Battery insulation assembly and single battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery insulation assembly and a single battery, and belongs to the technical field of batteries, the battery insulation assembly comprises: a plastic main body provided with a through hole; the enclosure part is arranged on one side of the plastic main body, the enclosure part is arranged around the through hole, a flow guide channel is formed, and an opening is formed in the end, away from the plastic main body, of the flow guide channel; the bracket is arranged at the opening and is connected with the enclosure part; according to the invention, the periphery of the through hole is surrounded by the enclosure part, so that the electrolyte flows out from the opening of the flow guide channel, the bracket plays a role in buffering the electrolyte, and the impact force on the battery cell when the electrolyte falls is weakened. The guide channel plays a role in restraining and guiding the electrolyte, so that the electrolyte can keep away from the tabs and is prevented from washing welding slag or metal chips on the tabs to the battery cell or between the battery cell and the shell, thereby reducing the adverse effect on the battery cell and being beneficial to improving the electrical safety of the battery cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery technology, specifically relating to a battery insulation component and a single battery cell. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy technologies, power batteries, as core components of new energy vehicles, have gradually become a research focus in new energy technologies. During the manufacturing process of power batteries, electrolyte needs to be injected into the cells at high voltage through injection holes. During this process, the electrolyte directly washes over the cells, affecting their performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a battery insulation component, which aims to solve the technical problem that the electrolyte will directly wash into the battery cell during the current electrolyte injection process, thus affecting the battery cell; another objective of this application is to provide a single-cell battery.

[0004] Technical solution: The battery insulation assembly described in this application includes:

[0005] The plastic body has through holes.

[0006] A barrier section is provided on one side of the plastic body. The barrier section is arranged around the through hole and forms a flow channel. The end of the flow channel away from the plastic body has an opening.

[0007] A bracket is provided at the opening, and the bracket is connected to the enclosure.

[0008] In some embodiments, the flow channel has a first end and a second end, the opening is disposed at the first end, and the cross-section of the flow channel is the same at any position from the first end to the second end.

[0009] In some embodiments, the support includes a plurality of sub-sections, the flow channel has an axis, and the plurality of sub-sections are arranged around the axis and connected to each other.

[0010] In some embodiments, the support includes a plurality of sub-parts, at least one of the sub-parts being staggered with adjacent sub-parts and arranged along a first direction, the first direction being the thickness direction of the plastic body.

[0011] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the support protrudes outward from the flow channel into the opening.

[0012] In some embodiments, the bracket includes a flow guiding surface disposed on the side of the bracket away from the plastic body. The plastic body includes an insulating surface disposed opposite to the flow guiding surface. In a first direction, the distance between the flow guiding surface and the insulating surface is H mm, satisfying: 3.2 mm ≤ H ≤ 7 mm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the support divides the opening into a plurality of flow guiding regions, the sum of the areas of the plurality of flow guiding regions being S mm. 2 The condition is satisfied that S≥7.05mm. 2 .

[0014] Accordingly, a single-cell battery described in this application embodiment includes:

[0015] case;

[0016] Electrode assembly, disposed within the housing;

[0017] A cover plate is provided on the housing, and the cover plate is provided with a liquid injection hole;

[0018] The aforementioned battery insulation assembly is disposed within the housing and connected to the cover plate, with the injection hole communicating with the through hole.

[0019] In some embodiments, the single cell further includes a separator disposed on the electrode assembly and disposed opposite to the opening.

[0020] In some embodiments, the material of the separator is one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, or polyethylene terephthalate.

[0021] The battery insulation assembly of this application surrounds the through-hole with a baffle, allowing the electrolyte to flow out from the opening of the flow channel. The bracket acts as a buffer for the electrolyte, reducing the impact force on the battery cell when the electrolyte falls. The flow channel constrains and guides the electrolyte, allowing it to avoid the tabs and preventing the electrolyte from washing welding slag or metal filings from the tabs into the battery cell or between the battery cell and the casing. This reduces the adverse effects on the battery cell and helps increase its electrical safety. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1A perspective view of the battery insulation assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enclosure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an insulating component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the sub-parts and the enclosure part in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating another structure of the sub-part provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a single battery cell provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the isolation component provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. Cover plate; 11. Injection hole; 21. Plastic body; 210. Through hole; 211. Insulating surface; 22. Enclosure; 221. Flow channel; 222. Opening; 2220. Flow area; 3. Support; 31. Sub-part; 311. Flow surface; 4. Housing; 5. Electrode assembly; 6. Isolator. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "height," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, and "at least one" can mean one, two, or more, unless otherwise expressly specified.

[0034] As a preamble to the embodiments of this application, the existing cover plate assembly includes a cover plate and a lower plastic layer. The cover plate has an injection hole, and the lower plastic layer has a drain hole and a central through hole corresponding to the injection hole. During the injection process, the electrolyte flows out from the central through hole and the side drain hole. The electrolyte flowing out from the central through hole directly washes onto the battery cell, impacting it. The electrolyte flowing out from the side drain hole directly washes onto the battery cell's tabs and connecting pieces. The tabs have welding areas, and welding produces slag or metal filings. After the electrolyte washes over the tabs, the slag flows into the battery cell or between the battery cell and the casing, causing a short circuit in the battery cell.

[0035] It should also be noted that, in the appendices to the embodiments of this application... Figure 2 Appendix Figure 3 Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 In this description, the arrow marked with X indicates the first direction X of the battery insulation assembly. The first direction X is introduced to more clearly describe the structure and relative positional relationship of the components in the battery insulation assembly. In practical applications, the first direction X may change depending on the placement of the battery insulation assembly. In the description of this application, "perpendicular" means completely perpendicular to 90° or almost completely perpendicular, for example, an angle between 85° and 95° is considered perpendicular.

[0036] Please combine them together Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery insulation assembly of this application embodiment includes a plastic body 21, a retaining portion 22, and a bracket 3. The plastic body 21 has a through hole 210, which extends through the body along a first direction X, which is the thickness direction of the plastic body 21. The retaining portion 22 is disposed on one side of the plastic body 21, surrounds the through hole 210, and forms a flow channel 221. The flow channel 221 communicates with the through hole 210, and the end of the flow channel 221 away from the plastic body 21 has an opening 222. The bracket 3 is disposed at the opening 222 and connected to the retaining portion 22. The retaining portion 22 and the plastic body 21 can be integrally formed or have a separate structure, that is, the retaining portion 22 and the plastic body 21 are two independent components, fixed by means of heat fusion, bonding, etc. The bracket 3 and the enclosure 22 can be integrally formed or they can be separate structures, that is, the bracket 3 and the enclosure 22 are two independent parts, which are fixed by means of heat fusion, bonding or other methods.

[0037] As the electrolyte passes through the support 3, it is divided into multiple channels, reducing the impact force and thus protecting the battery cell. Simultaneously, the support 3 provides better support for the enclosure 22, preventing deformation. Furthermore, because the periphery of the through-hole 210 is surrounded by the enclosure 22, and there is a certain distance between the opening 222 and the plastic body 21, the electrolyte discharge point is separated from the plastic body 21, preventing the electrolyte from flowing outwards along the edge of the through-hole 210. This also creates a concentrated electrolyte flow, reducing diffusion and thus lowering the likelihood of the electrolyte washing welding slag or metal filings from the tabs into the battery cell or between the battery cell and the casing 4, thereby increasing the electrical safety of the battery cell.

[0038] Please combine them together Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the flow channel 221 has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other. An opening 222 is located at the first end, and the second end is opposite to the plastic body 21. The cross-section of the flow channel 221 is the same at any position from the first end to the second end, that is, the enclosure part 22 is a cylindrical structure. In this embodiment, any cross-section of the flow channel 221 perpendicular to the first direction X is circular. However, in other embodiments, any cross-section of the flow channel 221 perpendicular to the first direction X can also be elliptical or polygonal, as long as the dimensions of each cross-section are kept the same. Here, the dimensions refer to the nominal dimensions. In the actual measurement process, the actual measured dimensions fall within the allowable deviation range, rather than being required to be completely identical.

[0039] The enclosure 22 adopts a straight cylindrical structure, which can keep the electrolyte flow rate relatively uniform, so as to prevent the size of the opening 222 from affecting the flow rate and pressure due to increase or decrease. This helps to reduce the generation of turbulence, thereby reducing the possibility of electrolyte flowing to the tab.

[0040] Please combine them together Figure 4 and Figure 5In some embodiments, the support 3 includes multiple sub-parts 31, and the flow channel 221 has an axis, indicated by M in the figures. The multiple sub-parts 31 are arranged around the axis M and connected to each other. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the flow channel 221 perpendicular to the first direction X is circular, and the axis M passes through the center of any circular cross-section of the flow channel 221. In this case, the multiple sub-parts 31 are arranged around the axis M in a cross shape or a star shape, with the middle positions of the multiple sub-parts 31 connected to each other, and the multiple sub-parts 31 are flush with the side away from the plastic body 21. Alternatively, when the multiple sub-parts 31 are connected to each other, there is a certain staggered distance between them along the first direction X. The number of sub-parts 31 determines the amount of electrolyte diverted, which can make the diversion of electrolyte more fine and uniform. In other embodiments, when the cross-section of the flow channel 221 perpendicular to the first direction X is polygonal, such as rectangular, the axis M passes through the intersection of the diagonals of any rectangular cross-section of the flow channel 221.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the support 3 includes multiple sub-parts 31, at least one sub-part 31 is staggered with adjacent sub-parts 31 and arranged along a first direction X. That is, the multiple sub-parts 31 are distributed intersectingly on the same plane along the first direction X, either in a grid pattern or spaced apart along a second direction. Some or all of the sub-parts 31 may be spaced apart along the first direction X. The second direction intersects the first direction X, meaning that the first and second directions are distributed at an angle of 85°-95°, preferably 90°, on the same plane. The spaced arrangement of the sub-parts 31 along the first direction X can gradually weaken the impact force of the electrolyte and increase the range of local reinforcement of the enclosure 22. The sub-parts 31 and the enclosure 22 can be integrally formed or have a separate structure, i.e., the enclosure 22 and the sub-parts 31 are two independent components, fixed by heat fusion, bonding, or other methods.

[0042] Please combine them together Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, at least a portion of the support 3 protrudes outward from the flow channel 221 into the opening 222, meaning at least a portion of the support 3 is located outside the opening 222. During the electrolyte injection process, especially when using a positive or negative pressure injection process, if the tab or other components come into contact with the support 3, the portion of the support 3 extending outward from the opening 222 will block the tab, allowing a certain gap to be maintained between the tab and the opening 222, ensuring electrolyte flow and reducing the possibility of the opening 222 becoming blocked.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 5In some embodiments, the support 3 includes a flow guiding surface 311, which is disposed on the side of the support 3 opposite to the plastic body 21. The plastic body 21 includes an insulating surface 211, which is disposed opposite to the flow guiding surface 311. In the first direction X, the distance between the flow guiding surface 311 and the insulating surface 211 is H mm, satisfying: 3.2 mm ≤ H ≤ 7 mm. Specifically, H can be any value among 3.2, 3.96, 4.72, 5.48, 6.24, and 7, or a range between any two values. By limiting the distance between the flow guiding surface 311 and the insulating surface 211, the length of the flow guiding channel 221 is ensured. When the injection hole 11 is sealed later with a sealing nail, the lower end of the sealing nail can be located inside the flow guiding channel 221 to prevent interference between the sealing nail and the battery cell.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the support 3 divides the opening 222 into a plurality of flow guiding regions 2220, the sum of the areas of the plurality of flow guiding regions 2220 being S mm. 2 The condition is satisfied that S≥7.05mm. 2 By limiting the sum of the areas of the flow guiding region 2220, the flow rate of the electrolyte during injection is ensured and the flow velocity of the electrolyte is slowed down, thereby reducing the scouring force of the electrolyte on the battery cell. This is to prevent the flow guiding region 2220 from being too narrow, which would lead to an increase in the flow velocity of the electrolyte, an increase in the kinetic energy of the electrolyte, and a corresponding increase in the impact force on the battery cell.

[0045] For the flow guiding region 2220, the measurement method for its area S can be selected according to its shape. When the cross-section of the flow guiding channel 221 is a regular shape such as a circle or rectangle, after being divided by the bracket 3, the flow guiding region 2220 will be a fan shape or rectangle. The corresponding dimensions of the flow guiding region 2220 can be measured using measuring tools such as vernier calipers or micrometers, and the area S can be calculated using geometric formulas. If the flow guiding region 2220 has an irregular hole structure, it can also be measured using image processing. For example, an image of the flow guiding region 2220 can be acquired, the image can be loaded using image processing software, and the area S can be measured using the software. Alternatively, it can also be measured using projection. The image area of ​​the flow guiding region 2220 can be measured using projection measuring equipment (such as a digital microscope or image measuring instrument) to obtain the area S.

[0046] Please combine them together Figure 7 and Figure 8 Accordingly, the single battery provided in this application embodiment includes a housing 4, an electrode assembly 5, a cover plate 1, and a battery insulation assembly as described in the above embodiment. The electrode assembly 5 is disposed inside the housing 4. The electrode assembly 5 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.

[0047] A cover plate 1 is placed over the housing 4 to seal the electrode assembly 5 inside the housing 4. The cover plate 1 is provided with an injection hole 11, which extends through the housing 4 in a first direction X. The single cell also includes a positive electrode post and a negative electrode post, which are disposed on the cover plate 1 and are insulated from the cover plate 1. The positive electrode plate is connected to the positive electrode post through a positive electrode tab, and the negative electrode plate is connected to the negative electrode post through a negative electrode tab. The positive and negative electrode tabs are located on both sides of the axis of the injection hole 11.

[0048] The battery insulation component is located inside the housing 4 and connected to the cover plate 1. The liquid injection hole 11 is connected to the through hole 210.

[0049] Please combine them together Figure 7 and Figure 8 In some embodiments, the single cell includes a separator 6 disposed on the electrode assembly 5 and having electrical insulation properties. At least a portion of the separator 6 is disposed opposite to the opening 222. In this embodiment, the separator 6 can be connected to the electrode assembly 5 by adhesive bonding, and the orthographic projection of the separator 6 along the first direction X on the plastic body 21 can completely cover the opening 222.

[0050] During electrolyte injection, the electrolyte flows out through the injection hole 11, through hole 210, guide channel 221, and opening 222, and then falls onto the isolation member 6. The isolation member 6 prevents the electrolyte from directly scouring the electrode assembly 5, thus protecting the electrode assembly 5.

[0051] In some embodiments, the material of the insulating element 6 is one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI), or polypropylene terephthalate (PT), using different materials to meet different requirements for electrical insulation, heat resistance, and chemical resistance.

[0052] In some embodiments, in the first direction X, the orthographic projection of the through hole 210 on the cover plate 1 falls into the injection hole 11, that is, the through hole 210 and the injection hole 11 are directly opposite each other and directly connected. Since the through hole 210 and the injection hole 11 are directly opposite each other, the distance that the electrolyte flows through the injection hole 11 and the through hole 210 is limited to the shortest distance, which helps to improve the electrolyte injection efficiency. In some other embodiments, the through hole 210 may also be offset from the injection hole 11 in the second direction. In this case, a flow channel extending in the second direction can be provided in the plastic body 21 and / or the cover plate 1, and the injection hole 11 and the through hole 210 are connected through the flow channel. Due to the presence of the flow channel, the position of the through hole 210 can be set according to the position of the tab in different types of batteries, so that the through hole 210 and the tab are separated from each other, maintaining sufficient electrolyte flow space.

[0053] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0054] The battery insulation components and individual cells provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above, and specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A battery insulation assembly, characterized by, The application relates to a battery insulation assembly. The battery insulation assembly comprises a plastic body (21) provided with a through hole (210); a surrounding part (22) arranged on one side of the plastic body (21), wherein the surrounding part (22) surrounds the through hole (210) and is provided with a flow guide channel (221) having an opening (222) at one end away from the plastic body (21); and a support (3) arranged at the opening (222), wherein the support (3) is connected with the surrounding part (22). The flow guide channel (221) has a first end and a second end, the opening (222) is arranged at the first end, and the cross section of the flow guide channel (221) is the same at any position from the first end to the second end. The support (3) comprises a plurality of sub-parts (31), the flow guide channel (221) has an axis (M), and the plurality of sub-parts (31) are arranged around the axis (M) and connected with each other.

2. The battery insulating assembly of claim 1, wherein, The support (3) comprises a plurality of sub-parts (31), at least one of the sub-parts (31) is arranged staggered with the adjacent sub-parts (31) and arranged along a first direction (X), and the first direction (X) is the thickness direction of the plastic body (21).

3. The battery insulating assembly of claim 1, wherein, At least part of the support (3) protrudes outward from the flow guide channel (221) to the opening (222).

4. The battery insulating assembly of claim 1, wherein, The support (3) comprises a flow guide surface (311) arranged on the side of the support (3) away from the plastic body (21), the plastic body (21) comprises an insulation surface (211) arranged on the side of the plastic body (21) away from the support (3), and the distance between the flow guide surface (311) and the insulation surface (211) in the first direction (X) is Hmm, and 3.2mm<=H<=7mm is met.

5. The battery insulating assembly of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The application relates to a battery insulation assembly.

6. The battery insulating assembly of claim 5, wherein, The battery insulation assembly comprises a shell (4), an electrode assembly (5) arranged in the shell (4), a cover plate (1) arranged on the shell (4) and provided with a liquid injection hole (11), and the battery insulation assembly arranged in the shell (4) and connected with the cover plate (1), and the liquid injection hole (11) is communicated with the through hole (210).

7. The battery insulating assembly of claim 1, wherein, The support (3) separates the opening (222) into a plurality of flow guide regions (2220), and the sum of the areas of the plurality of flow guide regions (2220) is Smm 2 , satisfying: S≥7.05mm 2 .

8. A single cell characterized by The single battery further comprises a separation piece (6) arranged on the electrode assembly (5) and arranged opposite to the opening (222). The material of the separation piece (6) is one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide and polytrimethylene terephthalate. ​ ​ ​ 9. The cell according to claim 8, wherein ​ 10. The cell according to claim 9, wherein ​

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