Smoke dust discharging device and metal powder 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a smoke dust discharge device and a metal powder 3D printer, the smoke dust discharge device comprises a forming bin, two opposite side walls of the forming bin are a first side wall and a second side wall respectively, an upper air inlet mechanism and a lower air inlet mechanism are arranged on the first side wall, and an air discharge mechanism is arranged on the second side wall; a first upper cavity and a first lower cavity are vertically arranged on the side, close to the first side wall, in the forming bin in a separated mode, the upper air inlet mechanism communicates with the forming bin through the first upper cavity, the lower air inlet assembly communicates with the forming bin through the first lower cavity, and a second cavity is arranged at the bottom end of the side, close to the second side wall, in the forming bin. The exhaust mechanism communicates with the forming bin through the second cavity. A plurality of upper air inlet ducts, lower air inlet ducts and air exhaust ducts which are arranged side by side are correspondingly formed in the upper air inlet mechanism, the lower air inlet mechanism and the air exhaust mechanism correspondingly, smoke dust in the forming bin is sucked away and exhausted orderly through mutual cooperation of the upper air inlet ducts, the lower air inlet ducts and the air exhaust ducts, and therefore the printing quality of workpieces is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to 3D printer technical field, concretely relates to a smoke dust discharging device and metal powder 3D printer. BACKGROUND

[0002] When the laser selected metal powder 3D printer is printing, the laser melting metal can produce a large amount of smoke dust in the forming bin, because the internal space of the forming bin is larger, so it is necessary to set up the air inlet mechanism and the air outlet mechanism of larger volume on the opposite sides of the forming bin respectively, cooperate with the larger wind power to carry out dust removal, but the internal structure of the air inlet mechanism and the air outlet mechanism of the existing metal powder 3D printer is the single air duct pipe body structure, so that the smoke in the internal of the forming bin is easy to form the cyclone, thereby cannot orderly and efficiently and quickly follow the airflow and discharge to the outside, and then when the 3D printer stops printing, the smoke dust retained in the forming bin can drop in the workpiece, influence the workpiece quality. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0003] The utility model aims at providing a smoke dust discharging device to solve the above-mentioned technical problem.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a smoke dust discharging device, comprising a forming bin, the top of which is provided with a plurality of groups of laser galvanometer, and the bottom of which is provided with a dust collecting mechanism;

[0005] The opposite side walls of the forming bin are a first side wall and a second side wall respectively, the first side wall is provided with an upper air inlet mechanism and a lower air inlet mechanism, and the second side wall is provided with an air outlet mechanism;

[0006] The side of the forming bin close to the first side wall is provided with a first upper chamber and a first lower chamber in up-down separation, the upper air inlet mechanism is communicated with the forming bin through the first upper chamber, the lower air inlet assembly is communicated with the forming bin through the first lower chamber, the bottom end of the side of the forming bin close to the second side wall is provided with a second chamber, and the air outlet mechanism is communicated with the forming bin through the second chamber;

[0007] A plurality of upper air inlet air ducts, lower air inlet air ducts and air outlet air ducts are formed in the upper air inlet mechanism, the lower air inlet mechanism and the air outlet mechanism respectively, and the smoke dust in the forming bin is orderly sucked and discharged through the cooperation of the upper air inlet air ducts, the lower air inlet air ducts and the air outlet air ducts.

[0008] Preferably, the upper air inlet mechanism comprises a diffusion uniform flow pipe, an air inlet main pipe and a plurality of connecting sub-pipes connected between the diffusion uniform flow pipe and the air inlet main pipe in parallel, the upper air inlet air duct is located in the connecting sub-pipe, the air outlet end of the diffusion uniform flow pipe is installed on the first side wall, and the opening of the diffusion uniform flow pipe gradually increases along the airflow direction.

[0009] Preferably, the arrangement direction of the connecting sub-pipe is perpendicular to the airflow direction of the connecting sub-pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of flow guide frames are installed side by side on the first side wall in the first upper chamber, the flow guide frames are arranged opposite to the air outlet end of the diffusion uniform flow pipe, the flow guide frame comprises a V-shaped plate, the V-shaped opening of the V-shaped plate faces one side of the forming bin, and a plurality of V-shaped holes are arranged side by side on the V-shaped plate.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of circular through holes are arranged on the cavity wall of the first upper chamber near one side of the forming bin, and the plurality of circular through holes are arranged in a matrix; a plurality of square through holes are arranged on the cavity wall of the first lower chamber near one side of the forming bin, and the plurality of square through holes are arranged in a matrix; and a plurality of runway-shaped through holes are arranged on the cavity wall of the second chamber near one side of the forming bin, and the plurality of runway-shaped through holes are arranged in a matrix.

[0012] Preferably, the lower air inlet mechanism comprises a cuboid channel and a lower air inlet main channel connected to one end of the length direction of the cuboid channel, the air outlet end of the cuboid channel is installed on the first side wall, a plurality of air inlet partition plates are arranged in the length direction in the cuboid channel, and the lower air inlet air duct is formed between two adjacent air inlet partition plates.

[0013] Preferably, the air inlet partition plate comprises an arc segment and a straight line segment arranged in the airflow direction, and the arc segment is arranged close to the lower air inlet main channel.

[0014] Preferably, the air exhaust mechanism comprises an air exhaust channel and an air exhaust partition plate arranged in the air exhaust channel, the air exhaust air duct is formed between two adjacent air exhaust partition plates, the opening of the air exhaust channel gradually decreases along the airflow direction, and the air exhaust partition plate is arranged close to the center along the airflow direction.

[0015] The utility model also provides a metal powder 3D printer, including any above-mentioned smoke and dust exhaust device.

[0016] The utility model has the advantages of the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The utility model makes that airflow can be blown into the forming bin from the upper air inlet air duct of the upper air inlet mechanism and the lower air inlet air duct of the lower air inlet mechanism at one end of the forming bin in parallel, prevents the airflow from forming a vortex in the upper air inlet mechanism and the lower air inlet mechanism, further prevents the smoke generated by laser vibration mirror laser melting metal in the forming bin from forming a vortex, and the smoke is finally sucked and discharged to the outside in parallel through the lower air inlet air duct of the air exhaust mechanism at the bottom of the other end of the forming bin, prevents the smoke remaining in the forming bin from falling into the workpiece when the 3D printer stops printing, and improves the printing quality of the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is the appearance schematic view of the embodiment of the utility model in one visual angle.

[0019] Figure 2 is the appearance schematic view of the embodiment of the utility model from another perspective.

[0020] Figure 3 is the longitudinal section view of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 is the transverse section view of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 is the appearance schematic view of the upper air inlet mechanism of the embodiment of the utility model from one perspective.

[0023] Figure 6 is the appearance schematic view of the upper air inlet mechanism of the embodiment of the utility model from another perspective.

[0024] Figure 7 is the structure schematic view of the lower air inlet mechanism of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 8 is the structure schematic view of the flow guide frame of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Fig. 1 is a forming bin, 2 is a laser galvanometer, 3 is a dust collection mechanism, 4 is a first side wall, 5 is a second side wall, 6 is an upper air inlet mechanism, 61 is an air inlet main pipe, 62 is a connecting secondary pipe, 63 is a diffusion uniform flow pipe, 64 is an upper air inlet air duct, 7 is a lower air inlet mechanism, 71 is a cuboid channel, 72 is a lower air inlet main channel, 73 is an air inlet partition plate, 74 is a lower air inlet air duct, 8 is an air exhaust mechanism, 81 is an air exhaust channel, 82 is an air exhaust partition plate, 83 is an air exhaust air duct, 9 is a first upper chamber, 10 is a first lower chamber, 11 is a second chamber, 12 is a flow guide frame, 121 is a V-shaped plate, 122 is a V-shaped hole, 13 is a circular through hole, 14 is a square through hole, 15 is a racetrack-shaped through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To further illustrate the embodiments, the utility model provides the drawings. These drawings are part of the utility model disclosure, which mainly serves to illustrate the embodiments, and can be combined with the relevant description of the specification to explain the operation principle of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, those skilled in the art should understand other possible embodiments and the advantages of the utility model. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are usually used to represent similar components.

[0028] In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more than two;The orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the utility model, it should be pointed out that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected;It can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected;It can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary skilled persons in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] Referring to Figures 1-8 As shown in the utility model, an embodiment of the utility model provides a smoke exhaust device, specifically a smoke exhaust device for a metal powder 3D printer, comprising a forming bin 1, a plurality of groups of laser galvanometer mirrors 2 are arranged on the top of the forming bin 1, and a dust collecting mechanism 3 is arranged on the bottom of the forming bin 1;

[0031] The opposite two side walls of the forming bin 1 are a first side wall 4 and a second side wall 5, respectively, the first side wall 4 is provided with an upper air inlet mechanism 6 and a lower air inlet mechanism 7, and the second side wall 5 is provided with an air exhaust mechanism 8;

[0032] A first upper chamber 9 and a first lower chamber 10 are arranged on one side of the forming bin 1 close to the first side wall 4 and are separated upwards and downwards, the upper air inlet mechanism 6 is communicated with the forming bin 1 through the first upper chamber 9, the lower air inlet assembly is communicated with the forming bin 1 through the first lower chamber 10, the bottom end of one side of the forming bin 1 close to the second side wall 5 is provided with a second chamber 11, and the air exhaust mechanism 8 is communicated with the forming bin 1 through the second chamber 11;

[0033] A plurality of upper air inlet air ducts 64, lower air inlet air ducts 74 and air exhaust air ducts 83 are formed in the upper air inlet mechanism 6, the lower air inlet mechanism 7 and the air exhaust mechanism 8, respectively, and are arranged side by side, and the upper air inlet air ducts 64, the lower air inlet air ducts 74 and the air exhaust air ducts 83 are matched with each other to realize orderly suction and exhaust of the smoke in the forming bin 1.

[0034] The above technical scheme enables the airflow to be blown into the forming bin 1 in parallel and uniformly from the upper air inlet duct 64 of the upper air inlet mechanism 6 and the lower air inlet duct 74 of the lower air inlet mechanism 7 at one end of the forming bin 1, prevents the airflow from forming a vortex in the upper air inlet mechanism 6 and the lower air inlet mechanism 7, further prevents the smoke generated by the laser mirror 2 laser melting metal in the forming bin 1 from forming a vortex, and the smoke is finally sucked out to the outside in parallel and uniformly through the lower air inlet duct 74 of the exhaust mechanism 8 at the bottom of the other end of the forming bin 1, preventing the smoke remaining in the forming bin 1 from falling into the workpiece when the 3D printer stops printing, thereby improving the printing quality of the workpiece.

[0035] In the embodiment, the upper air inlet mechanism 6 includes a diffusion uniform flow pipe 63, an air inlet main pipe 61, and a plurality of connection sub-pipes 62 connected in parallel between the diffusion uniform flow pipe 63 and the air inlet main pipe 61, the upper air inlet duct 64 is located in the connection sub-pipe 62, the air outlet end of the diffusion uniform flow pipe 63 is installed on the first side wall 4, the opening of the diffusion uniform flow pipe 63 gradually increases along the airflow direction, the wind speed of the airflow is reduced, the wind power is diffused, and the vortex generated when the first air inlet mechanism and the second air inlet mechanism work is eliminated in a larger range. The first side wall 4 and the second side wall 5 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the forming bin 1, the connection sub-pipes 62 are arranged in the front-rear direction, the airflow direction of the connection sub-pipes 62 is the left-right direction, that is, the arrangement direction of the connection sub-pipes 62 is perpendicular to the airflow direction of the connection sub-pipes 62, further ensuring that the airflow of the upper air inlet mechanism 6 can stably flow into the forming bin 1, and avoiding the generation of a vortex.

[0036] In the embodiment, a plurality of flow guide frames 12 are installed in parallel on the first side wall 4 in the first upper chamber 9, the flow guide frame 12 is oppositely arranged with the air outlet end of the diffusion uniform flow pipe 63, the flow guide frame 12 includes a V-shaped plate 121, the V-shaped opening of the V-shaped plate 121 faces one side of the forming bin 1, and a plurality of V-shaped holes 122 are arranged in parallel on the V-shaped plate 121. A plurality of circular through holes 13 are arranged on the cavity wall of the first upper chamber 9 close to one side of the forming bin 1, and the plurality of circular through holes 13 are arranged in a matrix; a plurality of square through holes 14 are arranged on the cavity wall of the first lower chamber 10 close to one side of the forming bin 1, and the plurality of square through holes 14 are arranged in a matrix; a plurality of runway-shaped through holes 15 are arranged on the cavity wall of the second chamber 11 close to one side of the forming bin 1, and the plurality of runway-shaped through holes 15 are arranged in a matrix. That is, the airflow out of the air outlet end of the diffusion uniform flow pipe 63 of the upper air inlet mechanism 6 enters the first upper chamber 9 in parallel and uniformly through the V-shaped hole 122, and then enters the forming bin 1 in parallel and uniformly through the circular through hole 13; the airflow out of the air outlet end of the lower air inlet mechanism 7 enters the forming bin 1 in parallel and uniformly through the square through hole 14; the smoke in the forming bin 1 enters the exhaust mechanism in parallel and uniformly through the runway-shaped through hole 15 following the airflow, and is finally exhausted to the outside through the exhaust mechanism.

[0037] In the embodiment, the lower air inlet mechanism 7 comprises a cuboid passage 71 and a lower air inlet main passage 72 connected to one end of the cuboid passage 71 in the length direction, the air outlet end of the cuboid passage 71 is installed on the first side wall 4, a plurality of air inlet partition plates 73 are arranged in the length direction (i.e. the front-rear direction) in the cuboid passage 71, the lower air inlet air duct 74 is formed between two adjacent air inlet partition plates 73, the air inlet partition plate 73 comprises an arc-shaped section and a straight section arranged in the airflow direction, and the arc-shaped section is arranged close to the lower air inlet main passage 72, so that the lower air inlet air duct 74 gradually increases in the airflow direction, further preventing the airflow from forming a vortex in the lower air inlet mechanism 7, and ensuring the stability of the air supply of the lower air inlet mechanism 7.

[0038] In the embodiment, the air exhaust mechanism 8 comprises an air exhaust passage 81 and an air exhaust partition plate 82 arranged in the air exhaust passage 81, the air exhaust air duct 83 is formed between two adjacent air exhaust partition plates 82, the opening of the air exhaust passage 83 gradually decreases in the airflow direction, and the air exhaust partition plate 82 is arranged close to the center in the airflow direction, further preventing the airflow from forming a vortex in the air exhaust mechanism 8, and ensuring that the air exhaust mechanism 8 orderly and stably exhausts the smoke and dust to the outside.

[0039] The utility model also provides a metal powder 3D printer, including the smoke and dust exhaust device that the embodiment is described, this setting makes airflow can from the upper air inlet mechanism 6's upper air inlet air duct 64 of one end of forming bin 1, the lower air inlet mechanism 7's lower air inlet air duct 74 even and orderly blows into forming bin 1, prevents the airflow from forming a vortex in the air inlet mechanism and the air exhaust mechanism 8, further prevents the smoke and dust generated by laser melting metal in forming bin 1 from forming a vortex, and the smoke and dust is finally sucked away and exhausted to the outside in parallel and evenly and orderly through the lower air inlet air duct 74 of the air exhaust mechanism 8 at the bottom of the other end of forming bin 1, prevents the smoke and dust remaining in forming bin 1 from falling into the workpiece when the 3D printer stops printing, thereby improving the printing quality of the workpiece.

[0040] Although the utility model is specifically shown and introduced in combination with the preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to the utility model in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model defined in the appended claims, and all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A smoke and dust emission device, characterized in that: It includes a molding chamber, which has several sets of laser galvanometers on top and a dust collection mechanism at the bottom; The two opposite side walls of the forming chamber are the first side wall and the second side wall, respectively. The first side wall is equipped with an upper air inlet mechanism and a lower air inlet mechanism, and the second side wall is equipped with an exhaust mechanism. The molding chamber has a first upper chamber and a first lower chamber separated on the side closest to the first side wall. The upper air inlet mechanism is connected to the molding chamber through the first upper chamber, and the lower air inlet assembly is connected to the molding chamber through the first lower chamber. The bottom of the molding chamber is provided with a second chamber on the side closest to the second side wall, and the exhaust mechanism is connected to the molding chamber through the second chamber. The upper air intake mechanism, lower air intake mechanism, and exhaust mechanism each have multiple parallel upper air intake ducts, lower air intake ducts, and exhaust ducts. The upper air intake ducts, lower air intake ducts, and exhaust ducts work together to orderly draw away and discharge the smoke and dust in the molding chamber.

2. The smoke and dust emission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper air inlet mechanism includes a diffuser pipe, a main air inlet pipe, and multiple connecting secondary pipes arranged side by side between the diffuser pipe and the main air inlet pipe. The upper air inlet duct is located inside the connecting secondary pipes. The air outlet end of the diffuser pipe is installed on the first side wall, and the opening of the diffuser pipe gradually increases along the airflow direction.

3. The smoke and dust emission device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arrangement direction of the connecting secondary pipes is perpendicular to the airflow direction of the connecting secondary pipes.

4. The smoke and dust emission device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple flow guides are installed side by side on the first side wall of the first upper chamber. The flow guides are positioned opposite to the air outlet of the diffusion and equalization pipe. Each flow guide includes a V-shaped plate with its V-shaped opening facing the forming chamber side. Multiple V-shaped holes are arranged side by side on the V-shaped plate.

5. The smoke and dust emission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first upper chamber has multiple circular through holes on the side wall near the molding chamber, arranged in a matrix; the first lower chamber has multiple square through holes on the side wall near the molding chamber, arranged in a matrix; the second chamber has multiple racetrack-shaped through holes on the side wall near the molding chamber, arranged in a matrix.

6. The smoke and dust emission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower air intake mechanism includes a cuboid channel and a lower air intake main channel connected to one end of the cuboid channel along its length. The air outlet end of the cuboid channel is installed on the first side wall. Multiple air intake baffles are arranged along the length of the cuboid channel, and the lower air intake duct is formed between two adjacent air intake baffles.

7. The smoke and dust emission device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air inlet baffle includes an arc-shaped section and a straight section arranged along the airflow direction, with the arc-shaped section facing downward toward the main air inlet channel.

8. The smoke and dust emission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust system includes an exhaust duct and an exhaust baffle installed in the exhaust duct. The exhaust duct is formed between two adjacent exhaust baffles. The opening of the exhaust duct gradually decreases along the airflow direction, and the exhaust baffles are gradually moved towards the center along the airflow direction.

9. A metal powder 3D printer, characterized in that: Includes the dust emission device according to any one of claims 1-8.

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