Dilator for gynecological examination
With its four-lobed structure and specialized transmission design, the vaginal wall is subjected to uniform force in four directions, solving the problems of pain, discomfort, and insufficient field of vision of existing dilators, and improving the comfort and effectiveness of the examination.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing gynecological examination specula devices cause uneven pressure on the vaginal walls during use, resulting in pain and discomfort. They also lack effective structures to stretch the left and right sides of the vagina, affecting the examination field of view and increasing structural complexity and cost.
It adopts a four-petal structure, including an upper rotating body, an upper expanding petal, a middle supporting body, an expanding side petal, and an expanding lower petal. Through the drive unit and the inclined transmission structure, it achieves uniform force on the vaginal wall in four directions. Combined with the special expanding side petal and arc design, it ensures that the internal space of the vagina is fully opened and provides a clear view.
It significantly reduces patient pain and discomfort, reduces the risk of mucosal damage, improves the exposure of the examination field, simplifies the operation process, and reduces production costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223994891U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical examination instruments, specifically a dilator for gynecological examination. Background Technology
[0002] Gynecological examination speculum is an indispensable medical device in gynecological clinical diagnosis and treatment. It is mainly used to open the vaginal wall during vaginal examinations, gynecological surgeries and treatments to expose the vagina and cervix, providing medical staff with a clear operating field and sufficient operating space, and ensuring the smooth progress of the diagnosis and treatment process.
[0003] Currently, most gynecological examination specula devices widely used in clinical practice are two-flap structures. These specula devices typically include an upper and lower dilator flap hinged together, and operating handles connected to both flaps. During use, medical personnel drive the upper dilator flap to rotate relative to the lower dilator flap around the hinge point using the operating handles, thereby opening and closing the upper and lower dilator flaps to perform the vaginal dilation procedure.
[0004] However, existing expanders have many shortcomings in practical applications, as follows:
[0005] Because the two-flap dilator achieves opening only through the relative rotation of the upper and lower dilators, the force applied during opening is mainly concentrated on the upper and lower walls of the vagina, resulting in concentrated and uneven force on the vaginal walls. Especially when the dilation angle is large or the patient's vaginal walls are sensitive, it can easily cause compression and traction on the vaginal mucosa, causing significant pain, soreness, and other discomfort, and may even cause mucosal damage, reducing the patient's acceptance and cooperation with the diagnostic and treatment procedures.
[0006] Furthermore, the current two-flap dilators use a duckbill-shaped dilator flap that needs to be inserted vertically into the vagina and then rotated 90 degrees to open the vaginal sidewalls. This process can cause significant discomfort to the patient.
[0007] The vaginal wall includes not only the upper and lower walls, but also the left and right lateral walls, which need to be properly opened during examination to fully expose the field of vision. However, existing two-flap dilators lack a dedicated opening structure for the left and right lateral walls of the vagina, relying only on the indirect pulling effect of the upper and lower dilators opening to open the lateral walls. This causes tissue from the left and right lateral walls to intrude between the dilators, thus obstructing the medical staff's line of sight and affecting their observation and examination of the vaginal lateral walls and the areas on both sides of the cervix, potentially leading to missed diagnoses or misdiagnoses.
[0008] To improve the spreading effect, some two-part spreaders add auxiliary spreading components or adjustment mechanisms to the original structure, such as lateral push rods or elastic supports. The addition of these extra components not only increases the number of parts in the spreader, making the overall structure more complex, but also increases the difficulty of production and manufacturing costs.
[0009] Therefore, developing a new type of gynecological examination dilator that can solve the above problems has important clinical significance and practical value. Utility Model Content
[0010] This invention provides a gynecological examination dilator that can solve the problems of existing dilators, such as patients experiencing significant pain and soreness during use, small viewing window, and complex structure.
[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a gynecological examination dilator, comprising an upper rotating body and a middle supporting body. The upper rotating body is hinged to the upper part of the middle supporting body and is provided with a forward-extending upper dilator flap. The lower part of the middle supporting body is hinged to the forward-extending lower dilator flap. Forward-extending side dilators are provided on the left and right sides of the middle supporting body. A first inclined surface is provided at the root of each side dilator flap. The upper rotating body is provided with a driving part that matches the first inclined surface. The lower end of the driving part abuts against the lower dilator flap. When the upper rotating body rotates upward around the middle supporting body, the driving part drives the side dilators flaps to open to both sides and simultaneously drives the lower dilator flap to rotate downward and open. The free ends of the upper dilator flap, side dilators flaps, and lower dilator flap are all provided with arc-shaped bending reinforcements. The new four-petal structure, employing a simple linkage mechanism, ensures uniform force on the vaginal wall in all four directions (up, down, left, and right), avoiding localized compression and traction. The curved end can be designed to conform to human anatomy, facilitating smooth insertion during examination and significantly reducing patient pain, soreness, and the risk of mucosal damage. A dedicated matching transmission structure for the dilating side flaps, the first inclined surface, and the drive unit replaces the indirect drive of the existing two-petal design, ensuring sufficient and controllable opening force on both sides, preventing natural apposition of the vaginal sidewalls, and fully exposing both sides of the cervix and the lateral wall area, reducing the risk of missed or misdiagnosed diagnoses. Furthermore, the four-directional opening structure significantly expands the internal vaginal space, working in conjunction with the coordinated unfolding of the upper, lower, and side flaps to create a larger and more comprehensive effective field of vision.
[0012] Preferably, the central support includes a U-shaped bracket, the expanding side flaps are connected to the sidewalls of the U-shaped bracket, the upper end of the U-shaped bracket is provided with a first rotating part hinged to the upper rotating body, and the lower part of the U-shaped bracket is provided with a second rotating part hinged to the expanding lower flap. The integrated structure of the U-shaped bracket replaces the decentralized connection, and the sidewalls are directly connected to the expanding side flaps, which enhances the support strength of the side flaps and avoids deformation due to insufficient support when the side flaps are opened. At the same time, the U-shaped bracket can form a relatively large viewing window, and there is sufficient observation channel after the four flaps are opened.
[0013] Preferably, a rotating elastic element is provided between the second rotating part and the lower dilatation flap. The rotating elastic element can drive the lower dilatation flap to automatically reset when the upper rotating body removes the force, avoiding secondary stimulation of the vaginal wall caused by manual traction and resetting, and improving comfort after the operation.
[0014] Preferably, the lower part of the central support is provided with a handle, and the rear side of the upper rotating body is provided with a downwardly extending pressing part. When the pressing part and the handle are relatively close, the upper rotating body rotates upward around the central support. The pinching design of the handle and the pressing part is adapted to the hand movements of medical staff, and the opening operation can be completed with one hand, replacing the existing complicated adjustment steps, reducing operation fatigue, and is especially suitable for long-term examination scenarios.
[0015] Preferably, the upper rotating body further includes a frame-shaped part disposed between the expanding upper petal and the lower pressing part. The frame-shaped part extends downward and its upper two sides are hinged to the middle support body. The frame-shaped part connects the expanding upper petal and the lower pressing part to form a rigid support frame, which prevents the upper rotating body from deforming due to force and ensures the reliability of long-term use. At the same time, the frame-shaped part combined with the U-shaped bracket can form a relatively large viewing window, so that the observation channel after the four petals are opened is unobstructed.
[0016] Preferably, one side of the handle is provided with multiple positioning bars that gradually move towards the downward pressing part. The side of the downward pressing part is provided with a positioning buckle for engaging with any of the positioning bars. The positioning buckle cooperates with the buckles of different positioning bars to fix the dilator at any preset opening angle, eliminating the need for medical staff to continuously pinch and maintain it, thus freeing their hands for examination operations. Multiple bars are adapted to different vaginal sizes, such as the needs of adult women and teenage girls, improving the product's versatility.
[0017] Preferably, the positioning bars have different installation heights and a second inclined surface on their lower side. The end of the positioning buckle is provided with a hook-shaped part. Different positioning bar heights correspond to different opening angles, achieving step-like precise adjustment to meet the needs of refined diagnosis and treatment. The second inclined surface can guide the positioning buckle to smoothly engage and disengage from the bar, reducing jamming and reducing the force required for operation.
[0018] Preferably, the surface of the drive unit that contacts the first inclined surface is the third inclined surface. The contact area between the inclined surfaces is larger, avoiding local wear caused by point contact and extending the service life. At the same time, the inclined surface transmission can smoothly convert the rotational force of the upper rotating body into the lateral opening force of the expanding side petals, avoiding slippage and ensuring sufficient opening force on both sides.
[0019] Preferably, the upper dilatation flap, the side dilatation flap, and the lower dilatation flap are all cone-shaped. The cone-shaped flap is designed to be thin at the free end and thick at the base, which can reduce the squeezing resistance to the vaginal entrance during insertion and reduce the discomfort during insertion. At the same time, the cone-shaped structure can prevent the flap from excessively obstructing the field of vision, and the four-way expansion further expands the examination window.
[0020] Preferably, the upper, side, and lower expansion flaps are of the same size. When the flaps of the same size are opened, the coverage area is symmetrical, so that the upper and lower, left and right walls of the vagina are subjected to balanced force, avoiding excessive local force on one side due to the difference in the size of the flaps, and further improving comfort.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0022] The new four-flap structure employs a simple, interconnected mechanism that ensures uniform force on the vaginal walls in all four directions (up, down, left, and right), preventing localized compression and traction. The rounded ends can be designed to conform to ergonomic principles, facilitating smooth insertion during examination and significantly reducing patient pain, soreness, and the risk of mucosal damage. A specialized matching transmission structure for the dilating side flaps, the first inclined surface, and the drive unit replaces the indirect drive of the existing two-flap system, ensuring sufficient and controllable dilation force on both sides. This prevents the vaginal side walls from naturally adhering, fully exposing both sides of the cervix and the lateral wall area, reducing the risk of missed or misdiagnosed diagnoses. Furthermore, the four-directional dilation structure significantly expands the internal vaginal space. The upper, side, and lower dilation flaps are all conical, with a thinner free end and a thicker base, reducing pressure resistance at the vaginal entrance during insertion and minimizing discomfort. The conical structure also prevents excessive obstruction of the view, allowing insertion at any angle without adjustment, thus improving comfort. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a first-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a second-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a front sectional view of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 4 This is a top sectional view of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the central support body of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper rotating body of this utility model.
[0029] Figure label:
[0030] 1. Upper rotating body; 11. Expanding upper petal; 12. Frame-shaped part; 13. Pressing part; 14. Driving part; 15. Positioning buckle; 16. Arc-shaped end; 2. Expanding lower petal; 3. Middle support body; 31. Expanding side petal; 32. Handle part; 33. First inclined surface; 34. Positioning stop bar; 35. U-shaped bracket; 36. Arc-shaped bending reinforcement part; 37. First rotating part; 38. Second rotating part; 39. Second inclined surface. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.
[0032] like Figure 1-6As shown, this utility model provides a solution to various problems with existing two-lobed dilators. The present utility model provides the following technical solution: a gynecological examination dilator, comprising an upper rotating body 1 and a middle supporting body 3. The upper rotating body 1 is hinged to the upper part of the middle supporting body 3 and is provided with a forward-extending upper dilator 11. The lower part of the middle supporting body 3 is hinged to a forward-extending lower dilator 2. Forward-extending side dilators 31 are provided on the left and right sides of the middle supporting body 3. A first inclined surface 33 is provided at the root of each side dilator 31. The upper rotating body 1 is provided with a driving part 14 that matches the first inclined surface 33. The lower end of the driving part 14 abuts against the lower dilator 2. When the upper rotating body 1 rotates upward around the middle supporting body 3, the driving part 14 drives the side dilators 31 to open to both sides and simultaneously drives the lower dilator 2 to rotate downward and open. The free ends of the upper dilator 11, the side dilators 31, and the lower dilator 2 are all provided with... The device features an arc-shaped bending reinforcement 36. When the upper dilatation flap 11, the side dilatation flap 31, and the lower dilatation flap 2 are closed, the arc-shaped bending reinforcement 36 interlocks to form a rounded end 16. This new four-flap structure employs a relatively simple linkage structure, ensuring that the vaginal wall is subjected to uniform force in all four directions (up, down, left, and right), avoiding localized compression and traction. The rounded end 16 can be designed to conform to the shape of the human body, such as an ellipse or a circle, facilitating smooth insertion during examination and significantly reducing patient pain, soreness, and the risk of mucosal damage. A dedicated matching transmission structure for the side dilatation flap, the first inclined surface, and the drive unit replaces the indirect drive of the existing two-flap type, ensuring sufficient and controllable force on both sides, preventing the vaginal sidewalls from naturally adhering, and fully exposing both sides of the cervix and the side wall area, reducing the risk of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Furthermore, the four-way expansion structure significantly expands the internal space of the vagina, and in conjunction with the coordinated expansion of the upper, lower, and side flaps, forms a larger and more comprehensive effective field of vision.
[0033] Specifically, when the downward pressure of the driving part 14 is transmitted to the lower expansion lobe 2 through the point of action between it and the lower expansion lobe 2, the lower expansion lobe 2 will rotate downwards around the fulcrum between itself and the central support body 3, overcoming resistance, and ultimately achieving the effect of opening the lower expansion lobe. This rotation is synchronized with the action of the driving part 14 driving the expansion side lobe 31 to open to both sides, demonstrating a clever structural design. The driving part 14 is a protrusion integrally injection-molded from the upper rotating body 1, and is generally elongated. The first inclined surface 33 is formed on the inner side of the root of the expansion side lobe 31, with an angle of 30°-40°. In this embodiment, the maximum opening size between the upper expansion lobe 11 and the lower expansion lobe 2 can be 4-6 cm, and the maximum opening size of the expansion side lobe 31 can be 2-4 cm.
[0034] In this embodiment, the central support 3 includes a U-shaped bracket 35. The expanding side petals 31 are connected to the sidewalls of the U-shaped bracket 35. The upper end of the U-shaped bracket 35 is provided with a first rotating part 37 that is hinged to the upper rotating body 1. The lower part of the U-shaped bracket 35 is provided with a second rotating part 38 that is hinged to the lower expanding petal 2. The integrated structure of the U-shaped bracket 35 replaces the decentralized connection. The sidewalls are directly connected to the expanding side petals, which enhances the support strength of the side petals and prevents deformation due to insufficient support when the side petals are opened. At the same time, the U-shaped bracket 35 can form a relatively large viewing window. After the four petals are opened, there is a sufficient observation channel. The U-shaped bracket 35 is also an integral part of the central support 3.
[0035] In this embodiment, a rotating elastic element is provided between the second rotating part 38 and the lower dilatation flap 2. The rotating elastic element can drive the lower dilatation flap to automatically reset when the upper rotating body removes the force, avoiding secondary stimulation of the vaginal wall caused by manual traction and resetting, and improving comfort after the operation. Specifically, the rotating elastic element can be a torsion spring, and the material can be medical stainless steel 304. During installation, one end is embedded in the slot of the second rotating part 38 of the U-shaped bracket 35, and the other end is embedded in the groove of the lower dilatation flap 2.
[0036] In this embodiment, the lower part of the central support body 3 is provided with a handle part 32, and the rear side of the upper rotating body 1 is provided with a downwardly extending pressing part 13. When the pressing part 13 and the handle part 32 are relatively close, the upper rotating body 1 rotates upward around the central support body 3. The pinching design of the handle part 32 and the pressing part 13 is adapted to the hand movements of medical staff, and the opening operation can be completed with one hand, replacing the existing complicated adjustment steps, reducing operation fatigue, and is especially suitable for long-term examination scenarios. Specifically, the surface of the handle part 32 can be provided with anti-slip texture. For example, when the pressing part 13 and the handle part 32 are pinched together to a distance of 3-3.5cm, the upper rotating body 1 rotates at an angle of 14°-20°.
[0037] In this embodiment, the upper rotating body 1 also includes a frame-shaped part 12 disposed between the expanding upper petal 11 and the lower pressing part 13. The frame-shaped part 12 extends downward and the upper two sides of the frame-shaped part 12 are hinged to the middle support body 3. The frame-shaped part 12 connects the expanding upper petal and the lower pressing part to form a rigid support frame, which prevents the upper rotating body from deforming due to force and ensures the reliability of long-term use. At the same time, the frame-shaped part 12 combined with the U-shaped bracket 35 can form a relatively large viewing window, so that the observation channel after the four petals are opened is unobstructed. Moreover, the frame-shaped part 12 can also improve the overall strength of the upper rotating body 1. The hollow areas of the frame-shaped part 12 and the U-shaped bracket 35 completely overlap to form an unobstructed observation channel.
[0038] In this embodiment, one side of the handle portion 32 is provided with multiple positioning stops 34 that gradually approach the downward pressing portion 13. The side of the downward pressing portion 13 is provided with a positioning buckle 15 for engaging with any one of the positioning stops 34. The positioning buckle 15 engages with the buckles of different positioning stops 34 to fix the dilator at any preset opening angle, eliminating the need for medical personnel to continuously pinch and maintain it, thus freeing their hands for examination operations. The multiple stops are suitable for different vaginal sizes (such as adult women and adolescent girls). To meet the needs and improve product versatility, for example, the number of positioning bars 34 can be 3-5, with a spacing of 0.6-1.2cm between adjacent positioning bars 34. When the pressing part 13 and the handle part 32 are pinched together, the positioning buckle 15 slides along the inclined surface of the bar and is engaged with the nth bar. The upper rotating body 1 rotates by an angle of (n-1)×5°, the expansion side flap opens by (n-1)×4°, and the lower flap opens by (n-1)×5°. Medical staff can intuitively judge the opening angle by the number of bars.
[0039] In this embodiment, the positioning stops 34 are installed at different heights and have a second inclined surface 39 on their lower side. The end of the positioning buckle 15 is provided with a hook-shaped part. The different heights of the positioning stops 34 correspond to different opening angles, realizing step-by-step precise adjustment to meet the needs of refined diagnosis and treatment. The second inclined surface 39 can guide the positioning buckle 15 to smoothly engage and disengage from the stops, reducing jamming and reducing operating force. The angle of the second inclined surface 39 is 30°-40°, which reduces the resistance when the positioning buckle 15 engages.
[0040] In this embodiment, the surface of the drive unit 14 that contacts the first inclined surface 33 is the third inclined surface. The contact area between the inclined surfaces is larger, avoiding local wear caused by point contact and extending service life. At the same time, the inclined surface transmission can smoothly convert the rotational force of the upper rotating body into the lateral opening force of the expanding side petals, avoiding slippage and ensuring sufficient opening force on both sides. Specifically, the angle between the third inclined surface and the first inclined surface 33 is the same, which can be 30°-40°.
[0041] In this embodiment, the upper dilatation flap 11, the side dilatation flap 31, and the lower dilatation flap 2 are all conical flaps. The conical flaps are designed to be thin at the free end and thick at the base, which can reduce the squeezing resistance to the vaginal entrance during insertion and reduce discomfort during insertion. At the same time, the conical structure can prevent the flap from excessively obstructing the field of vision. Combined with four-way expansion, it further expands the examination window. The arc-shaped bending reinforcement 36 can improve the rigidity of the free end of the flap, prevent the flap from deforming during expansion, and ensure stable expansion effect. The arc design eliminates sharp edges, avoids scratching the vaginal mucosa, and reduces the risk of injury. Specifically, the arc-shaped bending reinforcement 36 can increase the bending strength of the free end of the flap to 30-35 MPa, and the arc edge avoids scratching the mucosa.
[0042] Meanwhile, the upper expansion flap 11, the side expansion flap 31, and the lower expansion flap 2 are all the same size. When the flaps of the same size are opened, the coverage area is symmetrical, so that the upper and lower, left and right walls of the vagina are subjected to equal force, avoiding excessive local force on one side due to the difference in the size of the flaps, and further improving comfort.
[0043] As a specific implementation scheme in this embodiment, the following example is provided:
[0044] Preoperative preparation: Remove the dilator from the sterile packaging. After removal, medical staff wear sterile gloves, hold the handle 32, and bring together the upper dilator flap 11, the lateral dilator flap 31, and the lower dilator flap 2. Apply medical lubricant (such as petroleum jelly) to the surface of the flaps.
[0045] Insertion and dilation: Slowly insert the joined valves into the patient's vagina to a depth of 5-6 cm, corresponding to 80% of the valve length. When the tip of the dilated upper valve 11 reaches 1-1.5 cm below the cervix, pinch the lower pressure part 13 and the handle part 32 together with one hand.
[0046] Pinch to the first positioning bar: the upper rotating body 1 rotates 5°, the dilating side flap 31 opens 4°, the dilating lower flap 2 opens 5°, forming the initial viewing window to observe the vaginal entrance area;
[0047] Continue kneading until the third positioning bar: the upper rotating body 1 rotates 15°, the expanding side flap 31 opens 12°, the expanding lower flap 2 opens 15°, and the viewing window area reaches 12cm. 2 The external os of the cervix and the vaginal fornix are fully exposed, allowing for examination using a colposcope;
[0048] For a wider field of view, pinch to the 5th setting: lateral lobe expansion 31 opens 20°, lower lobe expansion 2 opens 25°, window area 15cm. 2 Suitable for patients with a large cervix or a wide vagina.
[0049] Positioning and inspection: After the positioning buckle 15 is engaged with the target strip, the medical staff releases the force applied by hand, and the positioning buckle 15 is locked with the strip. The medical staff then operates the examination instruments (such as cervical forceps and scrapers) with both hands and takes samples or observes through the hollow window of the frame part 12 and the U-shaped bracket 35.
[0050] Reset and removal: After the inspection, press the elastic end of the positioning buckle 15 with your finger to disengage the hook-shaped part from the stop bar. The lower flap 2 of the dilator will slowly reset under the action of the torsion spring, and the side flaps will reset with the drive part 14. After the flaps are closed, slowly remove the dilator from the vagina to complete the operation.
[0051] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.
[0052] Furthermore, in this utility model, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically defined.
[0053] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixing" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0054] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope claimed by this utility model.
Claims
1. A dilator for gynecological examination comprising an upper rotating body (1) and a middle supporting body (3), characterized in that, The upper rotating body (1) is hinged to the upper part of the middle supporting body (3) and is provided with a forwardly extending expanded upper petal (11), the lower part of the middle supporting body (3) is hinged to a forwardly extending expanded lower petal (2), the left and right sides of the middle supporting body (3) are provided with forwardly extending expanded side petals (31), the roots of the expanded side petals (31) are provided with first inclined surfaces (33), the upper rotating body (1) is provided with driving parts (14) matched with the first inclined surfaces (33), the lower ends of the driving parts (14) abut against the expanded lower petal (2), when the upper rotating body (1) rotates upward around the middle supporting body (3), the driving parts (14) drive the expanded side petals (31) to open to the left and right sides and simultaneously drive the expanded lower petal (2) to rotate downward and open, the free ends of the expanded upper petal (11), the expanded side petals (31) and the expanded lower petal (2) are all provided with arc-shaped bending reinforcing parts (36), when the expanded upper petal (11), the expanded side petals (31) and the expanded lower petal (2) are closed, the arc-shaped bending reinforcing parts (36) are mutually spliced to form a circular arc end (16).
2. The speculum according to claim 1, wherein: The middle supporting body (3) comprises a U-shaped support (35), the expanded side petals (31) are connected to the side walls of the U-shaped support (35), the upper end of the U-shaped support (35) is provided with a first rotating part (37) hinged to the upper rotating body (1), the lower part of the U-shaped support (35) is provided with a second rotating part (38) hinged to the expanded lower petal (2).
3. The speculum according to claim 2, wherein: A rotating elastic member is arranged between the second rotating part (38) and the expanded lower petal (2).
4. The speculum according to claim 1, wherein: The lower part of the middle supporting body (3) is provided with a handle part (32), the rear side of the upper rotating body (1) is provided with a downwardly extending pressing part (13), when the pressing part (13) is relatively close to the handle part (32), the upper rotating body (1) rotates upward around the middle supporting body (3).
5. The speculum according to claim 4, wherein: The upper rotating body (1) further comprises a frame-shaped part (12) arranged between the expanded upper petal (11) and the pressing part (13), the frame-shaped part (12) extends downward and the upper two sides of the frame-shaped part (12) are hinged to the middle supporting body (3).
6. The speculum according to claim 4, wherein: One side of the handle part (32) is provided with a plurality of positioning ribs (34) gradually close to the pressing part (13), the side part of the pressing part (13) is provided with a positioning buckle (15) for buckling any one of the positioning ribs (34).
7. The speculum according to claim 6, wherein: The positioning ribs (34) are different in installation height and are provided with second inclined surfaces (39) on the lower sides, the end part of the positioning buckle (15) is provided with a hook-shaped part.
8. The speculum according to claim 1, wherein: The surface of the driving part (14) in contact with the first inclined surface (33) is a third inclined surface.
9. The speculum according to claim 1, wherein: The expanded upper petal (11), the expanded side petals (31) and the expanded lower petal (2) are all conical petals.
10. The speculum according to claim 9, wherein: The expanded upper petal (11), the expanded side petals (31) and the expanded lower petal (2) are the same in size.