Simulation device for puncture training of internal arteriovenous fistula

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical teaching equipment, in particular to a simulation device for internal arteriovenous fistula puncture training. Comprising a control module, an upper limb simulation model, a puncture replacement module and an internal fistula sound simulator. The control module comprises a shell, and a control circuit, a liquid storage box and a battery are arranged in the shell; the liquid storage box is further connected with an output main path and a loop, a liquid pump, a buffer pool and an electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on the output main path from the starting end to the tail end, and the electromagnetic valve is connected with a liquid supply auxiliary bypass in parallel; the puncture replacement module comprises simulation skin, a simulation artery blood vessel and simulation internal arteriovenous fistula are arranged in the simulation skin, and the tail end of the simulation artery blood vessel is communicated with the tail end of the simulation internal arteriovenous fistula through a simulation blood fistula anal fistula. According to the utility model, the electromagnetic valve and the liquid supply auxiliary bypass are arranged in parallel, the pulsation state of human pulse can be accurately simulated, and the loudspeaker is arranged below the anal fistula of the simulated blood fistula and can be used for simulating internal fistula sound.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical teaching equipment technology, specifically to a simulation device for arteriovenous fistula puncture training. Background Technology

[0002] Hemodialysis, a crucial treatment for patients with kidney failure, primarily relies on extracorporeal circulation to purify the blood. This process involves drawing the patient's blood into a dialyzer composed of hollow fibers. Through diffusion and ultrafiltration, metabolic waste is removed, electrolyte and acid-base balance is regulated, and fluid volume is precisely controlled. Finally, the purified blood is returned to the body. In this treatment system, arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) serve as the "lifeline" of vascular access. An AVF is a permanent vascular access created through surgical end-to-side anastomosis between an artery and vein near the patient's wrist, providing high blood flow. A mature AVF not only ensures adequate dialysis but also has an average lifespan of 4-5 years, meeting long-term treatment needs without significantly impacting the patient's daily activities.

[0003] In clinical practice, arteriovenous fistula puncture is a crucial step in hemodialysis. Due to the thickened walls and altered hemodynamics of the fistula vessels, novice physicians often lack practical experience in palpation of thrills, auscultation of vascular murmurs, and pulsation perception, leading to a high failure rate. This directly impacts dialysis efficiency and may cause complications. To improve physicians' skills, simulation training equipment has become an important auxiliary tool in clinical teaching. While existing technologies, such as the training device described in patent CN202021439906.0, can simulate basic punctures, they suffer from significant physiological deficiencies: firstly, they fail to simulate the characteristic "machine-like" murmur produced when blood flows through a narrow anastomosis; secondly, they lack the rhythmic pulsation feedback specific to arteries. These missing key physiological elements result in significant differences between the simulator and the real clinical scenario, directly affecting the training effectiveness of combined palpation and auscultation judgment, and consequently hindering physicians' mastery of core skills such as puncture angle, depth, and site selection. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a simulation device for arteriovenous fistula puncture training. Its purpose is to simulate pulse by using a parallel solenoid valve and a fluid supply assist bypass, and to simulate fistula sound by using a loudspeaker set below the simulated fistula opening. This solves the problem that the lack of key physiological elements in existing simulation equipment leads to significant differences between the simulator and the real clinical scenario, thereby improving the training effect.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] This utility model provides a simulation device for arteriovenous fistula puncture training, including a control module, an upper limb model, a puncture replacement module, and a fistula sound simulator.

[0007] The control module includes a housing, inside which a control circuit, a liquid storage box, and a battery are installed. The liquid storage box is connected to the liquid replenishment port of the housing via a one-way valve. The liquid storage box is also connected to an output main circuit and a loop. From the beginning to the end of the output main circuit, a liquid pump, a buffer tank, and a solenoid valve are installed in sequence. The solenoid valve is connected in parallel with a liquid supply auxiliary bypass.

[0008] The simulated upper limb model is provided with a mounting slot, which is used to accommodate and fix the puncture replacement module and the fistula sound simulator.

[0009] The puncture replacement module includes simulated skin, within which simulated arteries and simulated arteriovenous fistulas are provided. The main output path is connected to the simulated arteries, and the loop is connected to the simulated arteriovenous fistulas. The ends of the simulated arteries and the ends of the simulated arteriovenous fistulas are connected through simulated fistula openings.

[0010] The fistula sound simulator includes a loudspeaker positioned below the simulated fistula opening.

[0011] Furthermore, a power switch, a charging port, an indicator light, and a liquid replenishment port are provided on the side wall of the housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the ends of the main output path and the loop are both located on the outside of the control module, and both the ends of the main output path and the loop are equipped with Luer connectors.

[0013] Furthermore, the pump is a diaphragm pump.

[0014] Furthermore, the simulated upper limb model is also equipped with a simulated blood vessel fixation block.

[0015] Furthermore, both the simulated artery and the simulated arteriovenous fistula are made of rubber, and their outer peripheries are coated with hydrogel.

[0016] Furthermore, the thickness of the hydrogel is between 0.2 mm and 5 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the loudspeaker is connected to the control circuit of the control module via a loudspeaker control line.

[0018] Furthermore, the simulation device also includes a remote control, and the control circuit of the control module is equipped with a wireless connection module, which wirelessly connects to the remote control via WIFI or Bluetooth.

[0019] The beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0020] Eliminating pipeline vibration: This invention incorporates a liquid buffer tank, which effectively eliminates vibrations generated by the diaphragm pump's supply pipeline and reduces noise interference. This helps maintain the stability of the supply system, providing a more reliable foundation for subsequent simulations of human physiological states.

[0021] Simulating Human Pulse and Blood Flow: This invention connects a solenoid valve and a fluid supply auxiliary bypass in parallel. This unique design accurately simulates the pulsation of a human pulse, ensuring the representation of pulse characteristics while also simulating normal and stable blood flow. This better mimics the physiological characteristics of patients, providing a more realistic simulation scenario for related training and significantly improving training effectiveness.

[0022] Simulated fistula sounds: This invention incorporates a loudspeaker located below the simulated fistula opening. This loudspeaker can simulate fistula sounds. It can play not only normal fistula sounds but also abnormal fistula sounds, thus more comprehensively and realistically simulating the patient's key physiological elements. This high degree of realism in replicating the patient's physiological characteristics allows training to be closer to actual clinical situations, further enhancing training effectiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the control module principle of this utility model; in the diagram, the dashed lines are control lines and the thick solid lines are pipes.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the puncture replacement block of this utility model (hidden bionic skin).

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fistula sound simulator of this utility model.

[0028] In the diagram, 10 is the control module; 110 is the housing; 111 is the power switch; 112 is the charging port; 113 is the indicator light; 114 is the infusion port; 120 is the control circuit; 130 is the reservoir; 131 is the circuit; 132 is the one-way valve; 140 is the main output circuit; 141 is the pump; 142 is the buffer tank; 143 is the solenoid valve; 150 is the fluid supply auxiliary bypass; 160 is the battery; 20 is the simulated upper limb model; 210 is the mounting slot; 220 is the simulated blood vessel fixation block; 30 is the puncture replacement module; 310 is the simulated skin; 320 is the simulated artery; 330 is the simulated arteriovenous fistula; 340 is the simulated blood fistula opening; 40 is the fistula sound simulator; 410 is the megaphone; 420 is the megaphone control line; and 50 is the remote control. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0030] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0031] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, if the word "and / or" appears throughout the text, it means including three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0032] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a simulation device for arteriovenous fistula puncture training, including a control module 10, an upper limb model 20, a puncture replacement module 30, and a fistula sound simulator 40.

[0033] The control module 10 is a system unit simulating blood circulation. The control module 10 includes a housing 110, within which a control circuit 120, a liquid storage box 130, and a battery 160 are disposed. The control circuit 120 is the control center of this invention, and includes a control chip and auxiliary circuits to assist the control chip in controlling pumps, valves, etc. The control chip can be a microcontroller or a PLC controller, etc. The control module 10 is connected to the battery 160, the liquid pump 141, and the solenoid valve 143, respectively. For those skilled in the art, implementing the control circuit 120 based on the functions described herein is relatively easy; therefore, specific technical details will not be elaborated further.

[0034] The liquid reservoir 130 is connected to the replenishment port 114 of the housing 110 via a one-way valve 132. When the simulated blood in the liquid reservoir 130 decreases, the user can replenish the liquid reservoir 130 with simulated blood through the replenishment port 114. Furthermore, the one-way valve 132 prevents liquid backflow while allowing air to enter, preventing negative pressure from forming inside the liquid reservoir 130. Specifically, when the liquid in the liquid reservoir 130 decreases, a negative pressure is generated. The air outside the control module 10, under the pressure difference, will push open the one-way valve 132, allowing gas to enter the liquid reservoir 130, thereby maintaining approximately equal internal and external pressures.

[0035] The liquid storage box 130 is also connected to an output main circuit 140 and a loop 131. The output main circuit 140 is used to output simulated blood, and the loop 131 is used to simulate the return flow of blood, thereby forming a simulated blood circulation. The ends of the output main circuit 140 and the loop 131 are both located outside the control module 10. The ends of the output main circuit 140 and the loop 131 are both provided with Luer connectors (not shown in the figure) to facilitate docking with the puncture replacement module 30.

[0036] For the main output path 140 and the loop 131: the end connected to the liquid storage box 130 is the starting end, and the other end is the ending end, and so on.

[0037] The main output path 140 is equipped with a liquid pump 141, a buffer tank 142, and a solenoid valve 143 sequentially from one end to the other. The liquid pump 141 is a diaphragm pump, but other types of liquid pumps can also be used. Simulated blood first enters the buffer tank 142, and after stabilizing, it continues to be transported along the main output path 140. The buffer tank 142 can effectively eliminate vibrations in the diaphragm pump's supply line, ensuring stable liquid delivery within the main output path 140. The solenoid valve 143 is connected in parallel with a fluid supply auxiliary bypass 150. One end of the fluid supply auxiliary bypass 150 is connected to the inlet of the solenoid valve 143, and the other end is connected to the outlet of the solenoid valve 143. The fluid supply auxiliary bypass 150 ensures that while maintaining a pulse, it also simulates the normal and stable flow of blood, ensuring a good blood return effect after puncture. The solenoid valve 143 is used to generate pulses to simulate a pulse. Specifically, the principle of pulse generation by the solenoid valve 143 is as follows: by setting a shorter opening time and a longer closing time, the liquid can be allowed to pass through quickly for a period of time and then stop for a period of time, forming an intermittent pulse flow. The specific opening and closing times need to be obtained through experiments to better simulate the physiological characteristics of the patient.

[0038] The simulated upper limb model 20 mimics the structure of the human upper limb and conforms to the anatomical and physiological structure of the human body. The simulated upper limb model 20 is provided with a mounting groove 210 and a simulated blood vessel fixing block 220. The mounting groove 210 is used to accommodate and fix the puncture replacement module 30 and the fistula sound simulator 40, and the simulated blood vessel fixing block 220 is used to assist in fixing the simulated blood vessel.

[0039] The puncture replacement module 30 includes a simulated skin 310, which is made of a highly realistic rubber material (such as natural rubber, as well as silicone, TPU, TPE, and other broadly defined rubber materials). The simulated skin 310 has a suitable thickness and density to better simulate the feel of a needle being inserted into the human body. The simulated skin 310 contains a simulated artery 320 and a simulated arteriovenous fistula 330, both made of rubber, providing a more realistic vascular puncture sensation. The outer periphery of the simulated artery 320 and the simulated arteriovenous fistula 330 is covered with hydrogel, which adheres closely to the simulated blood vessel to ensure long-term puncture training. The thickness of the hydrogel is between 0.2 mm and 5 mm. Both the starting ends of the simulated artery 320 and the simulated arteriovenous fistula 330 are equipped with Luer connectors for easy and quick connection to the control module 10. Specifically, the main output path 140 is connected to the simulated artery 320, and the loop 131 is connected to the simulated arteriovenous fistula 330. The ends of the simulated artery 320 and the simulated arteriovenous fistula 330 are connected through a simulated fistula opening 340. The simulated fistula opening 340 is used to simulate the fistula opening (also called anastomosis) of an arteriovenous fistula, and also to eliminate pulses, simulating the conversion of arterial blood into venous blood, thus better simulating physiological characteristics. During practice, the user determines the location of the simulated arteriovenous fistula 330 by means of auscultation and other methods, and practices puncture.

[0040] The fistula sound simulator 40 includes a loudspeaker 410, which is located below the simulated fistula opening 340. The loudspeaker 410 is connected to the control circuit 120 of the control module 10 via a loudspeaker control line 420. The control circuit 120 controls the loudspeaker 410 to play normal or abnormal fistula sounds, thereby improving the simulation effect.

[0041] The housing 110 has a cubic structure, and a power switch 111, a charging port 112, an indicator light 113, and a liquid replenishment port 114 are provided on the side wall of the housing 110. The power switch 111 is used to control the opening and closing of the simulation device. The charging port 112 is used to charge the battery 160. The indicator light 113 lights up when the simulation device is turned on and turns off when it is turned off. The liquid replenishment port 114 is used to replenish the liquid storage box 130 with simulated blood.

[0042] The simulation device also includes a remote control 50, meaning that this invention can be remotely controlled. The control circuit 120 of the control module 10 is equipped with a wireless connection module, which wirelessly connects to the remote control 50 via WIFI or Bluetooth. The remote control 50 is equipped with several control buttons, allowing the user to remotely control the operation of the simulation device. The wireless connection module and the wireless connection and control of the remote control 50 are relatively common and belong to existing technology; therefore, specific details will not be elaborated further.

[0043] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A simulation device for internal arteriovenous fistula puncture training, characterized by: The simulation device comprises a control module (10), an upper limb model (20), a puncture replacement module (30) and an internal fistula sound simulator (40); The control module (10) comprises a shell (110), a control circuit (120), a liquid storage box (130) and a battery (160) arranged in the shell (110); the liquid storage box (130) is communicated with a liquid supplementing opening (114) of the shell (110) through a one-way valve (132); the liquid storage box (130) is further connected with an output main line (140) and a return line (131); the output main line (140) is sequentially provided with a liquid pump (141), a buffer tank (142) and an electromagnetic valve (143) from the beginning end to the end; the electromagnetic valve (143) is connected with a liquid supply auxiliary bypass (150) in parallel; The upper limb model (20) is provided with a mounting groove (210) for accommodating the puncture replacement module (30) and the internal fistula sound simulator (40); The puncture replacement module (30) comprises a simulated skin (310), the simulated skin (310) is provided with a simulated artery (320) and a simulated arteriovenous fistula (330); the output main line (140) is connected with the simulated artery (320); the return line (131) is connected with the simulated arteriovenous fistula (330); the end of the simulated artery (320) and the end of the simulated arteriovenous fistula (330) are communicated through a simulated blood fistula port (340); The internal fistula sound simulator (40) comprises a loudspeaker (410) arranged below the simulated blood fistula port (340).

2. A simulation device for training of internal arteriovenous fistula puncture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the shell (110) is provided with a power switch (111), a charging port (112), an indicator light (113) and a liquid supplementing opening (114).

3. The simulation device for training of internal arteriovenous fistula puncture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the output main line (140) and the end of the return line (131) are arranged outside the control module (10) and are provided with a luer joint.

4. The simulation device for training of internal arteriovenous fistula puncture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid pump (141) is a diaphragm pump.

5. The simulation device for training of internal arteriovenous fistula puncture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper limb model (20) is further provided with a simulated blood vessel fixing block (220).

6. The simulation device for training of internal arteriovenous fistula puncture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated artery (320) and the simulated arteriovenous fistula (330) are made of rubber; the outer circumferential sides of the simulated artery (320) and the simulated arteriovenous fistula (330) are wrapped with a hydrogel; the beginning end of the simulated artery (320) and the beginning end of the simulated arteriovenous fistula (330) are provided with a luer joint.

7. A simulation device for training on puncturing an internal fistula according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the hydrogel is between 0.2mm and 5mm.

8. The simulation device for training of internal arteriovenous fistula puncture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loudspeaker (410) is connected with the control circuit (120) of the control module (10) through a loudspeaker control line (420).

9. The simulation device for training of internal fistula puncture according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The simulation device further comprises a remote controller (50); the control circuit (120) of the control module (10) is provided with a wireless connection module; the wireless connection module is wirelessly connected with the remote controller (50) through WIFI or Bluetooth.

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