Vertical gear grinding machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical gear grinding machine which comprises a lathe bed and a stand column assembly arranged on the back side of the lathe bed, the stand column assembly is provided with a main shaft assembly used for clamping a gear to be machined, and the main shaft assembly is arranged forwards in the horizontal direction. A gear grinding mechanism is arranged on the front side of the lathe bed and located on the side, in the transverse direction, of the lathe bed. The gear grinding mechanism comprises a gear grinding base, the side, facing the main shaft assembly, of the gear grinding base is provided with a gear grinding driving assembly with the overall axis arranged in the vertical direction, the output end of the gear grinding driving assembly is provided with a gear grinding wheel, and the height of the gear grinding wheel is matched with the height of the main shaft assembly; the bottom of the tooth grinding base is slidably mounted on the lathe bed through a first horizontal guide rail mechanism which is transversely arranged, and a linear driving mechanism which is transversely arranged is arranged between the tooth grinding base and the lathe bed. The grinding wheel has the advantages of being reasonable in structural design, capable of reducing the influence of bending moment on the grinding wheel, beneficial to improving machining precision and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gear grinding machine technology, and in particular to a vertical gear grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] A gear grinding machine is a machine tool used for precision machining of gear tooth surfaces. It is primarily used to finish milled or hobbed gears to improve tooth profile accuracy, surface finish, and gear meshing performance. Rough grinding and finish grinding are two key stages in gear finishing, responsible for removing excess material and achieving final precision, respectively. In existing technology, the gear to be machined is clamped on the gear grinding machine via a vertically mounted spindle, while the grinding wheel is horizontally arranged. For gears with certain parameters, the corresponding grinding wheel diameter is large and the weight is also heavy. Using a horizontal arrangement causes the grinding wheel shaft to bear a large bending moment, which affects machining accuracy during the grinding process. Moreover, the larger the grinding wheel diameter, the greater the impact on accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: how to provide a vertical gear grinding machine with a reasonable structural design that can reduce the influence of bending moment on the grinding wheel and improve machining accuracy.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A vertical gear grinding machine includes a bed and a column assembly disposed on the back side of the bed. The column assembly has a spindle assembly for clamping gears to be processed, and the spindle assembly is arranged horizontally forward. A gear grinding mechanism is disposed on the front side of the bed, and the gear grinding mechanism is located on one side of the bed in the transverse direction. The gear grinding mechanism includes a gear grinding base, and a gear grinding drive assembly is integrally arranged vertically on the side of the gear grinding base facing the spindle assembly. A gear grinding wheel is mounted on the output end of the gear grinding drive assembly, and the height of the gear grinding wheel matches the height of the spindle assembly. The bottom of the gear grinding base is slidably mounted on the bed through a first horizontally arranged guide rail mechanism, and a linear drive mechanism arranged in the transverse direction is provided between the gear grinding base and the bed.

[0006] In the above structure, because the axis of the grinding drive assembly is vertically oriented, the weight of the grinding wheel is applied to the grinding drive assembly along its axis. This reduces the bending moment exerted on the shaft by the grinding wheel, preventing radial runout during rotation and thus ensuring machining accuracy. Since this structure vertically oriented the grinding wheel's axis eliminates radial wobble by reducing the lever arm, the grinding wheel becomes more stable. Furthermore, the grinding drive assembly does not require further optimization in strength and accuracy to overcome bending moments, significantly reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the grinding drive assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom of the column assembly is slidably mounted on the bed via a longitudinally arranged second horizontal guide rail mechanism, and a longitudinally arranged linear drive mechanism is provided between the column assembly and the bed.

[0008] Furthermore, the column assembly includes a vertically arranged column and a head frame base. The head frame base is slidably mounted on the column via a vertically arranged first vertical guide rail mechanism. A vertically arranged linear drive mechanism is provided between the head frame base and the column. The spindle assembly is mounted on the head frame base.

[0009] In this way, the headstock base moves up and down along the first vertical guide rail mechanism under the action of the linear drive mechanism, thereby driving the spindle assembly to move up and down, thus adjusting the height of the gear to be processed to suit the processing needs.

[0010] Furthermore, the head frame base is provided with a rotatable rotary mechanism, the rotary axis of which is parallel to the axis of the main spindle assembly; the main spindle assembly is disposed on the rotary mechanism, and two are arranged symmetrically along the radial direction of the rotary mechanism.

[0011] In this way, two gears to be processed can be clamped at the same time by two spindle assemblies. By rotating the rotary mechanism, the positions of the two spindle assemblies can be changed, so that the two gears to be processed can be processed separately.

[0012] Furthermore, the headstock base has a first rotating hole arranged longitudinally in the bed, and the rotating mechanism includes a first rotating cylinder that is cylindrical in shape. The front end of the first rotating cylinder has a vertically arranged rotating disk. The spindle assembly is located inside the first rotating cylinder and passes through the rotating disk. The first rotating cylinder is rotatably mounted in the first rotating hole through a first rotating disk bearing, and a rotating drive mechanism for driving the first rotating cylinder to rotate is provided between the two.

[0013] Furthermore, the head frame base has a forward-facing head frame locking cylinder. The piston rod of the head frame locking cylinder is close to the rotary table, and a locking block is installed at its end. The locking block is located on the side of the rotary table away from the head frame base, and can press the rotary table tightly when the piston rod of the head frame locking cylinder is retracted. Multiple head frame locking cylinders are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotary table.

[0014] In this way, after the rotary table rotates to the processing position, the piston rod of the headstock locking cylinder retracts, which can press the locking block tightly onto the rotary table, thereby reliably fixing the rotary table and preventing the swaying during the processing from affecting the processing accuracy.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary stator assembly installed in the first rotary hole and permanent magnets evenly distributed circumferentially on the first rotary drum, wherein the permanent magnets and the rotary stator assembly constitute a rotary motor.

[0016] Furthermore, the grinding base is provided with a rotatable pitch adjustment mechanism on the side facing the spindle assembly, and the rotation axis of the pitch adjustment mechanism is arranged along the transverse direction of the bed; the grinding drive assembly is vertically arranged on the pitch adjustment mechanism.

[0017] In this way, by rotating the pitch adjustment mechanism around the horizontally set shaft, the tilt angle of the grinding wheel can be adjusted, thereby adapting to the grinding of helical gears.

[0018] Furthermore, the gear grinding base has a second rotary hole arranged transversely along the bed, and the pitch adjustment mechanism includes a second rotary cylinder that is integrally cylindrical. The end of the second rotary cylinder facing the spindle assembly has a vertically arranged pitch adjustment disk, and the gear grinding drive assembly is vertically arranged on the pitch adjustment disk. The second rotary cylinder is rotatably mounted in the second rotary hole through a second turntable bearing, and a pitch drive mechanism for driving the second rotary cylinder to rotate is provided between the two.

[0019] Furthermore, two sets of the gear grinding mechanism are arranged opposite each other along the transverse direction of the bed, and the two sets of the gear grinding mechanism are distributed on both sides of the spindle assembly.

[0020] In summary, this utility model has the advantages of reasonable structural design, which can reduce the influence of bending moment on the grinding wheel and improve machining accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this embodiment.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the column assembly.

[0023] Figure 3 and Figure 4 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional structural diagram.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary mechanism.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gear grinding mechanism.

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional structural diagram.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism on the other side.

[0028] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the pitch adjustment mechanism, pad, and slide. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to an embodiment employing the structure of the present invention.

[0030] In practical implementation: such as Figures 1-9 As shown, a dual-station gear grinding machine includes a bed 1 and a column assembly 2 disposed on the back side of the bed 1. The column assembly 2 has a spindle assembly 3 for clamping gears to be processed, and the spindle assembly 3 is arranged horizontally forward. The bed 1 has two sets of gear grinding mechanisms 4 arranged laterally opposite each other. The gear grinding mechanisms 4 are located on the front side of the column assembly 2 and distributed on both sides of the spindle assembly 3. The gear grinding mechanism 4 includes a gear grinding base 41. The side of the gear grinding base 41 facing the spindle assembly 3 has a gear grinding drive assembly 42 whose axis is integrally arranged vertically. A gear grinding wheel 43 is installed at the output end of the gear grinding drive assembly 42. The height of the gear grinding wheel 43 matches the height of the spindle assembly 3. The bottom of the gear grinding base 41 is slidably mounted on the bed 1 through a first horizontal guide rail mechanism 44 arranged laterally. A linear drive mechanism arranged laterally is provided between the gear grinding base 41 and the bed 1. In this embodiment, one of the grinding wheels 43 is a fine grinding wheel, and the other grinding wheel 43 is a coarse grinding wheel. Furthermore, to reduce the height of the grinding mechanism 4 while ensuring that the grinding mechanism 4 can be height-matched with the spindle assembly 3, this embodiment provides two X-axis bases on the bed 1. The bottom of the grinding base 41 is slidably mounted on the corresponding X-axis base via a horizontally arranged first horizontal guide rail mechanism 44.

[0031] Because the shaft of the gear grinding drive assembly is vertically oriented, the weight of the grinding wheel is applied to the drive assembly along its axis. This reduces the bending moment exerted on the shaft by the grinding wheel, preventing radial runout during rotation and thus ensuring machining accuracy. By vertically oriented the grinding wheel's shaft and reducing the lever arm, radial wobble is eliminated, resulting in a more stable grinding wheel. Furthermore, the gear grinding drive assembly does not require further optimization in strength and accuracy to overcome bending moments, significantly reducing manufacturing difficulty and cost. Additionally, with two sets of grinding mechanisms distributed on either side of the spindle assembly, the grinding wheels of both sets can simultaneously grind the gear, increasing grinding efficiency. Specifically, the gear to be processed can be rough-ground first using a coarse grinding wheel. The spindle drives the gear to be processed to rotate. Once the coarse grinding position rotates to the side where the fine grinding wheel is located, the fine grinding wheel can be used to fine-grind the gear. At this time, coarse grinding and fine grinding are performed on both sides of the gear at the same time, which greatly improves the efficiency of gear grinding.

[0032] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the bottom of the column assembly 2 is slidably mounted on the bed 1 via a longitudinally arranged second horizontal guide rail mechanism 21. A longitudinally arranged linear drive mechanism connects the column assembly 2 and the bed 1. The column assembly 2 includes a vertically arranged column 22 and a headstock base 23. The headstock base 23 is slidably mounted on the column 22 via a vertically arranged first vertical guide rail mechanism 24. A vertically arranged linear drive mechanism connects the headstock base 23 and the column 22. The spindle assembly 3 is mounted on the headstock base 23. Thus, the headstock base moves up and down along the first vertical guide rail mechanism under the action of the linear drive mechanism, thereby driving the spindle assembly to move up and down, thereby adjusting the height of the gear to be processed to suit processing needs.

[0033] A rotatable rotary mechanism 25 is provided on the headstock base 23, and the rotation axis of the rotary mechanism 25 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the bed 1. Two spindle assemblies 3 are arranged symmetrically along the radial direction of the rotary mechanism 25, and two spindle assemblies are mounted on the rotary mechanism 25. Two gears to be processed can be clamped simultaneously using the two spindle assemblies. By rotating the rotary mechanism, the positions of the two spindle assemblies can be interchanged, allowing the two gears to be processed separately.

[0034] The headstock base 23 has a first rotating hole arranged longitudinally in the bed 1. The rotating mechanism 25 includes a first rotating cylinder 251 that is cylindrical in shape. The front end of the first rotating cylinder 251 has a vertically arranged rotating disk 252. The spindle assembly 3 is located inside the first rotating cylinder 251 and passes through the rotating disk 252. The first rotating cylinder 251 is rotatably mounted in the first rotating hole through a first rotating disk bearing 253, and a rotating drive mechanism for driving the first rotating cylinder 251 to rotate is provided between the two. The headstock base 23 has a forward-facing headstock locking cylinder 26. The piston rod of the headstock locking cylinder 26 is close to the rotary table 252, and a locking block is installed at its end. The locking block is located on the side of the rotary table 252 away from the headstock base 23, and can press the rotary table 252 tightly when the piston rod of the headstock locking cylinder 26 is retracted. Four headstock locking cylinders 26 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotary table 26. After the rotary table rotates to the processing position, the piston rod of the headstock locking cylinder retracts, which can press the locking block tightly onto the rotary table, thereby reliably fixing the rotary table and preventing the swing during the processing from affecting the processing accuracy.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the column 22 has a Z-axis slide plate, which is mounted on the slider of the second horizontal guide rail mechanism 21. The headstock base 23 includes a front support plate 231 and a rear support plate 232 respectively disposed on the front and rear sides of the column 22. Both the front support plate 231 and the rear support plate 232 have two first vertical guide rail mechanisms 24 between them and the column 22. Side support plates 233 are connected to both sides of the front support plate 231 and the rear support plate 232. A vertically arranged linear drive mechanism, specifically a linear drive motor, is provided between the side support plate 233 and the column 22. The middle of the column 22 has a clearance hole that extends longitudinally along the bed 1. The front support plate 231 has a support cylinder extending toward the rear support plate 232, which is connected to the rear support plate 232. The first rotary hole is located inside the support cylinder. The column 22 is enclosed in the middle by the front support plate 231, the rear support plate 232 and the two side support plates 233, and the support cylinder is connected between the front support plate and the rear support plate. This allows the center of gravity of the headstock base 23 and the spindle assembly 3 installed on the headstock base to be located on the column 22, thereby making the overall structure more stable, reducing bending moment and helping to ensure machining accuracy.

[0036] The rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary stator assembly 27 installed in the first rotary hole and permanent magnets evenly distributed circumferentially on the first rotary cylinder 251. The permanent magnets and the rotary stator assembly 27 constitute a rotary motor.

[0037] like Figures 6-9 As shown, the grinding base 41 has a rotatable pitch adjustment mechanism 45 on the side facing the spindle assembly 3, and the rotation axis of the pitch adjustment mechanism 45 is arranged transversely along the bed 1; the grinding drive assembly 42 is vertically arranged on the pitch adjustment mechanism 45. By rotating the pitch adjustment mechanism around the transversely arranged axis, the tilt angle of the grinding wheel can be adjusted, thereby adapting to the grinding of helical gears.

[0038] The gear grinding base 41 has a second rotary hole arranged laterally along the bed 1. The pitch adjustment mechanism 45 includes a second rotary cylinder 451 that is cylindrical in shape. The end of the second rotary cylinder 451 facing the spindle assembly 3 has a vertically arranged pitch adjustment disk 452. The gear grinding drive assembly 42 is vertically arranged on the pitch adjustment disk 452. The second rotary cylinder 451 is rotatably mounted in the second rotary hole through a second turntable bearing 453, and a pitch drive mechanism for driving the rotation of the second rotary cylinder 451 is arranged between the two. The pitch drive mechanism includes a pitch stator assembly 47 installed in the second rotary hole and permanent magnets evenly distributed circumferentially on the second rotary cylinder 451. The permanent magnets and the pitch stator assembly 47 constitute a pitch drive motor.

[0039] In this embodiment, the pitch adjustment mechanism 45, where the fine grinding wheel is located, has a vertically arranged pad 454. A slide plate 456 is slidably mounted on the pad 454 via a vertically arranged second vertical guide rail mechanism 455. A vertically arranged linear drive mechanism is located between the slide plate 456 and the pad 454. In this embodiment, the linear drive mechanism is a lead screw and nut mechanism, and a drive motor is connected to the lead screw and nut mechanism. The gear grinding drive assembly 42 is vertically mounted on the slide plate 456.

[0040] The grinding base 41 has a grinding wheel locking cylinder 46 facing the spindle assembly 3. The piston rod of the grinding wheel locking cylinder 46 is close to the pitch adjustment disc 452, and a locking block is installed at its end. The locking block is located on the side of the pitch adjustment disc 452 away from the grinding base 41, and can press the pitch adjustment disc 452 tightly when the piston rod of the grinding wheel locking cylinder 46 is retracted. Four grinding wheel locking cylinders 46 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the pitch adjustment disc 452. In this way, after the grinding wheel is adjusted to a suitable angle, the pitch adjustment disc 452 can be fixed in the current position by the grinding wheel locking cylinder 46, thereby ensuring machining accuracy.

[0041] In this embodiment, except for the linear drive mechanism between the slide plate 456 and the pad 454 which uses a lead screw and nut mechanism, all other linear drive mechanisms use linear motors. The spindle assembly 3 and the gear grinding drive assembly 42 in this embodiment are both existing structures, each including a housing and a rotating shaft rotatably mounted within the housing via bearings. A stator assembly is disposed within the housing, and the rotating shaft has permanent magnets corresponding to the stator assembly. The permanent magnets and the stator assembly form a drive motor that drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vertical gear grinding machine, characterized in that, The application relates to a gear grinding machine, which comprises a machine bed (1) and a column assembly (2) arranged on the back side of the machine bed (1), wherein a spindle assembly (3) for clamping a gear to be machined is arranged on the column assembly (2) and extends horizontally and forwardly, a gear grinding mechanism (4) is arranged on the front side of the machine bed (1) and is located on one side of the machine bed (1) in the transverse direction, the gear grinding mechanism (4) comprises a gear grinding base (41), the gear grinding base (41) is provided with a gear grinding drive assembly (42) which extends vertically as a whole on one side of the spindle assembly (3), a gear grinding wheel (43) is arranged on the output end of the gear grinding drive assembly (42), the height of the gear grinding wheel (43) matches the height of the spindle assembly (3), the bottom of the gear grinding base (41) is slidably arranged on the machine bed (1) through a first horizontal guide rail mechanism (44) arranged in the transverse direction, and a linear drive mechanism arranged in the transverse direction is arranged between the gear grinding base (41) and the machine bed (1).

2. The vertical gear lapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom of the column assembly (2) is slidably arranged on the machine bed (1) through a second horizontal guide rail mechanism (21) arranged in the longitudinal direction, and a linear drive mechanism arranged in the longitudinal direction is arranged between the column assembly (2) and the machine bed (1).

3. The vertical gear grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The column assembly (2) comprises a column (22) arranged vertically and a headstock base (23), the headstock base (23) is slidably arranged on the column (22) through a first vertical guide rail mechanism (24) arranged vertically, a linear drive mechanism arranged in the vertical direction is arranged between the headstock base (23) and the column (22), and the spindle assembly (3) is arranged on the headstock base (23).

4. The vertical gear lapping machine according to claim 3, characterized in that A rotary mechanism (25) is arranged on the headstock base (23) and can rotate, the rotary axis of the rotary mechanism (25) is parallel to the axis of the spindle assembly (3), and the spindle assembly (3) is arranged on the rotary mechanism (25) and is symmetrically arranged in the radial direction of the rotary mechanism (25) and has two.

5. The vertical gear lapping machine according to claim 4, characterized in that The headstock base (23) is provided with a first rotary hole arranged in the longitudinal direction of the machine bed (1), the rotary mechanism (25) comprises a first rotary cylinder (251) which is cylindrical as a whole, one end of the first rotary cylinder (251) is provided with a rotary disc (252) arranged vertically, the spindle assembly (3) is located in the first rotary cylinder (251) and penetrates through the rotary disc (252), the first rotary cylinder (251) is rotatably arranged in the first rotary hole through a first rotary disc bearing (253), and a rotary drive mechanism for driving the first rotary cylinder (251) to rotate is arranged between the first rotary cylinder (251) and the first rotary hole.

6. The vertical gear lapping machine according to claim 5, characterized in that The headstock base (23) is provided with a headstock locking cylinder (26) arranged forwardly, a piston rod of the headstock locking cylinder (26) is close to the rotary disc (252), and a locking pressing block is arranged at an end of the piston rod, the locking pressing block is located at a side of the rotary disc (252) away from the headstock base (23), and the locking pressing block can press the rotary disc (252) in a retracted state of the piston rod of the headstock locking cylinder (26); a plurality of headstock locking cylinders (26) are arranged along a circumference of the rotary disc (252).

7. The vertical gear lapping machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotary driving mechanism comprises a rotary stator assembly arranged in the first rotary hole and permanent magnets arranged on the first rotary cylinder (251) in a circumferential direction, and the permanent magnets and the rotary stator assembly constitute a rotary motor.

8. The vertical gear lapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding gear base (41) is provided with a rotatable pitch adjusting mechanism (45) on a side facing the main shaft assembly (3), a rotary axis of the pitch adjusting mechanism (45) is arranged along a transverse direction of the bed (1), and the grinding gear driving assembly (42) is vertically arranged on the pitch adjusting mechanism (45).

9. The vertical gear lapping machine according to claim 8, characterized in that The grinding gear base (41) is provided with a second rotary hole arranged along a transverse direction of the bed (1), the pitch adjusting mechanism (45) comprises a second rotary cylinder (451) in a cylindrical shape, the second rotary cylinder (451) is provided with a pitch adjusting disc (452) arranged vertically at one end facing the main shaft assembly (3), and the grinding gear driving assembly (42) is vertically arranged on the pitch adjusting disc (452); the second rotary cylinder (451) is rotatably arranged in the second rotary hole through a second rotary disc bearing (453), and a pitch driving mechanism for driving the second rotary cylinder (451) to rotate is arranged between the second rotary cylinder (451) and the second rotary hole.

10. The vertical gear lapping machine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that The grinding gear mechanism (4) is arranged in two groups in a transverse direction of the bed (1) and on opposite sides of the main shaft assembly (3).

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