Artificial wetland suitable for tail water treatment of sewage treatment plant in high saline-alkali area

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of constructed wetlands, and discloses a constructed wetland suitable for tail water treatment of a sewage treatment plant in a high saline-alkali area, which comprises a wetland foundation, a crossed water path is arranged in the wetland foundation, a plurality of plant layers are fixedly connected to the top of the wetland foundation, a substrate layer is arranged in the wetland foundation, and the substrate layer is fixedly connected to the top of the wetland foundation. A microbial community is arranged at the bottom of the substrate layer, a water quality layer is arranged at the bottom of the microbial community, a waterway tail bin is fixedly connected to the bottom of the crossed waterway, and a flow dividing assembly is arranged in the waterway tail bin. According to the utility model, water flow enters the lower bent water pipe and pushes the lifting plate through the internal pipeline, so that water flow division is realized, a uniform water flow distribution network is formed, tail water can be uniformly distributed to each area of the wetland, and each part of the wetland can stably play a purification function; therefore, the overall purification capacity of the constructed wetland on the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the high-saline-alkali area is improved, and the tail water is stably discharged up to the standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of constructed wetland technology, and in particular to an constructed wetland suitable for treating effluent from wastewater treatment plants in high-salinity and alkaline areas. Background Technology

[0002] Wastewater treatment plant effluent in high-salinity and alkaline areas is highly saline and complex in composition, and direct discharge would severely damage the ecological environment. Constructed wetland treatment technology has emerged to address this issue. It utilizes the principles of natural ecosystems, leveraging the synergistic effects of plants, microorganisms, and substrates within the wetland to purify the effluent. Plants absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the effluent through their roots, while microorganisms decompose organic matter and transform pollutants such as nitrogen under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The substrate acts as an adsorbent and filter. This treatment method is not only low-cost and energy-efficient, but it also improves the regional ecological environment, increases the recycling rate of water resources, and ensures the ecological balance and sustainable development of high-salinity and alkaline areas.

[0003] This constructed wetland boasts a rich and scientifically designed structure. The substrate layer, serving as the foundation, is composed of volcanic rock that has undergone high-temperature calcination and special chemical treatment, along with lightweight, high-strength expanded clay aggregates arranged in a specific particle size distribution. This substrate adsorbs heavy metals and suspended particles, providing a space for microorganisms to attach. Salt-tolerant plants such as reeds, Suaeda salsa, calamus, and water lilies are planted in designated areas. Their extensive root systems stabilize the wetland, purify the water, and absorb nutrients. The pretreatment unit includes a regulating tank and a neutralization tank. The regulating tank balances water quality and quantity, while the neutralization tank adjusts pH and salinity. A monitoring system is installed at the inlet, within the wetland, and at the outlet to monitor key water quality parameters in real time and provide feedback for adjustments. A T-shaped waterway runs along the longitudinal axis of the wetland, with branches extending to both sides. Flow control valves and aeration devices are installed to regulate water flow, increase oxygenation, and enhance purification efficiency.

[0004] Traditional constructed wetland waterways often employ simple direct-discharge or single-loop layouts. Direct-discharge layouts result in short and uneven water retention times within the wetland. In some areas, the water flow is too rapid, and pollutants are discharged before they have sufficient time to react with plants, microorganisms, and the substrate. In other areas, dead zones easily form, leading to low treatment efficiency. While single-loop layouts can extend the retention time to some extent, they cannot be tailored to different pollutant concentrations in different areas. This not only reduces the ability to remove pollutants but also leads to localized pollution accumulation in the wetland, affecting the living environment of plants and microorganisms, causing an imbalance in the wetland ecosystem, and ultimately reducing the overall purification function of the wetland. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides an artificial wetland suitable for the treatment of effluent from wastewater treatment plants in high-salinity and alkaline areas. It aims to improve the problem that traditional artificial wetland waterways reduce the ability to remove pollutants and also lead to the accumulation of local pollution in the wetland, affecting the living environment of plants and microorganisms.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an artificial wetland suitable for treating effluent from wastewater treatment plants in high salinity and alkalinity areas, comprising a wetland foundation, wherein intersecting waterways are provided inside the wetland foundation, multiple plant layers are fixedly connected to the top of the wetland foundation, a matrix layer is provided inside the wetland foundation, a microbial community is provided at the bottom of the matrix layer, a water quality layer is provided at the bottom of the microbial community, a waterway tail chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom of the intersecting waterways, and a diversion component is provided inside the waterway tail chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the diversion assembly includes a connecting shaft, which is fixedly connected inside the waterway tail section.

[0008] Furthermore, a triangular inclined plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple downward-curved water pipes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the waterway tail section, and each downward-curved water pipe has an internal pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the lower bends in the water pipe is rotatably connected to a lifting plate on its sidewall.

[0011] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. In this utility model, water first enters the downward-curved water pipes on the left, right, or right side, and pushes the lifting plate through the internal pipes, causing the lifting plate to rotate and change its tilt angle, thereby achieving water diversion. The branch waterways extend vertically to both sides of the wetland, forming a uniform water distribution network. This can evenly distribute the effluent to various areas of the wetland, ensuring that each part of the wetland can stably perform its purification function, maintain the stability of the microbial community, and ensure the normal growth of plants. This enhances the overall purification capacity of the artificial wetland for the effluent from wastewater treatment plants in high-salinity and alkaline areas, enabling it to stably meet discharge standards. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 A perspective view of an artificial wetland suitable for treating effluent from wastewater treatment plants in high-salinity and alkaline areas, as proposed in this utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 This invention presents a structural schematic diagram of an artificial wetland with a waterway tail section suitable for treating effluent from wastewater treatment plants in high-salinity and alkaline areas.

[0015] Legend:

[0016] 1. Wetland foundation; 2. Vegetation layer; 3. Cross-flow waterways; 4. Matrix layer; 5. Microbial community; 6. Water quality layer; 7. Waterway tail section; 8. Connecting shaft; 9. Triangular inclined plate; 10. Downward bend water pipe; 11. Internal piping; 12. Lifting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Reference Figures 1-2 An embodiment of this utility model provides an artificial wetland suitable for treating effluent from wastewater treatment plants in high-salinity and alkaline areas. The wetland includes a wetland foundation 1, with intersecting waterways 3 inside the foundation 1. Multiple plant layers 2 are fixedly connected to the top of the foundation 1. A matrix layer 4 is provided inside the foundation 1, with a microbial community 5 at the bottom of the matrix layer 4 and a water quality layer 6 at the bottom of the microbial community 5. A waterway tail chamber 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the intersecting waterways 3. A diversion component is provided inside the waterway tail chamber 7, including a connecting shaft 8 fixedly connected to the inside of the waterway tail chamber 7. A triangular inclined plate 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting shaft 8. Multiple downward-bending water pipes 10 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the waterway tail chamber 7. Each downward-bending water pipe 10 has an internal pipe 11, and a lifting plate 12 is rotatably connected to the side wall of each downward-bending water pipe 10.

[0019] Specifically,

[0020] Working Principle: In high-salinity wastewater treatment plants, effluent first flows into the intersecting waterway 3 within the wetland foundation 1. Intersecting waterway 3 guides the flow of the effluent, while the bottom waterway's tail chamber 7 acts as a buffer. After passing through intersecting waterway 3, the effluent enters the matrix layer 4. The volcanic rock and ceramsite in matrix layer 4 adsorb heavy metal ions and suspended particles in the effluent, reducing turbidity and providing attachment space for the microbial community 5. In the microbial community 5, aerobic microorganisms decompose organic matter into carbon dioxide and water under aerobic conditions, while anaerobic microorganisms convert nitrate and nitrite nitrogen into nitrogen gas and release it under anaerobic conditions, achieving denitrification. The water purified by microorganisms then enters the water quality layer 6 for further sedimentation and stabilization. At this point, the plant layer 2, located at the top of the wetland foundation 1, penetrates deep into the matrix layer 4 through its roots, absorbing nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the water layer 6 and the matrix layer 4. This reduces the nutrient content of the wastewater, prevents eutrophication, and the roots also release oxygen, improving the living environment for microorganisms. Ultimately, this achieves the purification of wastewater effluent from wastewater treatment plants in high-salinity and alkaline areas. When the water flows out through the tail chamber 7, the water flow pushes the triangular inclined plate 9, causing it to rotate on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 8 and change its tilt angle. At this time, the water flows into the left or right lower bend water pipe 10, which pushes the lifting plate 12 through the internal pipe 11, causing the lifting plate 12 to rotate and change its tilt angle, thus achieving water diversion. The branch waterways extend vertically to both sides of the wetland, forming a uniform water flow distribution network. This network can evenly distribute the effluent to various areas of the wetland, ensuring that each part of the wetland can stably perform its purification function, maintain the stability of the microbial community, and guarantee the normal growth of plants. This enhances the overall purification capacity of the artificial wetland for wastewater effluent from wastewater treatment plants in high-salinity and alkaline areas, ensuring that it can stably meet discharge standards.

[0021] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A constructed wetland suitable for tail water treatment of sewage treatment plant in high saline and alkaline area, comprising a wetland foundation (1), characterized in that: The wetland foundation (1) is internally provided with a cross waterway (3), a plurality of plant layers (2) are fixedly connected to the top of the wetland foundation (1), a substrate layer (4) is arranged in the wetland foundation (1), a microbial community (5) is arranged at the bottom of the substrate layer (4), a water quality layer (6) is arranged at the bottom of the microbial community (5), a waterway tail warehouse (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cross waterway (3), and a shunt assembly is arranged in the waterway tail warehouse (7).

2. The constructed wetland according to claim 1, which is suitable for treating tail water of a sewage treatment plant in a high-saline and alkaline area, characterized in that: The shunt assembly comprises a connecting shaft (8) fixedly connected in the waterway tail warehouse (7).

3. The constructed wetland according to claim 2, which is suitable for treating tail water of sewage treatment plant in high-saline and alkaline area, characterized in that: The connecting shaft (8) is fixedly connected with a triangular inclined plate (9) on the outer wall.

4. The constructed wetland according to claim 3, which is suitable for treating tail water of sewage treatment plant in high-saline and alkaline area, characterized in that: A plurality of downward-bent water pipes (10) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the waterway tail warehouse (7), and an internal pipeline (11) is formed in each downward-bent water pipe (10).

5. The constructed wetland according to claim 4, which is suitable for treating tail water of sewage treatment plant in high-saline and alkaline area, characterized in that: Each downward-bent water pipe (10) is rotatably connected with a lifting plate (12) on the side wall.

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