Photovoltaic module disassembling equipment
By introducing a washing and screening device into the crusher, water flow and wind power are used to wash and screen the crushed photovoltaic panel particles, which solves the problems of material separation difficulty and dust generation in the existing technology, and improves the efficiency of photovoltaic module dismantling and material separation effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing crushers are difficult to effectively separate valuable materials such as copper, silicon, and EVA plastic during the dismantling of photovoltaic modules, and they are prone to generating dust during the crushing process, which reduces dismantling efficiency.
A crusher with a washing and primary screening device was designed, including a washing and filtering box and a blowing channel. The crushed photovoltaic panel particles are washed and screened by water flow and wind power to collect valuable plastics and other wastes, thus achieving primary screening.
It effectively prevents dust generation, improves dismantling efficiency, reduces the difficulty of subsequent screening, and achieves the initial separation and collection of valuable materials.
Smart Images
Figure CN224010791U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to waste photovoltaic module disassembling processing technical field especially relates to a photovoltaic module disassembling equipment. BACKGROUND
[0002] The photovoltaic module disassembling equipment is a complex system specially used for processing waste photovoltaic panels, which efficiently disassembles and recycles the waste photovoltaic panels through physical means, mainly including a frame disassembling machine, a glass removing machine, a shredder, a crusher and a separation equipment, etc. The frame disassembling machine fixes the photovoltaic panel by a mechanical arm or a special clamp, and separates the peripheral aluminum alloy frame from the photovoltaic panel body through cutting or peeling technology. The glass removing machine separates the glass layer on the surface of the photovoltaic panel from the internal material by high-temperature heating or chemical solvent, etc. Next, the shredder, as the first step of the crushing process, preliminarily crushes the large photovoltaic panel assembly by high-speed rotating blades. The crusher further crushes the material into smaller particles to ensure uniform particle size, facilitating subsequent separation. The separation equipment is responsible for separating the crushed back panel sheet material to extract valuable materials such as copper, silicon and EVA plastic. These devices achieve precise separation of materials through physical or chemical methods, laying a foundation for resource recycling.
[0003] Among them, the existing crusher only crushes the material into smaller material, and the valuable materials such as copper, silicon and EVA plastic are mixed together and difficult to separate. For example, the public CN219682787U discloses a pretreatment crushing device for industrial solid waste recycling. On the basis of the existing crusher, a secondary crushing mechanism is added. After the industrial solid waste processed by the crusher falls into the screening half cylinder through the guide plate, the drive motor drives the crushing shaft to rotate at high speed in the screening half cylinder through the drive belt pulley and the tension belt, and in the process of rotation, the fixed ring outside the crushing blade continuously hits and stirs the industrial solid waste in the screening half cylinder, thereby realizing secondary crushing treatment. Through the screening holes opened on the screening half cylinder, the industrial solid waste can be screened until the industrial solid waste in the screening half cylinder meets the pretreatment crushing requirement, thereby improving the crushing effect and efficiency of the industrial solid waste. Therefore, more time is needed to separate the valuable materials through the separation equipment in the later stage, which reduces the efficiency of photovoltaic module disassembly, and the photovoltaic panel and surface dust are easily caused to fly in the crushing process.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a crusher with cleaning, dust suppression and initial screening functions to solve the problem. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0005] The utility model provides a photovoltaic module disassembling equipment, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a photovoltaic module dismantling device, including a support frame. A drive motor and a crusher main unit are installed on the upper end of the support frame. The crusher main unit has a crushing roller structure inside its cavity, and the crushing roller shaft passes through the crusher main unit and is connected to a drive wheel. The drive motor shaft is connected to a transmission wheel, and a transmission belt connects the transmission wheel and the drive wheel. The upper end of the crusher main unit has a feed inlet communicating with the inner cavity, and the bottom of the crusher main unit has a discharge outlet communicating with the inner cavity. A washing and primary screening device is installed at the discharge outlet of the crusher main unit and is fixedly installed inside the support frame. The washing and primary screening device includes a washing and filtering box, and a washing filter plate is inclinedly installed in the upper part of the washing and filtering box. Above the plate, a diversion pipe is installed on the upper rear side of the flushing filter box. Multiple nozzles are evenly installed on the diversion pipe. A slag discharge pipe is installed through the bottom of the flushing filter box, and a filter cap is threaded onto the slag discharge pipe. Two water level sensors are installed on the upper and lower sides of one side wall inside the flushing filter box. A drain pipe is opened through the lower part of the same side of the flushing filter box, and an electric valve is installed. An outlet is opened in the middle of the other side of the flushing filter box. At the outlet, a blowing channel is installed on the side of the flushing filter box. A side outlet is opened on one side of the blowing channel, and a connecting component is installed outside the side outlet. A blowing branch pipe is installed on the other side of the blowing channel, and one end of the blowing branch pipe is connected to a connecting pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to a blower.
[0007] Furthermore, the nozzle is installed inside the flushing filter box, and a connector is connected through the middle of the flushing filter box to pass through it. The flushing filter box is connected to an external water pump hose.
[0008] Furthermore, the plurality of nozzles are tilted downward toward the center of the filter plate for rinsing.
[0009] Furthermore, a PLC controller is installed at the outer end of the rinsing filter box and is electrically connected to an external power supply. The PLC controller is also electrically connected to a drive motor, an external water pump, two water level sensors, an electric valve, and a blower.
[0010] Furthermore, the filter cap has a through hole in the middle, and a filter screen is installed in the through hole. The filter cap also has a threaded structure inside the through hole, and a secondary sealing cap is threadedly connected to it for sealing.
[0011] Furthermore, one end of the blower pipe is connected to one end of multiple auxiliary blower pipes, and the other end of the multiple auxiliary blower pipes is connected to the blower channel.
[0012] Furthermore, the rinsing filter plate has multiple small holes evenly distributed on its upper and lower surfaces, and the rinsing filter plate is tilted downwards towards the outlet position.
[0013] Further, the connecting assembly comprises a mounting frame installed at the side outlet, and a back-shaped connecting groove is formed at the outer end of the mounting frame, a plurality of locking screws are threadedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the mounting frame and penetrate into the connecting groove, and the connecting groove of the mounting frame can be sleeved with the external storage bag and locked by rotating the plurality of locking screws.
[0014] Further, the bottom of the washing filter box is funnel-shaped, and the upper water level sensor installed inside the washing filter box is at the same horizontal height as the bottom of the discharge outlet.
[0015] Compared with the related art, the photovoltaic module disassembling equipment has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] The broken and disassembled photovoltaic panel particles fall into the washing filter plate in the washing filter box from the discharge port, the external water pump is controlled by the PLC controller to input water from the connecting head to the shunt pipe, the water is sprayed from the plurality of spray heads, the broken and disassembled photovoltaic panel particles falling on the washing filter plate are washed, and dust flying is prevented, and the washed broken and disassembled photovoltaic panel particles slide to the discharge outlet under the pushing of the water flow.
[0017] The broken and disassembled photovoltaic panel particles fall into the washing filter plate in the washing filter box from the discharge port, the external water pump is controlled by the PLC controller to input water from the connecting head to the shunt pipe, the water is sprayed from the plurality of spray heads, the broken and disassembled photovoltaic panel particles falling on the washing filter plate are washed, and dust flying is prevented, and the washed broken and disassembled photovoltaic panel particles slide to the discharge outlet under the pushing of the water flow.
[0018] When the water in the washing filter box rises to the upper water level sensor, the PLC controller controls the equipment to stop working and carries out sedimentation and layering, and then the PLC controller controls the electric valve to be opened, so that the separated water and plastic particles in the upper part are discharged from the drain pipe, when the water level decreases to the lower water level sensor, the PLC controller controls the electric valve to be closed, the user rotates and unscrews the secondary sealing cover of the filter cap, the water at the bottom is filtered and flows out through the filter screen, and the mud and small disassembled photovoltaic panel fragments are intercepted, finally the filter cap is unscrewed, so that the mud and small disassembled photovoltaic panel fragments are discharged from the washing filter box, solid-liquid separation is used, and cleaning is facilitated.
[0019] In summary, by flushing the primary screening device, the broken disassembled photovoltaic panel particles fall into the flushing filter box from the discharge port for flushing treatment, dust is prevented, and the flushed broken disassembled photovoltaic panel particles slide to the discharge port under the push of the water flow and are discharged to the blowing channel, then the blowing channel is blown by the fan device, the plastic in the disassembled photovoltaic panel is blown and moved, the plastic in the waste is blown out from the side outlet and falls into the installed storage bag for collection, primary screening is completed, the difficulty of later screening is reduced, the efficiency of disassembled photovoltaic panel processing is improved, and finally the flushed waste liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation, facilitating processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 It is a whole installation schematic view of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 It is a flushing primary screening device schematic view of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 3 It is a left schematic view of the flushing primary screening device of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 4 It is a flushing filter box section view schematic view of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 5 It is an A place enlarged schematic view of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 6 It is a blowing channel schematic view of the utility model;
[0026] Figure 7 It is a connection assembly schematic view of the utility model.
[0027] Reference signs in the drawing: 1, support rack; 2, driving motor; 3, transmission belt; 21, transmission wheel; 4, crusher main machine; 41, feed inlet; 5, flushing primary screening device; 51, flushing filter box; 511, deslagging pipe; 512, filter cap; 5121, auxiliary sealing cap; 5122, filter screen; 513, electric valve; 514, discharge port; 515, water level sensor; 52, shunt pipe; 521, spray head; 522, connecting head; 53, flushing filter plate; 54, blowing channel; 541, blowing branch pipe; 5411, auxiliary blowing pipe; 542, connection assembly; 5421, mounting frame; 5422, locking screw; 5423, connecting groove; 543, side outlet; 55, fan device; 551, connecting pipeline; 56, PLC controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] Example one, by Figures 1-7The utility model provides a kind of photovoltaic module disassembly equipment, including support frame 1, drive motor 2 and breaker main machine 4 are installed on the upper end of support frame 1, and the inner chamber of breaker main machine 4 is provided with comminution roller structure, and comminution roller rotating shaft penetrates breaker main machine 4 and is connected with driving wheel, the rotating shaft of drive motor 2 is connected with transmission wheel 21, and transmission belt 3 is connected between transmission wheel 21 and driving wheel, the upper end of breaker main machine 4 is provided with feed inlet 41 and inner chamber through, and the bottom of breaker main machine 4 is provided with discharge outlet and inner chamber through, and flush primary screen device 5 is installed at the discharge outlet of breaker main machine 4, and flush primary screen device 5 is fixedly installed in support frame 1, flush primary screen device 5 includes flush filter box 51, flush filter box 51 is obliquely installed with flush filter plate 53 in upper portion, and flush filter plate 53 is above, and shunt pipe 52 is installed in flush filter box 51 rear upper side, multiple spray heads 521 are evenly installed on shunt pipe 52, flush filter box 51 bottom is provided with discharge pipe 511, and filter cap 512 is threadedly connected on discharge pipe 511, two water level sensors 515 are installed on the side wall of flush filter box 51, and water drain pipe is provided in flush filter box 51 same side end lower part, and electric valve 513 is installed, and discharge outlet 514 is provided in flush filter box 51 other side end middle part, and blow channel 54 is installed at discharge outlet 514, located flush filter box 51 side end.
[0029] Wherein, spray head 521 is installed in flush filter box 51, and the middle part is connected with connector 522, and flush filter box 51 is penetrated, and flush filter box 51 is connected with external water pump hose;PLC controller 56 controls external water pump to input water from connector 522 to shunt pipe 52, so that water is sprayed from multiple spray heads 521, and the broken disassembly photovoltaic panel particles falling on flush filter plate 53 are washed.
[0030] Wherein, multiple spray heads 521 are inclined downward to the middle part of flush filter plate 53;It is convenient for multiple spray heads 521 to wash the broken disassembly photovoltaic panel particles falling on flush filter plate 53.
[0031] Wherein, flush filter box 51 outer end is installed with PLC controller 56 and external power supply electric connection, and PLC controller 56 is also electrically connected with drive motor 2, external water pump, two water level sensors 515, electric valve 513 and fan device 55;Through PLC controller 56 control equipment whole working step.
[0032] The through hole is provided in the middle of the filter cover cap 512, and a filter screen 5122 is arranged in the through hole. A threaded structure is further arranged on the inner side of the through hole of the filter cover cap 512, and a secondary sealing cover 5121 is threadedly connected to the threaded structure. A user rotates and unscrews the secondary sealing cover 5121 of the filter cover cap 512, intercepts through the filter screen 5122, filters out the water liquid precipitated at the bottom, and intercepts the mud and small disassembled photovoltaic panel fragments. Finally, the filter cover cap 512 is unscrewed, so that the mud and small disassembled photovoltaic panel fragments are discharged to wash the filter box 51. Solid-liquid separation is used to facilitate cleaning.
[0033] The washing filter plate 53 is uniformly provided with a plurality of small holes on the upper and lower sides, and is inclined downward to the position of the discharge port 514. The water liquid is sprayed from the plurality of spray heads 521 to wash the broken disassembled photovoltaic panel particles falling on the washing filter plate 53, and prevent dust from being raised. The broken disassembled photovoltaic panel particles slide downward to the discharge port 514 under the pushing of the water flow.
[0034] The bottom of the washing filter box 51 is funnel-shaped, and the upper water level sensor 515 installed in the washing filter box 51 is at the same horizontal height as the bottom of the discharge port 514. When the water liquid in the washing filter box 51 rises to the upper water level sensor 515, the upper water level sensor 515 sends a signal to the PLC controller 56, so as to control the driving motor 2, the external water pump and the fan device 55 to stop working, so that the waste water in the washing filter box 51 is precipitated. The mud and small disassembled photovoltaic panel fragments precipitate downward, and the plastic in the disassembled photovoltaic panel floats on the top. In the later period, the electric valve 513 is opened by the PLC controller 56 to control, so that the upper water liquid and plastic particles are discharged from the drain pipe.
[0035] In example two, on the basis of example one, a side outlet 543 is provided at one side end of the blowing channel 54, and a connecting assembly 542 is installed outside the side outlet 543. A blowing branch pipe 541 is installed at the other side end of the blowing channel 54, and one end of a connecting pipeline 551 is connected to the blowing branch pipe 541. The other end of the connecting pipeline 551 is connected to the fan device 55.
[0036] Specifically, the PLC controller 56 controls the fan device 55 to work, extracts external air, blows air to the blowing pipeline, and divides the air into the blowing branch pipe 541, so that the air is blown to the blowing channel 54 from the plurality of secondary blowing pipes 5411. The sliding broken waste in the blowing channel 54 is distributed in a scattered manner. Under the action of the air force, the plastic in the disassembled photovoltaic panel is blown up and moved. The plastic in the waste is blown out of the side outlet 543 and falls into the installed storage bag for collection. Primary screening is completed, the difficulty of later screening is reduced, and the efficiency of disassembled photovoltaic panel processing is improved.
[0037] One end of the blower 541 is connected to one end of multiple auxiliary blower pipes 5411, and the other end of the multiple auxiliary blower pipes 5411 is connected to the blower channel 54. Air enters the blower 541 and is diverted, so that it is blown from the multiple auxiliary blower pipes 5411 to the blower channel 54.
[0038] In Example 3, based on Example 2, the connecting component 542 includes a mounting frame 5421, which is installed at the side outlet 543. The outer end of the mounting frame 5421 is provided with a U-shaped connecting groove 5423. Multiple locking screws 5422 are threaded to the upper and lower ends of the mounting frame 5421 and pass through the connecting groove 5423.
[0039] Specifically, the opening of the external storage bag is inserted into the connecting groove 5423 of the mounting frame, and then the multiple locking screws 5422 of the mounting frame are rotated to lock and fix the opening of the storage bag in the connecting groove 5423.
[0040] The mounting frame 5421 has an external storage bag that can be inserted into the connecting groove 5423 and locked by rotating multiple locking screws 5422; the opening of the storage bag is locked by multiple locking screws 5422 to prevent it from coming off.
[0041] Working principle:
[0042] Before use, insert the opening of the outer storage bag into the connecting groove 5423 of the mounting frame, and then rotate the multiple locking screws 5422 of the mounting frame to lock and fix the opening of the storage bag in the connecting groove 5423.
[0043] In use, the device is controlled to work by the PLC controller 56, the disassembled photovoltaic panels are poured into the crusher main machine 4 from the feed inlet 41, the drive motor 2 drives the crushing roller in the crusher main machine 4 to crush the disassembled photovoltaic panels through the transmission belt 3, the crushed disassembled photovoltaic panel particles fall into the washing filter box 51 from the discharge outlet, fall onto the washing filter plate 53, and the PLC controller 56 controls the external water pump to input water from the connecting head 522 to the shunt pipe 52, so that the water is sprayed from the multiple spray heads 521, the crushed disassembled photovoltaic panel particles falling on the washing filter plate 53 are washed, and dust is prevented, the washed crushed disassembled photovoltaic panel particles slide to the discharge outlet 514 under the push of the water flow, and the washed waste liquid falls to the bottom of the washing filter box 51, the washed crushed disassembled photovoltaic panel particles enter the blowing channel 54, at this time the PLC controller 56 controls the fan device 55 to work (the speed of the motor of the fan device 55 can be controlled by the PLC controller 56 to adjust the size of the wind), external air is extracted and blown into the blowing pipeline, the air enters the blowing shunt pipe 541 and is shunted so as to be blown from the multiple secondary blowing pipes 5411 to the blowing channel 54, the sliding crushed waste in the blowing channel 54 is distributed in a scattered manner, under the action of the wind, the plastic in the disassembled photovoltaic panels is blown and moved, the plastic in the waste is blown out of the side outlet 543 and falls into the installed storage bag for collection, primary screening is completed, the difficulty of later screening is reduced, and the efficiency of disassembled photovoltaic panel processing is improved;
[0044] When the water in the washing filter box 51 rises to the upper water level sensor 515, the upper water level sensor 515 sends a signal to the PLC controller 56, so as to control the drive motor 2, the external water pump and the fan device 55 to stop working, so that the waste water in the washing filter box 51 is precipitated, the mud and smaller disassembled photovoltaic panel fragments precipitate downward, and the plastic in the disassembled photovoltaic panels floats on the top, and later the PLC controller 56 controls the electric valve 513 to be opened, so that the upper water and plastic particles are discharged from the drain pipe, when the water level decreases to the lower water level sensor 515, the lower water level sensor 515 sends a signal to the PLC controller 56, the PLC controller 56 controls the electric valve 513 to be closed, the user rotates and unscrews the secondary sealing cover 5121 of the filter cover cap 512, intercepts through the filter screen 5122, filters the water at the bottom to flow out, and the mud and smaller disassembled photovoltaic panel fragments are intercepted, finally the filter cover cap 512 is unscrewed, so that the mud and smaller disassembled photovoltaic panel fragments are discharged from the washing filter box 51, and solid-liquid separation is used, which is convenient for cleaning.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module dismantling device, comprising a support frame (1), wherein a drive motor (2) and a crusher host (4) are mounted on the upper end of the support frame (1), the inner cavity of the crusher host (4) is provided with a crushing roller structure, and the crushing roller shaft passes through the crusher host (4) and is connected to a drive wheel, the drive motor (2) shaft is connected to a transmission wheel (21), and a transmission belt (3) is connected between the transmission wheel (21) and the drive wheel, the upper end of the crusher host (4) is provided with a feed inlet (41) communicating with the inner cavity, and the bottom of the crusher host (4) is provided with a discharge outlet communicating with the inner cavity, characterized in that: The main crusher (4) is equipped with a flushing and screening device (5) at the discharge port, and the flushing and screening device (5) is fixedly installed inside the support frame (1). The primary rinsing and screening device (5) includes a rinsing filter box (51). A rinsing filter plate (53) is installed obliquely in the upper part of the rinsing filter box (51). A diversion pipe (52) is installed above the rinsing filter plate (53) on the upper rear side of the rinsing filter box (51). Multiple nozzles (521) are evenly installed on the diversion pipe (52). A slag discharge pipe (511) is installed through the bottom of the rinsing filter box (51). A filter cap (512) is threaded onto the slag discharge pipe (511). Two water level sensors (515) are installed vertically on one side wall inside the rinsing filter box (51). A drain pipe is provided through the part and an electric valve (513) is installed. An outlet (514) is provided in the middle of the other end of the flushing filter box (51). At the outlet (514), a blowing channel (54) is installed on the side end of the flushing filter box (51). A side outlet (543) is provided on one side end of the blowing channel (543). A connecting component (542) is installed outside the side outlet (543). A blowing branch pipe (541) is installed on the other side end of the blowing channel (54). One end of the blowing branch pipe (541) is connected to a connecting pipe (551). The other end of the connecting pipe (551) is connected to a fan device (55).
2. The photovoltaic module dismantling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle (521) is installed inside the flushing filter box (51), and a connector (522) is connected through the middle to pass through the flushing filter box (51). The flushing filter box (51) is connected to an external water pump hose.
3. The photovoltaic module dismantling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of nozzles (521) are tilted downward toward the center of the rinsing filter plate (53).
4. The photovoltaic module dismantling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer end of the flushing filter box (51) is equipped with a PLC controller (56) which is electrically connected to an external power supply. The PLC controller (56) is also electrically connected to the drive motor (2), external water pump, two water level sensors (515), electric valve (513) and fan device (55).
5. A photovoltaic module dismantling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter cap (512) has a through hole in the middle, and a filter screen (5122) is provided in the through hole. The filter cap (512) also has a threaded structure inside the through hole and is threadedly connected to a secondary sealing cap (5121) for sealing.
6. The photovoltaic module dismantling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the blower pipe (541) is connected to one end of a plurality of auxiliary blower pipes (5411), and the other end of the plurality of auxiliary blower pipes (5411) is connected to the blower channel (54).
7. A photovoltaic module dismantling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flushing filter plate (53) has multiple small holes evenly distributed on its upper and lower sides, and the flushing filter plate (53) is tilted downwards towards the outlet (514).
8. A photovoltaic module dismantling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting component (542) includes a mounting frame (5421), which is installed at the side outlet (543). The mounting frame (5421) has a U-shaped connecting groove (5423) at its outer end. Multiple locking screws (5422) are threaded to the upper and lower ends of the mounting frame (5421) and pass through the connecting groove (5423). An external storage bag can be inserted into the connecting groove (5423) of the mounting frame (5421) and locked by rotating the multiple locking screws (5422).
9. A photovoltaic module dismantling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the flushing filter box (51) is funnel-shaped, and the upper water level sensor (515) installed inside the flushing filter box (51) is at the same level as the bottom of the outlet (514).