Exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants

Abstract

The utility model discloses an exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants. The exhaust system comprises a plurality of sensors, a plurality of air ports, a fan and a fan controller, the plurality of sensors are arranged around a pollution source at intervals, the plurality of sensors are connected with a fan controller, the plurality of air ports are symmetrically formed in the two sides of a wall, the air ports are formed in the positions close to the ground, fans are arranged in the plurality of air ports, and the fans are connected with the fan controller. The jet flow direction and strength are accurately controlled, a certain airflow barrier can be formed around a pollution source, indoor space can be covered more effectively, pollutants are prevented from diffusing to other areas, high-efficiency isolation and discharge of heavy-density pollutants are achieved, the environment quality of other indoor areas is protected, and the indoor environment is protected. And a safer and healthier indoor environment is provided for personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of indoor air purification technology, and in particular, it is an exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, various chemicals are used indoors for production and daily life, including some heavy-density pollutants (such as heavy metal particles, chemical insulating gases, refrigerant vapors, etc.). Generally speaking, heavy-density pollutant gases refer to gases with a relative density greater than that of air, which are particularly harmful to human health and the environment.

[0003] Airflow organization in air conditioning systems aims to minimize turbulence within a controlled area, ideally ensuring the airflow follows the pre-designed flow pattern. Heavy pollutants, due to their larger mass, tend to deposit on floors or equipment surfaces, making them difficult for traditional air purification systems to effectively capture and remove. Common air delivery methods include traditional mixing flow based on dilution and mixing principles, displacement air delivery driven by buoyancy, and methods that create a piston flow, where the airflow has uniform velocity and concentration in the vertical direction, similar to the upward flow after displacement air delivery forms an air lake.

[0004] Traditional mixed-flow air supply is widely used in non-cleanroom air conditioning systems. It is technologically mature and relatively inexpensive, achieving a relatively uniform air distribution. However, it lacks targeted control of pollutants, which easily diffuse indoors and are difficult to remove quickly. Displacement air supply, by introducing fresh air from the lower part of the room and utilizing thermal buoyancy to allow it to rise naturally, can achieve stratified air supply to some extent, reducing the mixing of fresh air and pollutants. However, because the fresh air is introduced from the lower part, denser pollutants that were originally concentrated in the lower space may be carried and diffused to other areas of the room, exacerbating the spread of pollutants. It also has high requirements for room height and heat source distribution, limiting its applicability. Piston flow (unidirectional flow) air supply, by supplying air laterally from one wall, creates a unidirectional airflow that can quickly push pollutants towards the exhaust vent. It is highly effective in empty rooms. However, in practical applications, when there is machinery or people in the room, obstacles can interfere with the airflow, causing the unidirectional flow to become turbulent and forming air clusters around the obstacles, reducing pollutant removal efficiency. Furthermore, when dealing with leaks of high-density pollutants, piston flow requires maintaining high-speed airflow over a large area, resulting in high energy consumption and poor economic efficiency, especially limiting its applicability in large spaces or rooms with complex layouts. Therefore, while traditional mixed flow, displacement air supply, and piston flow air supply methods each have their advantages, they all have significant shortcomings in terms of pollutant control efficiency, adaptability to complex environments, and economic efficiency, necessitating a new air supply method that can meet these requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants, thereby solving the problems of low pollutant control efficiency and low adaptability to complex environments in existing technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants includes several sensors, several air outlets, a fan, and a fan controller;

[0008] Several sensors are spaced apart around the pollution source. Each of the sensors is connected to a fan controller. Several air vents are symmetrically opened on both sides of the wall. The air vents are located near the ground. Each of the air vents contains a fan, and the fan is connected to the fan controller.

[0009] Furthermore, the sensor includes a gas sensor and a concentration sensor, wherein the gas sensor includes a sulfur hexafluoride sensor and a Freon sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, the sensor is installed on the ground, and there is a certain distance between the sensor and the surface of the pollution source.

[0011] Furthermore, the air outlet includes an air supply outlet and an air exhaust outlet, and the angle of the air supply outlet is set according to the shape of the pollution source.

[0012] Furthermore, the air supply outlet is equipped with an air supply fan, and the air exhaust outlet is equipped with an air supply fan and an exhaust fan.

[0013] Furthermore, the jet direction vector of the air supply fan points towards the exhaust port.

[0014] Furthermore, the jet from the air supply fan lands on the surface of the pollution source.

[0015] Furthermore, the jet intensity of the fan is sufficient to maintain the indoor concentration below occupational health standards or the explosive limit.

[0016] Furthermore, the fan is equipped with a guide vane with an adjustable angle.

[0017] Furthermore, the fan is a reversible axial flow fan.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention provides an exhaust system for removing heavy, fixed-source pollutants from indoor environments. Sensors are installed around the pollution source to monitor pollutant concentration in real time, facilitating rapid location of leaks. Air vents are positioned at the corners of each wall and equipped with fans, providing both supply and exhaust capabilities. The intensity and direction of supply and exhaust can be flexibly adjusted according to the distribution and concentration of indoor pollutants, better meeting air purification needs in different scenarios. The fan controller directs the jet stream towards the surface of the pollution source and provides an appropriate jet intensity to isolate and remove pollutants. This invention precisely controls the jet direction and intensity, utilizing jet technology to generate directional flow through high-speed airflow. The jet's induction and air isolation effect confines pollutants to a specific area. By coordinating airflow at the exhaust and supply vents, it more effectively removes pollutants from the source and discharges them outdoors, improving the removal efficiency of heavy-density pollutants and reducing pollutant residues indoors. By rationally organizing airflow, a certain airflow barrier is formed around the pollution source, enhancing airflow and helping to more effectively cover the indoor space, preventing pollutants from spreading to other areas. This achieves efficient isolation and removal of heavy-density pollutants. This directional flow and area control capability can prevent pollutants from spreading to other areas, protecting the environmental quality of other indoor areas and providing a safer and healthier indoor environment for people. This invention has a small air supply area, making it suitable for the rapid removal of locally concentrated heavy-density pollutants. It can be used in industrial plants, laboratories, hospitals, and other places with high air quality requirements, and is especially suitable for treating dense particulate matter or gaseous pollutants, demonstrating broad applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust system structure for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a vector diagram of the air supply system for excluding indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a velocity field distribution diagram of the exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0024] Wherein: 1-First sensor, 2-Second sensor, 3-Third sensor, 4-Fourth sensor, 5-First air outlet, 6-Second air outlet, 7-Third air outlet, 8-Fourth air outlet, 9-Fifth air outlet, 10-Sixth air outlet, 11-Seventh air outlet, 12-Eighth air outlet, 13-Pollution source. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to understand the features and effects of this utility model, the terms and expressions used in the specification and claims are explained and defined below in general terms. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the common meaning understood by those skilled in the art regarding this utility model, and in case of conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail. The terminology used in this specification of this utility model is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the utility model. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings only show the parts related to this application and not all contents. Generally, the components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the utility model. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0030] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0033] See Figure 1This invention provides an exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants, comprising several sensors, several air outlets, a fan, and a fan controller. The sensors are spaced apart around a pollution source 13 and installed on the ground at a certain distance from the surface of the pollution source 13. This avoids direct interference from the pollution source while allowing real-time collection of pollutant concentration data in the environment, facilitating quick location of leaks and timely response by personnel. The air outlets are symmetrically located on both sides of each wall, positioned close to the ground to create an effective airflow channel, allowing pollutants to enter the exhaust vents more smoothly. This layout fully considers the patterns of indoor airflow and the characteristics of pollutant diffusion, aiming to achieve optimal airflow organization. Each air outlet is equipped with a fan, possessing strong airflow regulation capabilities, capable of changing the airflow direction according to actual needs, ensuring that pollutants are accurately and efficiently discharged outdoors. The sensors are connected to the fan controller, which compares the real-time pollutant concentration data collected by the sensors with preset thresholds. The fan is connected to the fan controller to control the jet intensity and direction of the fan.

[0034] Sensor types may include, but are not limited to, gas sensors (such as sulfur hexafluoride sensors, Freon sensors, etc.) and concentration sensors, which are capable of collecting pollutant concentration data in the environment at preset time intervals (such as per second or per minute).

[0035] Air vents are positioned at the corners of each wall, including supply and exhaust vents. The angle of the supply vents is set according to the shape of pollution source 13. If a fan with a fixed direction is used inside the air vent, a deflector plate with an adjustable angle should be installed. By selecting any two air vents between two adjacent sensors as exhaust vents, and using the air vent between the remaining exhaust vents as another exhaust vent, the remaining two air vents on either side can serve as supply vents. This allows only a supply fan to be installed at the supply vents, thus better balancing economic efficiency. Air vents used as exhaust vents require both supply and exhaust fans to be installed simultaneously. Alternatively, a reversible axial flow fan can be installed inside the air vent to change the airflow direction, facilitating both supply and exhaust capabilities.

[0036] The air supply fan's jet direction points towards the exhaust vent, with the landing point on the surface of pollution source 13. It is equipped with an appropriate jet intensity to facilitate the isolation and removal of pollutants. The fan's jet intensity should be sufficient to maintain indoor concentrations below occupational health standards or flammability limits. The jet direction is set according to the shape of pollution source 13, with the direction of the jet direction set along the line connecting the center of the vent and the center of the pollution source. Small deviations are permissible, as long as the jet landing point is on the surface of pollution source 13, and the air supply vector satisfies the following relationship:

[0037]

[0038] in, , and These represent the air delivery vectors for different jet directions.

[0039] The working method of the exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants according to this utility model:

[0040] The sensor collects pollutant concentration data in the environment at preset time intervals and transmits it to the fan controller;

[0041] The fan controller compares the real-time pollutant concentration data with a preset threshold based on the received sensor data in order to quickly locate the pollutant leak location.

[0042] When the pollutant concentration exceeds the preset safety threshold, different ventilation vent arrangements are determined according to the location of the pollutant leak. Under the preset ventilation vent arrangements, the start-up of fans in different areas is adjusted to control the jet intensity and direction of the air supply and exhaust vents.

[0043] The fan's jet stream induces and isolates air, coordinating the airflow between the exhaust and supply vents to isolate and remove heavy-density pollutants from the room.

[0044] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] The exhaust system provided in this embodiment uses jets to remove indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants. Taking a room with a length and width of 10 meters and a height of 4 meters as an example, the pollution source 13 is located in the center of the room, with a length, width and height of 2 meters, 1 meter and 2 meters respectively.

[0047] The four sensors were positioned 2 meters from the geometric center of the surface of the pollution source 13. The leak location was at the position of the first sensor 1 and the second sensor 2. The velocity field of the exhaust effect was tested.

[0048] Since multiple air vents involve both exhaust and supply air, based on the pre-confirmed exhaust methods for handling pollutant leaks from different locations, two vents between any two sensors are selected as exhaust vents, and the remaining two vents between the other two sensors are also selected as exhaust vents. In this case, the four exhaust vents also need to supply air, using axial flow fans capable of reversing direction. The remaining four vents can be used solely as supply air vents, thus achieving a good balance of economic efficiency.

[0049] In this embodiment, when the concentration detected by the first sensor 1 or the fourth sensor 4 is much higher than that detected by the other three sensors, the first vent 5 and the eighth vent 12 exhaust air outwards, while the other vents supply air into the room. When the concentration detected by the second sensor 2 or the third sensor 3 is much higher than that detected by the other three sensors, the fourth vent 8 and the fifth vent 9 exhaust air outwards, while the other vents supply air into the room.

[0050] The angle of the air outlet is set according to the shape of the pollution source 13. In this embodiment, the pollution source 13 is rectangular. The direction of the jet is set with the line connecting the center of the air outlet and the center of the pollution source 13. Small deviations are allowed, as long as the jet landing point is on the surface of the pollution source 13.

[0051] Preferred, such as Figure 2 As shown, the jet endpoint is set on the surface of pollution source 13, and the jet direction vectors of the four air inlets on both sides of the exhaust port point towards the exhaust port, that is...

[0052]

[0053] in, , and These represent the air delivery vectors for three different jet directions.

[0054] The jet velocity is set to 2.3 m / s and the air exchange rate is set to 29 times / hour. These can be adjusted according to the air supply requirements, but should not be lower than <12 times / hour in GBZ 1-2010 "Hygienic Standard for Industrial Enterprise Design".

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, velocity field tests demonstrate that the air supply jets in this exhaust method can effectively prevent pollutants from spreading to a larger space, and their converging jets can carry more momentum towards the exhaust port, facilitating the discharge of heavy-density pollutants.

[0056] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An exhaust system for removing indoor point source heavy density contaminants, comprising: The device comprises several sensors, several air outlets, a fan and a fan controller. The several sensors are arranged around the pollution source (13) and are connected to the fan controller.

2. An exhaust system for removing indoor stationary heavy density contaminants according to claim 1, wherein, The sensors comprise gas sensors and concentration sensors, and the gas sensors comprise sulfur hexafluoride sensors and freon sensors.

3. An exhaust system for removing indoor stationary heavy density contaminants according to claim 1, wherein, The sensors are installed on the ground and have a certain distance from the surface of the pollution source (13).

4. An exhaust system for removing indoor stationary heavy density contaminants according to claim 1, wherein, The air outlets comprise air supply outlets and air exhaust outlets, and the angle of the air supply outlets is set according to the shape of the pollution source (13).

5. An exhaust system for removing indoor stationary heavy density contaminants according to claim 4, wherein, The air supply outlets are installed with air supply fans, and the air exhaust outlets are installed with air supply fans and air exhaust fans.

6. An exhaust system for removing indoor stationary heavy density contaminants according to claim 5, wherein, The jet direction vector of the air supply fans points to the air exhaust outlets.

7. An exhaust system for removing indoor stationary heavy density contaminants according to claim 5, wherein, The landing point of the jet of the air supply fans is on the surface of the pollution source (13).

8. An exhaust system for removing indoor stationary heavy density contaminants according to claim 1, wherein, The jet intensity of the fan meets the requirement of maintaining the indoor concentration below the occupational health standard or the explosion limit concentration.

9. An exhaust system for removing indoor stationary heavy density contaminants according to claim 1, wherein, The fan is installed with a guide vane with variable angle.

10. An exhaust system for removing indoor stationary heavy density contaminants according to claim 1, wherein, The fan is a reversible axial fan.

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