Multi-band array antenna and positioning device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-band array antenna and a positioning device. The multi-band array antenna comprises a first antenna array, a second antenna array and a multi-band combined antenna which are arranged on the same side of a circular antenna array disc, the first antenna array comprises at least six first antenna units, and the at least six first antenna units are arranged on the first circumference of the circular antenna array disc at equal intervals; the second antenna array comprises at least six second antenna units, the at least six second antenna units are arranged on a second circumference of the circular antenna array disc at equal intervals, and the diameter of the second circumference is smaller than that of the first circumference; the multi-band combined antenna comprises at least two third antenna units, the at least two third antenna units are arranged at the circle center of the circular antenna array disc in an overlapping manner, and the sizes of the third antenna units are different; the size of the first antenna unit is larger than that of the second antenna unit. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the utility model, the multi-band array antenna with relatively strong anti-interference performance is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to antenna technology, and more particularly to a multi-band array antenna and a positioning system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of satellite positioning technology, applications related to satellite positioning systems have flourished. For example, applications such as autonomous driving and drones rely on the high-precision positioning capabilities of satellite positioning systems. To improve the positioning accuracy of satellite positioning systems, current positioning devices often simultaneously receive satellite signals from different frequency bands of multiple satellite positioning systems, such as BeiDou, GPS, and GLONASS, achieving multi-system joint positioning and further improving positioning accuracy through real-time differential technology.

[0003] However, for positioning equipment that receives satellite signals from multiple satellite positioning systems, the antenna needs to receive signals from various different frequency bands, placing the antenna in a complex electromagnetic interference environment. Therefore, resolving the interference between signals from different frequency bands is crucial to improving the signal reception capability of positioning equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a multi-band array antenna and a positioning device, and provides a multi-band array antenna with strong anti-interference performance.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-band array antenna, comprising: a first antenna array, a second antenna array, and a multi-band combined antenna disposed on the same side of a circular antenna array disk;

[0006] The first antenna array includes at least six first antenna elements, which are equally spaced on the first circumference of a circular antenna array disk, and the at least six first antenna elements are of the same size.

[0007] The second antenna array includes at least six second antenna elements, which are equally spaced on the second circumference of the circular antenna array disk. The at least six second antenna elements are the same size, and the diameter of the second circumference is smaller than the diameter of the first circumference.

[0008] The multi-band combined antenna includes at least two third antenna elements, which are overlapped at the center of a circular antenna array, and each third antenna element has a different size.

[0009] The size of the first antenna element is larger than the size of the second antenna element.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, each first antenna element is provided with a metal isolation wall perpendicular to the circular antenna array disk on one side facing the center of the circular antenna array disk, and the height of the metal isolation wall is higher than the height of the first antenna element.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the multi-band combined antenna includes three third antenna elements.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first antenna element is a dual-band antenna element of the B2 and B3 frequency bands of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, the second antenna element operates in the S-band of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, and the three third antenna elements operate in the B2 and B3 frequency bands, the S-band, and the B1 and L frequency bands of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, respectively.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the third antenna elements of the B2 and B3 bands, the third antenna elements of the B1 and L bands, and the third antenna element of the S band are arranged sequentially upwards from the circular antenna array disk.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, each first antenna element consists of a lower B2 band radiator and an upper B3 band radiator.

[0015] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the distance between the center of the first antenna element and the center of the circular antenna array is between 100 mm and 120 mm.

[0016] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the distance between the center of the second antenna element and the center of the circular antenna array disk is between 55 mm and 70 mm.

[0017] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the distance between the metal isolation wall and the first antenna element is between 3 mm and 10 mm, and the height difference between the metal isolation wall and the first antenna element is between 1 mm and 10 mm.

[0018] In a second aspect, this utility model provides a positioning device, which includes a baseband processing unit, a radio frequency processing unit, and an antenna, wherein the antenna is a multi-band array antenna of any possible implementation of the first aspect;

[0019] The multi-band array antenna is used to receive satellite positioning signals from multiple frequency bands. The radio frequency processing unit is used to process the received satellite positioning signals from multiple frequency bands into multiple baseband signals. The baseband processing unit is used to obtain a synthetic positioning result based on the multiple baseband signals.

[0020] The multi-band array antenna and positioning device provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting a first antenna array, a second antenna array, and a multi-band combined antenna on a circular antenna array disk, and by considering that the antenna elements in the first and second antenna arrays operate at different frequency bands, and that the multi-band combined antenna is composed of multiple third antenna elements operating at different frequency bands, can therefore have multiple operating frequency bands. Furthermore, the multiple antenna elements operating at different frequency bands are spaced apart, which reduces interference between antenna elements of different frequency bands, thus providing a multi-band array antenna with strong anti-interference performance. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A top view of a multi-band array antenna provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 A side view of a multi-band array antenna provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 An oblique view of a multi-band array antenna provided for an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0025] Figures 1 to 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-band array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 1 This is a top view of a multi-band array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a side view of a multi-band array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a perspective view of a multi-band array antenna provided for an embodiment of this utility model. (See attached image.) Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the multi-band array antenna provided in this embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0026] The system comprises a circular antenna array disk 5, a first antenna array, a second antenna array, and a multi-band combined antenna 3. The first antenna array includes at least six first antenna elements 1, the second antenna array includes at least six second antenna elements 2, and the multi-band combined antenna 3 includes at least two third antenna elements operating in different frequency bands; that is, the multi-band combined antenna 3 includes at least two third antenna elements of different sizes. The first antenna array, the second antenna array, and the multi-band combined antenna 3 are all disposed on the same side surface of the circular antenna array disk 5.

[0027] The number of first antenna elements 1 in the first antenna array is generally the same as the number of second antenna elements 2 in the second antenna array. The number of first antenna elements 1 and second antenna elements 2 is preferably 6 or 8. In this embodiment, six first antenna elements 1 and six second antenna elements 2 are used as an example for illustration.

[0028] With the center of the circular antenna array disk 5 as the center, the six first antenna elements 1 of the first antenna array are arranged on the first circumference of the circular antenna array disk 5, and the six first antenna elements 1 are equally spaced. That is, the six first antenna elements 1 are evenly arranged on the first circumference of the circular antenna array disk 5, and adjacent first antenna elements 1 are spaced 60 degrees apart on the first circumference. The first antenna elements 1 of the first antenna array form an antenna array, so the operating frequency band of each first antenna element 1 is the same. In addition, the size of each first antenna element 1 is the same.

[0029] With the center of the circular antenna array 5 as the center, the six second antenna elements 2 of the second antenna array are arranged on the second circumference of the circular antenna array 5, and the six second antenna elements 2 are evenly spaced. That is, the six second antenna elements 2 are evenly arranged on the second circumference of the circular antenna array 5, and adjacent second antenna elements 2 are spaced 60 degrees apart on the second circumference. The various second antenna elements 2 of the second antenna array form an antenna array, so the operating frequency band of each second antenna element 2 is the same. In addition, the size of each second antenna element 2 is the same. The diameter of the second circumference is smaller than the diameter of the first circumference, that is, the first antenna elements 1 of the first antenna array are arranged on the outside of the circular antenna array 5, and the second antenna elements 2 of the second antenna array are arranged on the inside of the circular antenna array 5. The operating frequency bands of the first antenna elements 1 and the second antenna elements 2 are different. The antenna elements in the first antenna array and the second antenna array can be arranged alternately, that is, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown, each second antenna element 2 in the second antenna array is located between two adjacent first antenna elements 1. Preferably, the angle between each first antenna element 1 and the two nearest second antenna elements 2 is 30 degrees. The first antenna elements 1 and the second antenna elements 2 operate at different frequency bands. The size of the first antenna element 1 is larger than the size of the second antenna element 2, meaning that the operating frequency band of the first antenna element 1 is lower than that of the second antenna element 2. Since the diameter of the first circumference where the first antenna element 1 is located is larger than the diameter of the second circumference where the second antenna element 2 is located, the circumference of the first circumference is greater than the circumference of the second circumference. Therefore, placing the larger first antenna element 1 on the first circumference allows for a larger gap between adjacent first antenna elements 1, which is beneficial for improving the radiation performance of the second antenna element 2.

[0030] Because the first and second antenna arrays each have antenna elements in six different directions, they can effectively resist interference signals from six different directions in the operating frequency bands of both arrays, exhibiting a significant advantage in anti-interference. With more antenna elements in the first and second antenna arrays, they can resist interference from even more directions.

[0031] The multi-band combined antenna 3 consists of at least two third antenna elements, which are overlapped at the center of the circular antenna array 5. That is, each third antenna element operates at a different frequency band, so the multi-band combined antenna 3 has multiple operating frequency bands.

[0032] Each of the aforementioned first antenna unit 1, second antenna unit 2, and third antenna unit is composed of a dielectric substrate and a radiator disposed on the dielectric substrate. The dielectric substrate and radiator parameters of each first antenna unit 1 are the same, and the dielectric substrate and radiator parameters of each second antenna unit 2 are the same. The shapes of the substrate and radiator of the first antenna unit 1, second antenna unit 2, and each third antenna unit can be the same or different.

[0033] The multi-band array antenna provided in this embodiment has a first antenna array, a second antenna array, and a multi-band combined antenna arranged on a circular antenna array disk. Since the antenna elements in the first and second antenna arrays operate at different frequency bands, and the multi-band combined antenna is composed of multiple third antenna elements with different operating frequency bands, the multi-band array antenna provided in this embodiment can have multiple operating frequency bands. The multiple antenna elements with different operating frequency bands are arranged at intervals, which can reduce the interference between antenna elements of different frequency bands and provide a multi-band array antenna with strong anti-interference performance.

[0034] To further improve the anti-interference capability of the multi-band array antenna provided in this embodiment, a metal isolation wall 4 perpendicular to the circular antenna array 5 can be provided on one side of each first antenna element 1 facing the center of the circular antenna array 5. The height of the metal isolation wall 4 is higher than the height of the first antenna element 1. Since the distance between the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 is relatively close, mutual interference can occur between them. Providing the metal isolation wall 4 on the side of the first antenna element 1 facing the center of the circular antenna array 5, that is, between the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2, can improve the isolation of the first antenna element 1 from other inner antenna elements, reduce the mutual coupling of the central multi-band combined antenna, and make the phase center of the central multi-band combined antenna more stable. Simultaneously, it can reduce the interference between the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2, further reducing the interference of the entire multi-band array antenna and improving antenna performance. The metal isolation wall 4 can also be not only provided between the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2, but can also be U-shaped, surrounding one side of the first antenna element 1.

[0035] The multi-band combined antenna 3 may include two or more third antenna elements operating in different frequency bands. Figures 1 to 3 The multi-band combined antenna 3, comprising three third antenna elements, is used as an example for illustration. Since the three third antenna elements operate at different frequency bands, the multi-band combined antenna 3 can provide three different operating frequency bands, thereby improving the operating frequency range of the multi-band array antenna provided in this embodiment. The operating frequency bands of the three third antenna elements can be the same as or different from those of the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2.

[0036] The multi-band array antenna provided in this application can be applied to any scenario requiring multiple operating frequency bands. In this application, the application of the multi-band array antenna to a satellite positioning system is used as an example. To improve the positioning accuracy of satellite positioning systems, a multi-satellite positioning fusion scheme is currently widely used. This involves simultaneously receiving satellite positioning signals from multiple systems and processing these signals at the receiving end to obtain a more accurate positioning result. Since different satellite positioning systems operate at different frequency bands, an antenna array composed of multiple antenna elements in different frequency bands is needed to maintain the ground receiving antenna for the satellite positioning system. In this application embodiment, the first antenna element 1 is a dual-frequency antenna element in the B2 and B3 bands of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, the second antenna element 2 operates in the S-band of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, and the three third antenna elements operate in the B2 and B3 bands, the S-band, and the B1 and L bands of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, respectively. The center frequencies of the B2 band and B3 band of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System are 1207.14MHz and 1268.52MHz respectively. Since the B2 and B3 bands are relatively close, the first antenna element 1 can be used as the antenna for both bands. The center frequency of the S band is 2491.75MHz. The center frequencies of the B1 band are 1561.098MHz-1575.42MHz (the center frequency of the second-stage B1 band is 1561.098MHz, and the center frequency of the third-stage B1 band is 1575.42MHz), and the center frequency of the L band is 1616MHz. Therefore, a third antenna element can be used as the antenna for both the B1 and L bands. Thus, it can be seen that using the multi-band array antenna provided in this embodiment can completely cover the operating frequency bands of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, thereby enabling support for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System.

[0037] In addition, for other satellite positioning systems, such as GPS, the main operating frequency bands used are L1 (center frequency 1575.42MHz), L2 (center frequency 1227.60MHz), and L5 (center frequency 1176.45MHz). Therefore, the third antenna unit covering the B2 and B3 frequency bands of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System covers the L2 and L5 frequency bands of GPS. The third antenna unit serving the B1 and L frequency bands of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System can cover the L1 frequency band of GPS. Therefore, the multi-band array antenna provided in this application embodiment can also achieve good reception of GPS signals. For example, the GLONASS system mainly operates in the L1 band (center frequency 1602.0MHz) and L2 band (center frequency 1246MHz). Therefore, the third antenna unit serving the B1 and L bands of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System can cover the L1 band of GLONASS, and the third antenna unit covering the B2 and B3 bands of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System can cover the L2 band of GLONASS. Thus, the multi-band array antenna provided in this embodiment can also achieve good reception of GLONASS signals. In other words, the multi-band array antenna provided in this embodiment can support the fusion positioning of multiple satellite positioning systems, and can support the operating frequency bands of multiple satellite positioning systems. Furthermore, due to the use of a first antenna array and a second antenna array composed of six antenna units, and a metal isolation wall between them, interference between antennas of different frequency bands can be reduced and the signal reception capability of the antenna can be improved in a complex electromagnetic interference environment where many antennas exist.

[0038] For the three third antenna elements mentioned above, the third antenna elements in bands B2 and B3, bands B1 and L, and band S are arranged sequentially from the circular antenna array disk 5 upwards. This is because the operating frequency bands of the third antenna elements in bands B2 and B3, bands B1 and L, and band S gradually increase. If the three third antenna elements use the same dielectric substrate, the radiator size of each third antenna element decreases sequentially. Placing the larger antenna element at the bottom and the smaller antenna element at the top can improve the signal reception capability of each antenna element. The number and operating frequency bands of the third antenna elements in the multi-band array antenna provided in this application embodiment can be increased or decreased as needed.

[0039] Furthermore, for each first antenna element 1 in the first antenna array, a broadband antenna element can be used to cover the B2 and B3 frequency bands of the BeiDou navigation system, or a first antenna element 1 can be formed by a B2 frequency band radiator located below and a B3 frequency band radiator located above.

[0040] For each first antenna element 1 of the first antenna array, since it has two operating frequency bands, it can be configured with two feed points. Each feed point is followed by the corresponding frequency, mixing, and other circuits for that frequency band, thereby enabling the separate reception of signals from different frequency bands. When the first antenna element 1 consists of two radiators, with the radiator of frequency band B2 located below and the radiator of frequency band B3 located above, the two feed points are located on the metal radiating layer of the frequency band B3 radiator. The radiator of frequency band B2 is fed through the radiator of frequency band B3, and the two share a common feed network.

[0041] For a multi-band combined antenna composed of three third antenna elements, a feed point can also be configured for each frequency band to achieve signal reception of multiple frequency bands. Among them, the third antenna elements of the B2 and B3 frequency bands share the same feed network with the first antenna element 1.

[0042] Each of the first antenna elements 1 in the first antenna array, the second antenna element 2 in the second antenna array, and the multi-band combined antenna are all fixed to the circular antenna array disk 5 with screws.

[0043] The aforementioned first, second, and third antenna units can be manufactured using printed circuit board (PCB) electroplating technology or PCB copper plating, resulting in lower costs. Furthermore, each antenna unit is mounted on a circular antenna array using screws, simplifying the assembly process.

[0044] In one embodiment, the distance between the center of the first antenna element 1 and the center of the circular antenna array 5 is between 100 mm and 120 mm.

[0045] In one embodiment, the distance between the center of the second antenna element 2 and the center of the circular antenna array 5 is between 55 mm and 70 mm.

[0046] In one embodiment, the distance between the metal isolation wall 4 and the first antenna unit 1 is between 3 mm and 10 mm, and the height difference between the metal isolation wall 4 and the first antenna unit 1 is between 1 mm and 10 mm.

[0047] This utility model embodiment also provides a positioning device, which includes a baseband processing unit, a radio frequency processing unit, and an antenna, wherein the antenna is a multi-band array antenna of any of the above embodiments. This positioning device can be any device that requires satellite positioning. The multi-band array antenna is used to receive satellite positioning signals of multiple frequency bands, the radio frequency processing unit is used to process the received satellite positioning signals of multiple frequency bands into multiple baseband signals, and the baseband processing unit is used to obtain a composite positioning result based on the multiple baseband signals. In some satellite positioning systems, the positioning device can also transmit signals to satellites; therefore, the baseband processing unit can also process the signals that need to be transmitted to satellites, and after the radio frequency processing unit converts the processed baseband signals, they are transmitted to the corresponding satellites through the multi-band array antenna.

[0048] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Many other equivalent embodiments may be included without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-band array antenna, characterized by, include: The first antenna array, the second antenna array, and the multi-band combined antenna are arranged on the same side of the circular antenna array disk; The first antenna array includes at least six first antenna elements, which are equally spaced on the first circumference of the circular antenna array disk, and the at least six first antenna elements are of the same size; The second antenna array includes at least six second antenna elements, which are equally spaced on the second circumference of the circular antenna array disk. The at least six second antenna elements are of the same size, and the diameter of the second circumference is smaller than the diameter of the first circumference. The multi-band combined antenna includes at least two third antenna elements, which are overlapped at the center of the circular antenna array, and each third antenna element operates in a different frequency band. The operating frequency band of the first antenna element is larger than the size of the second antenna element.

2. The multi-band array antenna of claim 1, wherein, Each first antenna element has a metal isolation wall perpendicular to the circular antenna array disk on one side facing the center of the circular antenna array disk, and the height of the metal isolation wall is higher than the height of the first antenna element.

3. The multi-band array antenna of claim 1, wherein, The multi-band combined antenna includes three third antenna elements.

4. The multi-band array antenna of claim 3, wherein, The first antenna unit is a dual-band antenna unit of the B2 and B3 frequency bands of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, the second antenna unit operates in the S-band of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, and the three third antenna units operate in the B2 and B3 frequency bands, the S-band, and the B1 and L frequency bands of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, respectively.

5. The multi-band array antenna of claim 4, wherein, Of the three third antenna units, the third antenna units for the B2 and B3 frequency bands, the third antenna units for the B1 and L frequency bands, and the third antenna unit for the S frequency band are arranged sequentially upwards from the circular antenna array disk.

6. The multi-band array antenna of claim 1, wherein, Each first antenna element consists of a B2 band radiator located below and a B3 band radiator located above.

7. The multi-band array antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The distance between the center of the first antenna element and the center of the circular antenna array is between 100 mm and 120 mm.

8. The multi-band array antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The distance between the center of the second antenna element and the center of the circular antenna array is between 55 mm and 70 mm.

9. The multi-band array antenna of claim 2, wherein, The distance between the metal isolation wall and the first antenna element is between 3 mm and 10 mm, and the height difference between the metal isolation wall and the first antenna element is between 1 mm and 10 mm.

10. A positioning device, characterized by The positioning device includes a baseband processing unit, a radio frequency processing unit, and an antenna, wherein the antenna is a multi-band array antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The multi-band array antenna is used to receive satellite positioning signals of multiple frequency bands. The radio frequency processing unit is used to process the received satellite positioning signals of multiple frequency bands into multiple baseband signals. The baseband processing unit is used to obtain a synthetic positioning result based on the multiple baseband signals.

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