example, taking the aforementioned terahertz-based medical imaging device as an early lung cancer screening device, Figures 5a to 5b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lung cancer early screening device according to an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 5a This is a structural model diagram of the casing of a lung cancer early screening device; see [link / reference]. Figure 5a As shown, the housing includes a first housing 51 and a second housing 52 fitted inside the first housing 51. Figure 5b This is a structural model diagram of the image processing module 14 in a terahertz-based medical imaging device. The aforementioned terahertz radiation module 11, terahertz band composite FSS bandpass filter 12, and detection module 13 can be integrated between the first housing 51 and the second housing 52 of the lung cancer early screening device for scanning the detection object located in the containment space of the second housing 52. The image processing module 14 performs digital image processing on the terahertz wave carrying the optical information of the detection object to obtain a terahertz medical image of the detection object, and further automatically performs early lung cancer screening based on the obtained terahertz medical image.

[0078] In some embodiments, the image processing module 14 described above can also be used to compare and distinguish the terahertz medical image data of the detected body with the terahertz medical image data of a preset normal tissue to obtain early lung cancer screening results.

[0079] Specifically, after receiving the terahertz medical images of the target organism, the image processing module 14 first performs necessary preprocessing on these images, including noise reduction, enhancement, and segmentation, to more accurately extract key information from the images. Next, it can access preset terahertz medical image data of normal tissue stored in its built-in database or external storage. This data is typically obtained through medical imaging experiments on a large number of normal individuals, representing the typical terahertz response characteristics of tissues in a healthy state. Subsequently, the image processing module 14 uses a preset image comparison algorithm to compare and analyze the medical images of the target organism with preset normal tissue images. This process typically involves multiple steps such as feature extraction, matching degree calculation, and difference detection. The module focuses on features such as morphology, texture, and intensity in the images, searching for similarities or differences with normal tissue images.

[0080] Through comparative analysis, the image processing module 14 can identify possible abnormal regions or lesion signs in the detected body image. These abnormalities may manifest as irregular shapes, abnormal textures, intensity variations, and other characteristics. When the module detects these abnormalities, it further analyzes their nature and extent, and, in conjunction with medical knowledge and experience, assesses the likelihood of lung cancer.

[0081] In some embodiments, the image processing module 14 can also generate a lung cancer early screening result report. This report may include a detailed description of the detected image, the location and description of abnormal areas, and an assessment of lung cancer risk. Doctors can use this report, in conjunction with other clinical information, to conduct further diagnosis and treatment of the detected individual.

[0082] In this embodiment of the invention, by using a comparison and differentiation method, the image processing module 14 can effectively utilize terahertz medical image data to assist doctors in the early screening and diagnosis of lung cancer. This not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis but also provides strong technical support for the early detection and treatment of lung cancer.

[0083] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0084] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A terahertz-based medical imaging apparatus, characterized by, The medical imaging device comprises: a terahertz radiation module for generating high-intensity terahertz waves in a wide wave band based on nonlinear optical effects of a nanoantenna array, and for irradiating a detection object in the terahertz wave range; a terahertz wave band composite FSS band-pass filter arranged between the terahertz radiation module and the detection object, and used for gating the terahertz waves; a detection module for receiving the terahertz waves carrying optical information of the detection object; an image processing module electrically connected to the detection module, and used for performing digital image processing on the terahertz waves carrying the optical information of the detection object, to obtain a terahertz medical image of the detection object.

2. The medical imaging device of claim 1, wherein, The terahertz wave band composite FSS band-pass filter is further used for spatial domain filtering, frequency domain filtering, high-pass filtering, and Gaussian convolution noise reduction on the terahertz medical image of the detection object, to obtain a noise-reduced enhanced terahertz medical image.

3. The medical imaging device of claim 2, wherein, The terahertz radiation module comprises: a femtosecond laser, a beam splitter, a time delay system, and a terahertz emitter with a nanoantenna array; the femtosecond laser generates femtosecond laser light, which is split into a probe pulse and a pump pulse under the action of the beam splitter; the pump pulse, after passing through the time delay system, acts on the terahertz emitter to generate high-intensity terahertz waves in a wide wave band; the time delay system is used for controlling the time delay between the pump pulse and the probe pulse; the probe pulse is incident on the detection module, and is used for driving the detection module to receive the terahertz waves carrying the optical information of the detection object.

4. The medical imaging device of claim 3, wherein, The terahertz emitter with the nanoantenna array comprises a quartz substrate and a plurality of gold nanoantennas arranged in an array on the quartz substrate.

5. The medical imaging device of claim 4, wherein, The center frequency of the band-pass filter is 0.338 THz, and the band-pass filter comprises three-pole units; each pole unit comprises a two-dimensional planar structure frequency selective surface composed of one or more metal patterns; and each frequency selective surface is supported at the bottom by a dielectric substrate.

6. The medical imaging device of claim 5, wherein, The medical imaging device further comprises a housing; the housing comprises a first housing and a second housing sleeved in the first housing, the second housing has a containing space capable of allowing the detection object to enter; the second housing is made of a material having high transmittance to terahertz waves; the terahertz radiation module, the terahertz wave band composite FSS band-pass filter, and the detection module are arranged between the first housing and the second housing, and are used for performing transmission radiation on the detection object in the second housing, to obtain a terahertz medical image of the detection object.

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